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  1. Article ; Online: Increasing the Astrophysical Reach of the Advanced Virgo Detector via the Application of Squeezed Vacuum States of Light.

    Acernese, F / Agathos, M / Aiello, L / Allocca, A / Amato, A / Ansoldi, S / Antier, S / Arène, M / Arnaud, N / Ascenzi, S / Astone, P / Aubin, F / Babak, S / Bacon, P / Badaracco, F / Bader, M K M / Baird, J / Baldaccini, F / Ballardin, G /
    Baltus, G / Barbieri, C / Barneo, P / Barone, F / Barsuglia, M / Barta, D / Basti, A / Bawaj, M / Bazzan, M / Bejger, M / Belahcene, I / Bernuzzi, S / Bersanetti, D / Bertolini, A / Bischi, M / Bitossi, M / Bizouard, M A / Bobba, F / Boer, M / Bogaert, G / Bondu, F / Bonnand, R / Boom, B A / Boschi, V / Bouffanais, Y / Bozzi, A / Bradaschia, C / Branchesi, M / Breschi, M / Briant, T / Brighenti, F / Brillet, A / Brooks, J / Bruno, G / Bulik, T / Bulten, H J / Buskulic, D / Cagnoli, G / Calloni, E / Canepa, M / Carapella, G / Carbognani, F / Carullo, G / Casanueva Diaz, J / Casentini, C / Castañeda, J / Caudill, S / Cavalier, F / Cavalieri, R / Cella, G / Cerdá-Durán, P / Cesarini, E / Chaibi, O / Chassande-Mottin, E / Chiadini, F / Chierici, R / Chincarini, A / Chiummo, A / Christensen, N / Chua, S / Ciani, G / Ciecielag, P / Cieślar, M / Ciolfi, R / Cipriano, F / Cirone, A / Clesse, S / Cleva, F / Coccia, E / Cohadon, P-F / Cohen, D / Colpi, M / Conti, L / Cordero-Carrión, I / Corezzi, S / Corre, D / Cortese, S / Coulon, J-P / Croquette, M / Cudell, J-R / Cuoco, E / Curylo, M / D'Angelo, B / D'Antonio, S / Dattilo, V / Davier, M / Degallaix, J / De Laurentis, M / Deléglise, S / Del Pozzo, W / De Pietri, R / De Rosa, R / De Rossi, C / Dietrich, T / Di Fiore, L / Di Giorgio, C / Di Giovanni, F / Di Giovanni, M / Di Girolamo, T / Di Lieto, A / Di Pace, S / Di Palma, I / Di Renzo, F / Drago, M / Ducoin, J-G / Durante, O / D'Urso, D / Eisenmann, M / Errico, L / Estevez, D / Fafone, V / Farinon, S / Feng, F / Fenyvesi, E / Ferrante, I / Fidecaro, F / Fiori, I / Fiorucci, D / Fittipaldi, R / Fiumara, V / Flaminio, R / Font, J A / Fournier, J-D / Frasca, S / Frasconi, F / Frey, V / Fronzè, G / Garufi, F / Gemme, G / Genin, E / Gennai, A / Ghosh, Archisman / Giacomazzo, B / Gosselin, M / Gouaty, R / Grado, A / Granata, M / Greco, G / Grignani, G / Grimaldi, A / Grimm, S J / Gruning, P / Guidi, G M / Guixé, G / Guo, Y / Gupta, P / Halim, O / Harder, T / Harms, J / Heidmann, A / Heitmann, H / Hello, P / Hemming, G / Hennes, E / Hinderer, T / Hofman, D / Huet, D / Hui, V / Idzkowski, B / Iess, A / Intini, G / Isac, J-M / Jacqmin, T / Jaranowski, P / Jonker, R J G / Katsanevas, S / Kéfélian, F / Khan, I / Khetan, N / Koekoek, G / Koley, S / Królak, A / Kutynia, A / Laghi, D / Lamberts, A / La Rosa, I / Lartaux-Vollard, A / Lazzaro, C / Leaci, P / Leroy, N / Letendre, N / Linde, F / Llorens-Monteagudo, M / Longo, A / Lorenzini, M / Loriette, V / Losurdo, G / Lumaca, D / Macquet, A / Majorana, E / Maksimovic, I / Man, N / Mangano, V / Mantovani, M / Mapelli, M / Marchesoni, F / Marion, F / Marquina, A / Marsat, S / Martelli, F / Martinez, V / Masserot, A / Mastrogiovanni, S / Mejuto Villa, E / Mereni, L / Merzougui, M / Metzdorff, R / Miani, A / Michel, C / Milano, L / Miller, A / Milotti, E / Minazzoli, O / Minenkov, Y / Montani, M / Morawski, F / Mours, B / Muciaccia, F / Nagar, A / Nardecchia, I / Naticchioni, L / Neilson, J / Nelemans, G / Nguyen, C / Nichols, D / Nissanke, S / Nocera, F / Oganesyan, G / Olivetto, C / Pagano, G / Pagliaroli, G / Palomba, C / Pang, P T H / Pannarale, F / Paoletti, F / Paoli, A / Pascucci, D / Pasqualetti, A / Passaquieti, R / Passuello, D / Patricelli, B / Perego, A / Pegoraro, M / Périgois, C / Perreca, A / Perriès, S / Phukon, K S / Piccinni, O J / Pichot, M / Piendibene, M / Piergiovanni, F / Pierro, V / Pillant, G / Pinard, L / Pinto, I M / Piotrzkowski, K / Plastino, W / Poggiani, R / Popolizio, P / Porter, E K / Prevedelli, M / Principe, M / Prodi, G A / Punturo, M / Puppo, P / Raaijmakers, G / Radulesco, N / Rapagnani, P / Razzano, M / Regimbau, T / Rei, L / Rettegno, P / Ricci, F / Riemenschneider, G / Robinet, F / Rocchi, A / Rolland, L / Romanelli, M / Romano, R / Rosińska, D / Ruggi, P / Salafia, O S / Salconi, L / Samajdar, A / Sanchis-Gual, N / Santos, E / Sassolas, B / Sauter, O / Sayah, S / Sentenac, D / Sequino, V / Sharma, A / Sieniawska, M / Singh, N / Singhal, A / Sipala, V / Sordini, V / Sorrentino, F / Spera, M / Stachie, C / Steer, D A / Stratta, G / Sur, A / Swinkels, B L / Tacca, M / Tanasijczuk, A J / Tapia San Martin, E N / Tiwari, S / Tonelli, M / Torres-Forné, A / Tosta E Melo, I / Travasso, F / Tringali, M C / Trovato, A / Tsang, K W / Turconi, M / Valentini, M / van Bakel, N / van Beuzekom, M / van den Brand, J F J / Van Den Broeck, C / van der Schaaf, L / Vardaro, M / Vasúth, M / Vedovato, G / Verkindt, D / Vetrano, F / Viceré, A / Vinet, J-Y / Vocca, H / Walet, R / Was, M / Zadrożny, A / Zelenova, T / Zendri, J-P / Vahlbruch, Henning / Mehmet, Moritz / Lück, Harald / Danzmann, Karsten

    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 123, Issue 23, Page(s) 231108

    Abstract: Current interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are limited by quantum noise over a wide range of their measurement bandwidth. One method to overcome the quantum limit is the injection of squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer's ... ...

    Abstract Current interferometric gravitational-wave detectors are limited by quantum noise over a wide range of their measurement bandwidth. One method to overcome the quantum limit is the injection of squeezed vacuum states of light into the interferometer's dark port. Here, we report on the successful application of this quantum technology to improve the shot noise limited sensitivity of the Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave detector. A sensitivity enhancement of up to 3.2±0.1  dB beyond the shot noise limit is achieved. This nonclassical improvement corresponds to a 5%-8% increase of the binary neutron star horizon. The squeezing injection was fully automated and over the first 5 months of the third joint LIGO-Virgo observation run O3 squeezing was applied for more than 99% of the science time. During this period several gravitational-wave candidates have been recorded.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.231108
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: GW190521: A Binary Black Hole Merger with a Total Mass of 150  M_{⊙}.

    Abbott, R / Abbott, T D / Abraham, S / Acernese, F / Ackley, K / Adams, C / Adhikari, R X / Adya, V B / Affeldt, C / Agathos, M / Agatsuma, K / Aggarwal, N / Aguiar, O D / Aich, A / Aiello, L / Ain, A / Ajith, P / Akcay, S / Allen, G /
    Allocca, A / Altin, P A / Amato, A / Anand, S / Ananyeva, A / Anderson, S B / Anderson, W G / Angelova, S V / Ansoldi, S / Antier, S / Appert, S / Arai, K / Araya, M C / Areeda, J S / Arène, M / Arnaud, N / Aronson, S M / Arun, K G / Asali, Y / Ascenzi, S / Ashton, G / Aston, S M / Astone, P / Aubin, F / Aufmuth, P / AultONeal, K / Austin, C / Avendano, V / Babak, S / Bacon, P / Badaracco, F / Bader, M K M / Bae, S / Baer, A M / Baird, J / Baldaccini, F / Ballardin, G / Ballmer, S W / Bals, A / Balsamo, A / Baltus, G / Banagiri, S / Bankar, D / Bankar, R S / Barayoga, J C / Barbieri, C / Barish, B C / Barker, D / Barkett, K / Barneo, P / Barone, F / Barr, B / Barsotti, L / Barsuglia, M / Barta, D / Bartlett, J / Bartos, I / Bassiri, R / Basti, A / Bawaj, M / Bayley, J C / Bazzan, M / Bécsy, B / Bejger, M / Belahcene, I / Bell, A S / Beniwal, D / Benjamin, M G / Bentley, J D / Bergamin, F / Berger, B K / Bergmann, G / Bernuzzi, S / Berry, C P L / Bersanetti, D / Bertolini, A / Betzwieser, J / Bhandare, R / Bhandari, A V / Bidler, J / Biggs, E / Bilenko, I A / Billingsley, G / Birney, R / Birnholtz, O / Biscans, S / Bischi, M / Biscoveanu, S / Bisht, A / Bissenbayeva, G / Bitossi, M / Bizouard, M A / Blackburn, J K / Blackman, J / Blair, C D / Blair, D G / Blair, R M / Bobba, F / Bode, N / Boer, M / Boetzel, Y / Bogaert, G / Bondu, F / Bonilla, E / Bonnand, R / Booker, P / Boom, B A / Bork, R / Boschi, V / Bose, S / Bossilkov, V / Bosveld, J / Bouffanais, Y / Bozzi, A / Bradaschia, C / Brady, P R / Bramley, A / Branchesi, M / Brau, J E / Breschi, M / Briant, T / Briggs, J H / Brighenti, F / Brillet, A / Brinkmann, M / Brockill, P / Brooks, A F / Brooks, J / Brown, D D / Brunett, S / Bruno, G / Bruntz, R / Buikema, A / Bulik, T / Bulten, H J / Buonanno, A / Buscicchio, R / Buskulic, D / Byer, R L / Cabero, M / Cadonati, L / Cagnoli, G / Cahillane, C / Calderón Bustillo, J / Callaghan, J D / Callister, T A / Calloni, E / Camp, J B / Canepa, M / Cannon, K C / Cao, H / Cao, J / Carapella, G / Carbognani, F / Caride, S / Carney, M F / Carullo, G / Casanueva Diaz, J / Casentini, C / Castañeda, J / Caudill, S / Cavaglià, M / Cavalier, F / Cavalieri, R / Cella, G / Cerdá-Durán, P / Cesarini, E / Chaibi, O / Chakravarti, K / Chan, C / Chan, M / Chandra, K / Chao, S / Charlton, P / Chase, E A / Chassande-Mottin, E / Chatterjee, D / Chaturvedi, M / Chatziioannou, K / Chen, H Y / Chen, X / Chen, Y / Cheng, H-P / Cheong, C K / Chia, H Y / Chiadini, F / Chierici, R / Chincarini, A / Chiummo, A / Cho, G / Cho, H S / Cho, M / Christensen, N / Chu, Q / Chua, S / Chung, K W / Chung, S / Ciani, G / Ciecielag, P / Cieślar, M / Ciobanu, A A / Ciolfi, R / Cipriano, F / Cirone, A / Clara, F / Clark, J A / Clearwater, P / Clesse, S / Cleva, F / Coccia, E / Cohadon, P-F / Cohen, D / Colleoni, M / Collette, C G / Collins, C / Colpi, M / Constancio, M / Conti, L / Cooper, S J / Corban, P / Corbitt, T R / Cordero-Carrión, I / Corezzi, S / Corley, K R / Cornish, N / Corre, D / Corsi, A / Cortese, S / Costa, C A / Cotesta, R / Coughlin, M W / Coughlin, S B / Coulon, J-P / Countryman, S T / Couvares, P / Covas, P B / Coward, D M / Cowart, M J / Coyne, D C / Coyne, R / Creighton, J D E / Creighton, T D / Cripe, J / Croquette, M / Crowder, S G / Cudell, J-R / Cullen, T J / Cumming, A / Cummings, R / Cunningham, L / Cuoco, E / Curylo, M / Canton, T Dal / Dálya, G / Dana, A / Daneshgaran-Bajastani, L M / D'Angelo, B / Danilishin, S L / D'Antonio, S / Danzmann, K / Darsow-Fromm, C / Dasgupta, A / Datrier, L E H / Dattilo, V / Dave, I / Davier, M / Davies, G S / Davis, D / Daw, E J / DeBra, D / Deenadayalan, M / Degallaix, J / De Laurentis, M / Deléglise, S / Delfavero, M / De Lillo, N / Del Pozzo, W / DeMarchi, L M / D'Emilio, V / Demos, N / Dent, T / De Pietri, R / De Rosa, R / De Rossi, C / DeSalvo, R / de Varona, O / Dhurandhar, S / Díaz, M C / Diaz-Ortiz, M / Dietrich, T / Di Fiore, L / Di Fronzo, C / Di Giorgio, C / Di Giovanni, F / Di Giovanni, M / Di Girolamo, T / Di Lieto, A / Ding, B / Di Pace, S / Di Palma, I / Di Renzo, F / Divakarla, A K / Dmitriev, A / Doctor, Z / Donovan, F / Dooley, K L / Doravari, S / Dorrington, I / Downes, T P / Drago, M / Driggers, J C / Du, Z / Ducoin, J-G / Dupej, P / Durante, O / D'Urso, D / Dwyer, S E / Easter, P J / Eddolls, G / Edelman, B / Edo, T B / Edy, O / Effler, A / Ehrens, P / Eichholz, J / Eikenberry, S S / Eisenmann, M / Eisenstein, R A / Ejlli, A / Errico, L / Essick, R C / Estelles, H / Estevez, D / Etienne, Z B / Etzel, T / Evans, M / Evans, T M / Ewing, B E / Fafone, V / Fairhurst, S / Fan, X / Farinon, S / Farr, B / Farr, W M / Fauchon-Jones, E J / Favata, M / Fays, M / Fazio, M / Feicht, J / Fejer, M M / Feng, F / Fenyvesi, E / Ferguson, D L / Fernandez-Galiana, A / Ferrante, I / Ferreira, E C / Ferreira, T A / Fidecaro, F / Fiori, I / Fiorucci, D / Fishbach, M / Fisher, R P / Fittipaldi, R / Fitz-Axen, M / Fiumara, V / Flaminio, R / Floden, E / Flynn, E / Fong, H / Font, J A / Forsyth, P W F / Fournier, J-D / Frasca, S / Frasconi, F / Frei, Z / Freise, A / Frey, R / Frey, V / Fritschel, P / Frolov, V V / Fronzè, G / Fulda, P / Fyffe, M / Gabbard, H A / Gadre, B U / Gaebel, S M / Gair, J R / Galaudage, S / Ganapathy, D / Ganguly, A / Gaonkar, S G / García-Quirós, C / Garufi, F / Gateley, B / Gaudio, S / Gayathri, V / Gemme, G / Genin, E / Gennai, A / George, D / George, J / Gergely, L / Ghonge, S / Ghosh, Abhirup / Ghosh, Archisman / Ghosh, S / Giacomazzo, B / Giaime, J A / Giardina, K D / Gibson, D R / Gier, C / Gill, K / Glanzer, J / Gniesmer, J / Godwin, P / Goetz, E / Goetz, R / Gohlke, N / Goncharov, B / González, G / Gopakumar, A / Gossan, S E / Gosselin, M / Gouaty, R / Grace, B / Grado, A / Granata, M / Grant, A / Gras, S / Grassia, P / Gray, C / Gray, R / Greco, G / Green, A C / Green, R / Gretarsson, E M / Griggs, H L / Grignani, G / Grimaldi, A / Grimm, S J / Grote, H / Grunewald, S / Gruning, P / Guidi, G M / Guimaraes, A R / Guixé, G / Gulati, H K / Guo, Y / Gupta, A / Gupta, Anchal / Gupta, P / Gustafson, E K / Gustafson, R / Haegel, L / Halim, O / Hall, E D / Hamilton, E Z / Hammond, G / Haney, M / Hanke, M M / Hanks, J / Hanna, C / Hannam, M D / Hannuksela, O A / Hansen, T J / Hanson, J / Harder, T / Hardwick, T / Haris, K / Harms, J / Harry, G M / Harry, I W / Hasskew, R K / Haster, C-J / Haughian, K / Hayes, F J / Healy, J / Heidmann, A / Heintze, M C / Heinze, J / Heitmann, H / Hellman, F / Hello, P / Hemming, G / Hendry, M / Heng, I S / Hennes, E / Hennig, J / Heurs, M / Hild, S / Hinderer, T / Hoback, S Y / Hochheim, S / Hofgard, E / Hofman, D / Holgado, A M / Holland, N A / Holt, K / Holz, D E / Hopkins, P / Horst, C / Hough, J / Howell, E J / Hoy, C G / Huang, Y / Hübner, M T / Huerta, E A / Huet, D / Hughey, B / Hui, V / Husa, S / Huttner, S H / Huxford, R / Huynh-Dinh, T / Idzkowski, B / Iess, A / Inchauspe, H / Ingram, C / Intini, G / Isac, J-M / Isi, M / Iyer, B R / Jacqmin, T / Jadhav, S J / Jadhav, S P / James, A L / Jani, K / Janthalur, N N / Jaranowski, P / Jariwala, D / Jaume, R / Jenkins, A C / Jiang, J / Johns, G R / Johnson-McDaniel, N K / Jones, A W / Jones, D I / Jones, J D / Jones, P / Jones, R / Jonker, R J G / Ju, L / Junker, J / Kalaghatgi, C V / Kalogera, V / Kamai, B / Kandhasamy, S / Kang, G / Kanner, J B / Kapadia, S J / Karki, S / Kashyap, R / Kasprzack, M / Kastaun, W / Katsanevas, S / Katsavounidis, E / Katzman, W / Kaufer, S / Kawabe, K / Kéfélian, F / Keitel, D / Keivani, A / Kennedy, R / Key, J S / Khadka, S / Khalili, F Y / Khan, I / Khan, S / Khan, Z A / Khazanov, E A / Khetan, N / Khursheed, M / Kijbunchoo, N / Kim, Chunglee / Kim, G J / Kim, J C / Kim, K / Kim, W / Kim, W S / Kim, Y-M / Kimball, C / King, P J / Kinley-Hanlon, M / Kirchhoff, R / Kissel, J S / Kleybolte, L / Klimenko, S / Knowles, T D / Knyazev, E / Koch, P / Koehlenbeck, S M / Koekoek, G / Koley, S / Kondrashov, V / Kontos, A / Koper, N / Korobko, M / Korth, W Z / Kovalam, M / Kozak, D B / Kringel, V / Krishnendu, N V / Królak, A / Krupinski, N / Kuehn, G / Kumar, A / Kumar, P / Kumar, Rahul / Kumar, Rakesh / Kumar, S / Kuo, L / Kutynia, A / Lackey, B D / Laghi, D / Lalande, E / Lam, T L / Lamberts, A / Landry, M / Lane, B B / Lang, R N / Lange, J / Lantz, B / Lanza, R K / La Rosa, I / Lartaux-Vollard, A / Lasky, P D / Laxen, M / Lazzarini, A / Lazzaro, C / Leaci, P / Leavey, S / Lecoeuche, Y K / Lee, C H / Lee, H M / Lee, H W / Lee, J / Lee, K / Lehmann, J / Leroy, N / Letendre, N / Levin, Y / Li, A K Y / Li, J / Li, K / Li, T G F / Li, X / Linde, F / Linker, S D / Linley, J N / Littenberg, T B / Liu, J / Liu, X / Llorens-Monteagudo, M / Lo, R K L / Lockwood, A / London, L T / Longo, A / Lorenzini, M / Loriette, V / Lormand, M / Losurdo, G / Lough, J D / Lousto, C O / Lovelace, G / Lück, H / Lumaca, D / Lundgren, A P / Ma, Y / Macas, R / Macfoy, S / MacInnis, M / Macleod, D M / MacMillan, I A O / Macquet, A / Magaña Hernandez, I / Magaña-Sandoval, F / Magee, R M / Majorana, E / Maksimovic, I / Malik, A / Man, N / Mandic, V / Mangano, V / Mansell, G L / Manske, M / Mantovani, M / Mapelli, M / Marchesoni, F / Marion, F / Márka, S / Márka, Z / Markakis, C / Markosyan, A S / Markowitz, A / Maros, E / Marquina, A / Marsat, S / Martelli, F / Martin, I W / Martin, R M / Martinez, V / Martynov, D V / Masalehdan, H / Mason, K / Massera, E / Masserot, A / Massinger, T J / Masso-Reid, M / Mastrogiovanni, S / Matas, A / Matichard, F / Mavalvala, N / Maynard, E / McCann, J J / McCarthy, R / McClelland, D E / McCormick, S / McCuller, L / McGuire, S C / McIsaac, C / McIver, J / McManus, D J / McRae, T / McWilliams, S T / Meacher, D / Meadors, G D / Mehmet, M / Mehta, A K / Mejuto Villa, E / Melatos, A / Mendell, G / Mercer, R A / Mereni, L / Merfeld, K / Merilh, E L / Merritt, J D / Merzougui, M / Meshkov, S / Messenger, C / Messick, C / Metzdorff, R / Meyers, P M / Meylahn, F / Mhaske, A / Miani, A / Miao, H / Michaloliakos, I / Michel, C / Middleton, H / Milano, L / 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    Physical review letters

    2021  Volume 125, Issue 10, Page(s) 101102

    Abstract: On May 21, 2019 at 03:02:29 UTC Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observed a short duration gravitational-wave signal, GW190521, with a three-detector network signal-to-noise ratio of 14.7, and an estimated false-alarm rate of 1 in 4900 yr using a search ... ...

    Abstract On May 21, 2019 at 03:02:29 UTC Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo observed a short duration gravitational-wave signal, GW190521, with a three-detector network signal-to-noise ratio of 14.7, and an estimated false-alarm rate of 1 in 4900 yr using a search sensitive to generic transients. If GW190521 is from a quasicircular binary inspiral, then the detected signal is consistent with the merger of two black holes with masses of 85_{-14}^{+21}  M_{⊙} and 66_{-18}^{+17}  M_{⊙} (90% credible intervals). We infer that the primary black hole mass lies within the gap produced by (pulsational) pair-instability supernova processes, with only a 0.32% probability of being below 65  M_{⊙}. We calculate the mass of the remnant to be 142_{-16}^{+28}  M_{⊙}, which can be considered an intermediate mass black hole (IMBH). The luminosity distance of the source is 5.3_{-2.6}^{+2.4}  Gpc, corresponding to a redshift of 0.82_{-0.34}^{+0.28}. The inferred rate of mergers similar to GW190521 is 0.13_{-0.11}^{+0.30}  Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-02-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.125.101102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Constraining the p-Mode-g-Mode Tidal Instability with GW170817.

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    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 122, Issue 6, Page(s) 61104

    Abstract: We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling p modes and g modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This nonresonant instability transfers energy from the orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational- ...

    Abstract We analyze the impact of a proposed tidal instability coupling p modes and g modes within neutron stars on GW170817. This nonresonant instability transfers energy from the orbit of the binary to internal modes of the stars, accelerating the gravitational-wave driven inspiral. We model the impact of this instability on the phasing of the gravitational wave signal using three parameters per star: an overall amplitude, a saturation frequency, and a spectral index. Incorporating these additional parameters, we compute the Bayes factor (lnB_{!pg}^{pg}) comparing our p-g model to a standard one. We find that the observed signal is consistent with waveform models that neglect p-g effects, with lnB_{!pg}^{pg}=0.03_{-0.58}^{+0.70} (maximum a posteriori and 90% credible region). By injecting simulated signals that do not include p-g effects and recovering them with the p-g model, we show that there is a ≃50% probability of obtaining similar lnB_{!pg}^{pg} even when p-g effects are absent. We find that the p-g amplitude for 1.4  M_{⊙} neutron stars is constrained to less than a few tenths of the theoretical maximum, with maxima a posteriori near one-tenth this maximum and p-g saturation frequency ∼70  Hz. This suggests that there are less than a few hundred excited modes, assuming they all saturate by wave breaking. For comparison, theoretical upper bounds suggest ≲10^{3} modes saturate by wave breaking. Thus, the measured constraints only rule out extreme values of the p-g parameters. They also imply that the instability dissipates ≲10^{51}  erg over the entire inspiral, i.e., less than a few percent of the energy radiated as gravitational waves.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-03-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.122.061104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Search for Subsolar Mass Ultracompact Binaries in Advanced LIGO's Second Observing Run.

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    Physical review letters

    2019  Volume 123, Issue 16, Page(s) 161102

    Abstract: We present a search for subsolar mass ultracompact objects in data obtained during Advanced LIGO's second observing run. In contrast to a previous search of Advanced LIGO data from the first observing run, this search includes the effects of component ... ...

    Abstract We present a search for subsolar mass ultracompact objects in data obtained during Advanced LIGO's second observing run. In contrast to a previous search of Advanced LIGO data from the first observing run, this search includes the effects of component spin on the gravitational waveform. We identify no viable gravitational-wave candidates consistent with subsolar mass ultracompact binaries with at least one component between 0.2  M_{⊙}-1.0  M_{⊙}. We use the null result to constrain the binary merger rate of (0.2  M_{⊙}, 0.2  M_{⊙}) binaries to be less than 3.7×10^{5}  Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1} and the binary merger rate of (1.0  M_{⊙}, 1.0  M_{⊙}) binaries to be less than 5.2×10^{3}  Gpc^{-3} yr^{-1}. Subsolar mass ultracompact objects are not expected to form via known stellar evolution channels, though it has been suggested that primordial density fluctuations or particle dark matter with cooling mechanisms and/or nuclear interactions could form black holes with subsolar masses. Assuming a particular primordial black hole (PBH) formation model, we constrain a population of merging 0.2  M_{⊙} black holes to account for less than 16% of the dark matter density and a population of merging 1.0  M_{⊙} black holes to account for less than 2% of the dark matter density. We discuss how constraints on the merger rate and dark matter fraction may be extended to arbitrary black hole population models that predict subsolar mass binaries.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-11-08
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.123.161102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: GW170817: Measurements of Neutron Star Radii and Equation of State.

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    Physical review letters

    2018  Volume 121, Issue 16, Page(s) 161101

    Abstract: On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to ... ...

    Abstract On 17 August 2017, the LIGO and Virgo observatories made the first direct detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of a neutron star binary system. The detection of this gravitational-wave signal, GW170817, offers a novel opportunity to directly probe the properties of matter at the extreme conditions found in the interior of these stars. The initial, minimal-assumption analysis of the LIGO and Virgo data placed constraints on the tidal effects of the coalescing bodies, which were then translated to constraints on neutron star radii. Here, we expand upon previous analyses by working under the hypothesis that both bodies were neutron stars that are described by the same equation of state and have spins within the range observed in Galactic binary neutron stars. Our analysis employs two methods: the use of equation-of-state-insensitive relations between various macroscopic properties of the neutron stars and the use of an efficient parametrization of the defining function p(ρ) of the equation of state itself. From the LIGO and Virgo data alone and the first method, we measure the two neutron star radii as R_{1}=10.8_{-1.7}^{+2.0}  km for the heavier star and R_{2}=10.7_{-1.5}^{+2.1}  km for the lighter star at the 90% credible level. If we additionally require that the equation of state supports neutron stars with masses larger than 1.97  M_{⊙} as required from electromagnetic observations and employ the equation-of-state parametrization, we further constrain R_{1}=11.9_{-1.4}^{+1.4}  km and R_{2}=11.9_{-1.4}^{+1.4}  km at the 90% credible level. Finally, we obtain constraints on p(ρ) at supranuclear densities, with pressure at twice nuclear saturation density measured at 3.5_{-1.7}^{+2.7}×10^{34}  dyn cm^{-2} at the 90% level.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-11-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.161101
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Search for Tensor, Vector, and Scalar Polarizations in the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background.

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    Physical review letters

    2018  Volume 120, Issue 20, Page(s) 201102

    Abstract: The detection of gravitational waves with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo has enabled novel tests of general relativity, including direct study of the polarization of gravitational waves. While general relativity allows for only two tensor gravitational- ...

    Abstract The detection of gravitational waves with Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo has enabled novel tests of general relativity, including direct study of the polarization of gravitational waves. While general relativity allows for only two tensor gravitational-wave polarizations, general metric theories can additionally predict two vector and two scalar polarizations. The polarization of gravitational waves is encoded in the spectral shape of the stochastic gravitational-wave background, formed by the superposition of cosmological and individually unresolved astrophysical sources. Using data recorded by Advanced LIGO during its first observing run, we search for a stochastic background of generically polarized gravitational waves. We find no evidence for a background of any polarization, and place the first direct bounds on the contributions of vector and scalar polarizations to the stochastic background. Under log-uniform priors for the energy in each polarization, we limit the energy densities of tensor, vector, and scalar modes at 95% credibility to Ω_{0}^{T}<5.58×10^{-8}, Ω_{0}^{V}<6.35×10^{-8}, and Ω_{0}^{S}<1.08×10^{-7} at a reference frequency f_{0}=25  Hz.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-05-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.201102
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Search for Subsolar-Mass Ultracompact Binaries in Advanced LIGO's First Observing Run.

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    Physical review letters

    2018  Volume 121, Issue 23, Page(s) 231103

    Abstract: We present the first Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo search for ultracompact binary systems with component masses between 0.2  M_{⊙}-1.0  M_{⊙} using data taken between September 12, 2015 and January 19, 2016. We find no viable gravitational wave ... ...

    Abstract We present the first Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo search for ultracompact binary systems with component masses between 0.2  M_{⊙}-1.0  M_{⊙} using data taken between September 12, 2015 and January 19, 2016. We find no viable gravitational wave candidates. Our null result constrains the coalescence rate of monochromatic (delta function) distributions of nonspinning (0.2  M_{⊙}, 0.2  M_{⊙}) ultracompact binaries to be less than 1.0×10^{6}  Gpc^{-3}  yr^{-1} and the coalescence rate of a similar distribution of (1.0  M_{⊙}, 1.0  M_{⊙}) ultracompact binaries to be less than 1.9×10^{4}  Gpc^{-3}  yr^{-1} (at 90% confidence). Neither black holes nor neutron stars are expected to form below ∼1  M_{⊙} through conventional stellar evolution, though it has been proposed that similarly low mass black holes could be formed primordially through density fluctuations in the early Universe and contribute to the dark matter density. The interpretation of our constraints in the primordial black hole dark matter paradigm is highly model dependent; however, under a particular primordial black hole binary formation scenario we constrain monochromatic primordial black hole populations of 0.2  M_{⊙} to be less than 33% of the total dark matter density and monochromatic populations of 1.0  M_{⊙} to be less than 5% of the dark matter density. The latter strengthens the presently placed bounds from microlensing surveys of massive compact halo objects (MACHOs) provided by the MACHO and EROS Collaborations.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-12-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.121.231103
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: First Search for Nontensorial Gravitational Waves from Known Pulsars.

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    Physical review letters

    2018  Volume 120, Issue 3, Page(s) 31104

    Abstract: We present results from the first directed search for nontensorial gravitational waves. While general relativity allows for tensorial (plus and cross) modes only, a generic metric theory may, in principle, predict waves with up to six different ... ...

    Abstract We present results from the first directed search for nontensorial gravitational waves. While general relativity allows for tensorial (plus and cross) modes only, a generic metric theory may, in principle, predict waves with up to six different polarizations. This analysis is sensitive to continuous signals of scalar, vector, or tensor polarizations, and does not rely on any specific theory of gravity. After searching data from the first observation run of the advanced LIGO detectors for signals at twice the rotational frequency of 200 known pulsars, we find no evidence of gravitational waves of any polarization. We report the first upper limits for scalar and vector strains, finding values comparable in magnitude to previously published limits for tensor strain. Our results may be translated into constraints on specific alternative theories of gravity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.031104
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: GW170817: Implications for the Stochastic Gravitational-Wave Background from Compact Binary Coalescences.

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    Physical review letters

    2018  Volume 120, Issue 9, Page(s) 91101

    Abstract: The LIGO Scientific and Virgo Collaborations have announced the event GW170817, the first detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of two neutron stars. The merger rate of binary neutron stars estimated from this event suggests that distant, ...

    Abstract The LIGO Scientific and Virgo Collaborations have announced the event GW170817, the first detection of gravitational waves from the coalescence of two neutron stars. The merger rate of binary neutron stars estimated from this event suggests that distant, unresolvable binary neutron stars create a significant astrophysical stochastic gravitational-wave background. The binary neutron star component will add to the contribution from binary black holes, increasing the amplitude of the total astrophysical background relative to previous expectations. In the Advanced LIGO-Virgo frequency band most sensitive to stochastic backgrounds (near 25 Hz), we predict a total astrophysical background with amplitude Ω_{GW}(f=25  Hz)=1.8_{-1.3}^{+2.7}×10^{-9} with 90% confidence, compared with Ω_{GW}(f=25  Hz)=1.1_{-0.7}^{+1.2}×10^{-9} from binary black holes alone. Assuming the most probable rate for compact binary mergers, we find that the total background may be detectable with a signal-to-noise-ratio of 3 after 40 months of total observation time, based on the expected timeline for Advanced LIGO and Virgo to reach their design sensitivity.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-02
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.120.091101
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: GW170817: Observation of Gravitational Waves from a Binary Neutron Star Inspiral.

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    Physical review letters

    2017  Volume 119, Issue 16, Page(s) 161101

    Abstract: On August 17, 2017 at 12∶41:04 UTC the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave detectors made their first observation of a binary neutron star inspiral. The signal, GW170817, was detected with a combined signal-to-noise ratio of 32.4 and a ... ...

    Abstract On August 17, 2017 at 12∶41:04 UTC the Advanced LIGO and Advanced Virgo gravitational-wave detectors made their first observation of a binary neutron star inspiral. The signal, GW170817, was detected with a combined signal-to-noise ratio of 32.4 and a false-alarm-rate estimate of less than one per 8.0×10^{4}  years. We infer the component masses of the binary to be between 0.86 and 2.26  M_{⊙}, in agreement with masses of known neutron stars. Restricting the component spins to the range inferred in binary neutron stars, we find the component masses to be in the range 1.17-1.60  M_{⊙}, with the total mass of the system 2.74_{-0.01}^{+0.04}M_{⊙}. The source was localized within a sky region of 28  deg^{2} (90% probability) and had a luminosity distance of 40_{-14}^{+8}  Mpc, the closest and most precisely localized gravitational-wave signal yet. The association with the γ-ray burst GRB 170817A, detected by Fermi-GBM 1.7 s after the coalescence, corroborates the hypothesis of a neutron star merger and provides the first direct evidence of a link between these mergers and short γ-ray bursts. Subsequent identification of transient counterparts across the electromagnetic spectrum in the same location further supports the interpretation of this event as a neutron star merger. This unprecedented joint gravitational and electromagnetic observation provides insight into astrophysics, dense matter, gravitation, and cosmology.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-10-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 208853-8
    ISSN 1079-7114 ; 0031-9007
    ISSN (online) 1079-7114
    ISSN 0031-9007
    DOI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.119.161101
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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