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Article: Evaluation of three rapid low-resource molecular tests for Nipah virus.

Pollak, Nina M / Olsson, Malin / Marsh, Glenn A / Macdonald, Joanne / McMillan, David

2023 Volume 13, Page(s) 1101914

Abstract: Accurate and timely diagnosis of Nipah virus (NiV) requires rapid, inexpensive, and robust diagnostic tests to control spread of disease. Current state of the art technologies are slow and require laboratory infrastructure that may not be available in ... ...

Abstract	Accurate and timely diagnosis of Nipah virus (NiV) requires rapid, inexpensive, and robust diagnostic tests to control spread of disease. Current state of the art technologies are slow and require laboratory infrastructure that may not be available in all endemic settings. Here we report the development and comparison of three rapid NiV molecular diagnostic tests based on reverse transcription recombinase-based isothermal amplification coupled with lateral flow detection. These tests include a simple and fast one-step sample processing step that inactivates the BSL-4 pathogen, enabling safe testing without the need for multi-step RNA purification. The rapid NiV tests targeted the Nucleocapsid protein (N) gene with analytical sensitivity down to 1,000 copies/μL for synthetic NiV RNA and did not cross-react with RNA of other flaviviruses or Chikungunya virus, which can clinically present with similar febrile symptoms. Two tests detected 50,000-100,000 TCID
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-02-09
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2022.1101914
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Article ; Online: Henipavirus-induced neuropathogenesis in mice.

Edwards, Sarah J / Rowe, Brenton / Reid, Tristan / Tachedjian, Mary / Caruso, Sarah / Blasdell, Kim / Watanabe, Shumpei / Bergfeld, Jemma / Marsh, Glenn A

Virology

2023 Volume 587, Page(s) 109856

Abstract: Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are henipaviruses that can cause fatal encephalitis in humans. Many animal models have been used to study henipavirus pathogenesis. In the mouse, HeV infection has previously shown that intranasal challenge can ... ...

Abstract	Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV) are henipaviruses that can cause fatal encephalitis in humans. Many animal models have been used to study henipavirus pathogenesis. In the mouse, HeV infection has previously shown that intranasal challenge can lead to neurological infection, however mice similarly challenged with NiV show no evidence of virus infecting the brain. We generated recombinant HeV (rHeV) and NiV (rNiV) where selected proteins were switched to examine their role in neuroinvasion in the mouse. These viruses displayed similar growth kinetics when compared to wildtype in vitro. In the mouse, infection outcomes with recombinant virus did not differ to infection outcomes of wildtype viruses. Virus was detected in the brain of 5/30 rHeV-challenged mice, but not rNiV-challenged mice. To confirm the permissiveness of mouse neurons to these viruses, primary mouse neurons were successfully infected in vitro, suggesting that other pathobiological factors contribute to the differences in disease outcomes in mice.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-29
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	200425-2
ISSN	1096-0341 ; 0042-6822
ISSN (online)	1096-0341
ISSN	0042-6822
DOI	10.1016/j.virol.2023.109856
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Article ; Online: SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 display limited neuronal infection and lack the ability to transmit within synaptically connected axons in stem cell-derived human neurons.

Luczo, Jasmina M / Edwards, Sarah J / Ardipradja, Katie / Suen, Willy W / Au, Gough G / Marsh, Glenn A / Godde, Nathan / Rootes, Christina L / Bingham, John / Sundaramoorthy, Vinod

Journal of neurovirology

2024 Volume 30, Issue 1, Page(s) 39–51

Abstract: Sarbecoviruses such as SARS and SARS-CoV-2 have been responsible for two major outbreaks in humans, the latter resulting in a global pandemic. While sarbecoviruses primarily cause an acute respiratory infection, they have been shown to infect the nervous ...

Abstract	Sarbecoviruses such as SARS and SARS-CoV-2 have been responsible for two major outbreaks in humans, the latter resulting in a global pandemic. While sarbecoviruses primarily cause an acute respiratory infection, they have been shown to infect the nervous system. However, mechanisms of sarbecovirus neuroinvasion and neuropathogenesis remain unclear. In this study, we examined the infectivity and trans-synaptic transmission potential of the sarbecoviruses SARS and SARS-CoV-2 in human stem cell-derived neural model systems. We demonstrated limited ability of sarbecoviruses to infect and replicate in human stem cell-derived neurons. Furthermore, we demonstrated an inability of sarbecoviruses to transmit between synaptically connected human stem cell-derived neurons. Finally, we determined an absence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in olfactory neurons in experimentally infected ferrets. Collectively, this study indicates that sarbecoviruses exhibit low potential to infect human stem cell-derived neurons, lack an ability to infect ferret olfactory neurons, and lack an inbuilt molecular mechanism to utilise retrograde axonal trafficking and trans-synaptic transmission to spread within the human nervous system.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/pathogenicity ; SARS-CoV-2/physiology ; Animals ; COVID-19/virology ; COVID-19/transmission ; Axons/virology ; Ferrets/virology ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/physiology ; Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus/pathogenicity ; Neurons/virology ; Virus Replication ; Chlorocebus aethiops ; Neural Stem Cells/virology ; Vero Cells
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-03
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1283265-0
ISSN	1538-2443 ; 1355-0284
ISSN (online)	1538-2443
ISSN	1355-0284
DOI	10.1007/s13365-023-01187-3
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Article ; Online: Evaluation of henipavirus chemical inactivation methods for the safe removal of samples from the high-containment PC4 laboratory.

Edwards, Sarah J / Caruso, Sarah / Suen, Willy W / Jackson, Sarah / Rowe, Brenton / Marsh, Glenn A

Journal of virological methods

2021 Volume 298, Page(s) 114287

Abstract: Henipaviruses, Hendra (HeV) and Nipah (NiV), are highly pathogenic zoonotic agents that pose a serious health risk to human life, and as such are restricted to physical containment 4 (PC4) laboratories. For further analysis of virus-infected biological ... ...

Abstract	Henipaviruses, Hendra (HeV) and Nipah (NiV), are highly pathogenic zoonotic agents that pose a serious health risk to human life, and as such are restricted to physical containment 4 (PC4) laboratories. For further analysis of virus-infected biological specimens, it is necessary to ensure absolute inactivation of any infectious virus present before removal from the PC4 laboratory. To evaluate the inactivation of HeV and NiV within infected samples, two chemical inactivation methods were assessed. Henipavirus-infected cell monolayers treated with 4 % paraformaldehyde (PFA) showed the complete inactivation of infectious virus, with an inactivation period of 15 min resulting in more than 8-log decrease in infectious titre. NiV-infected tissue samples treated with 10 % neutral-buffered formalin (NBF) showed a complete reduction of infectious virus in 7/8 ferret organs incubated for 24 h, with the remaining tissue demonstrating complete virus inactivation after 48 h. The chemical inactivation methods described herein evaluated two simple methods of henipavirus inactivation, resulting in the complete inactivation of infectious virus - an essential requirement for the safe removal and handling of biological samples from the PC4 laboratory.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Containment of Biohazards ; Ferrets ; Hendra Virus ; Henipavirus ; Henipavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Henipavirus Infections/veterinary ; Humans ; Laboratories ; Nipah Virus/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-09-13
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	8013-5
ISSN	1879-0984 ; 0166-0934
ISSN (online)	1879-0984
ISSN	0166-0934
DOI	10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114287
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Article ; Online: Challenges and Opportunities in the Use of High and Maximum Biocontainment Facilities in Developing and Licensing Risk Group 3 and Risk Group 4 Agent Veterinary Vaccines.

Brake, David A / Kuhn, Jens H / Marsh, Glenn A / Beer, Martin / Fine, Joshua B

ILAR journal

2021 Volume 61, Issue 1, Page(s) 46–61

Abstract: New solutions are necessary for the singular global health security threat formed by endemic, epidemic, and emerging/re-emerging zoonoses, coupled with epizootic and enzootic transboundary animal diseases (TADs). This One Health issue is related to the ... ...

Abstract	New solutions are necessary for the singular global health security threat formed by endemic, epidemic, and emerging/re-emerging zoonoses, coupled with epizootic and enzootic transboundary animal diseases (TADs). This One Health issue is related to the daily interactions between wildlife, domesticated and indigenous livestock, and humans primarily associated with global trade, transboundary co-movement of humans and diverse livestock/livestock products, and agriculture production intensification and penetration into previously uninhabited areas. The World Health Organization defines Risk Group 3 (RG-3) and RG-4 pathogens as mainly viruses but also bacteria that serve as the foundation for approximately 60% of emerging infectious diseases that are zoonoses. The World Organisation for Animal Health defines trade-notifiable TADs, and subsets of these are zoonotic. Livestock vaccination policies mainly focus on TADs that are promulgated by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization and government agriculture agencies. The development, licensure, and product manufacturing of next-generation molecular-based RG-3 and RG-4 veterinary vaccines largely ignored by the global animal health biopharmaceutical sector can have an important positive impact on food security and One Health. There have been sharp increases in the global demand for livestock meat and milk products, especially in low- and middle-income countries in Africa and Asia. This relatively recent market driver-coupled with scientific advances in human EID and zoonotic disease vaccine platform technologies and increases in the number of high (US biosafety level 3 agriculture) and maximum (US animal biosafety level 4) biocontainment facilities with supporting workforce capabilities-offers new investment opportunities to the animal health biopharmaceutical sector. Moreover, a growing number of One Health public-private partnerships have moved the net present value calculus in favor of the financial feasibility of RG-3 and RG-4 veterinary vaccine product development and licensure. This article highlights the challenges and opportunities in the use of high and maximum biocontainment facilities in developing and licensing RG-3 and RG-4 veterinary vaccines that are safe and effective against epizootic and enzootic TADs and zoonotic diseases.
MeSH term(s)	Animal Diseases/epidemiology ; Animal Diseases/prevention & control ; Animals ; Communicable Diseases, Emerging/epidemiology ; Livestock ; Vaccines ; Zoonoses/prevention & control
Chemical Substances	Vaccines
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-03-11
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
ZDB-ID	2192062-X
ISSN	1930-6180 ; 1084-2020
ISSN (online)	1930-6180
ISSN	1084-2020
DOI	10.1093/ilar/ilab004
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Article: Evaluation of henipavirus chemical inactivation methods for the safe removal of samples from the high-containment PC4 laboratory

Edwards, Sarah J. / Caruso, Sarah / Suen, Willy W. / Jackson, Sarah / Rowe, Brenton / Marsh, Glenn A.

Journal of virological methods. 2021 Dec., v. 298

2021

Abstract	Henipaviruses, Hendra (HeV) and Nipah (NiV), are highly pathogenic zoonotic agents that pose a serious health risk to human life, and as such are restricted to physical containment 4 (PC4) laboratories. For further analysis of virus-infected biological specimens, it is necessary to ensure absolute inactivation of any infectious virus present before removal from the PC4 laboratory. To evaluate the inactivation of HeV and NiV within infected samples, two chemical inactivation methods were assessed. Henipavirus-infected cell monolayers treated with 4 % paraformaldehyde (PFA) showed the complete inactivation of infectious virus, with an inactivation period of 15 min resulting in more than 8-log decrease in infectious titre. NiV-infected tissue samples treated with 10 % neutral-buffered formalin (NBF) showed a complete reduction of infectious virus in 7/8 ferret organs incubated for 24 h, with the remaining tissue demonstrating complete virus inactivation after 48 h. The chemical inactivation methods described herein evaluated two simple methods of henipavirus inactivation, resulting in the complete inactivation of infectious virus – an essential requirement for the safe removal and handling of biological samples from the PC4 laboratory.
Keywords	ferrets ; formalin ; humans ; risk ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-12
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	8013-5
ISSN	1879-0984 ; 0166-0934
ISSN (online)	1879-0984
ISSN	0166-0934
DOI	10.1016/j.jviromet.2021.114287
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Distinct Cell Transcriptomic Landscapes Upon Henipavirus Infections.

Chen, Mingyue / Tachedjian, Mary / Marsh, Glenn A / Cui, Jie / Wang, Lin-Fa

Frontiers in microbiology

2020 Volume 11, Page(s) 986

Abstract: Hendra virus (HeV) and Cedar virus (CedV) are henipaviruses, which fall into ... ...

Abstract	Hendra virus (HeV) and Cedar virus (CedV) are henipaviruses, which fall into the
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2587354-4
ISSN	1664-302X
ISSN	1664-302X
DOI	10.3389/fmicb.2020.00986
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Article ; Online: Corrigendum: Characterization of Teviot virus, an Australian bat-borne paramyxovirus.

Johnson, Rebecca I / Tachedjian, Mary / Clayton, Bronwyn A / Layton, Rachel / Bergfeld, Jemma / Wang, Lin-Fa / Smith, Ina / Marsh, Glenn A

The Journal of general virology

2021 Volume 102, Issue 7

Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-26
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Published Erratum
ZDB-ID	219316-4
ISSN	1465-2099 ; 0022-1317
ISSN (online)	1465-2099
ISSN	0022-1317
DOI	10.1099/jgv.0.001626
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Article ; Online: The changing face of the henipaviruses.

Croser, Emma L / Marsh, Glenn A

Veterinary microbiology

2013 Volume 167, Issue 1-2, Page(s) 151–158

Abstract: The Henipavirus genus represents a group of paramyxoviruses that are some of the deadliest of known human and veterinary pathogens. Hendra and Nipah viruses are zoonotic pathogens that can cause respiratory and encephalitic illness in humans with ... ...

Abstract	The Henipavirus genus represents a group of paramyxoviruses that are some of the deadliest of known human and veterinary pathogens. Hendra and Nipah viruses are zoonotic pathogens that can cause respiratory and encephalitic illness in humans with mortality rates that exceed 70%. Over the past several years, we have seen an increase in the number of cases and an altered clinical presentation of Hendra virus in naturally infected horses. Recent increase in the number of cases has also been reported with human Nipah virus infections in Bangladesh. These factors, along with the recent discovery of henipa and henipa-like viruses in Africa, Asia and South and Central America adds, a truly global perspective to this group of emerging viruses.
MeSH term(s)	Africa ; Animals ; Asia ; Hendra Virus/classification ; Hendra Virus/physiology ; Henipavirus/classification ; Henipavirus/physiology ; Henipavirus Infections/epidemiology ; Henipavirus Infections/mortality ; Henipavirus Infections/prevention & control ; Henipavirus Infections/transmission ; Henipavirus Infections/virology ; Horse Diseases/epidemiology ; Horse Diseases/mortality ; Horse Diseases/prevention & control ; Horse Diseases/transmission ; Horses ; Humans ; Nipah Virus/classification ; Nipah Virus/physiology ; Zoonoses/epidemiology ; Zoonoses/prevention & control ; Zoonoses/virology
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-11-29
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	753154-0
ISSN	1873-2542 ; 0378-1135
ISSN (online)	1873-2542
ISSN	0378-1135
DOI	10.1016/j.vetmic.2013.08.002
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Article ; Online: Host and Viral Proteins Modulating Ebola and Marburg Virus Egress.

Gordon, Tamsin B / Hayward, Joshua A / Marsh, Glenn A / Baker, Michelle L / Tachedjian, Gilda

Viruses

2019 Volume 11, Issue 1

Abstract: ... The ... ...

Abstract	The filoviruses
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Ebolavirus/physiology ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/genetics ; Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport/metabolism ; Glycoproteins/genetics ; Glycoproteins/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Host Microbial Interactions ; Humans ; Marburgvirus/physiology ; Mice ; Nucleocapsid/genetics ; Nucleocapsid/metabolism ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/genetics ; Nucleocapsid Proteins/metabolism ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism ; Viral Matrix Proteins/genetics ; Viral Matrix Proteins/metabolism ; Virus Release
Chemical Substances	Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport ; Glycoproteins ; Nucleocapsid Proteins ; VP40 protein, virus ; Viral Matrix Proteins ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27)
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v11010025
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