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  1. Article: Autoimmune Hepatitis and Fibrosis.

    Pellicano, Rinaldo / Ferro, Arianna / Cicerchia, Francesca / Mattivi, Simone / Fagoonee, Sharmila / Durazzo, Marilena

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2023  Volume 12, Issue 5

    Abstract: Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-inflammatory disease of the liver, generally considered a rare condition. The clinical manifestation is extremely varied and can range from paucisymptomatic forms to severe hepatitis. Chronic liver damage ... ...

    Abstract Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic immune-inflammatory disease of the liver, generally considered a rare condition. The clinical manifestation is extremely varied and can range from paucisymptomatic forms to severe hepatitis. Chronic liver damage causes activation of hepatic and inflammatory cells leading to inflammation and oxidative stress through the production of mediators. This results in increased collagen production and extracellular matrix deposition leading to fibrosis and even cirrhosis. The gold standard for the diagnosis of fibrosis is liver biopsy; however, there are serum biomarkers, scoring systems, and radiological methods useful for diagnosis and staging. The goal of AIH treatment is to suppress fibrotic and inflammatory activities in the liver to prevent disease progression and achieve complete remission. Therapy involves the use of classic steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and immunosuppressants, but in recent years scientific research has focused on several new alternative drugs for AIH that will be discussed in the review.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-02
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm12051979
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Extra-Intestinal Manifestations of Celiac Disease: What Should We Know in 2022?

    Durazzo, Marilena / Ferro, Arianna / Brascugli, Isabella / Mattivi, Simone / Fagoonee, Sharmila / Pellicano, Rinaldo

    Journal of clinical medicine

    2022  Volume 11, Issue 1

    Abstract: Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic, small-intestinal, immune-mediated enteropathy due to gluten exposition in genetically predisposed individuals. It occurs in about 1% of the population and often remains an underdiagnosed condition. This could be due to ... ...

    Abstract Celiac disease (CD) is a chronic, small-intestinal, immune-mediated enteropathy due to gluten exposition in genetically predisposed individuals. It occurs in about 1% of the population and often remains an underdiagnosed condition. This could be due to the fact that the adult population often lacks the classical signs and symptoms of CD, manifesting only atypical symptoms. In this review we analyzed the main extra-intestinal manifestations of CD which include cutaneous and endocrinological disorders, abnormal liver function tests, and neuropsychiatric features. When CD is not diagnosed and therefore is not treated with a gluten-free diet (GFD), it can predispose to severe complications, not only gastrointestinal. Thus, it is important for clinicians to quickly recognize the atypical manifestations of CD, considering that an early diagnosis can significantly impact on a patient's prognosis.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-04
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2662592-1
    ISSN 2077-0383
    ISSN 2077-0383
    DOI 10.3390/jcm11010258
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Extracellular Vesicles as Delivery Vehicles for Non-Coding RNAs: Potential Biomarkers for Chronic Liver Diseases.

    Ferro, Arianna / Saccu, Gabriele / Mattivi, Simone / Gaido, Andrea / Herrera Sanchez, Maria Beatriz / Haque, Shafiul / Silengo, Lorenzo / Altruda, Fiorella / Durazzo, Marilena / Fagoonee, Sharmila

    Biomolecules

    2024  Volume 14, Issue 3

    Abstract: In recent years, EVs have emerged as promising vehicles for coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which have demonstrated remarkable potential as biomarkers for various diseases, including chronic liver diseases (CLDs). EVs are small, membrane-bound ... ...

    Abstract In recent years, EVs have emerged as promising vehicles for coding and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), which have demonstrated remarkable potential as biomarkers for various diseases, including chronic liver diseases (CLDs). EVs are small, membrane-bound particles released by cells, carrying an arsenal of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and other ncRNA species, such as piRNAs, circRNAs, and tsRNAs. These ncRNAs act as key regulators of gene expression, splicing, and translation, providing a comprehensive molecular snapshot of the cells of origin. The non-invasive nature of EV sampling, typically via blood or serum collection, makes them highly attractive candidates for clinical biomarker applications. Moreover, EV-encapsulated ncRNAs offer unique advantages over traditional cell-free ncRNAs due to their enhanced stability within the EVs, hence allowing for their detection in circulation for extended periods and enabling more sensitive and reliable biomarker measurements. Numerous studies have investigated the potential of EV-enclosed ncRNAs as biomarkers for CLD. MiRNAs, in particular, have gained significant attention due to their ability to rapidly respond to changes in cellular stress and inflammation, hallmarks of CLD pathogenesis. Elevated levels of specific miRNAs have been consistently associated with various CLD subtypes, including metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), and chronic hepatitis B and C. LncRNAs have also emerged as promising biomarkers for CLD. These transcripts are involved in a wide range of cellular processes, including liver regeneration, fibrosis, and cancer progression. Studies have shown that lncRNA expression profiles can distinguish between different CLD subtypes, providing valuable insights into disease progression and therapeutic response. Promising EV-enclosed ncRNA biomarkers for CLD included miR-122 (elevated levels of miR-122 are associated with MASLD progression and liver fibrosis), miR-21 (increased expression of miR-21 is linked to liver inflammation and fibrosis in CLD patients), miR-192 (elevated levels of miR-192 are associated with more advanced stages of CLD, including cirrhosis and HCC), LncRNA HOTAIR (increased HOTAIR expression is associated with MASLD progression and MASH development), and LncRNA H19 (dysregulation of H19 expression is linked to liver fibrosis and HCC progression). In the present review, we focus on the EV-enclosed ncRNAs as promising tools for the diagnosis and monitoring of CLD of various etiologies.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular/genetics ; Liver Neoplasms/genetics ; RNA, Untranslated/physiology ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; Liver Cirrhosis/diagnosis ; Liver Cirrhosis/genetics ; Liver Cirrhosis/pathology ; Extracellular Vesicles/metabolism ; Fatty Liver/pathology
    Chemical Substances RNA, Long Noncoding ; RNA, Untranslated ; MicroRNAs ; Biomarkers
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2701262-1
    ISSN 2218-273X ; 2218-273X
    ISSN (online) 2218-273X
    ISSN 2218-273X
    DOI 10.3390/biom14030277
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Prognostic role of left atrial enlargement in patients with implantable cardioverter defibrillators for primary prevention.

    Bissolino, Arianna / Andreis, Alessandro / Magnano, Massimo / Budano, Carlo / Saglietto, Andrea / Angelini, Filippo / Roagna, Edoardo / Mattivi, Simone / Peyracchia, Mattia / Errigo, Daniele / Golzio, Pier Giorgio / Castagno, Davide / Giustetto, Carla / De Ferrari, Gaetano Maria

    Acta cardiologica

    2020  Volume 77, Issue 1, Page(s) 45–50

    Abstract: Purpose: Left atrial volume index (LAVI) is a predictor of heart failure and adverse events, irrespective of left ventricular systolic function. The role of LAVI in the prediction of appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapies is ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Left atrial volume index (LAVI) is a predictor of heart failure and adverse events, irrespective of left ventricular systolic function. The role of LAVI in the prediction of appropriate implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) therapies is currently unclear and was the focus of this study.
    Methods: Consecutive heart failure patients with ischaemic (ICM) or idiopathic (DCM) aetiology receiving ICD for primary prevention were included. The primary endpoint was the occurrence of appropriate ICD therapies (ATs): shocks or antitachycardia pacing (ATP). Inappropriate ICD shocks were also assessed as secondary endpoint.
    Results: Among 198 included patients, severe left atrial dilatation (SLAE = LAVI ≥ 60 ml/m
    Conclusion: In DCM or ICM patients candidate to receive an ICD for primary prevention, a severely enlarged left atrium is a predictive factor for ATs (shocks or ATP). The risk of inappropriate shocks was increased in patients with atrial fibrillation, rather than SLAE.
    MeSH term(s) Atrial Fibrillation/complications ; Atrial Fibrillation/diagnosis ; Atrial Fibrillation/therapy ; Defibrillators, Implantable/adverse effects ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Primary Prevention ; Prognosis ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 390197-x
    ISSN 1784-973X ; 0001-5385
    ISSN (online) 1784-973X
    ISSN 0001-5385
    DOI 10.1080/00015385.2020.1856491
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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