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Article: Positive effects of physical activity in autism spectrum disorder: how influences behavior, metabolic disorder and gut microbiota.

Ranieri, Annaluisa / Mennitti, Cristina / Falcone, Noemi / La Monica, Ilaria / Di Iorio, Maria Rosaria / Tripodi, Lorella / Gentile, Alessandro / Vitale, Maria / Pero, Raffaella / Pastore, Lucio / D'Argenio, Valeria / Scudiero, Olga / Lombardo, Barbara

Frontiers in psychiatry

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1238797

Abstract: Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social interactions and communication skills impairments that include intellectual disabilities, communication delays and self-injurious behaviors; often are present systemic ... ...

Abstract	Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by social interactions and communication skills impairments that include intellectual disabilities, communication delays and self-injurious behaviors; often are present systemic comorbidities such as gastrointestinal disorders, obesity and cardiovascular disease. Moreover, in recent years has emerged a link between alterations in the intestinal microbiota and neurobehavioral symptoms in children with autism spectrum disorder. Recently, physical activity and exercise interventions are known to be beneficial for improving communication and social interaction and the composition of microbiota. In our review we intend to highlight how different types of sports can help to improve communication and social behaviors in children with autism and also show positive effects on gut microbiota composition.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-10
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2564218-2
ISSN	1664-0640
ISSN	1664-0640
DOI	10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1238797
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Visceral adipose tissue and residual cardiovascular risk: a pathological link and new therapeutic options.

Cesaro, Arturo / De Michele, Gianantonio / Fimiani, Fabio / Acerbo, Vincenzo / Scherillo, Gianmaria / Signore, Giovanni / Rotolo, Francesco Paolo / Scialla, Francesco / Raucci, Giuseppe / Panico, Domenico / Gragnano, Felice / Moscarella, Elisabetta / Scudiero, Olga / Mennitti, Cristina / Calabrò, Paolo

Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine

2023 Volume 10, Page(s) 1187735

Abstract: Obesity is a heterogeneous disease that affects almost one-third of the global population. A clear association has been established between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, CVD risk is known to be related more to the local distribution ... ...

Abstract	Obesity is a heterogeneous disease that affects almost one-third of the global population. A clear association has been established between obesity and cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, CVD risk is known to be related more to the local distribution of fat than to total body fat. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) in particular has a high impact on CVD risk. This manuscript reviews the role of VAT in residual CV risk and the available therapeutic strategies for decreasing residual CV risk related to VAT accumulation. Among the many pathways involved in residual CV risk, obesity and particularly VAT accumulation play a major role by generating low-grade systemic inflammation, which in turn has a high prognostic impact on all-cause mortality and myocardial infarction. In recent years, many therapeutic approaches have been developed to reduce body weight. Orlistat was shown to reduce both weight and VAT but has low tolerability and many drug-drug interactions. Naltrexone-bupropion combination lowers body weight but has frequent side effects and is contraindicated in patients with uncontrolled hypertension. Liraglutide and semaglutide, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists, are the latest drugs approved for the treatment of obesity, and both have been shown to induce significant body weight loss. Liraglutide, semaglutide and other GLP-1 agonists also showed a positive effect on CV outcomes in diabetic patients. In addition, liraglutide showed to specifically reduce VAT and inflammatory biomarkers in obese patients without diabetes. GLP-1 agonists are promising compounds to limit inflammation in human visceral adipocytes.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2781496-8
ISSN	2297-055X
ISSN	2297-055X
DOI	10.3389/fcvm.2023.1187735
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Article ; Online: Integrated Approach to Highlighting the Molecular Bases of a Deep Vein Thrombosis Event in an Elite Basketball Athlete.

Mennitti, Cristina / Miele, Ciro / Scarano, Carmela / Veneruso, Iolanda / Gentile, Alessandro / Mormile, Rosaria / Saviano, Francesca / D'Alicandro, Giovanni / Mazzaccara, Cristina / Frisso, Giulia / Capasso, Filomena / D'Argenio, Valeria / Scudiero, Olga

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 15

Abstract: Acute or intense exercise can result in metabolic imbalances, muscle injuries, or reveal hidden disorders. Laboratory medicine in sports is playing an increasingly crucial role in monitoring athletes' health conditions. In this study, we designed an ... ...

Abstract	Acute or intense exercise can result in metabolic imbalances, muscle injuries, or reveal hidden disorders. Laboratory medicine in sports is playing an increasingly crucial role in monitoring athletes' health conditions. In this study, we designed an integrated approach to explore the causes of a deep venous thrombosis event in an elite basketball player. Since the complete blood count revealed a marked platelet count (838 × 10
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; von Willebrand Diseases ; Basketball ; Thrombophilia/complications ; Thrombocythemia, Essential ; Venous Thrombosis/genetics ; Athletes ; von Willebrand Factor/metabolism
Chemical Substances	von Willebrand Factor
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-31
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241512256
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Article: Antimicrobial Peptides and Physical Activity: A Great Hope against COVID 19.

Laneri, Sonia / Brancaccio, Mariarita / Mennitti, Cristina / De Biasi, Margherita G / Pero, Maria Elena / Pisanelli, Giuseppe / Scudiero, Olga / Pero, Raffaela

Microorganisms

2021 Volume 9, Issue 7

Abstract: Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), α- and β-defensins, possess antiviral properties. These AMPs achieve viral inhibition through different mechanisms of action. For example, they can: (i) bind directly to virions; (ii) bind to and modulate host cell-surface ... ...

Abstract	Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), α- and β-defensins, possess antiviral properties. These AMPs achieve viral inhibition through different mechanisms of action. For example, they can: (i) bind directly to virions; (ii) bind to and modulate host cell-surface receptors, disrupting intracellular signaling; (iii) function as chemokines to augment and alter adaptive immune responses. Given their antiviral properties and the fact that the development of an effective coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment is an urgent public health priority, they and their derivatives are being explored as potential therapies against COVID-19. These explorations using various strategies, range from their direct interaction with the virus to using them as vaccine adjuvants. However, AMPs do not work in isolation, specifically in their role as potent immune modulators, where they interact with toll-like receptors (TLRs) and chemokine receptors. Both of these receptors have been shown to play roles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. In addition, it is known that a healthy lifestyle accompanied by controlled physical activity can represent a natural weapon against COVID-19. In competitive athletes, an increase in serum defensins has been shown to function as self-protection from the attack of microorganisms, consequently a controlled physical activity could act as a support to any therapies in fighting COVID-19. Therefore, including information on all these players' interactions would produce a complete picture of AMP-based therapies' response.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-06-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms9071415
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Article: Antimicrobial Peptides and Physical Activity: A Great Hope against COVID 19

Laneri, Sonia / Brancaccio, Mariarita / Mennitti, Cristina / De Biasi, Margherita G. / Pero, Maria Elena / Pisanelli, Giuseppe / Scudiero, Olga / Pero, Raffaela

Microorganisms. 2021 June 30, v. 9, no. 7

2021

Abstract	Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), α- and β-defensins, possess antiviral properties. These AMPs achieve viral inhibition through different mechanisms of action. For example, they can: (i) bind directly to virions; (ii) bind to and modulate host cell-surface receptors, disrupting intracellular signaling; (iii) function as chemokines to augment and alter adaptive immune responses. Given their antiviral properties and the fact that the development of an effective coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment is an urgent public health priority, they and their derivatives are being explored as potential therapies against COVID-19. These explorations using various strategies, range from their direct interaction with the virus to using them as vaccine adjuvants. However, AMPs do not work in isolation, specifically in their role as potent immune modulators, where they interact with toll-like receptors (TLRs) and chemokine receptors. Both of these receptors have been shown to play roles in COVID-19 pathogenesis. In addition, it is known that a healthy lifestyle accompanied by controlled physical activity can represent a natural weapon against COVID-19. In competitive athletes, an increase in serum defensins has been shown to function as self-protection from the attack of microorganisms, consequently a controlled physical activity could act as a support to any therapies in fighting COVID-19. Therefore, including information on all these players’ interactions would produce a complete picture of AMP-based therapies’ response.
Keywords	COVID-19 infection ; antimicrobial peptides ; blood serum ; chemokines ; lifestyle ; pathogenesis ; physical activity ; public health ; vaccines ; viruses
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-0630
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2720891-6
ISSN	2076-2607
ISSN	2076-2607
DOI	10.3390/microorganisms9071415
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Evaluation of Antioxidant Defence Systems and Inflammatory Status in Basketball Elite Athletes.

Gentile, Alessandro / Punziano, Carolina / Calvanese, Mariella / De Falco, Renato / Gentile, Luca / D'Alicandro, Giovanni / Miele, Ciro / Capasso, Filomena / Pero, Raffaela / Mazzaccara, Cristina / Lombardo, Barbara / Frisso, Giulia / Borrelli, Paola / Mennitti, Cristina / Scudiero, Olga / Faraonio, Raffaella

Genes

2023 Volume 14, Issue 10

Abstract: Intense physical activity can induce metabolic changes that modify specific biochemical biomarkers. In this scenario, the purpose of our study was to evaluate how intense physical activity can affect oxidative metabolism. Following this, fifteen ... ...

Abstract	Intense physical activity can induce metabolic changes that modify specific biochemical biomarkers. In this scenario, the purpose of our study was to evaluate how intense physical activity can affect oxidative metabolism. Following this, fifteen professional basketball players and fifteen sedentary controls were recruited and subjected to two samplings of serum and urine in the pre-season (September) and two months after the start of the competitive season (November). Our results have shown an increase in athletes compared to controls in CK and LDH in September (respectively,
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Antioxidants/metabolism ; Basketball ; Athletes ; Exercise ; Kidney/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Antioxidants
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-09-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2527218-4
ISSN	2073-4425 ; 2073-4425
ISSN (online)	2073-4425
ISSN	2073-4425
DOI	10.3390/genes14101891
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Article ; Online: Diagnostic and Therapeutic Potential for HNP-1, HBD-1 and HBD-4 in Pregnant Women with COVID-19.

Brancaccio, Mariarita / Mennitti, Cristina / Calvanese, Mariella / Gentile, Alessandro / Musto, Roberta / Gaudiello, Giulia / Scamardella, Giulia / Terracciano, Daniela / Frisso, Giulia / Pero, Raffaela / Sarno, Laura / Guida, Maurizio / Scudiero, Olga

International journal of molecular sciences

2022 Volume 23, Issue 7

Abstract: Pregnancy is characterized by significant immunological changes and a cytokine profile, as well as vitamin deficiencies that can cause problems for the correct development of a fetus. Defensins are small antimicrobial peptides that are part of the innate ...

Abstract	Pregnancy is characterized by significant immunological changes and a cytokine profile, as well as vitamin deficiencies that can cause problems for the correct development of a fetus. Defensins are small antimicrobial peptides that are part of the innate immune system and are involved in several biological activities. Following that, this study aims to compare the levels of various cytokines and to investigate the role of defensins between pregnant women with confirmed COVID-19 infection and pregnant women without any defined risk factor. TNF-α, TGF-β, IL-2 and IL-10, β-defensins, have been evaluated by gene expression in our population. At the same time, by
MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Cytokines ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-8 ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; alpha-Defensins ; beta-Defensins
Chemical Substances	Cytokines ; Interleukin-2 ; Interleukin-6 ; Interleukin-8 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; alpha-Defensins ; beta-Defensins ; human neutrophil peptide 1 ; Interleukin-10 (130068-27-8)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-22
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms23073450
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Article ; Online: The Impact of Physical Exercise on Obesity in a Cohort of Southern Italian Obese Children: Improvement in Cardiovascular Risk and Immune System Biomarkers.

Mennitti, Cristina / Ranieri, Annaluisa / Nigro, Ersilia / Tripodi, Lorella / Brancaccio, Mariarita / Ulisse, Jacopo / Gentile, Luca / Fimiani, Fabio / Cesaro, Arturo / D'Alicandro, Giovanni / Limongelli, Giuseppe / Daniele, Aurora / Pero, Raffaela / Frisso, Giulia / Calabrò, Paolo / Pastore, Lucio / Licenziati, Maria Rosaria / Scudiero, Olga / Lombardo, Barbara

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 20, Issue 1

Abstract: Background: Childhood obesity (CO) is a serious medical condition affecting approximately 120 million children and adolescents worldwide. It is characterized by a persistent inflammatory state with inflammatory markers overexpressed, which in turn leads ... ...

Abstract	Background: Childhood obesity (CO) is a serious medical condition affecting approximately 120 million children and adolescents worldwide. It is characterized by a persistent inflammatory state with inflammatory markers overexpressed, which in turn leads to a higher cardiovascular risk. It is well known that physical exercise reduces the inflammatory state in obese children. In the present study, we evaluated various biochemical parameters in obese children performing physical exercise compared to a group of obese sedentary children. Hence, the objective is to identify a panel of biomarkers to prevent numerous obesity-related complications. Methods: We examined two populations: 44 sedentary obese children (OSe), recruited on 5 November 2018 from Santobono−Pausilipon Children’s Hospital, Naples (Italy) of age = 11 ± 3.3 and 30 obese children who practice sport (OSp) of age = 10 ± 2.5. We observed a significant variation in some biochemical parameters such as white blood cells, C-reactive protein (CRP), glycemia and insulinemia. Moreover, we determined the levels of interleukins, chemokines and defensins by ELISA assay. Results: Our results showed a reduction in serum level of glycemia (p-value < 0.001), neutrophils (p-value < 0.05) and CRP (p-value < 0.05), whereas no relevant variations have been reported in insulin levels. Moreover, we found a decrease in serum levels of PDGF-β (p-value < 0.05), IL-9 (p-value < 0.01), IL-6 (p-value < 0.0001), IL-8 (p-value < 0.0001), IP-10 (p-value < 0.01), Eotaxin (p-value < 0.0001) and GM-CSF (p-value < 0.01) in OSp population in comparison to OSe. At the same time, we did not observe any significant variation in serum levels of IL-1ra and IL-17 between the two populations. On the other hand, we found an increase in HNP-1 (p-value < 0.0001) and HBD1 (p-value < 0.01) in OSp if compared to OSe. Conclusions: This study shed light on the role of physical exercise on CO, demonstrating in our population that an early evaluation of some biochemical parameters could be an assumption to prescribe physical exercise in order to monitor and prevent childhood obesity and related disorders.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Humans ; Child ; Pediatric Obesity/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/epidemiology ; Cardiovascular Diseases/prevention & control ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Risk Factors ; Exercise ; Biomarkers ; C-Reactive Protein ; Heart Disease Risk Factors ; Italy/epidemiology ; Immune System ; Body Mass Index
Chemical Substances	Biomarkers ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20010602
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Article ; Online: The Biological Role of Vitamins in Athletes' Muscle, Heart and Microbiota.

Brancaccio, Mariarita / Mennitti, Cristina / Cesaro, Arturo / Fimiani, Fabio / Vano, Martina / Gargiulo, Biagio / Caiazza, Martina / Amodio, Federica / Coto, Iolanda / D'Alicandro, Giovanni / Mazzaccara, Cristina / Lombardo, Barbara / Pero, Raffaela / Terracciano, Daniela / Limongelli, Giuseppe / Calabrò, Paolo / D'Argenio, Valeria / Frisso, Giulia / Scudiero, Olga

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 3

Abstract: Physical activity, combined with adequate nutrition, is considered a protective factor against cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, and intestinal dysbiosis. Achieving optimal performance requires a significantly high energy expenditure, ... ...

Abstract	Physical activity, combined with adequate nutrition, is considered a protective factor against cardiovascular disease, musculoskeletal disorders, and intestinal dysbiosis. Achieving optimal performance requires a significantly high energy expenditure, which must be correctly supplied to avoid the occurrence of diseases such as muscle injuries, oxidative stress, and heart pathologies, and a decrease in physical performance during competition. Moreover, in sports activities, the replenishment of water, vitamins, and minerals consumed during training is essential for safeguarding athletes' health. In this scenario, vitamins play a pivotal role in numerous metabolic reactions and some muscle biochemical adaptation processes induced by sports activity. Vitamins are introduced to the diet because the human body is unable to produce these micronutrients. The aim of this review is to highlight the fundamental role of vitamin supplementation in physical activity. Above all, we focus on the roles of vitamins A, B6, D, E, and K in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disorders, muscle injuries, and regulation of the microbiome.
MeSH term(s)	Athletes ; Diet ; Humans ; Microbiota ; Minerals ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Vitamins/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Minerals ; Vitamins
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-01-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19031249
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Article ; Online: Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Job Activity, Dietary Behaviours and Physical Activity Habits of University Population of Naples, Federico II-Italy.

Brancaccio, Mariarita / Mennitti, Cristina / Gentile, Alessandro / Correale, Luca / Buzzachera, Cosme Franklim / Ferraris, Cinzia / Montomoli, Cristina / Frisso, Giulia / Borrelli, Paola / Scudiero, Olga

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 4

Abstract: Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of respiratory viruses that can cause mild to moderate illness. The new variant COVID-19 has started to spread rapidly since December 2019, posing a new threat to global health. To counter the spread of the virus, ... ...

Abstract	Coronaviruses (CoVs) are a large family of respiratory viruses that can cause mild to moderate illness. The new variant COVID-19 has started to spread rapidly since December 2019, posing a new threat to global health. To counter the spread of the virus, the Italian government forced the population to close all activities starting from 9 March 2020 to 4 May 2020. In this scenario, we conducted a cross-sectional study on a heterogeneous sample (average age of 28 ± 12 years, 62.6% females) of the University of Naples Federico II (Italy). The aim of the study was to describe the lifestyle change in the university population during quarantine for the COVID 19 pandemic. Participants compiled an online survey consisting of 3 sections: socio-demographic data, dietary behaviours, physical activity habits and psychological aspects. The different results by gender are: 90.8% of females continued to work from home (81.9% were students); 34.8% increased their physical activity; and, only 0.8% prefer ready meals. Whereas, the same percentage of men continued to work from home (90%), but only 72.1% were students (
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; COVID-19 ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diet ; Exercise ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; Italy/epidemiology ; Life Style ; Male ; Pandemics ; Quarantine ; Students ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Universities ; Work ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-02-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	1660-4601
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18041502
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