Article ; Online: Increased protein intake is associated with uncontrolled blood pressure by 24-hour ambulatory blood pressure monitoring in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Journal of the American College of Nutrition
2015 Volume 34, Issue 3, Page(s) 232–239
Abstract: Objective: To analyze possible associations of dietary components, especially protein intake, with blood pressure (BP) during ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in patients with type 2 diabetes.: Methods: In this cross-sectional study, BP of outpatients ...
| Abstract | Objective: To analyze possible associations of dietary components, especially protein intake, with blood pressure (BP) during ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, BP of outpatients with type 2 diabetes was evaluated by 24-hour ABPM (Spacelabs 90207) and usual diet by 3-day weighed diet records. Patients were divided into 2 groups according to their daytime ABPM: uncontrolled BP (systolic BP ≥ 135 mmHg or diastolic BP ≥ 85 mmHg) and controlled BP (systolic BP < 135 mmHg and diastolic BP < 85 mmHg). Logistic regression models unadjusted and adjusted for possible confounders (covariates) were used to analyze the association of protein and uncontrolled BP. Results: A total of 121 patients with type 2 diabetes aged 62.3 years, 54.5% of whom were women, were studied. The uncontrolled BP group had higher glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) values (8.4 ± 2.0 vs 7.6 ± 1.3%; p = 0.04) and consumed more protein (20.0 ± 3.8 vs 18.2 ± 3.6% of energy; p = 0.01) and meat, (2.6 [1.45, 2.95] vs 2.0 [1.49, 2.90] g/kg weight; p = 0.04) than the controlled BP group. In a multivariate analysis, protein intake (% of energy) increased the chance for uncontrolled BP (odds ratio [OR] = 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.02, 1.30; p = 0.02), adjusted for body mass index (BMI), HbA1C, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, number of antihypertensive medications, and ethnicity. Meat consumption higher than 3.08 g/kg weight/day more than doubled the chance for uncontrolled BP (OR = 2.53; 95% CI, 1.01, 7.60; p = 0.03). Conclusion: High protein intake and meat consumption were associated with high daytime ABPM values in patients with type 2 diabetes. Reducing meat intake might represent an additional dietary intervention in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes. |
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| MeSH term(s) | Aged ; Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/diet therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/physiopathology ; Diabetic Angiopathies/etiology ; Dietary Proteins/adverse effects ; Energy Intake ; Female ; Glycated Hemoglobin A/analysis ; Humans ; Hypertension/etiology ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Meat ; Middle Aged |
| Chemical Substances | Dietary Proteins ; Glycated Hemoglobin A |
| Language | English |
| Publishing date | 2015 |
| Publishing country | United States |
| Document type | Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't |
| ZDB-ID | 603204-7 |
| ISSN | 1541-1087 ; 0731-5724 |
| ISSN (online) | 1541-1087 |
| ISSN | 0731-5724 |
| DOI | 10.1080/07315724.2014.926155 |
| Database | MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE |
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