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  1. Article ; Online: The effects of real-time performance feedback and performance emphasis on the sustained attention to response task (SART).

    Mensen, Justin M / Dang, Jasmine S / Stets, Andrew J / Helton, William S

    Psychological research

    2021  Volume 86, Issue 6, Page(s) 1972–1979

    Abstract: The sustained attention to response task (SART) has been used for over 20 years to assess participants' response times and inability to withhold to No-Go stimuli (commission errors). While there is debate in the literature regarding what causes ... ...

    Abstract The sustained attention to response task (SART) has been used for over 20 years to assess participants' response times and inability to withhold to No-Go stimuli (commission errors). While there is debate in the literature regarding what causes commissions errors in the SART, there is agreement the SART is subject to a speed-accuracy trade-off (SATO). Researchers have demonstrated that performance on the SART can be influenced by directive instructions to participants to prioritize either speed or accuracy during the task. In the present study, we investigated whether real-time performance feedback and whether feedback emphasis (emphasizing speed or accuracy) affected participants' response times and accuracy. We found performance feedback per se had no impact on performance, but performance emphasis did affect performance, apparently shifting the SATO. This finding provides further evidence that the commission errors in the SART are not indicative of sustained attention or vigilance as those terms are commonly used in the literature, but more likely assess response strategy and motor control (or lack of motor control). These findings have implications for the psychological assessment literature, as well as applied areas where SART findings have been utilized such as shoot/no-shoot decision making.
    MeSH term(s) Feedback ; Humans ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Reaction Time/physiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-08
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1463034-5
    ISSN 1430-2772 ; 0340-0727
    ISSN (online) 1430-2772
    ISSN 0340-0727
    DOI 10.1007/s00426-021-01602-6
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Prolonging the Response Movement Reduces Commission Errors in a High-Go, Low-No-Go Target Detection Task and Composite Metrics of Performance Miss This Effect.

    Mensen, Justin M / Holland, Steven B / Helton, William S / Shaw, Tyler H / Peterson, Matthew S

    Human factors

    2022  Volume 66, Issue 4, Page(s) 1118–1131

    Abstract: Objective: Expand research on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) to a more applied agricultural target detection/selection task and examine the utility of various performance metrics, including composite measures of speed and accuracy, in a ...

    Abstract Objective: Expand research on the Sustained Attention to Response Task (SART) to a more applied agricultural target detection/selection task and examine the utility of various performance metrics, including composite measures of speed and accuracy, in a High-Go/Low-No-Go stimuli task.
    Background: Modified SARTs have been utilized to investigate mechanisms, such as failures of response inhibition, occurring in friendly fire and collateral damage incidents. Researchers have demonstrated that composite measures of speed and accuracy are useful for Low Go/High No-Go stimuli tasks, but this has not been demonstrated for High-Go/Low-No-Go tasks, such as the SART.
    Method: Participants performed a modified SART, where they selected ("sprayed") images of weeds (Go stimuli) that appeared on a computer screen, while withholding to rarer soybean plant images (No-Go stimuli).
    Results: Response time was a function of distance from a central starting point. Participants committed commission errors (sprayed the soybeans) at a significantly higher rate when the stimuli appeared under the cursor centered on the screen for each trial. Participant's omission errors (failure to spray a weed) increased significantly as a function of distance. The composite measures examined were primarily influenced by response time and omission errors limiting their utility when commission errors are of particular interest.
    Conclusion: Participants are far more accurate in their decision making when required to execute a longer duration motor task in High-Go/Low-No-Go experiments.
    Application: Demonstrates a serious human factors liability of target detection and snap-to-target systems.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Psychomotor Performance/physiology ; Inhibition, Psychological ; Reaction Time/physiology ; Movement
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 212725-8
    ISSN 1547-8181 ; 0018-7208
    ISSN (online) 1547-8181
    ISSN 0018-7208
    DOI 10.1177/00187208221127945
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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