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  1. Book ; Online: South Africa

    World Health Organization / Mckenzie, Andrew / Assegaai, Tumelo / Schneider, Helen

    a primary health care case study in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

    2023  

    Abstract: 18 p. ...

    Abstract 18 p.
    Keywords Disease Outbreaks ; Case Reports ; COVID-19 ; Primary Health Care ; South Africa
    Language English
    Publisher World Health Organization
    Document type Book ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Core (Polystyrene)-Shell [Poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)] Particles.

    Mckenzie, Andrew / Hoskins, Richard / Swift, Thomas / Grant, Colin / Rimmer, Stephen

    ACS applied materials & interfaces

    2017  Volume 9, Issue 8, Page(s) 7577–7590

    Abstract: A set of water-swollen core-shell particles was synthesized by emulsion polymerization of a 1,3-dioxolane functional monomer in water. After removal of the 1,3-dioxolane group, the particles' shells were shown to swell in aqueous media. Upon hydrolysis, ... ...

    Abstract A set of water-swollen core-shell particles was synthesized by emulsion polymerization of a 1,3-dioxolane functional monomer in water. After removal of the 1,3-dioxolane group, the particles' shells were shown to swell in aqueous media. Upon hydrolysis, the particles increased in size from around 70 to 100-130 nm. A bicinchoninic acid assay and ζ-potential measurements were used to investigate the adsorption of lysozyme, albumin, or fibrinogen. Each of the core-shell particles adsorbed significantly less protein than the noncoated core (polystyrene) particles. Differences were observed as both the amount of difunctional, cross-linking monomer and the amount of shell monomer in the feed were changed. The core-shell particles were shown to be resistant to protein adsorption, and the degree to which the three proteins adsorbed was dependent on the formulation of the shell.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1944-8252
    ISSN (online) 1944-8252
    DOI 10.1021/acsami.6b15004
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Core (Polystyrene)–Shell [Poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)] Particles

    Mckenzie, Andrew / Grant Colin / Hoskins Richard / Rimmer Stephen / Swift Thomas

    ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces. 2017 Mar. 01, v. 9, no. 8

    2017  

    Abstract: A set of water-swollen core–shell particles was synthesized by emulsion polymerization of a 1,3-dioxolane functional monomer in water. After removal of the 1,3-dioxolane group, the particles’ shells were shown to swell in aqueous media. Upon ... ...

    Abstract A set of water-swollen core–shell particles was synthesized by emulsion polymerization of a 1,3-dioxolane functional monomer in water. After removal of the 1,3-dioxolane group, the particles’ shells were shown to swell in aqueous media. Upon hydrolysis, the particles increased in size from around 70 to 100–130 nm. A bicinchoninic acid assay and ζ-potential measurements were used to investigate the adsorption of lysozyme, albumin, or fibrinogen. Each of the core–shell particles adsorbed significantly less protein than the noncoated core (polystyrene) particles. Differences were observed as both the amount of difunctional, cross-linking monomer and the amount of shell monomer in the feed were changed. The core–shell particles were shown to be resistant to protein adsorption, and the degree to which the three proteins adsorbed was dependent on the formulation of the shell.
    Keywords adsorption ; albumins ; crosslinking ; emulsions ; fibrinogen ; glycerol ; hydrolysis ; lysozyme ; polymerization ; polystyrenes ; zeta potential
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-0301
    Size p. 7577-7590.
    Publishing place American Chemical Society
    Document type Article
    ISSN 1944-8252
    DOI 10.1021%2Facsami.6b15004
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  4. Article: ASSESSMENT OF A LANCET-AND-SWAB BLOOD SAMPLING TECHNIQUE FOR SURVEILLANCE OF ELEPHANT ENDOTHELIOTROPIC HERPESVIRUS INFECTION.

    Lopez, Javier / Vet M Sc, L do / Haycock, Jonathan / Mckenzie, Andrew / Seilern-Moy, Katharina / Dastjerdi, Akbar

    Journal of zoo and wildlife medicine : official publication of the American Association of Zoo Veterinarians

    2017  Volume 48, Issue 3, Page(s) 659–667

    Abstract: Lancing a finger elicits minimal pain in humans and is applied routinely to obtain small volumes of blood for clinical diagnostics. A modified lancet bleeding method and several blood sampling matrices were evaluated in this study for the purpose of ... ...

    Abstract Lancing a finger elicits minimal pain in humans and is applied routinely to obtain small volumes of blood for clinical diagnostics. A modified lancet bleeding method and several blood sampling matrices were evaluated in this study for the purpose of routine elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus (EEHV) surveillance in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). The procedure enabled weekly sampling from elephants as young as 9 mo of age. The blood sampling matrices were evaluated for their sensitivity measuring β-actin, tumor necrosis factor α, and/or EEHV-1 by quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays. Foam and flocked swabs produced significantly (P < 0.05) lower quantitation cycles, ie, increased analytical sensitivity, than filter papers, Whatman® FTA cards, or conventional cotton-tipped swabs. The two swab types also demonstrated comparable analytical sensitivity to that of a similar volume of EDTA whole blood for the detection of EEHV-1 DNA. This lancet-and-swab technique proved satisfactory for the detection of EEHV-1 viremia in two Asian elephant calves, and in one instance viremia could be detected 5 days prior to the development of clinical signs. Low blood yield from the lancet application may reduce sensitivity and compromise early detection of viremia. Therefore, standard venipuncture remains the recommended blood sampling method, and training for consistent and regular vein access should continue to be the priority for collections holding elephants. However, if appropriate measures are taken to collect an optimum blood volume, this lancet-and-swab technique offers a suitable alternative for EEHV surveillance in situations where venipuncture may not be practical.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Animals, Zoo ; Elephants/blood ; Elephants/virology ; Herpesviridae/genetics ; Herpesviridae/isolation & purification ; Herpesviridae Infections/blood ; Herpesviridae Infections/veterinary ; Herpesviridae Infections/virology ; Phlebotomy/instrumentation ; Phlebotomy/methods ; Phlebotomy/veterinary ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/veterinary
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-09-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2174930-9
    ISSN 1937-2825 ; 1042-7260
    ISSN (online) 1937-2825
    ISSN 1042-7260
    DOI 10.1638/2016-0208.1
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: The IL-13/IL-4Rα axis is involved in tuberculosis-associated pathology.

    Heitmann, Lisa / Abad Dar, Mahin / Schreiber, Tanja / Erdmann, Hanna / Behrends, Jochen / Mckenzie, Andrew N J / Brombacher, Frank / Ehlers, Stefan / Hölscher, Christoph

    The Journal of pathology

    2014  Volume 234, Issue 3, Page(s) 338–350

    Abstract: Human tuberculosis (TB) is a leading global health threat and still constitutes a major medical challenge. However, mechanisms governing tissue pathology during post-primary TB remain elusive, partly because genetically or immunologically tractable ... ...

    Abstract Human tuberculosis (TB) is a leading global health threat and still constitutes a major medical challenge. However, mechanisms governing tissue pathology during post-primary TB remain elusive, partly because genetically or immunologically tractable animal models are lacking. In human TB, the demonstration of a large relative increase in interleukin (IL)-4 and IL-13 expression, which correlates with lung damage, indicates that a subversive T helper (TH)2 component in the response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) may undermine protective immunity and contribute to reactivation and tissue pathology. Up to now, there has been no clear evidence regarding whether IL-4/IL-13-IL-4 receptor-α (Rα)-mediated mechanisms may in fact cause reactivation and pathology. Unfortunately, the virtual absence of centrally necrotizing granulomas in experimental murine TB is associated with a poor induction of a TH2 immune response. We therefore hypothesize that, in mice, an increased production of IL-13 may lead to a pathology similar to human post-primary TB. In our study, aerosol Mtb infection of IL-13-over-expressing mice in fact resulted in pulmonary centrally necrotizing granulomas with multinucleated giant cells, a hypoxic rim and a perinecrotic collagen capsule, with an adjacent zone of lipid-rich, acid-fast bacilli-containing foamy macrophages, thus strongly resembling the pathology in human post-primary TB. Granuloma necrosis (GN) in Mtb-infected IL-13-over-expressing mice was associated with the induction of arginase-1-expressing macrophages. Indirect blockade of the endogenous arginase inhibitor l-hydroxyarginine in Mtb-infected wild-type mice resulted in a strong arginase expression and precipitated a similar pathology of GN. Together, we here introduce an experimental TB model that displays many features of centrally necrotizing granulomas in human post-primary TB and demonstrate that IL-13/IL-4Rα-dependent mechanisms leading to arginase-1 expression are involved in TB-associated tissue pathology.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Interleukin-13/immunology ; Interleukin-13/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Transgenic ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptors, Interleukin-4/immunology ; Receptors, Interleukin-4/metabolism ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/immunology ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/metabolism ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary/pathology
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-13 ; Receptors, Interleukin-4
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-08-06
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 3119-7
    ISSN 1096-9896 ; 0022-3417
    ISSN (online) 1096-9896
    ISSN 0022-3417
    DOI 10.1002/path.4399
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Tumor-Infiltrating Regulatory T-cell Accumulation in the Tumor Microenvironment Is Mediated by IL33/ST2 Signaling.

    Son, Jimin / Cho, Jae-Won / Park, Hyo Jin / Moon, Jihyun / Park, Seyeon / Lee, Hoyoung / Lee, Jeewon / Kim, Gamin / Park, Su-Myeong / Lira, Sergio A / Mckenzie, Andrew N / Kim, Hye Young / Choi, Cheol Yong / Lim, Yong Taik / Park, Seong Yong / Kim, Hye Ryun / Park, Su-Hyung / Shin, Eui-Cheol / Lee, Insuk /
    Ha, Sang-Jun

    Cancer immunology research

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 11, Page(s) 1393–1406

    Abstract: Regulatory T cells (Treg) are enriched in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and suppress antitumor immunity; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of Tregs in the TME is poorly understood. In various tumor models, tumor-infiltrating ...

    Abstract Regulatory T cells (Treg) are enriched in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and suppress antitumor immunity; however, the molecular mechanism underlying the accumulation of Tregs in the TME is poorly understood. In various tumor models, tumor-infiltrating Tregs were highly enriched in the TME and had significantly higher expression of immune checkpoint molecules. To characterize tumor-infiltrating Tregs, we performed bulk RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and found that proliferation-related genes, immune suppression-related genes, and cytokine/chemokine receptor genes were upregulated in tumor-infiltrating Tregs compared with tumor-infiltrating CD4
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Female ; Humans ; Immunotherapy/methods ; Interleukin-33/metabolism ; Mice ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory/metabolism ; Tumor Microenvironment
    Chemical Substances Interleukin-33
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2732489-8
    ISSN 2326-6074 ; 2326-6066
    ISSN (online) 2326-6074
    ISSN 2326-6066
    DOI 10.1158/2326-6066.CIR-19-0828
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 7022: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Filaggrin inhibits generation of CD1a neolipid antigens by house dust mite-derived phospholipase.

    Jarrett, Rachael / Salio, Mariolina / Lloyd-Lavery, Antonia / Subramaniam, Sumithra / Bourgeois, Elvire / Archer, Charles / Cheung, Ka Lun / Hardman, Clare / Chandler, David / Salimi, Maryam / Gutowska-Owsiak, Danuta / de la Serna, Jorge Bernardino / Fallon, Padraic G / Jolin, Helen / Mckenzie, Andrew / Dziembowski, Andrzej / Podobas, Ewa Izabela / Bal, Wojciech / Johnson, David /
    Moody, D Branch / Cerundolo, Vincenzo / Ogg, Graham

    Science translational medicine

    2016  Volume 8, Issue 325, Page(s) 325ra18

    Abstract: Atopic dermatitis is a common pruritic skin disease in which barrier dysfunction and cutaneous inflammation contribute to pathogenesis. Mechanisms underlying the associated inflammation are not fully understood, and although Langerhans cells expressing ... ...

    Abstract Atopic dermatitis is a common pruritic skin disease in which barrier dysfunction and cutaneous inflammation contribute to pathogenesis. Mechanisms underlying the associated inflammation are not fully understood, and although Langerhans cells expressing the nonclassical major histocompatibility complex (MHC) family member CD1a are known to be enriched within lesions, their role in clinical disease pathogenesis has not been studied. We observed that house dust mite (HDM) allergen generates neolipid antigens presented by CD1a to T cells in the blood and skin lesions of affected individuals. HDM-responsive CD1a-reactive T cells increased in frequency after birth in individuals with atopic dermatitis and showed rapid effector function, consistent with antigen-driven maturation. In HDM-challenged human skin, we observed phospholipase A2 (PLA2) activity in vivo. CD1a-reactive T cell activation was dependent on HDM-derived PLA2, and such cells infiltrated the skin after allergen challenge. Moreover, we observed that the skin barrier protein filaggrin, insufficiency of which is associated with atopic skin disease, inhibited PLA2 activity and decreased CD1a-reactive PLA2-generated neolipid-specific T cell activity from skin and blood. The most widely used classification schemes of hypersensitivity suggest that nonpeptide stimulants of T cells act as haptens that modify peptides or proteins; however, our results show that HDM proteins may also generate neolipid antigens that directly activate T cells. These data define PLA2 inhibition as a function of filaggrin, supporting PLA2 inhibition as a therapeutic approach.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Animals ; Antigens, CD1/metabolism ; Cell Separation ; Cytokines/metabolism ; Dermatitis, Atopic/blood ; Dermatitis, Atopic/immunology ; Filaggrin Proteins ; Group IV Phospholipases A2/metabolism ; Humans ; Intermediate Filament Proteins/pharmacology ; K562 Cells ; Middle Aged ; Pyroglyphidae/drug effects ; Pyroglyphidae/enzymology ; Skin/immunology ; Skin/pathology ; T-Lymphocytes/drug effects ; T-Lymphocytes/immunology ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Antigens, CD1 ; CD1a antigen ; Cytokines ; FLG protein, human ; Filaggrin Proteins ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; Group IV Phospholipases A2 (EC 3.1.1.4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-02-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2518854-9
    ISSN 1946-6242 ; 1946-6234
    ISSN (online) 1946-6242
    ISSN 1946-6234
    DOI 10.1126/scitranslmed.aad6833
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    Zs.A 6941: Show issues Location:
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