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  1. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence and associated risk factors for bovine leptospirosis in Egypt.

    Selim, Abdelfattah / Marzok, Mohamed / Gattan, Hattan S / Abdelhady, Abdelhamed / Salem, Mohamed / Hereba, Abdelrahman M

    Scientific reports

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 1, Page(s) 4645

    Abstract: Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of ... ...

    Abstract Leptospirosis is caused by pathogenic bacteria of the genus Leptospira and is one of causative agents of reproductive problems leading to negative economic impact on bovine worldwide. The goal of this study was to investigate the seroprevalence of Leptospira spp. in cattle in some governorates of Egypt's Nile Delta and assess the risk factors for infection. A total of 410 serum samples were collected from cattle and examined using microscopic agglutination test. The overall seroprevalence was 10.2% and the most prevalent serovars were Icterohaemorrhagiae, Pomona and Canicola. In addition, the potential risk factors were associated Leptospira spp. infection were age, herd size, history of abortion, presence of dogs and rodent control. Thus, leptospirosis is common in dairy cattle in the Nile Delta and  the presence of rodents in feed and dog-accessible pastures increases the risk of Leptospira spp. infection among animals.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Animals ; Cattle ; Dogs ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Cattle Diseases/microbiology ; Leptospirosis/epidemiology ; Leptospirosis/veterinary ; Leptospirosis/microbiology ; Leptospira ; Risk Factors ; Antibodies, Bacterial
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Bacterial
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-024-54882-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Prevalence and potential risk factors for Cryptosporidium spp. infection in horses from Egypt.

    Alruhaili, Mohammed H / Marzok, Mohamed / Gattan, Hattan S / Salem, Mohamed / Kandeel, Mahmoud / Selim, Abdelfattah

    Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases

    2024  Volume 106, Page(s) 102140

    Abstract: Cryptosporidium is an intestinal protozoan that cause diarrhea in livestock all over the world and have zoonotic importance. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in horses in Egypt and evaluate the associated risk ... ...

    Abstract Cryptosporidium is an intestinal protozoan that cause diarrhea in livestock all over the world and have zoonotic importance. The present study aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in horses in Egypt and evaluate the associated risk factors. A total of 420 fecal samples were collected from three governorates (Giza, Kafr ElSheikh and Qalyubia) and examined microscopically using Ziehl-Neelsen staining method. The overall prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. was 29% and Kafr ElSheikh governorate had the highest rate in comparison to other areas. The prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in examined horses had significant association with sex, age, type of management, absence of bedding and presence of dogs. The higher prevalence rate was observed in females (32.2%), age group less than two years (43.2%), mixed (grazing and stable) horses (36.1%), animals had history of diarrhea (33%), absence of bedding (35.1%) and contact with dogs (35.7%). These findings give baseline data for further research. It is necessary to establish control strategy for Cryptosporidium spp. infection in order to lower the risk of infection in animals and human.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Animals ; Humans ; Dogs ; Horses ; Child, Preschool ; Cryptosporidiosis/epidemiology ; Cryptosporidium ; Prevalence ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Feces ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Diarrhea/veterinary ; Livestock
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 436522-7
    ISSN 1878-1667 ; 0147-9571
    ISSN (online) 1878-1667
    ISSN 0147-9571
    DOI 10.1016/j.cimid.2024.102140
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence and risk factors for Neospora spp. infection in equine in Egypt.

    Alshammari, Ayed / Gattan, Hattan S / Marzok, Mohamed / Selim, Abdelfattah

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 20242

    Abstract: Neospora infections in equine are associated with reproductive disorders and neurological diseases. Nevertheless, Egypt has no epidemiological information on this parasite in equine. This study determined the prevalence of Neospora spp. infection in 325 ... ...

    Abstract Neospora infections in equine are associated with reproductive disorders and neurological diseases. Nevertheless, Egypt has no epidemiological information on this parasite in equine. This study determined the prevalence of Neospora spp. infection in 325 equines from three Egyptian governorates located at Northern Egypt using cELISA. The prevalence of antibodies against Neospora spp. was 19% (95% CI: 14.09-25.05) in horse, 34.1% (95%CI: 24.92-44.69) in donkey and 26.7% (95% CI: 15.97-41.04) in mule. In comparison to horse, donkey had a considerably higher chance of contracting Neospora spp. infection (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 0.78-4.13; P = 0.016). The risk was also higher in freely grazing animals (OR = 3.49, 95% CI: 0.95-12.78; P = 0.059). Moreover, yearling animals (12-24 months) (OR = 5.03, 95% CI: 1.51-16.80; P = 0.009) and those with natural breeding (OR = 11.80, 95% CI: 3.24-42.99, P < 0.0001) and a history of early abortion (OR = 7.04, 95% CI: 3.01-16.47; P < 0.0001) also showed a greater risk of seropositivity. The risk of Neospora infection increased significantly in equines contacted with dogs (OR = 5.16, 95% CI: 1.76-15.10; P = 0.003). This the first serological study to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora spp. in equine in Egypt. Further studies are necessary to identify the species of Neospora and to understand the role of above-mentioned risk factors in spreading of infection.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Pregnancy ; Horses ; Animals ; Dogs ; Neospora ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Equidae
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-47601-y
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Serosurvey and associated risk factors for Chlamydia abortus infection in cattle from Egypt.

    Marzok, Mohamed / Hereba, Abdelrahman M / Kandeel, Mahmoud / Selim, Abdelfattah

    Comparative immunology, microbiology and infectious diseases

    2023  Volume 96, Page(s) 101972

    Abstract: Chlamydia abortus is an important gram-negative pathogen poses serious public health problem in human and reproductive disorders in animals. There are very few data on the prevalence of C. abortus in cattle and none on the associated risk factors for ... ...

    Abstract Chlamydia abortus is an important gram-negative pathogen poses serious public health problem in human and reproductive disorders in animals. There are very few data on the prevalence of C. abortus in cattle and none on the associated risk factors for infection in cattle in earlier literature. Therefore, the objective of the current study was to evaluate the risk factors and seropositivity of C. abortus infection in cattle. In northern Egypt, 400 cattle from five governorates were examined using indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in a cross-sectional study. The results revealed that the overall prevalence for C. abortus in cattle was 20.75 % and the highest level was observed in Gharbia 26.67 % while the lowest rate was found in Menofia governorate 15.38 %. The age, herd size, application of disinfection and history of abortion or stillbirth had significant association with prevalence of C. abortus infection by univariate analysis. In addition, Cattle above the age of 4 years, a median herd size of 10-50, the absence of disinfectant application, a history of stillbirth, and a history of abortion were all found as risk factors for C. abortus infection using multivariable logistic regression. These findings could be used to establish effective management strategies to prevent and control C. abortus infection in cattle and lower the risk of C. abortus infection in cattle in Egypt.
    MeSH term(s) Pregnancy ; Female ; Humans ; Cattle ; Animals ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Stillbirth/veterinary ; Chlamydia Infections/epidemiology ; Chlamydia Infections/veterinary ; Risk Factors ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay/veterinary ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 436522-7
    ISSN 1878-1667 ; 0147-9571
    ISSN (online) 1878-1667
    ISSN 0147-9571
    DOI 10.1016/j.cimid.2023.101972
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Comparing the anti‐nociceptive, sedative and clinicophysiological effects of epidural detomidine, detomidine–lidocaine and lidocaine in donkeys

    Marzok, Mohamed / Almubarak, Adel I. / Kandeel, Mahmoud / El‐Khodery, Sabry

    Veterinary Record. 2023 May 20, v. 192, no. 10 p.e2479-

    2023  

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Epidural analgesia using the alpha‐2 agonist detomidine (DE), alone or in combination with lidocaine (LD), is frequently employed for standing surgical procedures in horses, but its use has not been evaluated in donkeys. METHODS: In a ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Epidural analgesia using the alpha‐2 agonist detomidine (DE), alone or in combination with lidocaine (LD), is frequently employed for standing surgical procedures in horses, but its use has not been evaluated in donkeys. METHODS: In a randomised controlled prospective trial, 24 healthy adult donkeys were assigned to four groups (n = 6), each receiving 40 μg/kg of DE, 0.22 mg/kg of LD, combined DE and LD (DELD) or 0.9% sterile normal saline epidurally. After epidural injection of each treatment, the onset, degree and duration of sedation and anatomical extension of anti‐nociception were observed. RESULTS: DE and DELD treatments resulted in complete bilateral analgesia with loss of sensation in the tail, perineum, inguinal area, chest and the caudal aspect of the upper pelvic limb, and extended distally to the dorsal metatarsal area. DE and DELD resulted in a significantly (p < 0.05) longer duration of anti‐nociception (110 ± 15.4 min and 141.6 ± 14.7 min, respectively) than LD (75.8 ± 4.9 min). The DELD duration of sedation was significantly (p < 0.05) longer than the DE duration (118.3 ± 19.4 min and 108.3 ± 7.5 min, respectively). LIMITATION: The current study's main limitation is using only one dose of DE. CONCLUSION: DE and DELD produced a very effective, safe and acceptable sedative and analgesic effect in the perineal and inguinal regions of donkeys.
    Keywords adults ; agonists ; analgesia ; analgesic effect ; chest ; detomidine ; lidocaine ; pelvis ; perineum ; sedation ; sensation ; tail
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2023-0520
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Note JOURNAL ARTICLE
    ZDB-ID 390015-0
    ISSN 2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
    ISSN (online) 2042-7670
    ISSN 0042-4900
    DOI 10.1002/vetr.2479
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Introducing a novel intraoral mandibular nerve block technique for loco-regional analgesia in camels (Camelus dromedarius): a cadaveric study using computed tomography.

    Marzok, Mohamed / Nazih, Mohamed A / Almubarak, Adel I / Al Mohamad, Zakriya / Emam, Ibrahim A / El-Sherif, Mohamed W

    BMC veterinary research

    2024  Volume 20, Issue 1, Page(s) 42

    Abstract: The aim of this study was to introduce a novel intraoral technique for performing mandibular nerve blocks in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). In this study, 18 adult camel skulls of varying ages and breeds were examined to determine the position ... ...

    Abstract The aim of this study was to introduce a novel intraoral technique for performing mandibular nerve blocks in dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). In this study, 18 adult camel skulls of varying ages and breeds were examined to determine the position of the mandibular foramen. Using a Vernier caliper, three dimensions in millimeters were measured: (1) the distance between the mandibular foramen (MF) and the caudal edge of the third molar tooth at the occlusal surface level, (2) the distance between the MF and the rostral edge border of the mandible's ramus (RER) at the occlusal surface level, and (3) the distance between the MF and the ventral margin border of the mandible (VM). The technique was evaluated using five intact camel cadaver heads (n = 5), and a total of ten mandibular nerve blocks were described. An 18-gauge 80-mm Tuohy needle was inserted into the mouth commissure and advanced caudally while injecting a saline-methylene blue solution. The accuracy of the injection was confirmed through the infiltration of the contrast dye into the target area using computed tomography (CT) and post procedural dissection. Anatomical study of the mandibular nerve site was performed to aid the blind insertion of the needle. The findings contribute to the development of veterinary anesthesia techniques and provide anatomical considerations for clinicians performing oral surgeries in sedated camels. The results demonstrated the successful implementation of the intraoral technique, highlighting its efficacy and reliability in achieving local anesthesia for oral surgeries involving the lower jaw and teeth in sedated camels. Further research studies are needed to evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of the technique and to compare it with existing approaches.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Camelus ; Reproducibility of Results ; Nerve Block/veterinary ; Mandible/diagnostic imaging ; Mandible/anatomy & histology ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed/veterinary ; Mandibular Nerve/anatomy & histology ; Analgesia/veterinary ; Cadaver
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-03
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2191675-5
    ISSN 1746-6148 ; 1746-6148
    ISSN (online) 1746-6148
    ISSN 1746-6148
    DOI 10.1186/s12917-024-03885-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Comparing the anti-nociceptive, sedative and clinicophysiological effects of epidural detomidine, detomidine-lidocaine and lidocaine in donkeys.

    Marzok, Mohamed / Almubarak, Adel I / Kandeel, Mahmoud / El-Khodery, Sabry

    The Veterinary record

    2022  Volume 192, Issue 10, Page(s) e2479

    Abstract: Background: Epidural analgesia using the alpha-2 agonist detomidine (DE), alone or in combination with lidocaine (LD), is frequently employed for standing surgical procedures in horses, but its use has not been evaluated in donkeys.: Methods: In a ... ...

    Abstract Background: Epidural analgesia using the alpha-2 agonist detomidine (DE), alone or in combination with lidocaine (LD), is frequently employed for standing surgical procedures in horses, but its use has not been evaluated in donkeys.
    Methods: In a randomised controlled prospective trial, 24 healthy adult donkeys were assigned to four groups (n = 6), each receiving 40 μg/kg of DE, 0.22 mg/kg of LD, combined DE and LD (DELD) or 0.9% sterile normal saline epidurally. After epidural injection of each treatment, the onset, degree and duration of sedation and anatomical extension of anti-nociception were observed.
    Results: DE and DELD treatments resulted in complete bilateral analgesia with loss of sensation in the tail, perineum, inguinal area, chest and the caudal aspect of the upper pelvic limb, and extended distally to the dorsal metatarsal area. DE and DELD resulted in a significantly (p < 0.05) longer duration of anti-nociception (110 ± 15.4 min and 141.6 ± 14.7 min, respectively) than LD (75.8 ± 4.9 min). The DELD duration of sedation was significantly (p < 0.05) longer than the DE duration (118.3 ± 19.4 min and 108.3 ± 7.5 min, respectively).
    Limitation: The current study's main limitation is using only one dose of DE.
    Conclusion: DE and DELD produced a very effective, safe and acceptable sedative and analgesic effect in the perineal and inguinal regions of donkeys.
    MeSH term(s) Horses ; Animals ; Equidae/physiology ; Hypnotics and Sedatives ; Lidocaine ; Prospective Studies ; Analgesia, Epidural/veterinary
    Chemical Substances Hypnotics and Sedatives ; detomidine (7N8K34P2XH) ; Lidocaine (98PI200987)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Randomized Controlled Trial, Veterinary ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390015-0
    ISSN 2042-7670 ; 0042-4900
    ISSN (online) 2042-7670
    ISSN 0042-4900
    DOI 10.1002/vetr.2479
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Serosurvey and associated risk factors for Neospora caninum infection in Egyptian water buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis).

    Alshammari, Ayed / Marzok, Mohamed / Gattan, Hattan S / Salem, Mohamed / Al-Jabr, Omar A / Selim, Abdelfattah

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 22788

    Abstract: Neosporosis is a parasitic disease that causes reproductive disorders in animals, making it a barrier to maximum efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum (N. caninum) antibodies in water buffaloes from ...

    Abstract Neosporosis is a parasitic disease that causes reproductive disorders in animals, making it a barrier to maximum efficiency. The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of Neospora caninum (N. caninum) antibodies in water buffaloes from four governorates in northern Egypt. A commercial indirect-ELISA test was used to detect antibodies against N. caninum in the serum of 450 water buffaloes. The total seroprevalence of N. caninum in water buffaloes from Egypt was 31.3%, and the highest prevalence was observed in Gharbia governorate. The identified risk factors for N. caninum infections in water buffaloes were sex (OR = 1.96, 95%CI: 1.22-4.17), buffaloes more than 4 years of age ( OR = 5.80, 95%CI: 2.26-14.86), abortion in second trimester (OR = 16.48, 95%%CI: 2.99-34.03), history of abortion (OR = 3.45, 95%CI: 1.58-7.52) and contact with dogs (OR = 2.55, 95%CI: 1.51-4.32). Thus, more studies are needed to determine the role of buffaloes in the epidemiology of neosporosis in Egypt.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Female ; Pregnancy ; Antibodies, Protozoan ; Buffaloes ; Coccidiosis/epidemiology ; Coccidiosis/veterinary ; Coccidiosis/parasitology ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Neospora ; Risk Factors ; Seroepidemiologic Studies
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Protozoan
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-50087-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection and associated risk factors in calves in Egypt.

    Gattan, Hattan S / Alshammari, Ayed / Marzok, Mohamed / Salem, Mohamed / Al-Jabr, Omar A / Selim, Abdelfattah

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 17755

    Abstract: Cryptosporidium is one of the causative parasitic agents that causes gastrointestinal diseases in calves. The parasite poses a zoonotic risk to immunocompromised individuals and children. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of ... ...

    Abstract Cryptosporidium is one of the causative parasitic agents that causes gastrointestinal diseases in calves. The parasite poses a zoonotic risk to immunocompromised individuals and children. Thus, this study aimed to determine the prevalence of Cryptosporidium infection in calves in three Egyptian governorates situated in Nile Delta and assess the associated risk factors. The Cryptosporidium oocysts were detected in 81 out of 430 calves (18.84%). In addition, the univariant analysis showed that age, feeding source, hygienic status, presence of diarrhea and contact with other animals were significantly (P < 0.05) associated with Cryptosporidium prevalence in calves. Furthermore, the risk factors related with Cryptosporidium prevalence were age (OR 1.96, 95%CI 0.97-3.94), feeding on milk and pasture (OR 2.07, 95%CI 1.15-3.72), poor hygienic condition (OR 2.25, 95%CI 1.28-3.94), presence of diarrhea (OR 2.47, 95%CI 1.23-4.96) and contact with other domestic animals (OR 2.08, 95%CI 1.24-3.50). In addition, the PCR assay targeting 18srRNA showed that the most prevalent species among calves was C. parvum. Although additional researches are required to understand the most effective steps that farmers and veterinary professionals should take to decrease the occurrence of Cryptosporidium infection.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Animals ; Humans ; Cattle ; Cryptosporidiosis/epidemiology ; Cryptosporidiosis/parasitology ; Cryptosporidium/genetics ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Cattle Diseases/parasitology ; Feces/parasitology ; Risk Factors ; Diarrhea/epidemiology ; Diarrhea/veterinary ; Cryptosporidium parvum
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-44434-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Neospora caninum infection in dairy cattle in Egypt: a serosurvey and associated risk factors.

    Selim, Abdelfattah / Alshammari, Ayed / Gattan, Hattan S / Marzok, Mohamed / Salem, Mohamed / Al-Jabr, Omar A

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 15489

    Abstract: Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is one of the causative agents that causing cattle abortion, and severe economic losses. Due to the scarcity of data on N. caninum infection in Egyptian cattle, the purpose of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence ... ...

    Abstract Neospora caninum (N. caninum) is one of the causative agents that causing cattle abortion, and severe economic losses. Due to the scarcity of data on N. caninum infection in Egyptian cattle, the purpose of this study was to estimate the seroprevalence and determine the risk factors for parasite infection. In four governorates in northern Egypt, 540 blood samples from cattle were taken, and tested using a commercial ELISA kit. The overall seroprevalence of N. caninum in examined cattle was 28.89%. A multivariate logistic regression model determined that age (OR = 2.63, P < 0.001), manual milking (OR = 1.39, P = 0.14), abortion history (OR = 2.78, P < 0.0001), repetition of estrus (OR = 2.31, P < 0.0001), and contact with dogs (OR = 2.57, P < 0.0001) were significant risk factors. The findings proved that N. caninum infection was one of the factors contributing to abortion and financial losses in dairy cattle in Egypt. Therefore, the application of sanitary security and control programs is very important in dairy farms.
    MeSH term(s) Female ; Pregnancy ; Cattle ; Animals ; Dogs ; Neospora ; Egypt/epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Coccidiosis/epidemiology ; Coccidiosis/veterinary ; Risk Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-023-42538-8
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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