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  1. Article ; Online: Extension of probability models of the risk of infections by human enteric viruses.

    Masciopinto, Costantino

    Mathematical biosciences and engineering : MBE

    2023  Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) 17499–17519

    Abstract: This study presents a novel approach for obtaining reliable models and coefficients to estimate the probability of infection caused by common human enteric viruses. The aim is to provide guidance for public health policies in disease prevention and ... ...

    Abstract This study presents a novel approach for obtaining reliable models and coefficients to estimate the probability of infection caused by common human enteric viruses. The aim is to provide guidance for public health policies in disease prevention and control, by reducing uncertainty and management costs in health risk assessments. Conventional dose-response (DR) models, based on the theory elaborated by Furumoto and Mickey
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Enterovirus ; Viruses ; Norovirus ; Water Pollution ; Probability
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2265126-3
    ISSN 1551-0018 ; 1551-0018
    ISSN (online) 1551-0018
    ISSN 1551-0018
    DOI 10.3934/mbe.2023777
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Modeling Stygofauna Resilience to the Impact of the Climate Change in the Karstic Groundwaters of South Italy

    Tabilio Di Camillo, Agostina / Masciopinto, Costantino

    Water. 2022 Aug. 31, v. 14, no. 17

    2022  

    Abstract: We predicted the global warming effects on the stygofauna of Murgia–Salento karstic groundwaters in Italy for 2050, which contribute to a biodiversity loss assessment in the climate change context. For quantitative impact estimations, we defined a local ... ...

    Abstract We predicted the global warming effects on the stygofauna of Murgia–Salento karstic groundwaters in Italy for 2050, which contribute to a biodiversity loss assessment in the climate change context. For quantitative impact estimations, we defined a local resilience score (LRS) for sampled species between 2018 and 2021. A resilience model equation of the stygobiont species conservation was obtained from a surface best-fit of the assigned LRS and the corresponding values of independent variables describing the environmental quality of monitored habitats and LRS. The principal components of the correlation between the monitored variables and LRS were obtained via factor analysis. Three-dimensional surface maps of stygofauna species resilience (SSR) were constructed to visualize and quantitatively compare the biodiversity loss of species assemblages owing to environmental and habitat quality modifications. The proposed SSR model was applied to the sampled stygofauna, and the decrease in local species resilience for 2050 was predicted. Independent variable factors were updated for 2050 to consider increases of up to 2 °C and 0.04 mS/cm in groundwater temperature and electric conductance observed for 2021. The SSR model results predicted a high impact on the resilience of Parastenocaris cf. orcina (80%), newly retrieved Crustacea Copepod Cyclopidae gen 1 sp 1, and three other stygobites (~50%). The resilience of Metacyclops stammeri had minor impacts.
    Keywords Cyclopidae ; aquifers ; biodiversity ; climate change ; electrical conductivity ; environmental quality ; equations ; factor analysis ; groundwater ; habitats ; models ; temperature ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-0831
    Publishing place Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2521238-2
    ISSN 2073-4441
    ISSN 2073-4441
    DOI 10.3390/w14172715
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article ; Online: Management of aquifer recharge in Lebanon by removing seawater intrusion from coastal aquifers.

    Masciopinto, Costantino

    Journal of environmental management

    2013  Volume 130, Page(s) 306–312

    Abstract: This study investigates the feasibility of management of aquifer recharge (MAR) in Lebanon by designing well barriers to remove seawater intrusion from the fractured carbonate aquifers. Groundwater flow and saltwater/freshwater 50% sharp interface have ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates the feasibility of management of aquifer recharge (MAR) in Lebanon by designing well barriers to remove seawater intrusion from the fractured carbonate aquifers. Groundwater flow and saltwater/freshwater 50% sharp interface have been modeled along the coastal area using the Ghyben-Herzberg theory. The groundwater flow simulations have been supported by field transmissivity estimations and depth measurements carried out on 44 wells during 2003. Results have shown the seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers at Jieh and Damour regions. Three well-injection barriers have been proposed. The water volumes for recharge and the barrier positions have been defined by means of groundwater flow simulations. MAR can provide a valuable contribution to colloid (even pathogen) removal from injectant water, although during water infiltration in subsoil the reduction of aquifer permeability causes clogging. A simple new model for estimating the soil-rock permeability reduction due to the well clogging has been presented. The MAR, including the soil aquifer treatment at Damour and Jieh regions, has been studied by considering aquifer transmissivity (and soil porosity) reduction caused by clogging. Furthermore, the appropriate mixing of the injectant water by using reclaimed water, groundwater and surface water can be simulated using the proposed models. The time required to achieve 5% of rock permeability reduction at the proposed well barriers ranged from 71 to 935 d, by changing water quality and flow rate for recharge. This study can assist regional governments with water management in areas affected by scarcity of freshwater by implementing appropriate well-barrier projects.
    MeSH term(s) Groundwater/chemistry ; Lebanon ; Models, Theoretical ; Seawater ; Water Movements ; Water Quality
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-11-30
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.021
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Mass-transfer impact on solute mobility in porous media: A new mobile-immobile model.

    Masciopinto, Costantino / Passarella, Giuseppe

    Journal of contaminant hydrology

    2018  Volume 215, Page(s) 21–28

    Abstract: The theory for modeling non-equilibrium solute transport in porous media is still based on approximations to a model proposed by Lapidus and Amundson in 1952 that has not been updated. This Mobile-Immobile Model (MIM) is based on the definition of a mass- ...

    Abstract The theory for modeling non-equilibrium solute transport in porous media is still based on approximations to a model proposed by Lapidus and Amundson in 1952 that has not been updated. This Mobile-Immobile Model (MIM) is based on the definition of a mass-transfer coefficient (α), which has been proven subject to some severe limitations. Measurements at both laboratory and field scales have demonstrated the scale-dependency of α values. This means that the MIM theory fails in real applications, since α is not constant, as defined in the kinetic model theory, but is a time-residence (or distance) dependent coefficient. Multi-rate mass-transfer models have been proposed in recent literature to capture real-world solute transport with a multiple mass transfer. In this study, we propose a novel model, which implements the analytical solution of Fick's second law of diffusion directly in the nonequilibrium advection/dispersion equation of solute transport in porous media. New model solutions properly fitted data collected during tracer tests carried out at the CNR-IRSA Laboratory (Bari, Italy) in a horizontal sandbox, 2 m of length, by using sodium chloride as the conservative tracer. Selected breakthrough curves at specific positions were used to validate the proposed model solution and estimate both conventional and proposed coefficients of mass transfer. Results have shown a decreasing trend of α from 0.09 to 0.04 h
    MeSH term(s) Diffusion ; Filtration ; Groundwater ; Italy ; Kinetics ; Models, Theoretical ; Porosity ; Solutions ; Water Movements
    Chemical Substances Solutions
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-30
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1494766-3
    ISSN 1873-6009 ; 0169-7722
    ISSN (online) 1873-6009
    ISSN 0169-7722
    DOI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.06.004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Mass-transfer impact on solute mobility in porous media: A new mobile-immobile model

    Masciopinto, Costantino / Giuseppe Passarella

    Journal of contaminant hydrology. 2018 Aug., v. 215

    2018  

    Abstract: The theory for modeling non-equilibrium solute transport in porous media is still based on approximations to a model proposed by Lapidus and Amundson in 1952 that has not been updated. This Mobile–Immobile Model (MIM) is based on the definition of a mass- ...

    Abstract The theory for modeling non-equilibrium solute transport in porous media is still based on approximations to a model proposed by Lapidus and Amundson in 1952 that has not been updated. This Mobile–Immobile Model (MIM) is based on the definition of a mass-transfer coefficient (α), which has been proven subject to some severe limitations. Measurements at both laboratory and field scales have demonstrated the scale-dependency of α values. This means that the MIM theory fails in real applications, since α is not constant, as defined in the kinetic model theory, but is a time-residence (or distance) dependent coefficient. Multi-rate mass-transfer models have been proposed in recent literature to capture real-world solute transport with a multiple mass transfer. In this study, we propose a novel model, which implements the analytical solution of Fick's second law of diffusion directly in the nonequilibrium advection/dispersion equation of solute transport in porous media. New model solutions properly fitted data collected during tracer tests carried out at the CNR-IRSA Laboratory (Bari, Italy) in a horizontal sandbox, 2 m of length, by using sodium chloride as the conservative tracer. Selected breakthrough curves at specific positions were used to validate the proposed model solution and estimate both conventional and proposed coefficients of mass transfer. Results have shown a decreasing trend of α from 0.09 to 0.04 h−1 after about 1.2 m of filtration for the investigated sand, whereas new solutions provide two scale-invariant tracer coefficients of rate of tracer mass-transfer (0.004 ± 0.005 h−1) and of tracer time delay (1.19 ± 0.01). The proposed model performs very well, since it provides a readily solved analytical solution with respect to the conventional MIM. Results of the proposed MIM are very similar to those provided by the conventional MIM. The new model solution can be implemented in particle tracking or random walk software in order to solve two-dimensional nonequilibrium solute transport in groundwater.
    Keywords advection ; computer software ; data collection ; equations ; filtration ; groundwater ; kinetics ; mass transfer ; mathematical theory ; models ; porous media ; sand ; sodium chloride ; solutes ; tracer techniques ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2018-08
    Size p. 21-28.
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1494766-3
    ISSN 1873-6009 ; 0169-7722
    ISSN (online) 1873-6009
    ISSN 0169-7722
    DOI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2018.06.004
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  6. Article ; Online: Strong release of viruses in fracture flow in response to a perturbation in ionic strength: Filtration/retention tests and modeling.

    Masciopinto, Costantino / Visino, Fabrizio

    Water research

    2017  Volume 126, Page(s) 240–251

    Abstract: Effluents derived from a municipal wastewater treatment plant were used for virus filtration/retention experiments by using a horizontal laboratory filter. Filtration tests were performed to examine how soil geochemical heterogeneity and fracture ... ...

    Abstract Effluents derived from a municipal wastewater treatment plant were used for virus filtration/retention experiments by using a horizontal laboratory filter. Filtration tests were performed to examine how soil geochemical heterogeneity and fracture patterns affected the transport of viruses in groundwater in order to model the influence of reductive perturbations in ionic strength (IS) during wastewater filtration. Although perturbations of IS and velocity are known to result in resuspension of colloids, we found that the effect of soil geochemical heterogeneity can produce strong and instantaneous virus releases in fractured aquifers, likely an internal additional source of viruses. Sixteen limestone slabs were packed in a PVC box filter at the Bari Laboratory (South Italy) to replicate wastewater filtration throughout a fractured medium similar to the Bari carbonate aquifer. Terra rossa, which is an aggregate of sand, silt and clay, was unevenly spread on the surface of each limestone slab within the filter. Since the mineralogical composition of terra rossa includes iron (hematite, magnetite, and goethite) oxides, the soil exhibited localized unfavorable colloid/collector interactions for attachment. In contrast, soil-free parts of the fracture surfaces maintained favorable colloid/collector interactions. We found in our experiments that the lowering of IS due to the reduction of water salt content, which could occur during runoff injections after rainfall, might be sufficient to cause strong detachment of viruses from fracture surfaces, allowing further migration into the groundwater. The model in this work can predict the count and pathways of released viruses in groundwater fractures under soil geochemical heterogeneity and originated by reductions of IS, by using analytical solutions.
    MeSH term(s) Colloids ; Filtration ; Groundwater/virology ; Models, Theoretical ; Osmolar Concentration ; Soil Microbiology ; Viruses ; Waste Water
    Chemical Substances Colloids ; Waste Water
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017--01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 202613-2
    ISSN 1879-2448 ; 0043-1354
    ISSN (online) 1879-2448
    ISSN 0043-1354
    DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.035
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Management of aquifer recharge in Lebanon by removing seawater intrusion from coastal aquifers

    Masciopinto, Costantino

    Journal of environmental management. 2013 Nov. 30, v. 130

    2013  

    Abstract: This study investigates the feasibility of management of aquifer recharge (MAR) in Lebanon by designing well barriers to remove seawater intrusion from the fractured carbonate aquifers. Groundwater flow and saltwater/freshwater 50% sharp interface have ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates the feasibility of management of aquifer recharge (MAR) in Lebanon by designing well barriers to remove seawater intrusion from the fractured carbonate aquifers. Groundwater flow and saltwater/freshwater 50% sharp interface have been modeled along the coastal area using the Ghyben–Herzberg theory. The groundwater flow simulations have been supported by field transmissivity estimations and depth measurements carried out on 44 wells during 2003. Results have shown the seawater intrusion in coastal aquifers at Jieh and Damour regions. Three well-injection barriers have been proposed. The water volumes for recharge and the barrier positions have been defined by means of groundwater flow simulations. MAR can provide a valuable contribution to colloid (even pathogen) removal from injectant water, although during water infiltration in subsoil the reduction of aquifer permeability causes clogging. A simple new model for estimating the soil-rock permeability reduction due to the well clogging has been presented. The MAR, including the soil aquifer treatment at Damour and Jieh regions, has been studied by considering aquifer transmissivity (and soil porosity) reduction caused by clogging. Furthermore, the appropriate mixing of the injectant water by using reclaimed water, groundwater and surface water can be simulated using the proposed models. The time required to achieve 5% of rock permeability reduction at the proposed well barriers ranged from 71 to 935 d, by changing water quality and flow rate for recharge. This study can assist regional governments with water management in areas affected by scarcity of freshwater by implementing appropriate well-barrier projects.
    Keywords aquifers ; coasts ; freshwater ; groundwater ; groundwater flow ; mixing ; models ; pathogens ; permeability ; porosity ; saline water ; saltwater intrusion ; soil ; surface water ; water quality ; wells ; Lebanon
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2013-1130
    Size p. 306-312.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 184882-3
    ISSN 1095-8630 ; 0301-4797
    ISSN (online) 1095-8630
    ISSN 0301-4797
    DOI 10.1016/j.jenvman.2013.08.021
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  8. Article: Strong release of viruses in fracture flow in response to a perturbation in ionic strength: Filtration/retention tests and modeling

    Masciopinto, Costantino / Visino, Fabrizio

    Water research. 2017 Dec. 01, v. 126

    2017  

    Abstract: Effluents derived from a municipal wastewater treatment plant were used for virus filtration/retention experiments by using a horizontal laboratory filter. Filtration tests were performed to examine how soil geochemical heterogeneity and fracture ... ...

    Abstract Effluents derived from a municipal wastewater treatment plant were used for virus filtration/retention experiments by using a horizontal laboratory filter. Filtration tests were performed to examine how soil geochemical heterogeneity and fracture patterns affected the transport of viruses in groundwater in order to model the influence of reductive perturbations in ionic strength (IS) during wastewater filtration. Although perturbations of IS and velocity are known to result in resuspension of colloids, we found that the effect of soil geochemical heterogeneity can produce strong and instantaneous virus releases in fractured aquifers, likely an internal additional source of viruses. Sixteen limestone slabs were packed in a PVC box filter at the Bari Laboratory (South Italy) to replicate wastewater filtration throughout a fractured medium similar to the Bari carbonate aquifer. Terra rossa, which is an aggregate of sand, silt and clay, was unevenly spread on the surface of each limestone slab within the filter. Since the mineralogical composition of terra rossa includes iron (hematite, magnetite, and goethite) oxides, the soil exhibited localized unfavorable colloid/collector interactions for attachment. In contrast, soil-free parts of the fracture surfaces maintained favorable colloid/collector interactions. We found in our experiments that the lowering of IS due to the reduction of water salt content, which could occur during runoff injections after rainfall, might be sufficient to cause strong detachment of viruses from fracture surfaces, allowing further migration into the groundwater. The model in this work can predict the count and pathways of released viruses in groundwater fractures under soil geochemical heterogeneity and originated by reductions of IS, by using analytical solutions.
    Keywords aquifers ; clay ; colloids ; effluents ; filtration ; goethite ; groundwater ; hematite ; ionic strength ; iron ; limestone ; magnetite ; models ; municipal wastewater ; oxides ; rain ; runoff ; salt content ; sand ; silt ; slabs ; soil ; viruses ; wastewater treatment ; Italy
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-1201
    Size p. 240-251.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 202613-2
    ISSN 1879-2448 ; 0043-1354
    ISSN (online) 1879-2448
    ISSN 0043-1354
    DOI 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.035
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: Shooting the Numerical Solution of Moisture Flow Equation with Root Water Uptake Models: A Python Tool

    Difonzo, Fabio V. / Masciopinto, Costantino / Vurro, Michele / Berardi, Marco

    Water resources management. 2021 June, v. 35, no. 8

    2021  

    Abstract: Modeling the water uptake by plant roots is a key issue in studying soil processes, which are governed by water dynamics: a comprehensive understanding and forecast of such dynamics is a relevant issue in managing water resources. Typically, movement of ... ...

    Abstract Modeling the water uptake by plant roots is a key issue in studying soil processes, which are governed by water dynamics: a comprehensive understanding and forecast of such dynamics is a relevant issue in managing water resources. Typically, movement of water in soils and uptake by roots are described by the Richards’ equation with a sink term, and numerical treatment of this problem is still a challenge, together with its practical implementations in user-friendly softwares. In order to tackle this problem, in the present paper we propose a simple and computationally fast algorithm developed as a Python code, implementing a numerical approach based on the shooting method, a classical tool for handling boundary value problems (BVPs) arising here from a discretization recently introduced for Richards’ equation: such a method is applied to the linearized Richards’ equation with Gardner’s hydraulic functions. This method is implemented also in MATLAB, in order to accomplish comparisons with built-in MATLAB solver for parabolic partial differential equations. The Python code is made available to readers, and is intended to be an easy tool for handling this problem in the framework of Gardner’s constitutive relations, filling the gap of other commercial codes, which do not provide choice of Gardner functions. Many numerical simulations are performed: the results are promising, since the proposed method behaves efficiently and in some cases it is able to converge even when the MATLAB solver fails; mass balance properties and order of accuracy issues are also investigated.
    Keywords administrative management ; algorithms ; computer software ; soil ; water ; water uptake
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-06
    Size p. 2553-2567.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 59924-4
    ISSN 1573-1650 ; 0920-4741
    ISSN (online) 1573-1650
    ISSN 0920-4741
    DOI 10.1007/s11269-021-02850-2
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: Hydrogeological Models of Water Flow and Pollutant Transport in Karstic and Fractured Reservoirs

    Masciopinto, Costantino / Passarella, Giuseppe / Caputo, Maria C. / Masciale, Rita / De Carlo, Lorenzo

    Water resources research. 2021 Aug., v. 57, no. 8

    2021  

    Abstract: In a literature review of the recent advancements in mathematical hydrologic models applied in fractured karstic formations, we highlight the necessary improvements in the fluid dynamic equations that are commonly applied to the flow in a discrete ... ...

    Abstract In a literature review of the recent advancements in mathematical hydrologic models applied in fractured karstic formations, we highlight the necessary improvements in the fluid dynamic equations that are commonly applied to the flow in a discrete fracture network (DFN) via channel network models. Fluid flow and pollutant transport modeling in karst aquifers should consider the simultaneous occurrence of laminar, nonlaminar, and turbulent fluxes in the fractures rather than the laminar flow by the cubic law that has been widely applied in the scientific literature. Some simulations show overestimations up to 75% of the groundwater velocity when non‐laminar flows are neglected. Moreover, further model development is needed to address the issues of tortuosity of preferential saturated fluid flow in fractures suggesting adjustments of the size of the mean aperture in DFN models. During the past decade, DFN mathematical models have been significantly developed aimed at relating the three‐dimensional structure of interconnected fractures within rocky systems to the specific fracture properties measurable on the rock outcrops with the use of reliefs, tracer/pumping tests, and geotechnical field surveys. The capabilities and limitations of previous reported hydrological models together with specific research advancements and findings in modeling equations are described herein. New software is needed for creating three‐dimensional contour maps in fractured aquifers corresponding to the outputs of particle tracking simulations. Existing software based on the equivalent continuum or multiple‐interacting continua cannot delineate the spread of pollutant migrations affected by the tortuous preferential flow pathways that occur in DFNs.
    Keywords aquifers ; computer software ; groundwater ; karsts ; laminar flow ; pollutants ; preferential flow ; research ; water flow
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-08
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    Note REVIEW
    ZDB-ID 5564-5
    ISSN 1944-7973 ; 0043-1397
    ISSN (online) 1944-7973
    ISSN 0043-1397
    DOI 10.1029/2021WR029969
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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