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  1. Article ; Online: Exogenously-Sourced Ethylene Positively Modulates Photosynthesis, Carbohydrate Metabolism, and Antioxidant Defense to Enhance Heat Tolerance in Rice

    Harsha Gautam / Mehar Fatma / Zebus Sehar / Noushina Iqbal / Mohammed Albaqami / Nafees A. Khan

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 23, Iss 1031, p

    2022  Volume 1031

    Abstract: The effect of exogenously-applied ethylene sourced from ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid)was studied on photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and high-temperature stress tolerance in Taipei-309 and Rasi cultivars of rice ( Oryza sativa L.). ... ...

    Abstract The effect of exogenously-applied ethylene sourced from ethephon (2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid)was studied on photosynthesis, carbohydrate metabolism, and high-temperature stress tolerance in Taipei-309 and Rasi cultivars of rice ( Oryza sativa L.). Heat stress increased the content of H 2 O 2 and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS)more in Rasi than Taipei-309. Further, a significant decline in sucrose, starch, and carbohydrate metabolism enzyme activity and photosynthesis was also observed in response to heat stress. The application of ethephon reduced H 2 O 2 and TBARS content by enhancing the enzymatic antioxidant defense system and improved carbohydrate metabolism, photosynthesis, and growth more conspicuously in Taipei-309 under heat stress. The ethephon application enhanced photosynthesis by up-regulating the psbA and psbB genes of photosystem II in heat-stressed plants. Interestingly, foliar application of ethephoneffectively down-regulated high-temperature-stress-induced elevated ethylene biosynthesis gene expression. Overall, ethephon application optimized ethylene levels under high-temperature stress to regulate the antioxidant enzymatic system and carbohydrate metabolism, reducing the adverse effects on photosynthesis. These findings suggest that ethylene regulates photosynthesis via carbohydrate metabolism and the antioxidant system, thereby influencing high-temperature stress tolerance in rice.
    Keywords antioxidant ; ethephon ; carbohydrate ; high-temperature stress ; photosynthesis ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Coordinated Role of Nitric Oxide, Ethylene, Nitrogen, and Sulfur in Plant Salt Stress Tolerance

    Badar Jahan / Faisal Rasheed / Zebus Sehar / Mehar Fatma / Noushina Iqbal / Asim Masood / Naser A. Anjum / Nafees A. Khan

    Stresses, Vol 1, Iss 14, Pp 181-

    2021  Volume 199

    Abstract: Salt stress significantly contributes to major losses in agricultural productivity worldwide. The sustainable approach for salinity-accrued toxicity has been explored. The use of plant growth regulators/phytohormones, mineral nutrients and other ... ...

    Abstract Salt stress significantly contributes to major losses in agricultural productivity worldwide. The sustainable approach for salinity-accrued toxicity has been explored. The use of plant growth regulators/phytohormones, mineral nutrients and other signaling molecules is one of the major approaches for reversing salt-induced toxicity in plants. Application of the signaling molecules such as nitric oxide (NO) and ethylene (ETH) and major mineral nutrient such as nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S) play significant roles in combatting the major consequences of salt stress impacts in plants. However, the literature available on gaseous signaling molecules (NO/ETH) or/and mineral nutrients (N/S) stands alone, and major insights into the role of NO or/and ETH along with N and S in plant-tolerance to salt remained unclear. Thus, this review aimed to (a) briefly overview salt stress and highlight salt-induced toxicity, (b) appraise the literature reporting potential mechanisms underlying the role of gaseous signaling molecules and mineral nutrient in salt stress tolerance, and (c) discuss NO and ETH along with N and S in relation to salt stress tolerance. In addition, significant issues that have still to be investigated in this context have been mentioned.
    Keywords ethylene ; nitrogen ; nitric oxide ; salt stress ; sulfur ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Interplay between nitric oxide and sulfur assimilation in salt tolerance in plants

    Mehar Fatma / Asim Masood / Tasir S. Per / Faisal Rasheed / Nafees A. Khan

    Crop Journal, Vol 4, Iss 3, Pp 153-

    2016  Volume 161

    Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO), a versatile molecule, plays multiple roles in plant growth and development and is a key signaling molecule in plant response to abiotic stress. Nutrient management strategy is critical for abiotic stress alleviation in plants. Sulfur ( ... ...

    Abstract Nitric oxide (NO), a versatile molecule, plays multiple roles in plant growth and development and is a key signaling molecule in plant response to abiotic stress. Nutrient management strategy is critical for abiotic stress alleviation in plants. Sulfur (S) is important under stress conditions, as its assimilatory products neutralize the imbalances in cells created by excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). NO abates the harmful effects of ROS by enhancing antioxidant enzymes, stimulating S assimilation, and reacting with other target molecules, and regulates the expression of various stress-responsive genes under salt stress. This review focuses on the role of NO and S in responses of plants to salt stress, and describes the crosstalk between NO and S assimilation in salt tolerance. The regulation of NO and/or S assimilation using molecular biology tools may help crops to withstand salinity stress.
    Keywords Abiotic stress ; Antioxidant system ; Glutathione ; Plant hormones ; Sulfur ; Signaling ; Agriculture ; S ; Agriculture (General) ; S1-972
    Subject code 580
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article: Nitric oxide signaling and its crosstalk with other plant growth regulators in plant responses to abiotic stress

    Asgher, Mohd / Tasir S. Per / Asim Masood / Mehar Fatma / Luciano Freschi / Francisco J. Corpas / Nafees A. Khan

    Environmental science and pollution research international. 2017 Jan., v. 24, no. 3

    2017  

    Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical molecule involved in an array of functions under physiological and adverse environmental conditions. As other free radical molecules, NO biological action depends on its cellular concentration, acting as a signal ... ...

    Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) is a free radical molecule involved in an array of functions under physiological and adverse environmental conditions. As other free radical molecules, NO biological action depends on its cellular concentration, acting as a signal molecule when produced at low concentration or resulting in cellular damage when produced at sufficiently high levels to trigger nitro-oxidative stress. Over the last decade, significant progress has been made in characterizing NO metabolism and action mechanism, revealing that diverse biosynthetic routes can generate this free radical in plants and its action mainly occurs through posttranslational modification (nitration and S-nitrosylation) of target proteins. Intricate crosstalk networks between NO and other signaling molecules have been described involving phytohormones, other second messengers, and key transcription factors. This review will focus on our current understanding of NO interplay with phytohormones and other plant growth regulators under abiotic stress conditions.
    Keywords abiotic stress ; environmental factors ; nitric oxide ; plant hormones ; plant response ; post-translational modification ; second messengers ; transcription (genetics) ; transcription factors
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2017-01
    Size p. 2273-2285.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1178791-0
    ISSN 1614-7499 ; 0944-1344
    ISSN (online) 1614-7499
    ISSN 0944-1344
    DOI 10.1007/s11356-016-7947-8
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 5915: Show issues

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  5. Article: Involvement of ethylene in gibberellic acid-induced sulfur assimilation, photosynthetic responses, and alleviation of cadmium stress in mustard

    Masood, Asim / M. Iqbal R. Khan / Mehar Fatma / Mohd Asgher / Nafees A. Khan / Tasir S. Per

    Plant physiology and biochemistry. 2016 July, v. 104

    2016  

    Abstract: The role of gibberellic acid (GA) or sulfur (S) in stimulation of photosynthesis is known. However, information on the involvement of ethylene in GA-induced photosynthetic responses and cadmium (Cd) tolerance is lacking. This work shows that ethylene is ... ...

    Abstract The role of gibberellic acid (GA) or sulfur (S) in stimulation of photosynthesis is known. However, information on the involvement of ethylene in GA-induced photosynthetic responses and cadmium (Cd) tolerance is lacking. This work shows that ethylene is involved in S-assimilation, photosynthetic responses and alleviation of Cd stress by GA in mustard (Brassica juncea L.). Plants grown with 200 mg Cd kg−1 soil were less responsive to ethylene despite high ethylene evolution and showed photosynthetic inhibition. Plants receiving 10 μM GA spraying plus 100 mg S kg−1 soil supplementation exhibited increased S-assimilation and photosynthetic responses under Cd stress. Application of GA plus S decreased oxidative stress of plants grown with Cd and limited stress ethylene formation to the range suitable for promoting sulfur use efficiency (SUE), glutathione (GSH) production and photosynthesis. The role of ethylene in GA-induced S-assimilation and reversal of photosynthetic inhibition by Cd was substantiated by inhibiting ethylene biosynthesis with the use of aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG). The suppression of S-assimilation and photosynthetic responses by inhibiting ethylene in GA plus S treated plants under Cd stress indicated the involvement of ethylene in GA-induced S-assimilation and Cd stress alleviation. The outcome of the study is important to unravel the interaction between GA and ethylene and their role in Cd tolerance in plants.
    Keywords aminoethoxyvinylglycine ; Brassica juncea ; cadmium ; ethylene ; ethylene production ; gibberellic acid ; glutathione ; oxidative stress ; photosynthesis ; soil ; spraying ; sulfur
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-07
    Size p. 1-10.
    Publishing place Elsevier Masson SAS
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 742978-2
    ISSN 1873-2690 ; 0981-9428
    ISSN (online) 1873-2690
    ISSN 0981-9428
    DOI 10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.03.017
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 2696: Show issues
    Z 2005/727: Show issues

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  6. Article: Ethylene production is associated with alleviation of cadmium-induced oxidative stress by sulfur in mustard types differing in ethylene sensitivity

    Asgher, Mohd / Nafees A. Khan / M. Iqbal R. Khan / Mehar Fatma / Asim Masood

    Ecotoxicology and environmental safety. 2014 Aug., v. 106

    2014  

    Abstract: We studied the response of ethylene-sensitive (Pusa Jai Kisan) and ethylene-insensitive (SS2) mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars to 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0mM SO42−, and the effect of 1.0mM SO42− was studied in the amelioration of 50µM cadmium (Cd). The ...

    Abstract We studied the response of ethylene-sensitive (Pusa Jai Kisan) and ethylene-insensitive (SS2) mustard (Brassica juncea) cultivars to 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 2.0mM SO42−, and the effect of 1.0mM SO42− was studied in the amelioration of 50µM cadmium (Cd). The Cd-induced oxidative stress and Cd accumulation were greater in SS2 than Pusa Jai Kisan, but sulfur (S) application alleviated Cd-induced oxidative stress more prominently in Pusa Jai Kisan by increasing S-metabolism and synthesis of reduced glutathione (GSH) and ethylene production; and promoted photosynthesis and plant dry mass under Cd stress. The ethylene-sensitive cultivar responded more to S treatment under Cd stress and showed increased activity of antioxidant system resulting in increased photosynthesis and growth. Cadmium treatment resulted in rapid increase in ethylene formation which adversely influenced photosynthesis and plant dry mass. However, S and ethephon application to Cd-treated plants lowered ethylene formation to optimal range responsible for maximal GSH synthesis and protection against Cd-induced oxidative stress. The similarity of the effectiveness of 1.0mM SO42− with 200µLL−1 ethylene source as ethephon in alleviation of 50µM Cd further verifies that differential alleviation of Cd toxicity in the two cultivars by S was dependent on ethylene production. The results suggest that ethylene production determines Cd stress alleviation by S via regulatory interaction with antioxidant metabolism. Thus, ethylene production and sensitivity bear a prominent role in alleviation of Cd stress by S and can be used as a criterion for developing Cd tolerant genotypes.
    Keywords Brassica juncea ; antioxidant activity ; antioxidants ; cadmium ; cultivars ; ethephon ; ethylene ; ethylene production ; genotype ; glutathione ; oxidative stress ; photosynthesis ; sulfates ; sulfur ; toxicity
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2014-08
    Size p. 54-61.
    Publishing place Elsevier Inc.
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 436536-7
    ISSN 0147-6513
    ISSN 0147-6513
    DOI 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2014.04.017
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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    In stock of ZB MED Bonn / Germany

    Z 3684: Show issues

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