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  1. Article ; Online: Effect of Weight Loss by Low-Calorie Diet on Cardiovascular Health in Type 2 Diabetes: An Interventional Cohort Study.

    Melhem, Shaden / Steven, Sarah / Taylor, Roy / Al-Mrabeh, Ahmad

    Nutrients

    2021  Volume 13, Issue 5

    Abstract: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major problem for people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and the leading cause of death worldwide. We aimed to determine cardiovascular benefits of weight loss with or without remission of diabetes, and to assess ... ...

    Abstract Cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major problem for people with type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and the leading cause of death worldwide. We aimed to determine cardiovascular benefits of weight loss with or without remission of diabetes, and to assess utility of plasma biomarkers. 29 people with T2DM were studied at baseline and after dietary weight loss. Change in plasma adipokines and lipid related markers was examined in relation to weight loss, diabetes remission, 10-year cardiovascular risk (QRISK), and duration of diabetes. QRISK decreased markedly after weight loss (18.9 ± 2.2 to 11.2 ± 1.6%,
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-26
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2518386-2
    ISSN 2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
    ISSN (online) 2072-6643
    ISSN 2072-6643
    DOI 10.3390/nu13051465
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase deficiency promotes oxidative distress and aberrant NRF2 function in the brain.

    Luo, Yang / Chatre, Laurent / Melhem, Shaden / Al-Dahmani, Zayana M / Homer, Natalie Z M / Miedema, Anneke / Deelman, Leo E / Groves, Matthew R / Feelisch, Martin / Morton, Nicholas M / Dolga, Amalia / van Goor, Harry

    Redox biology

    2023  Volume 68, Page(s) 102965

    Abstract: Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (TST, EC 2.8.1.1) was discovered as an enzyme that detoxifies cyanide by conversion to thiocyanate (rhodanide) using thiosulfate as substrate; this rhodanese activity was subsequently identified to be almost exclusively ... ...

    Abstract Thiosulfate sulfurtransferase (TST, EC 2.8.1.1) was discovered as an enzyme that detoxifies cyanide by conversion to thiocyanate (rhodanide) using thiosulfate as substrate; this rhodanese activity was subsequently identified to be almost exclusively located in mitochondria. More recently, the emphasis regarding its function has shifted to hydrogen sulfide metabolism, antioxidant defense, and mitochondrial function in the context of protective biological processes against oxidative distress. While TST has been described to play an important role in liver and colon, its function in the brain remains obscure. In the present study, we therefore sought to address its potential involvement in maintaining cerebral redox balance in a murine model of global TST deficiency (Tst
    MeSH term(s) Mice ; Animals ; Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase/genetics ; Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase/metabolism ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/genetics ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1/metabolism ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Brain/metabolism ; Oxidative Stress
    Chemical Substances Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase (EC 2.8.1.1) ; Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1 ; NF-E2-Related Factor 2 ; Antioxidants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-19
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2701011-9
    ISSN 2213-2317 ; 2213-2317
    ISSN (online) 2213-2317
    ISSN 2213-2317
    DOI 10.1016/j.redox.2023.102965
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Hepatic Lipoprotein Export and Remission of Human Type 2 Diabetes after Weight Loss.

    Al-Mrabeh, Ahmad / Zhyzhneuskaya, Sviatlana V / Peters, Carl / Barnes, Alison C / Melhem, Shaden / Jesuthasan, Aaron / Aribisala, Benjamin / Hollingsworth, Kieren G / Lietz, Georg / Mathers, John C / Sattar, Naveed / Lean, Michael E J / Taylor, Roy

    Cell metabolism

    2019  Volume 31, Issue 2, Page(s) 233–249.e4

    Abstract: The role of hepatic lipoprotein metabolism in diet-induced remission of type 2 diabetes is currently unclear. Here, we determined the contributions of hepatic VLDL1-triglyceride production rate and VLDL1-palmitic acid content to changes in intra- ... ...

    Abstract The role of hepatic lipoprotein metabolism in diet-induced remission of type 2 diabetes is currently unclear. Here, we determined the contributions of hepatic VLDL1-triglyceride production rate and VLDL1-palmitic acid content to changes in intra-pancreatic fat and return of first phase insulin response in a subgroup of the Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial. Liver fat, VLDL1-triglyceride production, and intra-pancreatic fat decreased after weight loss and remained normalized after 24 months of remission. First-phase insulin response remained increased only in those maintaining diabetes remission. Compared with those in remission at 24 months, individuals who relapsed after initial remission had a greater rise in the content of VLDL1-triglyceride and VLDL1-palmitic acid, re-accumulated intra-pancreatic fat, and lost first-phase response by 24 months. Thus, we observed temporal relationships between VLDL1-triglyceride production, hepatic palmitic acid flux, intra-pancreatic fat, and β-cell function. Weight-related disordered fat metabolism appears to drive development and reversal of type 2 diabetes.
    MeSH term(s) Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/metabolism ; Insulin-Secreting Cells/pathology ; Lipid Metabolism ; Lipoproteins, VLDL/metabolism ; Liver/metabolism ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Palmitic Acid/metabolism ; Remission Induction ; Triglycerides/metabolism ; Weight Loss
    Chemical Substances Lipoproteins, VLDL ; Triglycerides ; Palmitic Acid (2V16EO95H1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-12-19
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2176834-1
    ISSN 1932-7420 ; 1550-4131
    ISSN (online) 1932-7420
    ISSN 1550-4131
    DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2019.11.018
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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