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  1. Article ; Online: Interpretation of a paint cross-transfer on a burglary scene - A case report.

    Vanneste, Florian / Lim-Hitchings, Yu Chen / Massonnet, Geneviève / Lunstroot, Kyra

    Science & justice : journal of the Forensic Science Society

    2024  Volume 64, Issue 3, Page(s) 258–263

    Abstract: In forensic paint examination, paint traces retrieved on a crime scene are regularly compared to painted objects seized from a suspect. Less often, traces are only observed on the seized objects and compared to a damaged painted object on the crime scene. ...

    Abstract In forensic paint examination, paint traces retrieved on a crime scene are regularly compared to painted objects seized from a suspect. Less often, traces are only observed on the seized objects and compared to a damaged painted object on the crime scene. In some specific cases, paint traces may be found both on the crime scene and on one or multiple seized painted objects. The latter may be the result of a cross-transfer that occurred during the illicit act. However, mere coincidence is another possible explanation for these observations and may not be neglected. Proper consideration of the relevant populations and sufficient analytical data permits the evaluation of the results given activity level propositions. This allows the forensic expert to present a transparent and well-balanced statement on the value of their findings concerning the disputed issues in court.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1230910-2
    ISSN 1876-4452 ; 1355-0306
    ISSN (online) 1876-4452
    ISSN 1355-0306
    DOI 10.1016/j.scijus.2024.02.004
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  2. Article ; Online: Forensic analysis of condom traces: Chemical considerations and review of the literature.

    Burnier, Céline / Massonnet, Geneviève

    Forensic science international

    2020  Volume 310, Page(s) 110255

    Abstract: The analysis of condom traces has recently been added to the standard forensic examination protocol of sexual assault and rape cases. Several recent studies have thus focussed on the detection of condom components and classification of the chemical ... ...

    Abstract The analysis of condom traces has recently been added to the standard forensic examination protocol of sexual assault and rape cases. Several recent studies have thus focussed on the detection of condom components and classification of the chemical profiles using statistics, obtaining very promising results. The purpose of the present article is to critically review the literature regarding condom chemical analysis. A large analytical panel of both destructive and non-destructive methods has been proposed for the analysis of condom traces, each offering completely different analysis type and thus complementary information. However, few studies have considered these traces within a human matrix, which is necessary to establish an accessible protocol for forensic laboratories to allow this type of analysis. Additionally, issues remain concerning reproducibility, sensitivity, and the validation of analytical parameters. Considering that the demand for condom residue analysis is increasing, there is a definite need for further research on the forensic analysis of condom traces in order to offer quality services to the criminal justice system.
    MeSH term(s) Condoms ; Female ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Male ; Rape ; Reproducibility of Results
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-03-14
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 424042-x
    ISSN 1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
    ISSN (online) 1872-6283
    ISSN 0379-0738
    DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110255
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  3. Article: Forensic analysis of condom traces: Chemical considerations and review of the literature

    Burnier, Céline / Massonnet, Geneviève

    Forensic science international. 2020 May, v. 310

    2020  

    Abstract: The analysis of condom traces has recently been added to the standard forensic examination protocol of sexual assault and rape cases. Several recent studies have thus focussed on the detection of condom components and classification of the chemical ... ...

    Abstract The analysis of condom traces has recently been added to the standard forensic examination protocol of sexual assault and rape cases. Several recent studies have thus focussed on the detection of condom components and classification of the chemical profiles using statistics, obtaining very promising results. The purpose of the present article is to critically review the literature regarding condom chemical analysis. A large analytical panel of both destructive and non-destructive methods has been proposed for the analysis of condom traces, each offering completely different analysis type and thus complementary information. However, few studies have considered these traces within a human matrix, which is necessary to establish an accessible protocol for forensic laboratories to allow this type of analysis. Additionally, issues remain concerning reproducibility, sensitivity, and the validation of analytical parameters. Considering that the demand for condom residue analysis is increasing, there is a definite need for further research on the forensic analysis of condom traces in order to offer quality services to the criminal justice system.
    Keywords chemical analysis ; forensic sciences ; humans ; nondestructive methods ; statistics
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-05
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 424042-x
    ISSN 1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
    ISSN (online) 1872-6283
    ISSN 0379-0738
    DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2020.110255
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  4. Article ; Online: Pre-analytical considerations of condom traces: A review of composition, background, transfer and persistence.

    Burnier, Céline / Massonnet, Geneviève

    Forensic science international

    2019  Volume 302, Page(s) 109861

    Abstract: Today, rape and sexual assault cases are mainly solved using evidence such as medical evidence or DNA analysis. Condom traces have been found to be present in 10% of assaulted women, when no DNA is found [1]. Numerous studies have emphasized the interest ...

    Abstract Today, rape and sexual assault cases are mainly solved using evidence such as medical evidence or DNA analysis. Condom traces have been found to be present in 10% of assaulted women, when no DNA is found [1]. Numerous studies have emphasized the interest of analysing the composition of male condoms and their traces, and developing specific methods for the analysis of this type of evidence. However, transfer and persistence of condom traces in a specific matrix are rarely referenced. Therefore, forensic scientists have no complete knowledge of the trace and what could be expected in a real case. The purpose of this article is to review the literature addressing the composition of condoms and their traces as well as its influence on the transfer and persistence from a forensic point of view. Peer-reviewed literature, patents, professional literature, data from international administrations and international organisations' reports have been used to track the composition and the problematics of transfer and persistence of condom traces. The results of this review show that the composition of male condoms and their traces are complex systems, with numerous compounds originating from the condom at the moment of the transfer and evolving over time according to specific persistence patterns. Although numerous types of analyses have already been proposed and tested for condom traces, forensic evidence considerations have not been fully studied yet. Considering the fact that sexual assaults without the detection of DNA are increasingly frequent, there is a definite medical and forensic need to improve our knowledge of the processes involved in the development of condom traces in order to better understand analytical results.
    MeSH term(s) Anesthetics, Local/analysis ; Antioxidants/analysis ; Condoms ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes/analysis ; Female ; Flavoring Agents/analysis ; Forensic Medicine ; Humans ; Latex/analysis ; Lubricants/analysis ; Male ; Nitrosamines/analysis ; Odorants/analysis ; Polyethylene/analysis ; Polyethylene Glycols/analysis ; Powders ; Preservatives, Pharmaceutical/analysis ; Sex Offenses ; Spermatocidal Agents/analysis ; Starch/analysis ; Vagina/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Anesthetics, Local ; Antioxidants ; Dimethylpolysiloxanes ; Flavoring Agents ; Latex ; Lubricants ; Nitrosamines ; Powders ; Preservatives, Pharmaceutical ; Spermatocidal Agents ; Polyethylene Glycols (3WJQ0SDW1A) ; baysilon (63148-62-9) ; Polyethylene (9002-88-4) ; Starch (9005-25-8)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-06-20
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 424042-x
    ISSN 1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
    ISSN (online) 1872-6283
    ISSN 0379-0738
    DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.06.019
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  5. Article ; Online: The use of an optimized DRIFTS-FTIR method for the forensic analysis and classification of silicone condom lubricants.

    Burnier, Céline / Favre, Virginie / Massonnet, Geneviève

    Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy

    2021  Volume 261, Page(s) 120025

    Abstract: Condom residues may be encountered in forensic investigations as traces left in sexual assault or rape cases. Considering casework samples analysis, where material from swabs will need to be extracted, Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform ... ...

    Abstract Condom residues may be encountered in forensic investigations as traces left in sexual assault or rape cases. Considering casework samples analysis, where material from swabs will need to be extracted, Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS) was reported as the most relevant method for trace evidence analysis. However, there has been no study to identify which specific parameters were the most suitable for the analysis of silicone-based lubricants, especially in terms of repeatability of the analyses. This study looked at the resolution and number of scans with the aim of optimizing these parameters for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) analysis and detection. Experimental parameters were refined while performing a full factorial experimental design (FFD) for the screening and extended to a face centered central composite design (FCCD) for the optimisation. Repeatability of the results was also investigated using principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) in order to select the most relevant analytical parameters. The optimized DRIFTS parameters were then used to collect data from reference material and from traces after a transfer in a vaginal matrix has occurred. Discrimination models were built with DRIFTS data and compared to pre-existing models built with Attenuated Total Reflectance (ATR)-FTIR data. Condom traces were recovered from volunteers who had sexual intercourse using different types of silicone-lubricated condoms. The corresponding traces characteristics were investigated and analysed.
    MeSH term(s) Condoms ; Female ; Fourier Analysis ; Humans ; Lubricants ; Research Design ; Silicones ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
    Chemical Substances Lubricants ; Silicones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 210413-1
    ISSN 1873-3557 ; 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
    ISSN (online) 1873-3557
    ISSN 0370-8322 ; 0584-8539 ; 1386-1425
    DOI 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120025
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  6. Article ; Online: Fibres in the nasal cavity: A pilot study of the recovery, background, and transfer in smothering scenarios.

    Glauser, Nick / Lim-Hitchings, Yu Chen / Schaufelbühl, Stefan / Hess, Sabine / Lunstroot, Kyra / Massonnet, Geneviève

    Forensic science international

    2023  Volume 354, Page(s) 111890

    Abstract: In cases where the suspected cause of death is smothering, fibre traces recovered from the nasal cavity are hypothesised to refute or support this proposition. In order to carry out such evaluations, an efficient recovery method must first be established. ...

    Abstract In cases where the suspected cause of death is smothering, fibre traces recovered from the nasal cavity are hypothesised to refute or support this proposition. In order to carry out such evaluations, an efficient recovery method must first be established. This pilot study tested five different recovery methods on 3D printed models of nasal cavities. Among which, the use of the transparent AccuTrans® polyvinyl Siloxane casts demonstrated the best recovery efficiency with a median of 90% of deposited fibres recovered. The efficacy of this method was then verified on cadavers. Apart from a reliable recovery method, an understanding of the background population of fibres in nasal cavities, as well as the mechanisms of the transfer from the purported smothering textile to the nasal cavity is essential to evaluate the findings in these cases of suspected smothering. Samplings of the nasal cavities of 20 cadavers were thus carried out to gather data on the background population of fibres. Results showed that nasal cavities are not void of fibres, but the quantities are expected to be low, with a mean of 3.8 fibres per cavity recovered. Information on generic fibre class, colour, and length of these background fibres were also obtained with the use of low and high-power microscopy. The frequencies found in this population of fibres closely align with data from other population studies where black cotton was the most common. Finally, transfer experiments using the 3D printed models fitted with a respiratory pump to simulate breathing were carried out, along with testing on live volunteers in-vivo. The results demonstrated a verifiable transfer of fibres into the nasal cavity in smothering scenarios. Textiles of various shedding capacities were used in these tests and the findings suggest an influence of this variable on the quantities of fibres transferred.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Nasal Cavity ; Pilot Projects ; Textiles ; Cadaver
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-24
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 424042-x
    ISSN 1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
    ISSN (online) 1872-6283
    ISSN 0379-0738
    DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2023.111890
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  7. Article: Pre-analytical considerations of condom traces: A review of composition, background, transfer and persistence

    Burnier, Céline / Massonnet, Geneviève

    Forensic science international. 2019 Sept., v. 302

    2019  

    Abstract: Today, rape and sexual assault cases are mainly solved using evidence such as medical evidence or DNA analysis. Condom traces have been found to be present in 10% of assaulted women, when no DNA is found [1]. Numerous studies have emphasized the interest ...

    Abstract Today, rape and sexual assault cases are mainly solved using evidence such as medical evidence or DNA analysis. Condom traces have been found to be present in 10% of assaulted women, when no DNA is found [1]. Numerous studies have emphasized the interest of analysing the composition of male condoms and their traces, and developing specific methods for the analysis of this type of evidence. However, transfer and persistence of condom traces in a specific matrix are rarely referenced. Therefore, forensic scientists have no complete knowledge of the trace and what could be expected in a real case. The purpose of this article is to review the literature addressing the composition of condoms and their traces as well as its influence on the transfer and persistence from a forensic point of view.Peer-reviewed literature, patents, professional literature, data from international administrations and international organisations’ reports have been used to track the composition and the problematics of transfer and persistence of condom traces.The results of this review show that the composition of male condoms and their traces are complex systems, with numerous compounds originating from the condom at the moment of the transfer and evolving over time according to specific persistence patterns. Although numerous types of analyses have already been proposed and tested for condom traces, forensic evidence considerations have not been fully studied yet.Considering the fact that sexual assaults without the detection of DNA are increasingly frequent, there is a definite medical and forensic need to improve our knowledge of the processes involved in the development of condom traces in order to better understand analytical results.
    Keywords DNA ; forensic sciences ; international organizations ; males ; patents ; women
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2019-09
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 424042-x
    ISSN 1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
    ISSN (online) 1872-6283
    ISSN 0379-0738
    DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2019.06.019
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  8. Article: On the impact of DNA extraction procedure on the recovery of condom evidence

    Mbo, Chloé / Honoré, Florian / Milon, Marie-Pierre / Massonnet, Geneviève / Burnier, Céline

    Forensic science international. 2022 Feb., v. 331

    2022  

    Abstract: On the international level, different protocols exist for sampling condom traces, similarly to DNA traces. Usually collected with cotton swabs, some protocols use nylon swabs, which were found more efficient for the desorption of DNA, because they offer ... ...

    Abstract On the international level, different protocols exist for sampling condom traces, similarly to DNA traces. Usually collected with cotton swabs, some protocols use nylon swabs, which were found more efficient for the desorption of DNA, because they offer a better desorption of the compounds during the extraction. In addition, not all the protocols do contain swabs for other evidence than DNA. Depending on the protocol, the forensic scientist will either benefit from a swab purely dedicated to condom evidence or will have to prioritize which evidence to analyse first. It is more likely that priority will be set to DNA, but in the eventuality that no DNA would be recovered, it is necessary to know whether the swab can still be used for condom evidence recovery or not. This work aimed to use Diffuse Reflectance Infrared Fourier Transform Spectroscopy (DRIFTS-FTIR) to investigate whether DNA extraction affects the recovery of condom traces. Traces were simulated by either rubbing condoms on the swabs or soaking the swabs in solutions containing different concentrations of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the most common condom lubricant found on the market. DNA extraction was found to generate a loss of silicones, when processed prior to condom silicone extraction. Therefore, results show that protocols should contain cotton swabs dedicated to condom traces collection.
    Keywords DNA ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; cotton ; desorption ; forensic sciences ; lubricants ; markets ; nylon ; polydimethylsiloxane ; scientists
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-02
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 424042-x
    ISSN 1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
    ISSN (online) 1872-6283
    ISSN 0379-0738
    DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111141
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  9. Article: Comparison of spectroscopic methods in the detection of silicone-based condom lubricant evidence

    Burnier, Céline / Massonnet, Geneviève / van Bronswijk, Wilhelm

    Analytical methods. 2020 Feb. 6, v. 12, no. 5

    2020  

    Abstract: Spectroscopic techniques, such as infrared and Raman spectroscopy, are very powerful and valuable tools for analysing evidence in forensic sciences. In sexual assault cases, vibrational spectroscopy has been reported as a useful screening method to ... ...

    Abstract Spectroscopic techniques, such as infrared and Raman spectroscopy, are very powerful and valuable tools for analysing evidence in forensic sciences. In sexual assault cases, vibrational spectroscopy has been reported as a useful screening method to detect condom residues. However, there has been no study to identify which specific method could be the most suitable technique for the analysis of silicon-based lubricants as forensic evidence. This study looked at the different reported infrared and Raman techniques. The aim was to develop an adequate spectroscopic technique for polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) analysis and detection. Five FTIR sampling techniques were assessed: ATR, micro-ATR, DRIFTS, transmission and micro-transmission. Raman spectroscopy was assessed with four lasers and included imaging/mapping techniques. The techniques were evaluated on the basis of sensitivity, analysis time, and sample preparation method and time. Although ATR techniques offer good reproducibility, the spectral quality was lower than that obtained with transmission and DRIFTS techniques. Raman spectra were found to be less informative and of lower quality than infrared spectra. Considering case work sample analysis, where material from swabs will need to be extracted, DRIFTS was found to be the best method for trace evidence analysis, although the sample preparation time is longer than for ATR.
    Keywords forensic sciences ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; image analysis ; lasers ; lubricants ; polydimethylsiloxane ; Raman spectroscopy ; sampling ; screening
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-0206
    Size p. 657-665.
    Publishing place The Royal Society of Chemistry
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2515210-5
    ISSN 1759-9679 ; 1759-9660
    ISSN (online) 1759-9679
    ISSN 1759-9660
    DOI 10.1039/c9ay02471a
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  10. Article ; Online: A probabilistic approach towards source level inquiries for forensic soil examination based on mineral counts.

    Lim, Yu Chen / Marolf, André / Estoppey, Nicolas / Massonnet, Geneviève

    Forensic science international

    2021  Volume 328, Page(s) 111035

    Abstract: Forensic soil examination has a well-established foundation in forensic science, this is in part due to the widely varied and complex nature of soil. Within this domain, mineral suite studies are a commonly utilized tool in soil examination. However, ... ...

    Abstract Forensic soil examination has a well-established foundation in forensic science, this is in part due to the widely varied and complex nature of soil. Within this domain, mineral suite studies are a commonly utilized tool in soil examination. However, statistical or probabilistic approaches towards the interpretation of results from such analysis are lacking and this study aims to fill that gap. Soil samples from four different locations in the city of Lausanne, Switzerland were sampled and their mineral fractions, light and heavy of size between 90 and 180 µm, were studied utilizing microscopical methods. First, the light minerals were identified and counted by employing scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS). Second, the heavy minerals were identified and counted manually under a polarized light microscope (PLM). The resulting count data were subjected to various multivariate statistical treatments such as principal components analysis (PCA), hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), and linear discriminant analysis (LDA). These methods assist in identifying pertinent variables and subsequently in building various classification models. The validities of these models were then tested and evaluated using blind tests. Finally, these methods demonstrate how a probabilistic approach can be taken in the interpretation of the results to answer source level questions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-05
    Publishing country Ireland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 424042-x
    ISSN 1872-6283 ; 0379-0738
    ISSN (online) 1872-6283
    ISSN 0379-0738
    DOI 10.1016/j.forsciint.2021.111035
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