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Article ; Online: Activation of NRF2/HO-1 Pathway by aqueous methanolic leaf extract of Triclisia gilletii and selected identified compounds in Triclisia gilletii, modulates crystal binding genes (CD44/OPN) in Ethane-1,2-diol-induced nephrolithic rats

Olanrewaju Sam Olayeriju / Olusola Olalekan Elekofehinti / Mary Tolulope Olaleye / Akintunde Afolabi Akindahunsi

Phytomedicine Plus, Vol 1, Iss 4, Pp 100066- (2021)

2021

Abstract: Background: Moonseed vine (Triclisia gilletii Staner) a member of the Menispermaceae family, has been previously investigated and reported in our laboratory to exhibit antilithiatic potentials against ethane-1,2-diol induced nephrolithiasis. However, the ...

Abstract	Background: Moonseed vine (Triclisia gilletii Staner) a member of the Menispermaceae family, has been previously investigated and reported in our laboratory to exhibit antilithiatic potentials against ethane-1,2-diol induced nephrolithiasis. However, the mechanism underlying its action is not clear. Purpose: Mechanism of action of aqueous methanolic leaf extact of Triclisia gilletii (TGAMLE 100 mg/kg) in comparison with compounds identified in TGAMLE (Quercetin (20 mg/kg), oleanolic acid (10 mg/kg), stigmasterol (20 mg/kg), and sitosterol (20 mg/kg)) was investigated against ethane-1,2-diol administered rats. Methods: The mRNA expression of antioxidant marker genes (nuclear factor erythroid- 2 – related factor- 2 (NRF2) and Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1)) and crystal binding genes (CD44 and osteopontin (OPN)) were assessed using RT-PCR. Results: Ethane-1,2-diol administration down-regulated antioxidant marker genes (NRF2 and HO-1) and up-regulated mRNA expression of CD44 with no significant difference in OPN when compared with control. TGAMLE and its derived compounds significantly activated the NRF2/HO-1 pathway by up-regulating its expression and modify crystal binding molecules (CD44/OPN). Overall, the additive effects of the compounds present in the extract revealed a better efficacy in attenuating NRF2/HO-1 pathway as well as the expression of crystal binding molecules. Conclusion: The present study concludes the nephro-protective effect and underlying mechanism of TGAMLE against ethane-1,2-diol exposed rats and suggests that TGAMLE or compounds in TGAMLE could be an alternative agent against kidney stones.
Keywords	Antilithiatic ; NRF2/HO-1 Pathway ; Triclisia gilletii ; ethane-1,2-diol ; Nephrolithiasis ; Crystal binding genes ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Subject code	570
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Effect of extraction technique, solvent polarity, and plant matrix on the antioxidant properties of Chrysophyllum albidum G. Don (African Star Apple)

Afolabi C. Akinmoladun / Olubusola Elizabeth Falaiye / Olubukola Benedicta Ojo / Abimbola Adeoti / Zainab Abiola Amoo / Mary Tolulope Olaleye

Bulletin of the National Research Centre, Vol 46, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background Chrysophyllum albidum is a well-known medicinal plant in Africa and has many medicinal properties. This study investigated the effect of sonication, solvent polarity (acetone and ethanol), and plant matrix (bark and seeds) on the ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Chrysophyllum albidum is a well-known medicinal plant in Africa and has many medicinal properties. This study investigated the effect of sonication, solvent polarity (acetone and ethanol), and plant matrix (bark and seeds) on the antioxidant property of C. albidum. The bark of C. albidum was subjected to sonication and soaking with acetone to evaluate the effect of sonication on the antioxidant property, and C. albidum bark and seeds were subjected to ultrasonic-assisted extraction of acetone and ethanol to evaluate the effect of solvents and plant matrix on the antioxidant property of C. albidum. The phytochemical composition, total flavonoid content, total antioxidant activity, total phenol content, lipid peroxidation (LPO) inhibition activity, nitric oxide, and 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radicals scavenging activities were evaluated in all extracts. Results Sonication increased the percentage yield of extracts compared to maceration. Flavonoids and terpenoids were present, while saponins were absent in all extracts evaluated. Ultrasound-assisted extraction increased C. albidum antioxidant property compared to maceration. Ethanol was the most suitable solvent for C. albidum bark, while acetone was the most suitable solvent for C. albidum seeds. C. albidum bark extracts were most active as free radical scavengers, while the seed extracts were most active as inhibitors of lipid peroxidation. Conclusions Extraction technique, extraction solvent, and plant matrix significantly affect the antioxidant properties of C. albidum. This study indicates that the selection of an effective extraction process for medicinal plants depends on the phytochemical compound responsible for the biological activity of interest.
Keywords	Sonication ; Ultrasound-assisted extraction ; Chrysophyllum albidum ; Antioxidant properties ; Plant material ; Extraction solvent ; Science ; Q
Subject code	660
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Impact of highly active antiretroviral drug therapy (HAART) on biochemical, hematologic, atherogenic and anthropometric profiles of human immunodeficiency virus patients at a tertiary hospital in Owo, Nigeria

Success E. A. Ademuyiwa / Ibrahim Olabayode Saliu / Busuyi Kolade Akinola / Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun / Mary Tolulope Olaleye / Adewole I. Ademuyiwa / Afolabi Akintunde Akindahunsi

Bulletin of the National Research Centre, Vol 46, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 9

Abstract: Abstract Background Highly active antiretroviral drug therapy (HAART) remains the only officially available option for the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at designated medical institutions in Nigeria. This study investigated ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Highly active antiretroviral drug therapy (HAART) remains the only officially available option for the management of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection at designated medical institutions in Nigeria. This study investigated the impact of HAART on glucose level, lipid profile, blood parameters and growth indices of HIV-infected patients at a tertiary health center in Nigeria. Biochemical and hematologic indices were determined in HIV patients on HAART at the Federal Medical Centre (FMC), Owo, Nigeria. Plasma glucose and lipid profile were biochemically determined in 140 age-matched individuals divided into three groups: Group I (n = 70) comprised seventy clinically diagnosed and laboratory-confirmed HIV-positive patients before receiving HAART (HIV-positive group); Group II (n = 70) comprised the same set of HIV-positive patients who had received HAART for 1 year (HAART group); and Group III (n = 70) comprised healthy controlled subjects who proved HIV-negative (HIV-negative group). Growth indices were used to monitor the changes in immune response (white blood cell counts) of the HIV-infected patients. Results HAART ameliorated reduced body mass index and disorder in white blood cell counts but not dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia caused by HIV infection. Results confirmed the effectiveness of HAART in preventing the development of full-blown acquired immune deficiency syndrome in HIV-positive patients. However, increases in cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels coupled with increased atherogenic index occasioned by HAART portend the risk of cardiovascular disease. Conclusions HIV infection has a negative impact on the anthropometric, hematologic and biochemical indices of patients. Although HAART is helpful to improve anthropometric and hematological indicators, there is a need to improve drug regimens to reduce or eliminate undesirable metabolic complications.
Keywords	Antiretrovirals ; Blood glucose ; BMI ; Cardiovascular risk ; HIV/AIDS ; Lymphocytes ; Science ; Q
Subject code	616 ; 610
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SpringerOpen
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Spondias mombin leaf extract ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced cardiohepatorenal oxidative stress in rats

Olubukola Benedicta Ojo / Grace Boluwatife Olagunju / Abigail Oladunni Olajide / Muyiwa Emmanuel Jegede / Adewale Stephen Fakorede / Olamide Olajusi Crown / Mary Tolulope Olaleye / Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun

Phytomedicine Plus, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 100196- (2022)

2022

Abstract: Background: Stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent type of stroke and it is characterized by increased oxidative stress and other pathophysiological processes resulting from the ... ...

Abstract	Background: Stroke remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Ischemic stroke is the most prevalent type of stroke and it is characterized by increased oxidative stress and other pathophysiological processes resulting from the reduction of blood flow to the brain. Medicinal plants have been reported to protect against oxidative stress and possess therapeutic potential for the management of stroke. In particular, Spondias mombin leaf extracts have been reported to possess antioxidant and neuroprotective properties. However, the ability of Spondias mombin leaf extract to protect distant organs against ischemicstroke mediated oxidative stress is not yet established. This study therefore evaluated the protective effects of Spondias mombin leaf extract (SML) on bilateral common carotid artery occlusion/reperfusion (BCCAO/R) ischemicstroke model-induced cardiac, hepatic, and renal oxidative stress in rats. Method: Male Wistar rats underwent 30 min of BCCAO and 24 h of reperfusion. Some groups of animals were post-treated with SML (25–100 mg/kg) or quercetin (20 mg/kg). Markers of oxidative stress were evaluated in the heart, liver, and kidney of the experimental animals. Results: BCCAO/R significantly (p < 0.0001) induced oxidative stress in the heart, liver, and kidney of rats. This was reflected in decreased superoxide dismutase activity and reduced glutathione level. Also, there was increased lipid peroxidation, elevated nitric oxide level, and increased activity of myeloperoxidase. Post-treatment with SML significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated BCCAO/R-induced oxidative stress in all the organs. Conclusions: Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion significantly induced oxidative stress in the heart, liver, and kidney of rats and Spondias mombin leaf extract showed appreciable therapeutic potential against post-stroke cardiohepatorenal oxidative damage.
Keywords	Cerebral ischemia ; Oxidative stress ; Spondias mombin ; Cardioprotective ; Hepatoprotective ; Nephroprotective ; Other systems of medicine ; RZ201-999
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The para isomer of dinitrobenzene disrupts redox homeostasis in liver and kidney of male wistar rats

Janet Olayemi Sangodele / Mary Tolulope Olaleye / Thomas K. Monsees / Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun

Biochemistry and Biophysics Reports, Vol 10, Iss C, Pp 297-

2017 Volume 302

Abstract: Background: Para-Dinitrobenzene (p-DNB) is one of the isomers of dinitrobenzene which have been detected as environmental toxicants. Skin irritation and organ toxicities are likely for industrial workers exposed to p-DNB. This study evaluated the effect ... ...

Abstract	Background: Para-Dinitrobenzene (p-DNB) is one of the isomers of dinitrobenzene which have been detected as environmental toxicants. Skin irritation and organ toxicities are likely for industrial workers exposed to p-DNB. This study evaluated the effect of sub-chronic exposure of rats to p-DNB on cellular redox balance, hepatic and renal integrity. Methods: Forty eight male Wistar rats weighing 160–180 g were administered 50, 75, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg b.wt (body weight) of p-DNB or an equivalent volume of vehicle (control) orally and topically for 14 days. After the period of treatment, the activities of kidney and liver catalase (CAT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) as well as extent of renal and hepatic lipid peroxidation (LPO) were determined. Serum ALP activity and plasma urea concentration were also evaluated. Results: Compared with control animals, p-DNB -administered rats showed decrease in the body and relative kidney and liver weights as well as increased renal and hepatic hydrogen peroxide and lipid peroxidation levels accompanied by decreased superoxide dismutase and catalase activities. However, p-DNB caused a significant increase in plasma urea concentration and serum, liver and kidney ALP activities relative to control. In addition, p-DNB caused periportal infiltration, severe macro vesicular steatosis and hepatic necrosis in the liver. Conclusions: Our findings show that sub-chronic oral and sub-dermal administration of p-DNB may produce hepato-nephrotoxicity through oxidative stress.
Keywords	Environmental toxicants ; Kidney ; Liver ; p‐DNB ; Oxidative stress ; Sub-dermal ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Biochemistry ; QD415-436
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Toxicological Assessment and Ameliorative Effects of Parinari curatellifolia Alkaloids on Triton-Induced Hyperlipidemia and Atherogenicity in Rats

Manuwa, Titilope Ruth / Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun / Olamide Olajusi Crown / Kayode Komolafe / Mary Tolulope Olaleye

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India, Section B: biological sciences. 2017 June, v. 87, no. 2

2017

Abstract: In the present study, toxicity of the alkaloid extract and crude methanol extract of Parinari curatellifolia seeds and their anti-hyperlipidemic effect in Triton X-1339 intoxicated rats were investigated. Triton (200Â mg/kg i.p)-induced hyperlipidemic ... ...

Abstract	In the present study, toxicity of the alkaloid extract and crude methanol extract of Parinari curatellifolia seeds and their anti-hyperlipidemic effect in Triton X-1339 intoxicated rats were investigated. Triton (200Â mg/kg i.p)-induced hyperlipidemic rats were treated with nicotinic acid (500Â mg/kg), alkaloid extract (15Â mg/kg) or crude extract (150Â mg/kg) by gavage for 10Â days following which biochemical and histological analyses were carried out on heart, aorta and sera of the animals. Administration of triton led to increased levels of total cholesterol and triglycerides, low/very low density lipoproteins, and promoted cardiac oxidative stress. In addition, high density lipoprotein level was decreased while coronary and atherogenic risk indices were increased. The alkaloid extract (15Â mg/kg) and crude methanol extract (150Â mg/kg) significantly (PÂ <Â 0.001) salvaged triton-induced effects on cardiac antioxidant status, total cholesterol (41 and 36Â %), triglyceride (53 and 42Â %), low density lipoprotein (80 and 79Â %), very low density lipoprotein (53 and 41Â %), high density lipoprotein (50 and 166Â %), coronary risk index (97 and 86Â %) and atherogenic risk index (90 and 94Â %) as comparable to the reference compound, nicotinic acid. In addition, improved heart and aortic histological architecture were observed in rats treated with both extracts. The present results revealed the antihyperlipidemic, antiatherogenic and antioxidant effects of P. curatellifolia alkaloids in triton-induced hyperlipidemic rats and indicate their potential usefulness as a source of hypolipidemic and anti-atherogenic drugs.
Keywords	Parinari curatellifolia ; alkaloids ; antioxidant activity ; antioxidants ; aorta ; cholesterol ; drugs ; heart ; high density lipoprotein ; histology ; hyperlipidemia ; low density lipoprotein ; methanol ; niacin ; oxidative stress ; plant extracts ; rats ; risk ; seeds ; toxicity ; toxicity testing ; triacylglycerols ; very low density lipoprotein
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-06
Size	p. 611-623.
Publishing place	Springer India
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2707745-7
ISSN	2250-1746 ; 0369-8211
ISSN (online)	2250-1746
ISSN	0369-8211
DOI	10.1007/s40011-015-0630-x
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Antioxidant activity and protective effects of cocoa and kola nut mistletoe (Globimetula cupulata) against ischemia/reperfusion injury in Langendorff-perfused rat hearts

Akinmoladun, Afolabi Clement / Joan Ogundele / Johnson Akintunde Olowe / Kayode Komolafe / Mary Tolulope Olaleye

Yàowù shípǐn fēnxī. 2016 Apr., v. 24, no. 2

2016

Abstract: Protection against cardiomyocyte damage following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is highly desirable in patients with ischemic heart disease. Hydromethanol extracts of Globimetula cupulata (mistletoe) growing on cocoa (CGCE) and kola nut (KGCE) trees ... ...

Abstract	Protection against cardiomyocyte damage following ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is highly desirable in patients with ischemic heart disease. Hydromethanol extracts of Globimetula cupulata (mistletoe) growing on cocoa (CGCE) and kola nut (KGCE) trees were assessed for antioxidant content and cardioprotective potential against I/R. Graded concentrations (1–50 μg/mL) of CGCE or KGCE were tested on Langendorff-perfused rat hearts to evaluate the effects on the flow rate, heart rate, and force of cardiac contraction, while another set of hearts were subjected to biochemical analyses. Both extracts showed good antioxidant content and activity, but KGCE (EC50: 24.8±1.8 μg/mL) showed higher hydroxyl radical scavenging activity than CGCE (70.2±4.5 μg/mL). Both extracts at 3 μg/mL reversed (p < 0.001) membrane peroxidation and the significant decrease in nitrite level, coronary flow rate, and superoxide dismutase and catalase activity caused by the I/R cycle. It is concluded that G. cupulata protects against ischemia–reperfusion injury in rat hearts via augmenting endogenous antioxidants and significant restoration of altered hemodynamic parameters.
Keywords	antioxidant activity ; cardiomyocytes ; catalase ; drugs ; heart rate ; hydroxyl radicals ; kola nuts ; median effective concentration ; myocardial ischemia ; nitrites ; patients ; peroxidation ; protective effect ; rats ; Santalales ; superoxide dismutase ; trees
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-04
Size	p. 417-426.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1292535-4
ISSN	1021-9498
ISSN	1021-9498
DOI	10.1016/j.jfda.2015.10.007
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Mobola plum seed methanolic extracts exhibit mixed type inhibition of angiotensin â… -converting enzyme inÂ vitro

Olamide Olajusi Crown / Olanrewaju Sam Olayeriju / Ayodele Oluwaseyi Kolawole / Afolabi Clement Akinmoladun / Mary Tolulope Olaleye / Afolabi Akintunde Akindahunsi

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine, Vol 7, Iss 12, Pp 1079-

2017 Volume 1084

Abstract: Objective: To explore the possible inhibitory potentials and mechanism by Mobola plum (Parinari curatellifolia) seeds crude methanol (CE) and flavonoid-rich (FE) extracts on angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE â… ). Methods: The sensitivity and kinetic ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To explore the possible inhibitory potentials and mechanism by Mobola plum (Parinari curatellifolia) seeds crude methanol (CE) and flavonoid-rich (FE) extracts on angiotensin-1-converting enzyme (ACE â… ). Methods: The sensitivity and kinetic model of inhibition of CE and FE on ACE â… using N-[3-(2-furyl)-acryloyl]-Phe-Gly-Gly as enzyme substrate for ACE â… was evaluated by Michealis Menten approach. The inhibition mechanism was explored from LineweaverâBurk model and IC50 was determined from ChengâPrusoff empirical analysis. Results: The IC50 of CE and FE were 13.54 and 39.38Â Î¼g/mL, respectively. Both extracts exhibited mixed type inhibition with the inhibitory constant (Ki) of CE was between 0.38 and 0.37Â Î¼g/mL while that of FE showed a two-fold increase (1.62Â Î¼g/mL and 0.28Â Î¼g/mL). FE on ACE â… demonstrated positive cooperativity with a Hill's coefficient of 1.89. Conclusions: The study reveals the superior ACE â… inhibitory potential of CE over FE and suggest that mixed inhibition pattern of the enzyme might be the underlying mechanism of antihypertensive activity. Keywords: Angiotensin converting enzyme, Blood pressure, FAPGG, Mixed type inhibition, Parinari curatellifolia
Keywords	Arctic medicine. Tropical medicine ; RC955-962 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	571
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Amino acid composition, mineral contents and protein solubility of some lima bean (Phaseolus lunatus l. Walp) seeds coat

Seidu, Kudirat Titilope / Oluwatooyin Faramade Osundahunsi / Mary Tolulope Olaleye / Isaac Babatunde Oluwalana

Food research international. 2015 July, v. 73

2015

Abstract: Seeds coat of four lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) varieties were subjected to standard analytical techniques in order to evaluate proximate, amino acid, mineral composition and protein solubility. The proximate analysis indicates moisture content in the ... ...

Abstract	Seeds coat of four lima beans (Phaseolus lunatus) varieties were subjected to standard analytical techniques in order to evaluate proximate, amino acid, mineral composition and protein solubility. The proximate analysis indicates moisture content in the range of (3.17â4.96%), crude protein (14.53â15.93%), fat (0.62â0.74%), crude fibre (32.59â33.59%), ash (2.43â3.88%), and carbohydrate (47.11â48.62%) on dry weight basis. The most abundant mineral element in the studied seeds coat was potassium 361.20â459.51mg/100g followed by sodium 71.27â102.51mg/100g and magnesium 83.20â95.23mg/100g. Calcium, phosphorus, iron and zinc were also present in significant amount while lead, cobalt and nickel were not detected. The amino acid profile demonstrates nutritionally acceptable results for the samples due to the high levels of essential amino acids in g/100g protein such as lysine 6.42â7.41, leucine 7.51â8.37, arginine 4.42â7.02 and phenylalanine 5.01â5.49; when compared with FAO/WHO standard; with essential amino acids (TEAA) 49.47â51.07g/100g protein. Glutamic and aspartic acid were the most abundant amino acid in all the samples. The protein solubility profiles showed minimum values at pH 4 and more than 70% soluble at pH 10. The study has shown the potentials of lima bean seeds coat, an agro by-products in the development of new functional ingredients for food enrichment to provide an economic alternative raw material for food industries.
Keywords	Food and Agriculture Organization ; Phaseolus lunatus ; World Health Organization ; amino acid composition ; analytical methods ; arginine ; aspartic acid ; byproducts ; calcium ; cobalt ; crude fiber ; crude protein ; essential amino acids ; food enrichment ; food industry ; functional foods ; iron ; lead ; leucine ; lima beans ; lysine ; magnesium ; mineral content ; nickel ; pH ; phenylalanine ; phosphorus ; potassium ; protein solubility ; proximate composition ; raw materials ; seeds ; sodium ; water content ; zinc
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-07
Size	p. 130-134.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1111695-x
ISSN	1873-7145 ; 0963-9969
ISSN (online)	1873-7145
ISSN	0963-9969
DOI	10.1016/j.foodres.2015.03.034
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Ethylacetate extract of red onion (Allium cepa L.) tunic affects hemodynamic parameters in rats

Olayeriju, Olanrewaju Sam / Akintunde Afolabi Akindahunsi / Aline Augusti Boligon / Kayode Komolafe / Margareth Linde Athayde / Mary Tolulope Olaleye / Olamide Olajusi Crown

Beijing Academy of Food Sciences Food science and human wellness. 2015 Sept., v. 4, no. 3

2015

Abstract: The effects of ethylacetate extract of red onion (Allium cepa) tunic (ACTE) on some hemodynamic and biochemical parameters were evaluated in normotensive albino rats. Blood pressure parameters were determined in anaesthetized rats orally administered ... ...

Abstract	The effects of ethylacetate extract of red onion (Allium cepa) tunic (ACTE) on some hemodynamic and biochemical parameters were evaluated in normotensive albino rats. Blood pressure parameters were determined in anaesthetized rats orally administered ACTE (10-, 20-, or 40mg/kg) or ramipril (1mg/kg) once daily for 14 days. Respectively, 10-, 20-, or 40mg/kg ACTE produced significant (P<0.01), dose-dependent fall in systolic blood pressure, SBP (21%, 27%, 33%), diastolic blood pressure, DBP (6%, 10%, 16%), pulse pressure, PP (42%, 49%, 56%), mean arterial blood pressure, MAPB (13%, 18%, 23%) and heart rate, HR (4%, 5%, 7%). The highest effective dose (40mg/kg) compared well with ramipril (1mg/kg) with regards to SBP (41%), DBP (19%), PP (70%), MABP (29%) and HR (10%). Similar trends (decreases) were recorded for 40mg/kg ACTE and ramipril, respectively, as regards the activities of serum enzymes: creatine kinase (60% and 65%), ALT (18% and 14%) and ALP (28% and 16%). HPLC fingerprints of the flavonoid-rich ACTE revealed that flavonols: quercetin, quercitrin, isoquercitrin, rutin and kaempferol are the active flavonoids. The results demonstrate the hypotensive effect of A. cepa tunic flavonoids initiating further investigation of their individual or synergistic contribution(s) to the observed effects.
Keywords	alanine transaminase ; albino ; Allium cepa ; antihypertensive effect ; blood serum ; creatine kinase ; diastolic blood pressure ; dose response ; ethyl acetate ; food science ; heart rate ; high performance liquid chromatography ; humans ; isoquercitrin ; kaempferol ; onions ; oral administration ; quercetin ; quercitrin ; rats ; rutin ; systolic blood pressure
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-09
Size	p. 115-122.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2712869-6
ISSN	2213-4530
ISSN	2213-4530
DOI	10.1016/j.fshw.2015.07.002
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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