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  1. Article ; Online: An untargeted metabolomic approach to investigate antiviral defence mechanisms in memory leukocytes secreting anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG in vitro.

    Federica, Gevi / Giuseppina, Fanelli / Veronica, Lelli / Gianpaolo, Zarletti / Massimo, Tiberi / Veronica, De Molfetta / Giuseppe, Scapigliati / Maria, Timperio Anna

    Scientific reports

    2023  Volume 13, Issue 1, Page(s) 629

    Abstract: Evidence shows that individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2 experience an altered metabolic state in multiple organs. Metabolic activities are directly involved in modulating immune responses against infectious diseases, yet our understanding of how host ... ...

    Abstract Evidence shows that individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2 experience an altered metabolic state in multiple organs. Metabolic activities are directly involved in modulating immune responses against infectious diseases, yet our understanding of how host metabolism relates to inflammatory responses remains limited. To better elucidate the underlying biochemistry of the leukocyte response, we focused our analysis on possible relationships between SARS-CoV-2 post-infection stages and distinct metabolic pathways. Indeed, we observed a significant altered metabolism of tryptophan and urea cycle pathways in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained 60-90 days after infection and showing in vitro IgG antibody memory for spike-S1 antigen (n = 17). This work, for the first time, identifies metabolic routes in cell metabolism possibly related to later stages of immune defence against SARS-CoV-2 infection, namely, when circulating antibodies may be absent but an antibody memory is present. The results suggest reprogramming of leukocyte metabolism after viral pathogenesis through activation of specific amino acid pathways possibly related to protective immunity against SARS-CoV-2.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; COVID-19 ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral ; Leukocytes ; Antiviral Agents
    Chemical Substances Immunoglobulin G ; Antibodies, Viral ; Antiviral Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-12
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-26156-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: A Cell-Based ELISA to Improve the Serological Analysis of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG

    Gianpaolo Zarletti / Massimo Tiberi / Veronica De Molfetta / Maurizio Bossù / Elisa Toppi / Paola Bossù / Giuseppe Scapigliati

    Viruses, Vol 12, Iss 1274, p

    2020  Volume 1274

    Abstract: Knowledge of the antibody-mediated immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to understand virus immunogenicity, establish seroprevalence, and determine whether subjects or recovered patients are at risk for infection/reinfection and would therefore ... ...

    Abstract Knowledge of the antibody-mediated immune response to SARS-CoV-2 is crucial to understand virus immunogenicity, establish seroprevalence, and determine whether subjects or recovered patients are at risk for infection/reinfection and would therefore benefit from vaccination. Here, we describe a novel and simple cell-ELISA specifically designed to measure viral spike S1-specific IgG produced in vitro by B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) cultures from a cohort of 45 asymptomatic ( n = 24) and symptomatic ( n = 21) individuals, with age ranging from 8 to 99 years. All subjects underwent ELISA serological screening twice, at the same time as the cell-ELISA (T2) as well as 35–60 days earlier (T1). Cryopreserved PBMCs of healthy donors obtained years before the COVID-19 pandemic were also included in the analysis. The preliminary results presented here show that out of 45 tested subjects, 16 individuals (35.5%) were positive to the cell-ELISA, 11 (24.5%) were concomitantly positive in the serological screening (T1 and/or T2), and only one person was exclusively positive in ELISA (T1) and negative in cell-ELISA, though values were close to the cutoff. Of note, five individuals (11.2%) tested negative in ELISA but positive in cell-ELISA and thus, they appear to have circulating B cells that produce antibodies against SARS-CoV-2, likely at levels that are undetectable in the serum, which challenges the negative results of the serological screening. The relative level of in vitro secreted IgG was measurable in positive subjects, ranging from 7 to 50 ng/well. Accordingly, all anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibody-positive subjects previously reported moderate to severe symptoms attributable to COVID-19, even though the RT-PCR data were rarely available to confirm viral infection. Overall, the described cell-ELISA might be an effective method for detecting subjects who encountered the virus in the past, and thus helpful to improve serological ELISA tests in the case of undetectable/equivocal circulating IgG levels, and a suitable and improved tool to better evaluate SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral immunity in the COVID-19 pandemic.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; in vitro IgG ; B cell memory ; cell-ELISA ; spike S1 protein ; Microbiology ; QR1-502 ; covid19
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article: Oral High-Dose Thiamine Improves the Symptoms of Chronic Cluster Headache.

    Antonio, Costantini / Massimo, Tiberi / Gianpaolo, Zarletti / Immacolata, Pala Maria / Erika, Trevi

    Case reports in neurological medicine

    2018  Volume 2018, Page(s) 3901619

    Abstract: Cluster headache is a rare painful primary disorder occurring in either episodic or chronic patterns. Several authors found that the hypothalamus, the brain region regulating endocrine function and autonomic system, is involved in the pathophysiology of ... ...

    Abstract Cluster headache is a rare painful primary disorder occurring in either episodic or chronic patterns. Several authors found that the hypothalamus, the brain region regulating endocrine function and autonomic system, is involved in the pathophysiology of cluster headache. Some authors have found in patients affected by this disease abnormality in glucose metabolism. Considering the role of thiamine in brain function, in energetic metabolism, and in pain modulation, we treated a patient affected by cluster headache with oral high-dose thiamine. We report a 41-year-old man suffering from primary chronic cluster headache since the age of 15 years. The patient began oral therapy with high-dose thiamine in December 2016. Oral thiamine supplementation led to a dramatic improvement of the symptoms. The therapy was effective in reversing all the symptoms of the disease. Our observation suggests that a thiamine deficiency due to enzymatic abnormalities or to dysfunction of the circulation of thiamine in the intracellular space could cause a neuronal selective impairment in the centers that are involved in this disease and could have an important role in the pathogenesis of the symptoms of cluster headache.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Case Reports
    ZDB-ID 2629909-4
    ISSN 2090-6676 ; 2090-6668
    ISSN (online) 2090-6676
    ISSN 2090-6668
    DOI 10.1155/2018/3901619
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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