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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Pachycrepoideus vindemiae and Muscidifurax raptor (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as biological control agents of Piophila casei (Diptera: Piophilidae) in ham production facilities.

Missere, Diletta / Martini, Antonio / Burgio, Giovanni

2023 Volume 23, Issue 5

Abstract: Ham products play a fundamental role in the Italian economy, and attention to the problems of this sector is essential. The products of this sector can be attacked by parasites, which can cause direct and indirect damage. Piophila casei (L.) (Diptera: ... ...

Abstract	Ham products play a fundamental role in the Italian economy, and attention to the problems of this sector is essential. The products of this sector can be attacked by parasites, which can cause direct and indirect damage. Piophila casei (L.) (Diptera: Piophilidae) a cheese and meat parasite, is currently responsible for hygiene problems in ham factories. The trophic activity of this pest on the products causes serious direct damage and it is a vector of various bacteria, including Clostridium botulinum. Another risk is human ingestion of the larvae, which are resistant to gastric juices action, potentially causing intestinal myiasis. Insecticide use of any type is not allowed in aging rooms, so biological control can represent a potential alternative. In this study, we investigate quality parameters such as successful rate of parasitism (SP), degree of parasitism (DP), sex-ratio (SR), life-span (LS), and emergence rates (ER) of 2 pupal parasitoids of Diptera: Pachycrepoideus vindemiae (Rondani) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae), currently the only known pupal parasitoid of P. casei, and Muscidifurax raptor (Girault and Sanders) (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae). Our research confirmed P. vindemiae efficacy to parasitize P. casei and reported, for the first time, M. raptor as a pupal parasitoid of this Piophilidae. ER for both parasitoids were low, thus affecting the DP and SP estimations. This could be explained by the feeding behavior of the parasitoid host. The strongly female-biased SR for P. vindemiae supported previous studies. LS results in our experiment are crucial for determining the timing of release.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Humans ; Female ; Diptera ; Hymenoptera ; Biological Control Agents ; Larva ; Feeding Behavior
Chemical Substances	Biological Control Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2049098-7
ISSN	1536-2442 ; 1536-2442
ISSN (online)	1536-2442
ISSN	1536-2442
DOI	10.1093/jisesa/iead067
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Host stage and temperature for the rearing of Aridelus rufotestaceus (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), with notes on acceptance and suitability of 2 stink bug species.

Francati, Santolo / Martini, Antonio / Dindo, Maria Luisa

Journal of insect science (Online)

2023 Volume 23, Issue 5

Abstract: Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a harmful pest of many agricultural crops in different parts of the world. This stink bug is the preferred host species of Aridelus rufotestaceus Tobias (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an endoparasitoid of ... ...

Abstract	Nezara viridula (L.) (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) is a harmful pest of many agricultural crops in different parts of the world. This stink bug is the preferred host species of Aridelus rufotestaceus Tobias (Hymenoptera: Braconidae), an endoparasitoid of nymphs and adults of pentatomids. With the aim to improve the rearing procedure of this beneficial insect, the acceptance and suitability of all mobile stages of N. viridula (from first instar nymph to adult) were evaluated. At 25 °C, all host stages were accepted and suitable for A. rufotestaceus development, but the highest parasitoid cocoon and adult yields were obtained from second instar nymphs. The possibility to reduce the development time of A. rufotestasceus by increasing the rearing temperature was also evaluated, but 28 °C proved to be detrimental for parasitoid development, as shown by the very low cocoon and adult numbers obtained. The acceptance and suitability of the invasive pentatomid species Halyomorpha halys (Stål) for A. rufotestaceus was also tested. Female wasps were observed piercing H. halys nymphs with the ovipositor, but no cocoons were obtained, nor were larvae or head capsules detected in the exposed stink bugs.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Animals ; Temperature ; Heteroptera ; Wasps ; Crops, Agricultural ; Host Specificity ; Introduced Species ; Nymph
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-18
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2049098-7
ISSN	1536-2442 ; 1536-2442
ISSN (online)	1536-2442
ISSN	1536-2442
DOI	10.1093/jisesa/iead062
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Book ; Online: The use of incentives to promote Technical Debt management

Besker, Terese / Martini, Antonio / Bosch, Jan

2021

Abstract: When developing software, it is vitally important to keep the level of technical debt down since it is well established from several studies that technical debt can, e.g., lower the development productivity, decrease the developers' morale, and ... ...

Abstract	When developing software, it is vitally important to keep the level of technical debt down since it is well established from several studies that technical debt can, e.g., lower the development productivity, decrease the developers' morale, and compromise the overall quality of the software. However, even if researchers and practitioners working in today's software development industry are quite familiar with the concept of technical debt and its related negative consequences, there has been no empirical research focusing specifically on how software managers actively communicate and manage the need to keep the level of technical debt as low as possible.
Keywords	Computer Science - Software Engineering
Publishing date	2021-01-05
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Book ; Online: Agile Elicitation of Scalability Requirements for Open Systems

Brataas, Gunnar / Martini, Antonio / Hanssen, Geir Kjetil / Ræder, Georg

A Case Study

2021

Abstract: Eliciting scalability requirements during agile software development is complicated and poorly described in previous research. This article presents a lightweight artifact for eliciting scalability requirements during agile software development: the ... ...

Abstract	Eliciting scalability requirements during agile software development is complicated and poorly described in previous research. This article presents a lightweight artifact for eliciting scalability requirements during agile software development: the ScrumScale model. The ScrumScale model is a simple spreadsheet. The scalability concepts underlying the ScrumScale model are clarified in this design science research, which also utilizes coordination theory. This paper describes the open banking case study, where a legacy banking system becomes open. This challenges the scalability of this legacy system. The first step in understanding this challenge is to elicit the new scalability requirements. In the open banking case study, key stakeholders from TietoEVRY spent 55 hours eliciting TietoEVRY's open banking project's scalability requirements. According to TietoEVRY, the ScrumScale model provided a systematic way of producing scalability requirements. For TietoEVRY, the scalability concepts behind the ScrumScale model also offered significant advantages in dialogues with other stakeholders. Comment: 36 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in Journal of Systems and Software
Keywords	Computer Science - Software Engineering ; Computer Science - Performance ; C.4 ; D.2.1
Subject code	650
Publishing date	2021-08-01
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Improving Agility by Managing Shared Libraries in Microservices

de Toledo, Saulo S. / Martini, Antonio / Sjøberg, Dag I. K.

Agile Processes in Software Engineering and Extreme Programming - Workshops

Abstract: Using microservices is a way of supporting an agile architecture. However, if the microservices development is not properly managed, the teams’ development velocity may be affected, reducing agility and increasing architectural technical debt. This paper ...

Abstract	Using microservices is a way of supporting an agile architecture. However, if the microservices development is not properly managed, the teams’ development velocity may be affected, reducing agility and increasing architectural technical debt. This paper investigates how to manage the use of shared libraries in microservices to improve agility during development. We interviewed practitioners from four large international companies involved in microservices projects to identify problems when using shared libraries. Our results show that the participating companies had issues with shared libraries as follows: coupling among teams, delays on fixes due to overhead on libraries development teams, and need to maintain many versions of the libraries. Our results highlight that the use of shared libraries may hinder agility on microservices. Thus, their use should be restricted to situations where shared libraries cannot be replaced by a microservice and the costs of replicating the code on each service is very high.
Keywords	covid19
Publisher	PMC
Document type	Article ; Online
DOI	10.1007/978-3-030-58858-8_20
Database	COVID19

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Book ; Online: Measuring affective states from technical debt

Olsson, Jesper / Risfelt, Erik / Besker, Terese / Martini, Antonio / Torkar, Richard

A psychoempirical software engineering experiment

2020

Abstract: Software engineering is a human activity. Despite this, human aspects are under-represented in technical debt research, perhaps because they are challenging to evaluate. This study's objective was to investigate the relationship between technical debt ... ...

Abstract	Software engineering is a human activity. Despite this, human aspects are under-represented in technical debt research, perhaps because they are challenging to evaluate. This study's objective was to investigate the relationship between technical debt and affective states (feelings, emotions, and moods) from software practitioners. Forty participants (N = 40) from twelve companies took part in a mixed-methods approach, consisting of a repeated-measures (r = 5) experiment (n = 200), a survey, and semi-structured interviews. The statistical analysis shows that different design smells (strong indicators of technical debt) negatively or positively impact affective states. From the qualitative data, it is clear that technical debt activates a substantial portion of the emotional spectrum and is psychologically taxing. Further, the practitioners' reactions to technical debt appear to fall in different levels of maturity. We argue that human aspects in technical debt are important factors to consider, as they may result in, e.g., procrastination, apprehension, and burnout. Comment: 50 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Empirical Software Engineering
Keywords	Computer Science - Software Engineering
Subject code	339
Publishing date	2020-09-22
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The ground beetle Pseudoophonus rufipes gut microbiome is influenced by the farm management system.

Magagnoli, Serena / Alberoni, Daniele / Baffoni, Loredana / Martini, Antonio / Marini, Francesca / Di Gioia, Diana / Mazzon, Martina / Marzadori, Claudio / Campanelli, Gabriele / Burgio, Giovanni

Scientific reports

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 22638

Abstract: Intensive conventional farm management, characterized by high agrochemicals input, could alter the composition of microbial communities with potential negative effects on both functional traits and the ecosystem services provided. In this study, we ... ...

Abstract	Intensive conventional farm management, characterized by high agrochemicals input, could alter the composition of microbial communities with potential negative effects on both functional traits and the ecosystem services provided. In this study, we investigated the gut microbial composition of a high ecological relevance carabid Pseudoophonus rufipes, sampled in two fields subjected to conventional and organic management practices. Carabids' gut microbiota was analyzed via qPCR and NGS. Profound differences between the microbial composition of organic and conventional samples were detected: the abundance of Tenericutes and Proteobacteria was significant higher in organic and conventional samples, respectively. Spiroplasmataceae and Bifidobacteriaceae families were significantly more abundant in samples from organic management, while Enterococcaceae, Morganellaceae and Yersiniaceae were more abundant in samples from conventional management. The diverse gut microbial composition of insects between the two management systems is related to the pressure of environmental stressors and it may representing an important bioindication of ecological functions and services provided by a carabid species.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Gastrointestinal Microbiome ; Coleoptera ; Farms ; Microbiota ; Insecta
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-31
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2615211-3
ISSN	2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
ISSN (online)	2045-2322
ISSN	2045-2322
DOI	10.1038/s41598-022-25408-7
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Book ; Online: Technical Debt Prioritization

Lenarduzzi, Valentina / Besker, Terese / Taibi, Davide / Martini, Antonio / Fontana, Francesca Arcelli

State of the Art. A Systematic Literature Review

2019

Abstract: Background. Software companies need to manage and refactor Technical Debt issues. Therefore, it is necessary to understand if and when refactoring Technical Debt should be prioritized with respect to developing features or fixing bugs. \\ Objective. The ... ...

Abstract	Background. Software companies need to manage and refactor Technical Debt issues. Therefore, it is necessary to understand if and when refactoring Technical Debt should be prioritized with respect to developing features or fixing bugs. \\ Objective. The goal of this study is to investigate the existing body of knowledge in software engineering to understand what Technical Debt prioritization approaches have been proposed in research and industry. Method. We conducted a Systematic Literature Review among 384 unique papers published until 2018, following a consolidated methodology applied in Software Engineering. We included 38 primary studies. Results. Different approaches have been proposed for Technical Debt prioritization, all having different goals and optimizing on different criteria. The proposed measures capture only a small part of the plethora of factors used to prioritize Technical Debt qualitatively in practice. We report an impact map of such factors. However, there is a lack of empirical and validated set of tools. Conclusion. We observed that technical Debt prioritization research is preliminary and there is no consensus on what are the important factors and how to measure them. Consequently, we cannot consider current research conclusive and in this paper, we outline different directions for necessary future investigations.
Keywords	Computer Science - Software Engineering
Subject code	670
Publishing date	2019-04-29
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Control of larval-pupal-adult molt in the moth Sesamia nonagrioides by juvenile hormone and ecdysteroids.

Pérez-Hedo, Meritxell / Goodman, Walter G / Schafellner, Christa / Martini, Antonio / Sehnal, Frantisek / Eizaguirre, Matilde

Journal of insect physiology

2011 Volume 57, Issue 5, Page(s) 602–607

Abstract: Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae reared under long day (LD; 16L:8D) conditions pupate after 5 or 6 larval instars, whereas under short day (SD; 12L:12D) conditions they undergo up to 12 additional molts before pupating. This extended ... ...

Abstract	Sesamia nonagrioides (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) larvae reared under long day (LD; 16L:8D) conditions pupate after 5 or 6 larval instars, whereas under short day (SD; 12L:12D) conditions they undergo up to 12 additional molts before pupating. This extended period of repeated molting is maintained by high levels of juvenile hormone (JH). Previous work demonstrated that both LD and SD larvae decapitated in the 6th instar pupate but further development is halted. By contrast, about one-third of SD larvae from which only the brain has been removed, undergo first a larval molt, then pupate and subsequently developed to the adult stage. Debrained LD larvae molt to larvae exceptionally but regularly pupate and produce adults. Implanted brains may induce several larval molts in debrained recipient larvae irrespectively of the photoperiodic conditions. The results of present work demonstrate that the prothoracic glands (PGs) and the corpora allata (CA) of debrained larvae continue to produce ecdysteroids and JHs, respectively. PGs are active also in the decapitated larvae that lack JH, consistent with the paradigm that CA, which are absent in the decapitated larvae, are the only source of this hormone. Completion of the pupal-adult transformation in both LD and SD debrained insects demonstrates that brain is not crucial for the development of S. nonagrioides but is required for diapause maintenance. Application of JH to headless pupae induces molting, presumably by activating their PGs. It is likely that JH plays this role also in the induction of pupal-adult transformation in debrained insects. Application of the ecdysteroid agonist RH 2485 (methoxyfenozide) to headless pupae also elicits molting: newly secreted cuticle is in some cases thin and indifferent, in other cases it bears distinct pupal or adult features.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Brain/metabolism ; Corpora Allata/drug effects ; Corpora Allata/metabolism ; Ecdysteroids/agonists ; Ecdysteroids/blood ; Ecdysteroids/metabolism ; Endocrine Glands/drug effects ; Endocrine Glands/metabolism ; Hydrazines/blood ; Hydrazines/metabolism ; Juvenile Hormones/blood ; Juvenile Hormones/metabolism ; Larva/drug effects ; Larva/growth & development ; Larva/metabolism ; Molting ; Moths/drug effects ; Moths/growth & development ; Moths/metabolism ; Photoperiod ; Pupa/drug effects ; Pupa/growth & development ; Pupa/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Ecdysteroids ; Hydrazines ; Juvenile Hormones ; methoxyfenozide (62A22651ZX)
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-05
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ISSN	1879-1611
ISSN (online)	1879-1611
DOI	10.1016/j.jinsphys.2011.01.017
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Article: The Influence of Pine Volatile Compounds on the Olfactory Response by Neodiprion sertifer (Geoffroy) Females

Martini, Antonio / Botti, Federico / Galletti, Guido / Bocchini, Paola / Bazzocchi, Giovanni / Baronio, Piero / Burgio, Giovanni

Journal of chemical ecology. 2010 Oct., v. 36, no. 10

2010

Abstract: Females of the pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer (Hymenoptera Diprionidae) usually avoid Pinus pinea trees as host plants. In contrast, this sawfly species is highly attracted by P. sylvestris and P. nigra trees. Here, we investigated which pine volatiles ... ...

Abstract	Females of the pine sawfly Neodiprion sertifer (Hymenoptera Diprionidae) usually avoid Pinus pinea trees as host plants. In contrast, this sawfly species is highly attracted by P. sylvestris and P. nigra trees. Here, we investigated which pine volatiles might mediate this behavior by in situ sampling experiments and olfactometer laboratory tests. Volatiles emitted from P. pinea, P. sylvestris, and P. nigra foliage were sampled by solid-phase microextraction (SPME). Analysis of these volatiles by coupled gaschromatography/mass spectrometry revealed that the relative amounts of the compounds emitted by the three species were significantly different. A discriminant analysis showed that the amounts of limonene and myrcene significantly contributed to the species-specific volatile patterns. Pinus pinea emitted higher relative amounts of limonene than the other pine species. Pinus sylvestris emitted the highest relative amounts of myrcene. When testing the response of N. sertifer females to these pine terpenoids in an olfactometer bioassay, a low amount of limonene was attractive, while a repellent effect was evident when higher amounts were used. The sawfly females showed no significant olfactory response to myrcene. These data suggest that low relative amounts of limonene have a significant function in attracting N. sertifer females, while high amounts might contribute to avoidance of a tree.
Keywords	Neodiprion sertifer ; Pinus pinea ; Pinus sylvestris ; bioassays ; discriminant analysis ; females ; host plants ; leaves ; mass spectrometry ; microextraction ; myrcene ; sawflies ; trees ; volatile compounds
Language	English
Dates of publication	2010-10
Size	p. 1114-1121.
Publisher	Springer-Verlag
Publishing place	New York
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	800130-3
ISSN	1573-1561 ; 0098-0331
ISSN (online)	1573-1561
ISSN	0098-0331
DOI	10.1007/s10886-010-9851-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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