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  1. Article ; Online: Modeling Normal and Pathological Ear Cartilage in vitro Using Somatic Stem Cells in Three-Dimensional Culture

    Eleonora Zucchelli / Martin Birchall / Neil W. Bulstrode / Patrizia Ferretti

    Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol

    2020  Volume 8

    Abstract: Microtia (underdeveloped ear) is a rare congenital dysmorphology affecting the development of the outer ear. Although human microtic cartilage has not been fully characterized, chondrogenic cells derived from this tissue have been proposed as a suitable ... ...

    Abstract Microtia (underdeveloped ear) is a rare congenital dysmorphology affecting the development of the outer ear. Although human microtic cartilage has not been fully characterized, chondrogenic cells derived from this tissue have been proposed as a suitable source for autologous auricular reconstruction. The aim of this study was to further characterize native microtic cartilage and investigate the properties of cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CSPCs) derived from it. Two-dimensional (2D) systems are most commonly used to assess the chondrogenic potential of somatic stem cells in vitro, but limit cell interactions and differentiation. Hence here we investigated the behavior of microtic CSPCs in three-dimensional spheroid cultures. Remarkable similarities between human microtic cartilages from five patients, as compared to normal cartilage, were observed notwithstanding possibly different etiologies of the disease. Native microtic cartilage displayed poorly defined perichondrium and hyper-cellularity, an immature phenotype that resembled that of the normal developing human auricular cartilage we studied in parallel. Crucially, our analysis of microtic ears revealed for the first time that, unlike normal cartilage, microtic cartilages are vascularized. Importantly, CSPCs isolated from human microtic and normal ear cartilages were found to recapitulate many characteristics of pathological and healthy tissues, respectively, when allowed to differentiate as spheroids, but not in monolayer cultures. Noteworthily, starting from initially homogeneous cell pellets, CSPC spheroids spontaneously underwent a maturation process in culture, and formed two regions (inner and outer region) separated by a boundary, with distinct cell types that differed in chondrogenic commitment as indicated by expression of chondrogenic markers. Compared to normal ear-derived spheroids, microtic spheroids were asymmetric, hyper-cellularized and the inner and outer regions did not develop properly. Hence, their organization resembled that of native microtic cartilage. Together, our results identify novel features of microtic ears and highlight the importance of 3D self-organizing in vitro systems for better understanding somatic stem cell behavior and disease modeling. Our observations of ear-derived chondrogenic stem cell behavior have implications for choice of cells for tissue engineered reconstructive purposes and for modeling the etiopathogenesis of microtia.
    Keywords cartilage ; development ; ear ; human ; mesenchymal stem cells ; microtia ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Frontiers Media S.A.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Appearance and management of COVID-19 laryngo-tracheitis

    Charles Matthew Oliver / Marta Campbell / Oma Dulan / Nick Hamilton / Martin Birchall

    F1000Research, Vol

    two case reports [version 1; peer review: 2 approved]

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: We present two cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related laryngotracheitis in good-prognosis, ventilated patients who had failed extubation. As the pandemic continues to unfold across the globe and better management of those with respiratory ... ...

    Abstract We present two cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related laryngotracheitis in good-prognosis, ventilated patients who had failed extubation. As the pandemic continues to unfold across the globe and better management of those with respiratory failure develops, this may be an increasingly common scenario. Close ENT-intensivist liaison, meticulous team preparation, early consideration of rigid endoscopy and prospective data collection and case sharing are recommended.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q ; covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Appearance and management of COVID-19 laryngo-tracheitis

    Charles Matthew Oliver / Marta Campbell / Oma Dulan / Nick Hamilton / Martin Birchall

    F1000Research, Vol

    two case reports [version 2; peer review: 2 approved]

    2020  Volume 9

    Abstract: We present two cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related laryngotracheitis in good-prognosis, ventilated patients who had failed extubation. As the pandemic continues to unfold across the globe and better management of those with respiratory ... ...

    Abstract We present two cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-related laryngotracheitis in good-prognosis, ventilated patients who had failed extubation. As the pandemic continues to unfold across the globe and better management of those with respiratory failure develops, this may be an increasingly common scenario. Close ENT-intensivist liaison, meticulous team preparation, early consideration of rigid endoscopy and prospective data collection and case sharing are recommended.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Changing from face-to-face to virtual meetings due to the COVID-19 pandemic

    Michael D Peake / Muntzer Mughal / Daisy McInnerney / Samantha L Quaife / Martin Birchall / Donna Chung / Anjola Onifade / David Holden / Jacob Goodman

    BMJ Open, Vol 13, Iss

    protocol for a mixed-methods study exploring the impact on cancer multidisciplinary team (MDT) meetings

    2023  Volume 4

    Abstract: Introduction In the UK, the National Cancer Plan (2000) requires every cancer patient’s care to be reviewed by a multidisciplinary team (MDT). Since the introduction of these guidelines, MDTs have faced escalating demands with increasing numbers and ... ...

    Abstract Introduction In the UK, the National Cancer Plan (2000) requires every cancer patient’s care to be reviewed by a multidisciplinary team (MDT). Since the introduction of these guidelines, MDTs have faced escalating demands with increasing numbers and complexity of cases. The COVID-19 pandemic has presented MDTs with the challenge of running MDT meetings virtually rather than face-to-face.This study aims to explore how the change from face-to-face to virtual MDT meetings during the COVID-19 pandemic may have impacted the effectiveness of decision-making in cancer MDT meetings and to make recommendations to improve future cancer MDT working based on the findings.Methods and analysis A mixed-methods study with three parallel phases:Semistructured remote qualitative interviews with ≤40 cancer MDT members.A national cross-sectional online survey of cancer MDT members in England, using a validated questionnaire with both multiple-choice and free-text questions.Live observations of ≥6 virtual/hybrid cancer MDT meetings at four NHS Trusts.Participants will be recruited from Cancer Alliances in England. Data collection tools have been developed in consultation with stakeholders, based on a conceptual framework devised from decision-making models and MDT guidelines. Quantitative data will be summarised descriptively, and χ2 tests run to explore associations. Qualitative data will be analysed using applied thematic analysis. Using a convergent design, mixed-methods data will be triangulated guided by the conceptual framework.The study has been approved by NHS Research Ethics Committee (London—Hampstead) (22/HRA/0177). The results will be shared through peer-reviewed journals and academic conferences. A report summarising key findings will be used to develop a resource pack for MDTs to translate learnings from this study into improved effectiveness of virtual MDT meetings.The study has been registered on the Open Science Framework (https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/D2NHW).
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Subject code 650
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Development data associated with effects of stiffness softening of 3D-TIPS elastomer nanohybrid scaffolds on tissue ingrowth, vascularization and inflammation in vivo

    Linxiao Wu / Adrián Magaz / Elizabeth Maughan / Nina Oliver / Arnold Darbyshire / Marilena Loizidou / Mark Emberton / Martin Birchall / Wenhui Song

    Data in Brief, Vol 22, Iss , Pp 885-

    2019  Volume 902

    Abstract: This DiB article contains data related to the research article entitled “Cellular responses to thermoresponsive stiffness memory elastomer nanohybrid scaffolds by 3D-TIPS” (Wu et al., 2018). Thermoresponsive poly (urea-urethane) nanohybrid elastomer (PUU- ...

    Abstract This DiB article contains data related to the research article entitled “Cellular responses to thermoresponsive stiffness memory elastomer nanohybrid scaffolds by 3D-TIPS” (Wu et al., 2018). Thermoresponsive poly (urea-urethane) nanohybrid elastomer (PUU-POSS) scaffolds were implanted in rats for up to 3 months. The porous structure and tensile mechanical properties of the scaffolds are listed and compared before and after in vitro and in vivo tests. The details of the histological analysis of the explants with different initial stiffness and porous structures at various time points are presented. The images and data presented support the conclusion about the coupled effects of stiffness softening and the hierarchical porous structure modulating tissue ingrowth, vascularization and macrophage polarization in the article (Wu et al., 2018).
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 620
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: ‘Overnight, things changed. Suddenly, we were in it’

    Leila Rooshenas / Jane M Blazeby / Anni Skilton / Peter Hutchinson / Sian Cousins / Daisy Elliott / Sangeetha Paramasivan / Jenny L Donovan / Cynthia Ochieng / Martin Birchall / Kerry NL Avery

    BMJ Open, Vol 11, Iss

    a qualitative study exploring how surgical teams mitigated risks of COVID-19

    2021  Volume 6

    Abstract: Objectives COVID-19 presents a risk of infection and transmission for operating theatre teams. Guidelines to protect patients and staff emerged and changed rapidly based on expert opinion and limited evidence. This paper presents the experiences and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives COVID-19 presents a risk of infection and transmission for operating theatre teams. Guidelines to protect patients and staff emerged and changed rapidly based on expert opinion and limited evidence. This paper presents the experiences and innovations developed by international surgical teams during the early stages of the pandemic to attempt to mitigate risk.Design In-depth, semistructured interviews were audio recorded, transcribed and analysed thematically using methods of constant comparison.Participants 43 participants, including surgeons from a range of specialties (primarily general surgery, otolaryngology, neurosurgery, cardiothoracic and ophthalmology), anaesthetists and those in nursing roles.Setting The UK, Italy, Spain, the USA, China and New Zealand between March and May 2020.Results Surgical teams sought to mitigate COVID-19 risks by modifying their current practice with an abundance of strategies and innovations. Communication and teamwork played an integral role in how teams adapted, although participants reflected on the challenges of having to improvise in real time. Uncertainties remained about optimal surgical practice and there were significant tensions where teams were forced to balance what was best for patients while contemplating their own safety.Conclusions The perceptions of risks during a pandemic such as COVID-19 can be complex and context dependent. Management of these risks in surgery must be driven by evidence‐based practice resulting from a pragmatic and novel approach to collation of global evidence. The context of surgery has changed dramatically, and surgical teams have developed a plethora of innovations. There is an urgent need for high-quality evidence to inform surgical practice that optimises the safety of both patients and healthcare professionals as the COVID-19 pandemic unfolds.
    Keywords Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher BMJ Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Data of a stiffness softening mechanism effect on proliferation and differentiation of a human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cell line towards the chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages

    Linxiao Wu / Adrián Magaz / Tao Wang / Chaozong Liu / Arnold Darbyshire / Marilena Loizidou / Mark Emberton / Martin Birchall / Wenhui Song

    Data in Brief, Vol 21, Iss , Pp 133-

    2018  Volume 142

    Abstract: This article contains data related to the research article entitled “Stiffness memory of indirectly 3D-printed elastomer nanohybrid regulates chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells” [1] (Wu et al., 2018).Cells respond to the ... ...

    Abstract This article contains data related to the research article entitled “Stiffness memory of indirectly 3D-printed elastomer nanohybrid regulates chondrogenesis and osteogenesis of human mesenchymal stem cells” [1] (Wu et al., 2018).Cells respond to the local microenvironment in a context dependent fashion and a continuous challenge is to provide a living construct that can adapt to the viscoelasticity changes of surrounding tissues. Several materials are attractive candidates to be used in tissue engineering, but conventional manufactured scaffolds are primarily static models with well-defined and stable stiffness that lack the dynamic biological nature required to undergo changes in substrate elasticity decisive in several cellular processes key during tissue development and wound healing. A family of poly (urea-urethane) (PUU) elastomeric nanohybrid scaffolds (PUU-POSS) with thermoresponsive mechanical properties that soften by reverse self-assembling at body temperature had been developed through a 3D thermal induced phase transition process (3D-TIPS) at various thermal conditions: cryo-coagulation (CC), cryo-coagulation and heating (CC + H) and room temperature coagulation and heating (RTC + H). The stiffness relaxation and stiffness softening of these scaffolds suggest regulatory effects in proliferation and differentiation of human bone-marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBM-MSCs) towards the chondrogenic and osteogenic lineages.
    Keywords Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ; R858-859.7 ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Elsevier
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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