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  1. Article: Characterization of the feeding behavior of three Erythroneura species on grapevine by histological and DC‐electrical penetration graph techniques

    Saguez, Julien / Giordanengo, Philippe / Lasnier, Jacques / Lemoyne, Pierre / Mauffette, Yves / Olivier, Chrystel / Vincent, Charles

    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata. 2015 Nov., v. 157, no. 2

    2015  

    Abstract: Feeding behavior of three leafhopper species – Erythroneura vitis (Harris), Erythroneura ziczac (Walsh), and Erythroneura elegantula (Say) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) – reared on grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Seyval blanc’ (Vitaceae), was investigated ... ...

    Abstract Feeding behavior of three leafhopper species – Erythroneura vitis (Harris), Erythroneura ziczac (Walsh), and Erythroneura elegantula (Say) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) – reared on grapevine, Vitis vinifera L. cv. ‘Seyval blanc’ (Vitaceae), was investigated using histological techniques and DC‐electrical penetration graphs (DC‐EPG). Histological studies revealed that the Erythroneura species induced white stipples on the leaves and that these leafhoppers produced thin salivary sheaths in grapevine leaf tissues. The DC‐EPG system allowed the characterization of five waveforms associated with stylet penetration and feeding in leaf tissues. These waveforms were characteristic of feeding phases corresponding to epidermis penetration pathway, salivation, and ingestion. We calculated 28 parameters (e.g., number of probes, duration of phases, and time spent in the various tissues) to describe and compare the feeding behavior of the Erythroneura species. We conclude that the three Erythroneura species are mainly mesophyll feeders but may probably also feed in other tissues such as xylem.
    Keywords Erythroneura elegantula ; Erythroneura ziczac ; feeding behavior ; graphs ; histology ; ingestion ; leaves ; mesophyll ; rearing ; salivation ; stylets ; Vitis vinifera ; xylem
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2015-11
    Size p. 227-240.
    Publishing place Kluwer Academic Publishers
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 216272-6
    ISSN 0013-8703
    ISSN 0013-8703
    DOI 10.1111/eea.12353
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  2. Article: A laboratory assessment of the toxic attributes of six ‘reduced risk insecticides’ on Galendromus occidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae)

    Lefebvre, Maxime / Bostanian, Noubar J / Thistlewood, Howard M.A / Mauffette, Yves / Racette, Gaétan

    Chemosphere. 2011 June, v. 84, no. 1

    2011  

    Abstract: The modified excised leaf disc method was used to measure the effects of six insecticides on eggs, larvae, adults, and female fecundity of Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) in a ‘worst case laboratory exposure’. This study identified insecticides that ... ...

    Abstract The modified excised leaf disc method was used to measure the effects of six insecticides on eggs, larvae, adults, and female fecundity of Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) in a ‘worst case laboratory exposure’. This study identified insecticides that would be recommended for tier II field evaluations for an integrated pest management program. Commercially formulated insecticides were applied with a thin-layer chromatography sprayer adjusted to 10.34kPa (1.5psi), at the recommended label concentrations in Canada. LC50 values were estimated from aliquots above and below that concentration. Spinetoram and spirotetramat were toxic at label concentrations. The label concentration for spinetoram was 34.3-fold the LC50 estimate (0.006gL−1) and for spirotetramat the label concentration was 7.7-fold the LC50 estimate (0.03gL−1). Clothianidin was considerably less toxic and the label concentration was 0.15-fold the LC50 estimate (2.29gL−1). Estimates of LC50 for novaluron and chlorantraniliprole could not be established. Both materials showed slight toxicity to at least one growth stage of the predator. Novaluron, clothianidin and chlorantraniliprole should be evaluated in the field for compatibility in IPM programs. Flubendiamide was harmless to all growth stages and it is recommended for inclusion in IPM programs without additional tier II field evaluations. Field evaluations with spinetoram and spirotetramat should be pursued only if alternatives are unavailable.
    Keywords Typhlodromus ; adults ; clothianidin ; eggs ; fecundity ; integrated pest management ; larvae ; leaves ; lethal concentration 50 ; novaluron ; predators ; risk ; sprayers ; thin layer chromatography ; toxicity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2011-06
    Size p. 25-30.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 120089-6
    ISSN 1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    ISSN (online) 1879-1298
    ISSN 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.090
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Article: White pine weevil performances in relation to budburst phenology and traumatic resin duct formation in Norway spruce

    Poulin, Julie / Lavallée, Robert / Mauffette, Yves / Rioux, Danny

    Agricultural and forest entomology. 2006 May, v. 8, no. 2

    2006  

    Abstract: 1 As the phenological window hypothesis was reported to be significant in influencing the fitness of many herbivores feeding on tree foliage, could it also explain the performance of an insect such as the white pine weevil Pissodes strobi mainly ... ...

    Abstract 1 As the phenological window hypothesis was reported to be significant in influencing the fitness of many herbivores feeding on tree foliage, could it also explain the performance of an insect such as the white pine weevil Pissodes strobi mainly attacking the bark phloem of conifers? 2 Under field conditions, adult weevils were caged on Norway spruce trees presenting a natural variation in their shoot growth phenology. 3 We evaluated white pine weevil biological performances, including oviposition, the number of emerged insects, survival, adult mean weight and tree defense responses as reflected by the production of induced resin canals. 4 None of the white pine weevil biological parameters was significantly affected by Norway spruce phenology. 5 The number of eggs per hole, the number of oviposition holes per leader, the number of emerged adults and their mean weight were not affected by host phenology. 6 The intensity of the traumatic response observed was variable and not correlated with budburst phenology. 7 Trees with higher traumatic responses, forming two or more layers of traumatic ducts, had lower adult emergence and estimated survival. 8 The distance between the first layer of traumatic resin ducts and the start of the annual ring was not correlated with the number of emerged weevils. 9 Norway spruce, which is an exotic tree in North America and a relatively recent host for the white pine weevil, might not possess the defense mechanisms necessary to fight off the white pine weevil.
    Keywords Pissodes strobi ; oviposition ; insect development ; mortality ; body weight ; host plants ; Picea abies ; phenology ; budbreak ; pest resistance ; induced resistance ; resin canals ; Quebec
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2006-05
    Size p. 129-137.
    Publisher Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Publishing place Oxford, UK
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1444210-3
    ISSN 1461-9563 ; 1461-9555
    ISSN (online) 1461-9563
    ISSN 1461-9555
    DOI 10.1111/j.1461-9563.2006.00293.x
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: Laboratory-based toxicological assessments of new insecticides on mortality and fecundity of Neoseiulus fallacis (Acari: Phytoseiidae).

    Lefebvre, Maxime / Bostanian, Noubar J / Mauffette, Yves / Racette, Gaétan / Thistlewood, Howard A / Hardman, John M

    Journal of economic entomology

    2012  Volume 105, Issue 3, Page(s) 866–871

    Abstract: Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) is one of the most abundant predatory phytoseid in deciduous fruit orchards under an integrated pest management (IPM) regimen in eastern North America. Laboratory studies using N. fallacis, and the 'modified excised leaf disc ...

    Abstract Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) is one of the most abundant predatory phytoseid in deciduous fruit orchards under an integrated pest management (IPM) regimen in eastern North America. Laboratory studies using N. fallacis, and the 'modified excised leaf disc method' identified four insecticides out of six, that would require second-tier field studies before inclusion in an IPM program for deciduous orchards. The overall egg mortality caused by flubendiamide, chlorantraniliprole, chlothianidin, novaluron, Spinetoram, and spirotetramat ranked from 0 to 37.6%. Larval mortality caused by spirotetramat, spinetoram, novaluron, and chlothianidin ranged from 100 to 78.3%, respectively. Chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide were virtually nontoxic to larvae. Spinetoram, chlothianidin, and spirotetramat caused 100, 61.4, and 40.2% mortality of adult N. fallacis, respectively. Spirotetramat and chlothianidin significantly reduced fecundity, whereas novaluron, flubendiamide, and chlorantraniliprole had no such adverse effect for the duration of the study (168 h). Chlorantraniliprole and flubendiamide do not require further second tier field studies and may be included in deciduous orchard IPM programs. Spirotetramat is toxic to several growth stages but it has a very short residual activity, and along with novaluron, which is toxic only to larvae, should be evaluated in second-tier field studies. Clothianidin and spinetoram should be evaluated in second-tier field studies only if alternatives are unavailable.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Fertility/drug effects ; Insecticides ; Larva/drug effects ; Mites/drug effects ; Ovum/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Insecticides
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3031-4
    ISSN 0022-0493
    ISSN 0022-0493
    DOI 10.1603/ec11260
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: A laboratory assessment of the toxic attributes of six 'reduced risk insecticides' on Galendromus occidentalis (Acari: Phytoseiidae).

    Lefebvre, Maxime / Bostanian, Noubar J / Thistlewood, Howard M A / Mauffette, Yves / Racette, Gaétan

    Chemosphere

    2011  Volume 84, Issue 1, Page(s) 25–30

    Abstract: The modified excised leaf disc method was used to measure the effects of six insecticides on eggs, larvae, adults, and female fecundity of Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) in a 'worst case laboratory exposure'. This study identified insecticides that ... ...

    Abstract The modified excised leaf disc method was used to measure the effects of six insecticides on eggs, larvae, adults, and female fecundity of Galendromus occidentalis (Nesbitt) in a 'worst case laboratory exposure'. This study identified insecticides that would be recommended for tier II field evaluations for an integrated pest management program. Commercially formulated insecticides were applied with a thin-layer chromatography sprayer adjusted to 10.34 kPa (1.5 psi), at the recommended label concentrations in Canada. LC(50) values were estimated from aliquots above and below that concentration. Spinetoram and spirotetramat were toxic at label concentrations. The label concentration for spinetoram was 34.3-fold the LC(50) estimate (0.006 gL(-1)) and for spirotetramat the label concentration was 7.7-fold the LC(50) estimate (0.03 gL(-1)). Clothianidin was considerably less toxic and the label concentration was 0.15-fold the LC(50) estimate (2.29 gL(-1)). Estimates of LC(50) for novaluron and chlorantraniliprole could not be established. Both materials showed slight toxicity to at least one growth stage of the predator. Novaluron, clothianidin and chlorantraniliprole should be evaluated in the field for compatibility in IPM programs. Flubendiamide was harmless to all growth stages and it is recommended for inclusion in IPM programs without additional tier II field evaluations. Field evaluations with spinetoram and spirotetramat should be pursued only if alternatives are unavailable.
    MeSH term(s) Acari/drug effects ; Acari/metabolism ; Animals ; Benzamides/toxicity ; Female ; Fertility/drug effects ; Guanidines/toxicity ; Insecticides/toxicity ; Laboratories ; Larva/drug effects ; Macrolides/toxicity ; Male ; Neonicotinoids ; Phenylurea Compounds/toxicity ; Risk Assessment ; Sulfones/toxicity ; Thiazoles/toxicity ; ortho-Aminobenzoates/toxicity
    Chemical Substances Benzamides ; Guanidines ; Insecticides ; Macrolides ; Neonicotinoids ; Phenylurea Compounds ; Sulfones ; Thiazoles ; ortho-Aminobenzoates ; clothianidin (2V9906ABKQ) ; chlorantranilipole (622AK9DH9G) ; flubendiamide (GEV84ZI4K6) ; spinetoram (YGZ1037ELN) ; novaluron (Z8H1B3CW0B)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120089-6
    ISSN 1879-1298 ; 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    ISSN (online) 1879-1298
    ISSN 0045-6535 ; 0366-7111
    DOI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.090
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Diversity and abundance of leafhoppers in Canadian vineyards.

    Saguez, Julien / Olivier, Chrystel / Hamilton, Andrew / Lowery, Thomas / Stobbs, Lorne / Lasnier, Jacques / Galka, Brian / Chen, Xiangsheng / Mauffette, Yves / Vincent, Charles

    Journal of insect science (Online)

    2014  Volume 14, Page(s) 73

    Abstract: Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are pests of many temperate crops, including grapevines (Vitis species). Uncontrolled populations can induce direct and indirect damage to crops due to feeding that results in significant yield losses and increased ... ...

    Abstract Leafhoppers (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) are pests of many temperate crops, including grapevines (Vitis species). Uncontrolled populations can induce direct and indirect damage to crops due to feeding that results in significant yield losses and increased mortality in infected vineyards due to virus, bacteria, or phytoplasmas vectored by leafhoppers. The main objective of this work was to determine the diversity of leafhoppers found in vineyards of the three main Canadian production provinces, i.e., in British Columbia, Ontario, and Quebec. Approximately 18,000 specimens were collected in 80 commercial vineyards from 2006 to 2008. We identified 54 genera and at least 110 different species associated with vineyards, among which 22 were predominant and represented more than 91% of all the leafhoppers. Species richness and diversity were estimated by both Shannon's and Pielou's indices. For each province, results indicated a temporal variation in species composition. Color photographs provide a tool to quickly identify 72 leafhoppers commonly associated with vineyards.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biodiversity ; Canada ; Hemiptera ; Population Density ; Vitis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-05-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2049098-7
    ISSN 1536-2442 ; 1536-2442
    ISSN (online) 1536-2442
    ISSN 1536-2442
    DOI 10.1093/jis/14.1.73
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Seasonal variation in biomass and carbohydrate partitioning of understory sugar maple (Acer saccharum) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis) seedlings.

    Gaucher, Catherine / Gougeon, Sébastien / Mauffette, Yves / Messier, Christian

    Tree physiology

    2004  Volume 25, Issue 1, Page(s) 93–100

    Abstract: We investigated seasonal patterns of biomass and carbohydrate partitioning in relation to shoot growth phenology in two age classes of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) seedlings growing in the understory ...

    Abstract We investigated seasonal patterns of biomass and carbohydrate partitioning in relation to shoot growth phenology in two age classes of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.) and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis Britt.) seedlings growing in the understory of a partially harvested forest. The high root:shoot biomass ratio and carbohydrate concentration of sugar maple are characteristic of species with truncated growth patterns (i.e., cessation of aboveground shoot growth early in the growing season), a conservative growth strategy and high shade tolerance. The low root:shoot biomass ratio and carbohydrate concentration of yellow birch are characteristic of species with continuous growth patterns, an opportunistic growth strategy and low shade tolerance. In both species, starch represented up to 95% of total nonstructural carbohydrates and was mainly found in the roots. Contrary to our hypothesis, interspecific differences in shoot growth phenology (i.e., continuous versus truncated) did not result in differences in seasonal patterns of carbohydrate partitioning. Our results help explain the niche differentiation between sugar maple and yellow birch in temperate, deciduous understory forests.
    MeSH term(s) Acer/chemistry ; Acer/physiology ; Betula/chemistry ; Betula/physiology ; Biomass ; Carbohydrates/analysis ; Carbohydrates/physiology ; Photosynthesis/physiology ; Plant Shoots/physiology ; Seasons ; Seedlings/chemistry ; Seedlings/physiology ; Trees/chemistry ; Trees/physiology
    Chemical Substances Carbohydrates
    Language English
    Publishing date 2004-10-13
    Publishing country Canada
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 743341-4
    ISSN 1758-4469 ; 0829-318X
    ISSN (online) 1758-4469
    ISSN 0829-318X
    DOI 10.1093/treephys/25.1.93
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Residual toxicity of two insecticides on three field populations of Lygus lineolaris (Hemiptera: Miridae) collected along the St Lawrence valley in eastern Canada.

    Fleury, Dominique / Bostanian, Noubar J / Mauffette, Yves / Vincent, Charles

    Pest management science

    2007  Volume 63, Issue 5, Page(s) 495–499

    Abstract: Insecticides are still the single main pest control method employed today by most growers to mitigate damage done by the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae). In eastern Canada, the complex agricultural ... ...

    Abstract Insecticides are still the single main pest control method employed today by most growers to mitigate damage done by the tarnished plant bug, Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) (Hemiptera: Miridae). In eastern Canada, the complex agricultural ecosystem, which may be described as a mosaic of farmlands dispersed among natural habitats (forest, prairies), allows tarnished plant bug adults to fly and move from sprayed to non-sprayed areas. In 2004 (late August to early September), three populations of L. lineolaris were collected from three mixed vegetation strips adjacent to orchards and vineyards along the St Lawrence valley: the Niagara Peninsula (Ontario), Dunham (Quebec) and La Pocatière (Quebec). Assays were done in the laboratory by confining adults in glass vials coated with dried residues. The estimated LC(50) values for the three populations varied from 11.2 to 16.8 x 10(-5) g L(-1) for azinphos-methyl and from 0.8 to 1.4 x 10(-5) g L(-1) for cypermethrin. In contrast to the Mississippi delta, no tolerance to insecticides was found in the populations collected. Possible explanations for this non-tolerance to insecticides includes a very low selection pressure as a result of the reduced number of insecticide treatments done in the context of the diversified agricultural landscapes encountered in eastern Canada which allow movements of adults from treated to non-treated areas.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Azinphosmethyl/chemistry ; Canada ; Heteroptera/drug effects ; Insecticide Resistance ; Insecticides/chemistry ; Pesticide Residues/toxicity ; Pyrethrins/chemistry
    Chemical Substances Insecticides ; Pesticide Residues ; Pyrethrins ; cypermethrin (1TR49121NP) ; Azinphosmethyl (265842EWUV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2007-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2001705-4
    ISSN 1526-4998 ; 1526-498X
    ISSN (online) 1526-4998
    ISSN 1526-498X
    DOI 10.1002/ps.1358
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Laboratory-Based Toxicological Assessments of New Insecticides on Mortality and Fecundity of Neoseiulus fallacis (Acari: Phytoseiidae).

    Lefebvre, Maxime / Bostanian, Noubar J. / Mauffette, Yves / Racette, Gaétan / Thistlewood, Howard A. / Hardman, John M.

    Journal of economic entomology

    2012  Volume 105, Issue 3, Page(s) 866

    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 3031-4
    ISSN 0022-0493
    Database Current Contents Nutrition, Environment, Agriculture

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  10. Article ; Online: Seasonal variation in leaf chemistry of the coast live oak Quercus agrifolia and implications for the California oak moth Phryganidia californica.

    Mauffette, Yves / Oechel, Walter C

    Oecologia

    1989  Volume 79, Issue 4, Page(s) 439–445

    Abstract: The perennial foliage of the California coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia Nee) permits herbivores to feed on this oak species throughout the year. Patterns of herbivory for a two-year period on Q. agrifolia were observed in relation to seasonal and age- ... ...

    Abstract The perennial foliage of the California coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia Nee) permits herbivores to feed on this oak species throughout the year. Patterns of herbivory for a two-year period on Q. agrifolia were observed in relation to seasonal and age-related changes in the nutritional and defensive characteristics of leaves. Nitrogen and phosphorus contents were higher in new leaves compared to mature foliage. Structural compounds (e.g., cellulose) in leaves rapidly increased with age. Concentrations of tatal phenolics (Folin-Denis) and astringency were higher in new foliage, and concentrations of condensed tannins gradually increased as the leaves matured. Peaks of herbivore damage were observed in June and in September-October, and were caused by outbreaks of the California oak moth (Phryganidia californica). P. californica, a bivoltine oak specialist, exhibited feeding preferences in June for old leaves over emerging leaves, and showed no preferences for leaf classes in September. These results suggest that P. californica is adapted to survive on nutritionally poor foliage and to circumvent "quantitative defenses" such as condensed tannins.
    Language English
    Publishing date 1989-06
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123369-5
    ISSN 1432-1939 ; 0029-8549
    ISSN (online) 1432-1939
    ISSN 0029-8549
    DOI 10.1007/BF00378658
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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