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Article ; Online: Pour la création d’une fenêtre de financement pauvreté-adaptation-atténuation dans le Fonds Vert Climat

Mathy Sandrine

Natures Sciences Sociétés, Vol 23, Pp S29-S

2015 Volume 40

Abstract: Les enjeux de réduction de la pauvreté sont liés de manière inextricable aux enjeux du changement climatique : celui-ci risque de ralentir, voire d’inverser, la courbe de réduction de la pauvreté, mais les trajectoires d’émissions compatibles avec une ... ...

Abstract	Les enjeux de réduction de la pauvreté sont liés de manière inextricable aux enjeux du changement climatique : celui-ci risque de ralentir, voire d’inverser, la courbe de réduction de la pauvreté, mais les trajectoires d’émissions compatibles avec une limitation à 2 °C du réchauffement sont telles que la sortie de la pauvreté devra se faire en intégrant la contrainte d’un développement bas carbone. Or, jusqu’à présent, les différents fonds climat existants ont échoué à proposer des réponses concrètes pour cibler la sortie de la pauvreté comme politique d’adaptation prioritaire ou selon des modalités contribuant à des trajectoires bas carbone. Pour répondre à ce manque, le Fonds Vert Climat pourrait créer une fenêtre de financement pauvreté-adaptation-atténuation dédiée à la mise en œuvre de synergies ciblant une amélioration de la satisfaction de besoins fondamentaux et intégrant les deux dimensions adaptation et atténuation. Ce mécanisme de soutien, basé sur des indicateurs de satisfaction de besoins fondamentaux, pourrait constituer un élément de réponse aux pays en développement qui font de l’élimination de la pauvreté leur priorité absolue.
Keywords	environnement ; changement climatique ; fonds vert climat ; pauvreté ; cop 21 ; Science ; Q ; Social Sciences ; H
Language	French
Publishing date	2015-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies.

Rigaud, Maxime / Buekers, Jurgen / Bessems, Jos / Basagaña, Xavier / Mathy, Sandrine / Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark / Slama, Rémy

Environmental health : a global access science source

2024 Volume 23, Issue 1, Page(s) 13

Abstract: Once an external factor has been deemed likely to influence human health and a dose response function is available, an assessment of its health impact or that of policies aimed at influencing this and possibly other factors in a specific population can ... ...

Abstract	Once an external factor has been deemed likely to influence human health and a dose response function is available, an assessment of its health impact or that of policies aimed at influencing this and possibly other factors in a specific population can be obtained through a quantitative risk assessment, or health impact assessment (HIA) study. The health impact is usually expressed as a number of disease cases or disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) attributable to or expected from the exposure or policy. We review the methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies based on human data. The main steps of such studies include definition of counterfactual scenarios related to the exposure or policy, exposure(s) assessment, quantification of risks (usually relying on literature-based dose response functions), possibly economic assessment, followed by uncertainty analyses. We discuss issues and make recommendations relative to the accuracy and geographic scale at which factors are assessed, which can strongly influence the study results. If several factors are considered simultaneously, then correlation, mutual influences and possibly synergy between them should be taken into account. Gaps or issues in the methodology of quantitative risk assessment studies include 1) proposing a formal approach to the quantitative handling of the level of evidence regarding each exposure-health pair (essential to consider emerging factors); 2) contrasting risk assessment based on human dose-response functions with that relying on toxicological data; 3) clarification of terminology of health impact assessment and human-based risk assessment studies, which are actually very similar, and 4) other technical issues related to the simultaneous consideration of several factors, in particular when they are causally linked.
MeSH term(s)	Risk Assessment/methods ; Research Design
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-27
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2092232-2
ISSN	1476-069X ; 1476-069X
ISSN (online)	1476-069X
ISSN	1476-069X
DOI	10.1186/s12940-023-01039-x
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Les enjeux de l’interdisciplinarité de la recherche et des parcours de formation sur le changement climatique

Mathy Sandrine / Labussière Olivier / Lavorel Sabine / Lebel Thierry / Schmitt Bertrand

Natures Sciences Sociétés, Vol 29, Iss 1, Pp 68-

l’école d’été « Autour du 2 °C »

2021 Volume 76

Abstract: En 2017 et 2019 ont eu lieu les deux premières éditions de l’école d’été « Autour du 2 °C » consacrée aux enjeux de l’interdisciplinarité de la recherche et des parcours de formation sur le changement climatique. Nous revenons dans ce texte sur les ... ...

Abstract	En 2017 et 2019 ont eu lieu les deux premières éditions de l’école d’été « Autour du 2 °C » consacrée aux enjeux de l’interdisciplinarité de la recherche et des parcours de formation sur le changement climatique. Nous revenons dans ce texte sur les motivations qui ont conduit au lancement de cette initiative, ainsi que sur le positionnement et le déroulement de ces deux premières éditions, qui ont permis de mettre en évidence les défis scientifiques et sociopolitiques que soulève la mise en œuvre de l’interdisciplinarité dans la recherche, notamment sur un objet aussi protéiforme que le changement climatique. Ce texte constitue également une opportunité de faire le point sur les évolutions possibles de cette école au regard des enjeux sociétaux et scientifiques associés à la compréhension et à la gestion de l’impact des changements globaux sur notre environnement et sur nos sociétés.
Keywords	changement climatique ; école d’été ; interdisciplinarité ; recherche ; liens science-société ; Science ; Q ; Social Sciences ; H
Language	French
Publishing date	2021-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	EDP Sciences
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Dynamic modeling of global fossil fuel infrastructure and materials needs: Overcoming a lack of available data

Le Boulzec, Hugo / Delannoy, Louis / Andrieu, Baptiste / Verzier, François / Vidal, Olivier / Mathy, Sandrine

Applied energy. 2022 Aug. 16,

2022

Abstract: The low-carbon energy transition requires a widespread change in global energy infrastructures which in turn calls for important inputs of energy and materials. While the transport and electricity sectors have been thoroughly analyzed in this regard, ... ...

Abstract	The low-carbon energy transition requires a widespread change in global energy infrastructures which in turn calls for important inputs of energy and materials. While the transport and electricity sectors have been thoroughly analyzed in this regard, that of the hydrocarbon industry has not received the same attention, maybe in part due to the difficulty of access to the necessary data. To fill this gap, we assemble public-domain data from a wide variety of sources to present a stock-flow dynamic model of the fossil fuels supply chain. It is conducted from 1950 to 2050 and along scenarios from the International Energy Agency. We estimate the concrete, steel, aluminum and copper requirements for each segment, as well as the embedded energy and CO₂ emissions through a dynamic material flow analysis (MFA) model. We find that (i) the material intensities of oil, gas and coal supply chains have stagnated for more than 30 years; (ii) gas is the main driver of current and future material consumption; and (iii) recycled steel from decommissioned fossil fuels infrastructures could meet the cumulative need of future low-carbon technologies and reduce its energy and environmental toll. Furthermore, we highlight that regional decommissioning strategies significantly affect the potential of material recycling and reuse. In this context, ambitious decommissioning strategies could drive a symbolic move to build future renewable technologies from past fossil fuel structures.
Keywords	aluminum ; carbon dioxide ; coal ; concrete ; dynamic models ; electricity ; embodied energy ; industry ; infrastructure ; material flow analysis ; oils ; steel ; supply chain
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0816
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2000772-3
ISSN	0306-2619
ISSN	0306-2619
DOI	10.1016/j.apenergy.2022.119871
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Proposal for a poverty-adaptation-mitigation window within the Green Climate Fund

Mathy, Sandrine / Blanchard, Odile

Climate policy. 2016 Aug. 17, v. 16, no. 6

2016

Abstract: The stakes for alleviating poverty and avoiding unbridled climate change are inextricably linked. Climate change impacts will slow down and may even reverse trends in poverty reduction. The pathways consistent with global warming of no more than 2 °C ... ...

Abstract	The stakes for alleviating poverty and avoiding unbridled climate change are inextricably linked. Climate change impacts will slow down and may even reverse trends in poverty reduction. The pathways consistent with global warming of no more than 2 °C require strategies for poverty alleviation to make allowance for the constraint of low-carbon development. Existing climate funds have failed to target poverty alleviation as a high-priority strategy for adaptation or as a component of low-carbon development. This article proposes a funding window as part of the Green Climate Fund in order to foster synergies targeting greater satisfaction of basic needs, while making allowance for adaptation and mitigation. This financial mechanism is based on indicators of the satisfaction of basic needs and could respond to the claims of the developing countries, which see alleviating poverty as the first priority in climate negotiations. It defines a country continuum, given that there are poor people everywhere; all developing countries are therefore eligible with a mechanism of this sort. Policy relevance The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) calls for substantial emissions reductions and adaptation strategies over the next decades to reduce the high risks of severe impacts of climate change over the 21st century. Industrialized countries and developing countries alike recognize the need to mitigate climate change and to adapt to it. But they face many challenges that lead to an ‘emissions gap’ between an emissions level consistent with the 2 °C increase limit and the voluntary pledges that they have made thus far in the climate negotiations (United Nations Environment Programme. (2014). The Emissions Gap Report 2014. A UNEP synthesis report). In this arena, many developing countries underline that their first domestic priority is the satisfaction of basic needs. In the run-up to the next climate negotiations at the 21st Conference of the Parties (COP 21) in Paris, the proposed poverty-adaptation-mitigation funding window could contribute to alleviate the conflict between development and climate goals in developing countries. In this sense, it could spur developing countries to integrate more ambitious emissions limitations pledges into their Intended Nationally Determined Contributions. This could in turn entice industrialized countries to act similarly. In the end, it could pave the way to an ambitious climate agreement in Paris at COP 21.
Keywords	United Nations Environment Programme ; climate ; developed countries ; developing countries ; emissions ; funding ; global warming ; issues and policy ; people ; poverty ; risk
Language	English
Dates of publication	2016-0817
Size	p. 752-767.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2051510-8
ISSN	1752-7457 ; 1469-3062
ISSN (online)	1752-7457
ISSN	1469-3062
DOI	10.1080/14693062.2015.1050348
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: After the Paris Agreement: Measuring the Global Decarbonization Wedges From National Energy Scenarios

Mathy, Sandrine / Patrick Criqui / Philippe Menanteau

Ecological economics. 2018 Aug., v. 150

2018

Abstract: The new bottom-up approach of the Paris agreement calls for a better understanding of the domestic dimension of development pathways and of the implications for global emissions trajectory. To this end, it is of strategic importance to provide a common ... ...

Abstract	The new bottom-up approach of the Paris agreement calls for a better understanding of the domestic dimension of development pathways and of the implications for global emissions trajectory. To this end, it is of strategic importance to provide a common framework that makes it possible to identify the key decarbonization wedges at the national level and to highlight the potential benefits of international cooperation. The article proposes an advanced index decomposition analysis methodology based on sectoral energy service indicators and on a specific decomposition in the power sector for quantifying the contribution of different mitigation strategies. It is applied to national deep decarbonization pathways elaborated in the Deep Decarbonization Pathway Project (DDPP) by the sixteen largest GHG emitting countries. In a global perspective, the results reveal the key role of energy efficiency and decarbonization of energy carriers in the industry sector, deployment of renewables in the power sector and, to a lesser extent, coal/gas substitution, and efficiency and energy decarbonization in the transport sector. The analysis also calls for a deeper understanding of the role a reduction in energy-service demand can play in mitigation scenarios and of the respective contribution for industry of energy efficiency and structural change.
Keywords	coal ; emissions ; energy efficiency ; greenhouse gases ; industry ; international cooperation ; United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
Language	English
Dates of publication	2018-08
Size	p. 273-289.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ISSN	0921-8009
DOI	10.1016/j.ecolecon.2018.04.012
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Designing local air pollution policies focusing on mobility and heating to avoid a targeted number of pollution-related deaths: Forward and backward approaches combining air pollution modeling, health impact assessment and cost-benefit analysis

Bouscasse, Hélène / Gabet, Stephan / Kerneis, Glen / Provent, Ariane / Rieux, Camille / Ben Salem, Nabil / Dupont, Harry / Troude, Florence / Mathy, Sandrine / Slama, Rémy

Environment international. 2022 Jan. 15, v. 159

2022

Abstract: Policies aiming at decreasing air pollutants (e.g., fine particulate matter, PM₂.₅) are often designed without targeting an explicit health benefit nor carrying out cost-benefit analyses.We developed a transdisciplinary backward and forward approach at ... ...

Abstract	Policies aiming at decreasing air pollutants (e.g., fine particulate matter, PM₂.₅) are often designed without targeting an explicit health benefit nor carrying out cost-benefit analyses.We developed a transdisciplinary backward and forward approach at the conurbation level: from health objectives set by local decision-makers, we estimated which reductions in PM₂.₅ exposures and emissions would allow to reach them, and identified urban policies leading to these reductions (backward approach). We finally conducted health impact and cost-benefit analyses of these policies (forward approach). The policies were related to the most emitting sectors in the considered area (Grenoble, France), wood heating and transport sectors. The forward approach also considered the health impact and co-benefits of these policies related to changes in physical activity and CO₂ emissions.Decision-makers set three health targets, corresponding to decreases by 33% to 67% in PM₂.₅-attributable mortality in 2030, compared to 2016. A decrease by 42% in PM₂.₅ exposure (from 13.9 µg/m³) was required to reach the decrease by 67% in PM₂.₅-attributable mortality. For each Euro invested, the total benefit was about 30€ for policies focusing on wood heating, and 1 to 68€ for traffic policies. Acting on a single sector was not enough to attain a 67% decrease in PM₂.₅-attributable mortality. This target could be achieved by replacing all inefficient wood heating equipment by low-emission pellet stoves and reducing by 36% the traffic of private motorized vehicles. This would require to increase the share of active modes (walking, biking…), inducing increases in physical activity and additional health benefits beyond the initial target. Annual net benefits were between €484 and €629 per capita for policies with report on active modes, compared to between €162 and €270 without.Urban policies strongly reducing air pollution-attributable mortality can be identified by our approach. Such policies can be cost-efficient.
Keywords	air ; air pollution ; carbon dioxide ; cost benefit analysis ; cost effectiveness ; decision making ; environment ; equipment ; health effects assessments ; heat ; mortality ; particulates ; traffic ; wood ; France
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0115
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2021.107030
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Which decreases in air pollution should be targeted to bring health and economic benefits and improve environmental justice?

Morelli, Xavier / Gabet, Stephan / Rieux, Camille / Bouscasse, Hélène / Mathy, Sandrine / Slama, Rémy

Environment international. 2019 Aug., v. 129

2019

Abstract: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure entails large health effects in many urban areas. Public measures aiming at decreasing air pollution are often designed without targeting an explicit health benefit. Our objective was to investigate the health and ...

Abstract	Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) exposure entails large health effects in many urban areas. Public measures aiming at decreasing air pollution are often designed without targeting an explicit health benefit. Our objective was to investigate the health and economic benefits and the social inequalities in exposure resulting from several scenarios of reduction of PM2.5 exposure, in order to support decisions about urban policies.In the French conurbations of Grenoble and Lyon (0.4 and 1.4 million inhabitants, respectively), PM2.5 yearly average exposure was estimated on a 10-m grid by coupling a PM2.5 dispersion model to population density. Changes in death cases, life expectancy, lung cancer and term low birth weight incident cases as well as associated health economic costs were estimated for ten PM2.5 reduction scenarios differing in terms of amplitude of reduction and spatial extent. Changes in social differences in PM2.5 exposure were also assessed.During the 2015–2017 period, PM2.5 average exposure was 13.9 μg/m3 in Grenoble and 15.3 μg/m3 in Lyon conurbations. Exposure to PM2.5 led to an estimated 145 (95% Confidence Interval, CI, 90–199) and 531 (95% CI, 330–729) premature deaths, 16 (95% CI, 8–24) and 65 (95% CI, 30–96) incident lung cancers, and 49 (95% CI, 19–76) and 193 (95% CI, 76–295) term low birth weight cases each year in Grenoble and Lyon conurbations, respectively, compared to a situation without PM2.5 anthropogenic sources, i.e. a PM2.5 concentration of 4.9 μg/m3. The associated costs amounted to 495 (Grenoble) and 1767 (Lyon) M€/year for the intangible costs related to all-cause non-accidental mortality and 27 and 105 M€ for the tangible and intangible costs induced by lung cancer. A PM2.5 exposure reduction down to the WHO air quality guideline (10 μg/m3) would reduce anthropogenic PM2.5-attributable mortality by half while decreases by 2.9 μg/m3 (Grenoble) and 3.3 μg/m3 (Lyon) were required to reduce it by a third. Scenarios focusing only on the most exposed areas had little overall impact. Scenarios seeking to reach a homogeneous exposure in the whole study area were the most efficient in alleviating social inequalities in exposure.Reduction scenarios targeting only air pollution hotspots had little expected impact on population health. We provided estimates of the PM2.5 change required to reduce PM2.5-attributable mortality by one third or more. Our approach can help targeting air pollution reduction scenarios expected to entail significant benefits, and it could easily be transposed to other urban areas.
Keywords	World Health Organization ; air pollution ; air quality ; anthropogenic activities ; confidence interval ; death ; economic costs ; financial economics ; guidelines ; health effects assessments ; longevity ; low birth weight ; lung neoplasms ; models ; mortality ; particulates ; pollution control ; population density ; social inequality ; urban areas
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-08
Size	p. 538-550.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.077
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Élaboration et analyse macroéconomique d'un scénario bas carbone "acceptable"

Bibas, Ruben / Fink, Meike / Mathy, Sandrine

Economie & prévision : EP Vol. 208/209, No. 1/2 , p. 77-104

Design and macreconomic analysis of an "acceptable" low-carbon scenario

2016 Volume 208, Issue 1, Page(s) 77–104

Author's details	Ruben Bibas, Sandrine Mathy, Meike Fink
Keywords	energy transition ; low-carbon scenarios ; climate policy ; carbon tax ; stakeholder consultation ; acceptability ; economic assessment ; general equilibrium CGE model
Language	French
Publisher	Documentation Française
Publishing place	Paris
Document type	Article
Note	Zusammenfassung in englischer Sprache
ZDB-ID	779090-9
ISSN	0249-4744
Database	ECONomics Information System

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Article ; Online: Which decreases in air pollution should be targeted to bring health and economic benefits and improve environmental justice?

Morelli, Xavier / Gabet, Stephan / Rieux, Camille / Bouscasse, Hélène / Mathy, Sandrine / Slama, Rémy

Environment international

2019 Volume 129, Page(s) 538–550

Abstract: Background: Fine particulate matter (PM: Material and methods: In the French conurbations of Grenoble and Lyon (0.4 and 1.4 million inhabitants, respectively), PM: Results: During the 2015-2017 period, PM: Conclusions: Reduction scenarios ... ...

Abstract	Background: Fine particulate matter (PM Material and methods: In the French conurbations of Grenoble and Lyon (0.4 and 1.4 million inhabitants, respectively), PM Results: During the 2015-2017 period, PM Conclusions: Reduction scenarios targeting only air pollution hotspots had little expected impact on population health. We provided estimates of the PM
MeSH term(s)	Air Pollutants/chemistry ; Air Pollutants/toxicity ; Air Pollution/economics ; Air Pollution/prevention & control ; Humans ; Life Expectancy ; Particulate Matter/chemistry ; Population Density ; Social Justice
Chemical Substances	Air Pollutants ; Particulate Matter
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-06-01
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	554791-x
ISSN	1873-6750 ; 0160-4120
ISSN (online)	1873-6750
ISSN	0160-4120
DOI	10.1016/j.envint.2019.04.077
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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