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  1. Article ; Online: Robust 3D Reconstruction of Dynamic Scenes From Single-Photon Lidar Using Beta-Divergences.

    Legros, Quentin / Tachella, Julian / Tobin, Rachael / Mccarthy, Aongus / Meignen, Sylvain / Buller, Gerald S / Altmann, Yoann / Mclaughlin, Stephen / Davies, Michael E

    IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society

    2021  Volume 30, Page(s) 1716–1727

    Abstract: In this article, we present a new algorithm for fast, online 3D reconstruction of dynamic scenes using times of arrival of photons recorded by single-photon detector arrays. One of the main challenges in 3D imaging using single-photon lidar in practical ... ...

    Abstract In this article, we present a new algorithm for fast, online 3D reconstruction of dynamic scenes using times of arrival of photons recorded by single-photon detector arrays. One of the main challenges in 3D imaging using single-photon lidar in practical applications is the presence of strong ambient illumination which corrupts the data and can jeopardize the detection of peaks/surface in the signals. This background noise not only complicates the observation model classically used for 3D reconstruction but also the estimation procedure which requires iterative methods. In this work, we consider a new similarity measure for robust depth estimation, which allows us to use a simple observation model and a non-iterative estimation procedure while being robust to mis-specification of the background illumination model. This choice leads to a computationally attractive depth estimation procedure without significant degradation of the reconstruction performance. This new depth estimation procedure is coupled with a spatio-temporal model to capture the natural correlation between neighboring pixels and successive frames for dynamic scene analysis. The resulting online inference process is scalable and well suited for parallel implementation. The benefits of the proposed method are demonstrated through a series of experiments conducted with simulated and real single-photon lidar videos, allowing the analysis of dynamic scenes at 325 m observed under extreme ambient illumination conditions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-14
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1941-0042
    ISSN (online) 1941-0042
    DOI 10.1109/TIP.2020.3046882
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Wavelength-time coding for multispectral 3D imaging using single-photon LiDAR.

    Ren, Ximing / Altmann, Yoann / Tobin, Rachael / Mccarthy, Aongus / Mclaughlin, Stephen / Buller, Gerald S

    Optics express

    2018  Volume 26, Issue 23, Page(s) 30146–30161

    Abstract: Single-photon multispectral light detection and ranging (LiDAR) approaches have emerged as a route to color reconstruction and enhanced target identification in photon-starved imaging scenarios. In this paper, we present a three-dimensional imaging ... ...

    Abstract Single-photon multispectral light detection and ranging (LiDAR) approaches have emerged as a route to color reconstruction and enhanced target identification in photon-starved imaging scenarios. In this paper, we present a three-dimensional imaging system based on a time-of-flight approach which is capable of simultaneous multispectral measurements using only one single-photon detector. Unlike other techniques, this approach does not require a wavelength router in the receiver channel. By observing multiple wavelengths at each spatial location, or per pixel (four discrete visible wavelengths are used in this work), we can obtain a single waveform with wavelength-to-time mapped peaks. The time-mapped peaks are created by the known chromatic group delay dispersion in the laser source's optical fiber, resulting in temporal separations between these peaks being in the region of 200 to 1000 ps, in this case. A multispectral single waveform algorithm was proposed to fit these multiple peaked LiDAR waveforms, and then reconstruct the color (spectral response) and depth profiles for the entire image. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first dedicated computational method operating in the photon-starved regime capable of discriminating multiple peaks associated with different wavelengths in a single pixel waveform and reconstructing spectral responses and depth.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1491859-6
    ISSN 1094-4087 ; 1094-4087
    ISSN (online) 1094-4087
    ISSN 1094-4087
    DOI 10.1364/OE.26.030146
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Modelling maintenance of wakefulness in rats: comparing potential non-invasive sleep-restriction methods and their effects on sleep and attentional performance.

    Mccarthy, Andrew / Loomis, Sally / Eastwood, Brian / Wafford, Keith A / Winsky-Sommerer, Raphaëlle / Gilmour, Gary

    Journal of sleep research

    2017  Volume 26, Issue 2, Page(s) 179–187

    Abstract: While several methods have been used to restrict the sleep of experimental animals, it is often unclear whether these different forms of sleep restriction have comparable effects on sleep-wake architecture or functional capacity. The present study ... ...

    Abstract While several methods have been used to restrict the sleep of experimental animals, it is often unclear whether these different forms of sleep restriction have comparable effects on sleep-wake architecture or functional capacity. The present study compared four models of sleep restriction, using enforced wakefulness by rotation of cylindrical home cages over 11 h in male Wistar rats. These included an electroencephalographic-driven 'Biofeedback' method and three non-invasive methods where rotation was triggered according to a 'Constant', 'Decreasing' or random protocol based upon the 'Weibull' distribution fit to an archival Biofeedback dataset. Sleep-wake architecture was determined using polysomnography, and functional capacity was assessed immediately post-restriction with a simple response latency task, as a potential homologue of the human psychomotor vigilance task. All sleep restriction protocols resulted in sleep loss, behavioural task disengagement and rebound sleep, although no model was as effective as real-time electroencephalographic-Biofeedback. Decreasing and Weibull protocols produced greater recovery sleep than the Constant protocol, mirrored by comparably poorer simple response latency task performance. Increases in urinary corticosterone levels following Constant and Decreasing protocols suggested that stress levels may differ between protocols. Overall, these results provide insight into the value of choosing a specific sleep restriction protocol, not only from the perspective of animal welfare and the use of less invasive procedures, but also translational validity. A more considered choice of the physiological and functional effects of sleep-restriction protocols in rodents may improve correspondence with specific types of excessive daytime sleepiness in humans.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Attention/physiology ; Biofeedback, Psychology ; Corticosterone/urine ; Electroencephalography ; Male ; Polysomnography ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Rotation ; Sleep/physiology ; Sleep Deprivation/physiopathology ; Sleep Deprivation/urine ; Task Performance and Analysis ; Time Factors ; Wakefulness/physiology
    Chemical Substances Corticosterone (W980KJ009P)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1122722-9
    ISSN 1365-2869 ; 0962-1105
    ISSN (online) 1365-2869
    ISSN 0962-1105
    DOI 10.1111/jsr.12464
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Local people see and care most? Severe depletion of inshore fisheries and its consequences for Māori communities in New Zealand

    Mccarthy, Alaric / Hepburn, Chris / Scott, Nigel / Schweikert, Katja / Turner, Rachel / Moller, Henrik

    Aquatic conservation: marine and freshwater ecosystems. 2014 June, v. 24, no. 3

    2014  

    Abstract: Overfishing has the potential to adversely affect the ecological stability, economic value, social and spiritual integrity of a given area. Of these contexts, relatively little emphasis in literature is placed on the social and cultural consequences of ... ...

    Abstract Overfishing has the potential to adversely affect the ecological stability, economic value, social and spiritual integrity of a given area. Of these contexts, relatively little emphasis in literature is placed on the social and cultural consequences of overfishing and marine biodiversity loss. New Zealand's fisheries management system is regarded as one of the best in the world. But is this ‘success’ reflected at the local community scale? This study uses the knowledge of 100 participants from different stakeholder groups including Māori, New Zealand's indigenous peoples, and investigates local perception of the state of inshore fisheries stocks. Quantitative methods were used to assess the relative significance of important seafood species among different groups, while qualitative analysis highlighted main stakeholder concerns. A common consensus among all participants emerged; access to important inshore seafood species had become more difficult during the course of their lifetime with marked declines occurring from the 1970s onwards. Even where food species are present, they are typically harder to obtain, take longer to harvest and/or require expensive gear. Five species of marine invertebrates, three finfish species and one seabird were identified as having considerable worth to stakeholders. Of these, quantitative analysis revealed that pāua (abalone), tuna (eel) and tītī (muttonbird) were of particular significance to Māori stakeholders. Māori discussed pāua almost twice as much as non‐Māori, despite pāua ranking as the most significant species among both ethnic groups. Furthermore, Māori associated the depletion of pāua with a loss of cultural identity, hospitality, tradition, practices, emotional and spiritual connection to their environment. As such, in this paper pāua is defined as a ‘cultural keystone species’, whereby the removal of such a species jeopardizes cultural integrity. This paper serves as a case study bringing to light the disparity between an internationally acclaimed fisheries management strategy and the concerns of local stakeholders. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
    Keywords abalone ; aquatic invertebrates ; biodiversity ; case studies ; economic valuation ; eel ; fisheries management ; harvesting ; indigenous peoples ; keystone species ; overfishing ; qualitative analysis ; quantitative analysis ; seabirds ; seafoods ; stakeholders ; tuna ; New Zealand
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-06
    Size p. 369-390.
    Publishing place John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1146285-1
    ISSN 1052-7613
    ISSN 1052-7613
    DOI 10.1002/aqc.2378
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  5. Article ; Online: Global Analysis of mRNA, Translation, and Protein Localization: Local Translation Is a Key Regulator of Cell Protrusions.

    Mardakheh, Faraz K / Paul, Angela / Kümper, Sandra / Sadok, Amine / Paterson, Hugh / Mccarthy, Afshan / Yuan, Yinyin / Marshall, Christopher J

    Developmental cell

    2015  Volume 35, Issue 3, Page(s) 344–357

    Abstract: Polarization of cells into a protrusive front and a retracting cell body is the hallmark of mesenchymal-like cell migration. Many mRNAs are localized to protrusions, but it is unclear to what degree mRNA localization contributes toward protrusion ... ...

    Abstract Polarization of cells into a protrusive front and a retracting cell body is the hallmark of mesenchymal-like cell migration. Many mRNAs are localized to protrusions, but it is unclear to what degree mRNA localization contributes toward protrusion formation. We performed global quantitative analysis of the distributions of mRNAs, proteins, and translation rates between protrusions and the cell body by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and quantitative proteomics. Our results reveal local translation as a key determinant of protein localization to protrusions. Accordingly, inhibition of local translation destabilizes protrusions and inhibits mesenchymal-like morphology. Interestingly, many mRNAs localized to protrusions are translationally repressed. Specific cis-regulatory elements within mRNA UTRs define whether mRNAs are locally translated or repressed. Finally, RNAi screening of RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) enriched in protrusions revealed trans-regulators of localized translation that are functionally important for protrusions. We propose that by deciphering the localized mRNA UTR code, these proteins regulate protrusion stability and mesenchymal-like morphology.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Movement/genetics ; Cell Surface Extensions/metabolism ; Protein Binding/genetics ; Protein Biosynthesis/genetics ; Protein Transport ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; Sequence Analysis, RNA/methods
    Chemical Substances RNA, Messenger ; RNA-Binding Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-11-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2054967-2
    ISSN 1878-1551 ; 1534-5807
    ISSN (online) 1878-1551
    ISSN 1534-5807
    DOI 10.1016/j.devcel.2015.10.005
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Evaluating a novel cervical orthosis, the Sheffield Support Snood, in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis/motor neuron disease with neck weakness.

    Baxter, Susan / Reed, Heath / Clarke, Zoë / Judge, Simon / Heron, Nicola / Mccarthy, Avril / Langley, Joe / Stanton, Andrew / Wells, Oliver / Squire, Gill / Quinn, Ann / Strong, Mark / Shaw, Pamela J / Mcdermott, Christopher J

    Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis & frontotemporal degeneration

    2016  Volume 17, Issue 5-6, Page(s) 436–442

    Abstract: Current practice and guidelines recommend the use of neck orthoses for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) to compensate for neck weakness and to provide surrogate neck control. However, available options are frequently described by patients ... ...

    Abstract Current practice and guidelines recommend the use of neck orthoses for people with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) to compensate for neck weakness and to provide surrogate neck control. However, available options are frequently described by patients as restrictive and unsuitable and there was a need for a new device that addressed the needs of people with ALS. This project utilized a co-design process to develop a new neck orthosis that was more flexible yet supportive. Following development of a prototype device, a mixed methods cohort study was undertaken with patients and carers, in order to evaluate the new orthosis. Twenty-six patients were recruited to the study, with 20 of these completing all phases of data collection. Participants described the impact of neck weakness on their life and limitations of existing supports. Evaluation of the new orthosis identified key beneficial features: notably, increased support while providing a greater range of movement, flexibility of use, and improved appearance and comfort. In conclusion, the results of this evaluation highlight the value of this alternative option for people with ALS, and potentially other patient groups who require a neck orthosis.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis/complications ; Deglutition/physiology ; Eating/physiology ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Motor Neuron Disease/complications ; Muscle Weakness/etiology ; Muscle Weakness/rehabilitation ; Neck/physiopathology ; Orthotic Devices ; Respiration ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2705049-X
    ISSN 2167-9223 ; 2167-8421
    ISSN (online) 2167-9223
    ISSN 2167-8421
    DOI 10.3109/21678421.2016.1148170
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Book ; Online: UV Direct-Writing of Metals on Polyimide

    Ng, Jack Hoyd-Gigg / Desmulliez, Marc / Mccarthy, Aongus / Suyal, Himanshu / Prior, Kevin / Hand, Duncan P.

    2008  

    Abstract: Conductive micro-patterned copper tracks were fabricated by UV direct-writing of a nanoparticle silver seed layer followed by selective electroless copper deposition. Silver ions were first incorporated into a hydrolyzed polyimide surface layer by wet ... ...

    Abstract Conductive micro-patterned copper tracks were fabricated by UV direct-writing of a nanoparticle silver seed layer followed by selective electroless copper deposition. Silver ions were first incorporated into a hydrolyzed polyimide surface layer by wet chemical treatment. A photoreactive polymer coating, methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) (MPEG) was coated on top of the substrate prior to UV irradiation. Electrons released through the interaction between the MPEG molecules and UV photons allowed the reduction of the silver ions across the MPEG/doped polyimide interface. The resultant silver seed layer has a cluster morphology which is suitable for the initiation of electroless plating. Initial results showed that the deposited copper tracks were in good agreement with the track width on the photomask and laser direct-writing can also fabricate smaller line width metal tracks with good accuracy. The facile fabrication presented here can be carried out in air, at atmospheric pressure, and on contoured surfaces.

    Comment: Submitted on behalf of EDA Publishing Association (http://irevues.inist.fr/handle/2042/16838)
    Keywords Computer Science - Other Computer Science
    Subject code 620
    Publishing date 2008-05-07
    Publishing country us
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Frailty Hinders Recovery From Acute Respiratory Illness in Older Adults

    Andrew, Melissa K / Lees, Caitlin / Godin, Judith / Black, Karen / McElhaney, Janet / Ambrose, Ardith / Boivin, Guy / Bowie, William R / Elsherif, May / Green, Karen / Halperin, Scott A / Hatchette, Todd / Johnstone, Jennie / Katz, Kevin / Langley, Joanne M / Leblanc, Jason / Lagace-Wiens, Philippe / Loeb, Mark / Mackinnon-Cameron, Donna /
    Mccarthy, Anne / Mcgeer, Allison / Powis, Jeff / Richardson, David / Semret, Makeda / Smith, Stephanie / Smyth, Daniel / Taylor, Geoffrey / Trottier, Sylvie / Valiquette, Louis / Webster, Duncan / Ye, Lingyun / McNeil, Shelly

    Open Forum Infect Dis

    Abstract: BACKGROUND: Influenza vaccination programs aim to prevent serious outcomes. Given that frailty may impact recovery from influenza, we examined frailty as a predictor of recovery in older adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness. METHODS: Data ... ...

    Abstract BACKGROUND: Influenza vaccination programs aim to prevent serious outcomes. Given that frailty may impact recovery from influenza, we examined frailty as a predictor of recovery in older adults hospitalized with acute respiratory illness. METHODS: Data came from the Canadian Immunization Research Network (CIRN) Serious Outcomes Surveillance (SOS) Network during the 2011/12, 2012/13, and 2013/14 influenza seasons; all patients were aged 65+. Frailty was measured using a previously validated Frailty Index (FI) of health and functional deficits; baseline frailty was categorized using published cutoffs (0-.1 non-frail, >.1-.21 pre-frail, >.21-.45 frail, >.45 most frail). Recovery was operationalized as being alive 30 days post-discharge with less than two additional health/functional deficits (<=0.06 FI increase). Logistic regression was used to examine the change in odds of recovery for every 0.1 increase in baseline FI, controlling for age, sex, season, lab-confirmed influenza status, and seasonal influenza vaccination status. RESULTS: Of 5125 hospitalized older adults, 15% were non-frail, 39% pre-frail, 40% frail, and 6% most frail. 11% died, and poor recovery was experienced by 520/4544=11% of survivors. Poor recovery was inversely associated with baseline frailty (11% non-frail, 17% pre-frail, 28% frail, 38% most frail; P < .001). Frailty was associated with lower odds of recovery in all three seasons [2011/12 (OR=0.71; 95% CI 0.60–0.85), 2012/13 (OR=0.72; 0.66–0.78), 2013/14 (OR=0.76; 0.70–0.82)] though results varied by season, influenza status, and vaccination status. In 2011/12, frailty was associated with poor recovery in unvaccinated (OR=0.46. 95% CI=0.32–0.67) but not vaccinated older patients (OR=0.83, 95% CI=0.68–1.02). CONCLUSION: Increasing frailty was consistently associated with lower odds of recovery in older adults admitted with influenza and other acute respiratory illnesses; depending on seasonal factors, vaccination may offer some buffering of this impact. Understanding frailty and functional status is important, both because frailty is predictive of poor recovery and because persistence of new health/functional deficits is an adverse outcome with important implications for patients, families and health systems. DISCLOSURES: M. K. Andrew, GSK: Grant Investigator, Research grant; Pfizer: Grant Investigator, Research grant; Sanofi-Pasteur: Grant Investigator, Research grant; J. McElhaney, GSK Vaccines: Scientific Advisor, Speaker honorarium; M. Elsherif, Canadian Institutes of Health Research: Investigator, Research grant; Public Health Agency of Canada: Investigator, Research grant; GSK: Investigator, Research grant; S. A. Halperin, GSK: Scientific Advisor, Consulting fee; GSK: Grant Investigator, Research grant; T. Hatchette, GSK: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient; Pfizer: Grant Investigator, Grant recipient; Abbvie: Speaker for a talk on biologics and risk of TB reactivation, Speaker honorarium; J. M. Langley, GSK: Investigator, Research grant; Canadian Institutes of Health Research: Investigator, Research grant; A. Mcgeer, Hoffman La Roche: Investigator, Research grant; GSK: Investigator, Research grant; sanofi pasteur: Investigator, Research grant; J. Powis, Merck: Grant Investigator, Research grant; GSK: Grant Investigator, Research grant; Roche: Grant Investigator, Research grant; Synthetic Biologicals: Investigator, Research grant; M. Semret, GSK: Investigator, Research grant; Pfizer: Investigator, Research grant; S. Trottier, Canadian Institutes of Health Research: Investigator, Research grant; L. Valiquette, GSK: Investigator, Research grant; S. McNeil, GSK: Contract Clinical Trials and Grant Investigator, Research grant; Merck: Contract Clinical Trials and Speaker’s Bureau, Speaker honorarium; Novartis: Contract Clinical Trials, No personal renumeration; sanofi pasteur: Contract Clinical Trials, No personal renumeration
    Keywords covid19
    Publisher PMC
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1500
    Database COVID19

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  9. Article: THREE ACIDOPHILIC VOLVOCINE FLAGELLATES IN PURE CULTURE.

    FOTT, B / MCCARTHY, A J

    The Journal of protozoology

    1964  Volume 11, Page(s) 116–120

    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Culture Media ; Eukaryota ; Hepatophyta ; Invertebrates ; Research
    Chemical Substances Culture Media
    Language English
    Publishing date 1964-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 281552-7
    ISSN 0022-3921
    ISSN 0022-3921
    DOI 10.1111/j.1550-7408.1964.tb01731.x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article: Calcified cyst of spleen.

    MACKLIN, W E / BOSLAND, H / MCCARTHY, A M

    Medical radiography and photography

    1955  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 90–92

    MeSH term(s) Cysts ; Spleen ; Splenic Diseases
    Language English
    Publishing date 1955
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 128947-0
    ISSN 0025-746X
    ISSN 0025-746X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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