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Article ; Online: Community engagement to mitigate antimicrobial resistance in low-and middle-income countries - an essential strategy for implementation of national action plans on AMR.

Mathew, Philip / Chandy, Sujith J / Ranjalkar, Jaya

The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia

2024 Volume 24, Page(s) 100379

Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-14
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2772-3682
ISSN (online)	2772-3682
DOI	10.1016/j.lansea.2024.100379
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Detection of lung cancer and stages via breath analysis using a self-made electronic nose device.

V A, Binson / Mathew, Philip / Thomas, Sania / Mathew, Luke

Expert review of molecular diagnostics

2024 Volume 24, Issue 4, Page(s) 341–353

Abstract: Background: Breathomics is an emerging area focusing on monitoring and diagnosing pulmonary diseases, especially lung cancer. This research aims to employ metabolomic methods to create a breathprint in human-expelled air to rapidly identify lung cancer ... ...

Abstract	Background: Breathomics is an emerging area focusing on monitoring and diagnosing pulmonary diseases, especially lung cancer. This research aims to employ metabolomic methods to create a breathprint in human-expelled air to rapidly identify lung cancer and its stages. Research design and methods: An electronic nose (e-nose) system with five metal oxide semiconductor (MOS) gas sensors, a microcontroller, and machine learning algorithms was designed and developed for this application. The volunteers in this study include 114 patients with lung cancer and 147 healthy controls to understand the clinical potential of the e-nose system to detect lung cancer and its stages. Results: In the training phase, in discriminating lung cancer from controls, the XGBoost classifier model with 10-fold cross-validation gave an accuracy of 91.67%. In the validation phase, the XGBoost classifier model correctly identified 35 out of 42 patients with lung cancer samples and 44 out of 51 healthy control samples providing an overall sensitivity of 83.33% and specificity of 86.27%. Conclusions: These results indicate that the exhaled breath VOC analysis method may be developed as a new diagnostic tool for lung cancer detection. The advantages of e-nose based diagnostics, such as an easy and painless method of sampling, and low-cost procedures, will make it an excellent diagnostic method in the future.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-19
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2112530-2
ISSN	1744-8352 ; 1473-7159
ISSN (online)	1744-8352
ISSN	1473-7159
DOI	10.1080/14737159.2024.2316755
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Article ; Online: A Randomized Double-blind Study to Assess the Skin Irritation and Sensitization Potential of a Once-weekly Donepezil Transdermal Delivery System in Healthy Volunteers.

Sabbagh, Marwan N / Mathew, Philip / Blau, Alan

Alzheimer disease and associated disorders

2023 Volume 37, Issue 4, Page(s) 290–295

Abstract: Background: A once-weekly donepezil transdermal delivery system (TDS; Adlarity; Corium, LLC) is indicated for the treatment of mild, moderate, and severe dementia of the Alzheimer type.: Methods: In this placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind ... ...

Abstract	Background: A once-weekly donepezil transdermal delivery system (TDS; Adlarity; Corium, LLC) is indicated for the treatment of mild, moderate, and severe dementia of the Alzheimer type. Methods: In this placebo-controlled, randomized, double-blind phase 1 trial, healthy volunteers aged 40 years or older were randomized to receive a placebo and donepezil TDS and were evaluated for the primary endpoints of skin irritation and sensitization potential. Skin irritation was scored. Results: Two hundred fifty-six participants were randomized and received ≥1 dose of any treatment. After the first weekly TDS application, no skin irritation or minimal irritation was evident between donepezil and placebo TDSs. At the third weekly TDS application, for donepezil TDS, the average of the mean combined skin irritation score was 0.55 of a possible maximum of 7, indicating none to minimal skin irritation, and for placebo, the score was 0.19, indicating no skin irritation. Of 198 participants, 4 (2.0%) were considered potentially sensitized to donepezil TDS, and 0 were potentially sensitized to placebo TDS. Conclusion: Once-weekly 5-mg/d donepezil TDS demonstrated minimal skin irritation under conditions of use of 3 consecutive weekly patch applications to the same skin site and minimal sensitization potential.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Donepezil/therapeutic use ; Administration, Cutaneous ; Double-Blind Method ; Healthy Volunteers ; Skin ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/therapeutic use
Chemical Substances	Donepezil (8SSC91326P) ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-11
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Clinical Trial, Phase I ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	1002700-2
ISSN	1546-4156 ; 0893-0341
ISSN (online)	1546-4156
ISSN	0893-0341
DOI	10.1097/WAD.0000000000000578
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Article ; Online: Mirizzi syndrome

Syed Shafiq / Mallikarjun Patil / Mathew Philip

International Journal of Gastrointestinal Intervention, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 24-

A retrospective analysis of 84 patients from a single center

2022 Volume 28

Abstract: Background : : There is a paucity of literature regarding the prevalence of Mirizzi syndrome (MS) in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for obstructive jaundice. We aimed to describe the clinical presentation; ... ...

Abstract	Background : : There is a paucity of literature regarding the prevalence of Mirizzi syndrome (MS) in patients undergoing endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) for obstructive jaundice. We aimed to describe the clinical presentation; laboratory, imaging, and ERCP findings; and surgical management of patients with MS at our center. Methods : : A retrospective review was performed of the medical records of 3,852 consecutive patients who underwent ERCP between January 2010 to December 2019 at our center. Results : : MS was diagnosed in 84 (2.2%) of the patients who underwent ERCP, with 45 male and 39 female patients. Jaundice was the most common symptom (100%) followed by abdominal pain (91.6%). Leukocytosis and altered liver function tests were noted in all our patients. Although most of our patients had one or more pre-procedure imaging studies, MS was confirmed and subclassified based on cholangiographic and intraoperative findings. There were 11 post-cholecystectomy MS patients who opted for endoscopic therapy with repeated biliary stenting. Among the remaining 73 patients, 48 with type I and 21 with type II MS underwent open cholecystectomy, 4 with type III MS received cholecystectomy and choledochoduodenostomy, and another 4 patients with type II MS underwent subtotal cholecystectomy and choledochoplasty. Associated cystic duct abnormalities were noted in 20.2% of patients. Bile duct injuries occurred in 3 patients during an attempted laparoscopic procedure; however, no mortality was reported. Conclusion : : Although it is preferable to diagnose MS preoperatively, a preoperative diagnosis is seldom possible. ERCP is both a diagnostic and therapeutic procedure of choice before definitive surgery and helps to identify any associated cystic duct anomalies in these patients.
Keywords	cholangitis ; cholecystectomy ; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography ; mirizzi syndrome ; obstructive jaundice ; Medicine ; R ; Internal medicine ; RC31-1245 ; Specialties of internal medicine ; RC581-951 ; Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ; RC254-282
Subject code	610 ; 616
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Society of Gastrointestinal Intervention
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Personal Protective Equipment during Endoscopy

Shibi Mathew / Mathew Philip

Journal of Digestive Endoscopy, Vol 11, Iss 01, Pp 45-

2020 Volume 52

Abstract: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which originated in China has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This virus gets transmitted through air droplets and direct contact. Health care workers doing aerosol-generating ...

Abstract	The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) which originated in China has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO). This virus gets transmitted through air droplets and direct contact. Health care workers doing aerosol-generating procedures are at a higher risk of acquiring the infection. Many procedures done by the gastrointestinal endoscopists are classified as aerosol-generating procedures, which in turn underline the need for proper safety precautions during these procedures. Apart from general safety measures advised by various organizations, proper use of personal protective equipment (PPE) is a pivotal factor in safeguarding health care personnel during endoscopy. This article provides a short overview of the different PPEs available and their proper use in endoscopy.
Keywords	covid-19 ; ppe ; endoscopy ; Diseases of the digestive system. Gastroenterology ; RC799-869 ; covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Thieme Medical and Scientific Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Formulating a Community-Centric Indicator Framework to Quantify One Health Drivers of Antibiotic Resistance: A Preliminary Step towards Fostering 'Antibiotic-Smart Communities'.

Mathew, Philip / Chandy, Sujith J / Sivaraman, Satya / Ranjalkar, Jaya / Ali, Hyfa Mohammed / Thomas, Shruthi Anna

Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 13, Issue 1

Abstract: Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is increasing the mortality and morbidity associated with infectious diseases, besides increasing the cost of healthcare, saturating health system capacity, and adversely affecting food security. Framing an appropriate ... ...

Abstract	Antibiotic resistance (ABR) is increasing the mortality and morbidity associated with infectious diseases, besides increasing the cost of healthcare, saturating health system capacity, and adversely affecting food security. Framing an appropriate narrative and engaging local communities through the 'One Health' approach is essential to complement top-down measures. However, the absence of objective criteria to measure the performance of ABR interventions in community settings makes it difficult to mobilize interest and investment for such interventions. An exercise was therefore carried out to develop an indicator framework for this purpose. A comprehensive list of indicators was developed from experiences gathered through community engagement work in a local
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-08
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2681345-2
ISSN	2079-6382
ISSN	2079-6382
DOI	10.3390/antibiotics13010063
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Article: Generic drugs: Review and experiences from South India.

Mathew, Philip

Journal of family medicine and primary care

2015 Volume 4, Issue 3, Page(s) 319–323

Abstract: The cost of pharmaceuticals, as a percentage of total healthcare spending, has been rising worldwide. This has resulted in strained national budgets and a high proportion of people without access to essential medications. Though India has become a global ...

Abstract	The cost of pharmaceuticals, as a percentage of total healthcare spending, has been rising worldwide. This has resulted in strained national budgets and a high proportion of people without access to essential medications. Though India has become a global hub of generic drug manufacturing, the expected benefits of cheaper drugs are not translating into savings for ordinary people. This is in part due to the rise of branded generics, which are marketed at a price point close to the innovator brands. Unbranded generic medicines are not finding their way into prescriptions due to issues of confidence and perception, though they are proven to be much cheaper and comparable in efficacy to branded medicines. The drug inventory of unbranded generic manufacturers fares reasonably when reviewed using the World Health Organization-Health Action International (WHO-HAI) tool for analysing drug availability. Also, unbranded generic medicines are much cheaper when compared to the most selling brands and they can bring down the treatment costs in primary care and family practice. We share our experience in running a community pharmacy for an urban health center in the Pathanamthitta district of Kerala State, which is run solely on generic medicines. The drug availability at the community pharmacy was 73.3% when analyzed using WHO-HAI tool and the savings for the final consumers were up to 93.1%, when compared with most-selling brand of the same formulation.
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-04-13
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2735275-4
ISSN	2278-7135 ; 2249-4863
ISSN (online)	2278-7135
ISSN	2249-4863
DOI	10.4103/2249-4863.161305
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Article: The role of Schedule H1 and Red Line campaign in improving antibiotic use in India.

Mathew, Philip / Thomas, Shruthi Anna / Chandy, Sujith J

Journal of family medicine and primary care

2022 Volume 11, Issue 6, Page(s) 2656–2661

Abstract: Purpose: Over-the-counter (OTC) sale of antibiotics have contributed to the growing threat of antibiotic resistance. The Government of India has instituted regulatory measures, such as Schedule H1 and public campaigns such as Red Line Campaign, to limit ...

Abstract	Purpose: Over-the-counter (OTC) sale of antibiotics have contributed to the growing threat of antibiotic resistance. The Government of India has instituted regulatory measures, such as Schedule H1 and public campaigns such as Red Line Campaign, to limit such sales. This study was conducted to assess the perceptions of stakeholders regarding their effectiveness. Methods: To assess Schedule H1, pharmacists who own retail pharmacies in the state of Kerala, India, were interviewed using a pre-prepared question guide. In the next phase, healthcare professionals and patients in a hospital were shown the Red Line on an antibiotic blister pack and asked about its significance. Finally, 100 patients were shown a blister pack of Amoxicillin, and asked to identify the medicine or its use. Results: It was observed that there is poor awareness about antibiotic regulations and a perception of laxity in enforcement. Regarding the Red Line, only 7% of healthcare professionals could describe its significance and none among patients. Among the 100 patients who were shown Amoxicillin, only 42 could identify it as an antibiotic or describe its use. Conclusions: There is a general perception that regulations are poorly enforced and all are not aware of the Red Line campaign including healthcare professionals. Greater awareness at all levels about appropriate antibiotic use through prescriptions followed by greater efforts towards regulatory implementation and compliance should form parts of a multi-modal strategy to contain OTC sales of antibiotics. This will greatly help to aid physicians in improving overall healthcare through safe and effective prescribing.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-06-30
Publishing country	India
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2735275-4
ISSN	2278-7135 ; 2249-4863
ISSN (online)	2278-7135
ISSN	2249-4863
DOI	10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1811_21
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Book ; Online: Evaluating Trade-offs in Computer Vision Between Attribute Privacy, Fairness and Utility

Paul, William / Mathew, Philip / Alajaji, Fady / Burlina, Philippe

2023

Abstract: This paper investigates to what degree and magnitude tradeoffs exist between utility, fairness and attribute privacy in computer vision. Regarding privacy, we look at this important problem specifically in the context of attribute inference attacks, a ... ...

Abstract	This paper investigates to what degree and magnitude tradeoffs exist between utility, fairness and attribute privacy in computer vision. Regarding privacy, we look at this important problem specifically in the context of attribute inference attacks, a less addressed form of privacy. To create a variety of models with different preferences, we use adversarial methods to intervene on attributes relating to fairness and privacy. We see that that certain tradeoffs exist between fairness and utility, privacy and utility, and between privacy and fairness. The results also show that those tradeoffs and interactions are more complex and nonlinear between the three goals than intuition would suggest.
Keywords	Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Publishing date	2023-02-15
Publishing country	us
Document type	Book ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Prospective, open-label, randomized, parallel group, comparative clinical study of two topical formulations of diclofenac diethylamine in the treatment of acute painful musculoskeletal conditions

Yogesh Sharma / Vivek Mathew Philip / Saurabh Sharma

Journal of Marine Medical Society, Vol 22, Iss 1, Pp 35-

2020 Volume 39

Abstract: Background: Oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been used in the management of musculoskeletal pain due to inconsistent skin penetration of topical formulations. The quick penetrating solution of diclofenac is a novel topical solution of ... ...

Abstract	Background: Oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have been used in the management of musculoskeletal pain due to inconsistent skin penetration of topical formulations. The quick penetrating solution of diclofenac is a novel topical solution of diclofenac diethylamine (4.64%), which has increased skin penetration. The present study was designed to compare the efficacy and safety of quick penetrating solution of diclofenac with diclofenac gel in patients with acute musculoskeletal pain. Materials and Methods: A randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in 140 patients suffering from acute musculoskeletal pain who were randomized to receive diclofenac diethylamine 4.64% w/v topical solution (Group A) or diclofenac diethylamine 1.16% gel (Group B). The pain intensity difference (PID) between patients in both groups at rest and during movement of the affected area on day 3 and day 7 after injury was noted using the visual analog scale (VAS) and were compared with the baseline. A comparison of the requirement of oral rescue analgesics and adverse effects in both groups was also carried out. Results: The PID in VAS from baseline was significantly better in patients in Group A than patients in Group B on days 3 (3.74 and 2.42;P< 0.05) and 7 (6.8 and 5.54,P< 0.05), respectively, at rest. The PID in VAS from baseline was significantly better in patients in Group A than patients in Group B on day 3 (4.05 and 2.65;P< 0.05) and day 7 (7.34 and 6.00,P< 0.05), respectively, during movement. The number of patients requiring rescue medications were significantly lower in Group A (n = 1) compared to Group B (n = 16) (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Diclofenac diethylamine 4.64% w/v is more effective in relieving acute pain in painful musculoskeletal conditions in comparison with diclofenac diethylamine topical gel 1.16% w/w with lesser requirement of rescue analgesics and minimal adverse effects.
Keywords	diclofenac diethylamine ; nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ; quick penetration solution ; topical ; visual analog scale ; Naval Science ; V ; Medicine ; R
Subject code	610
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Wolters Kluwer Medknow Publications
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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