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  1. AU="Meredith M. White"
  2. AU="Aft, Rebecca"
  3. AU="Urban, Gerald A"
  4. AU="Jeong, Jae-Hyun"
  5. AU="Patsch, Wolfgang"
  6. AU="Garwood, Sarah K"
  7. AU="Pilon, Dominic"
  8. AU="Ignacio Cerro, C"
  9. AU=Jethani Bipin AU=Jethani Bipin

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  1. Artikel ; Online: Early exposure of bay scallops (Argopecten irradians) to high CO₂ causes a decrease in larval shell growth.

    Meredith M White / Daniel C McCorkle / Lauren S Mullineaux / Anne L Cohen

    PLoS ONE, Vol 8, Iss 4, p e

    2013  Band 61065

    Abstract: Ocean acidification, characterized by elevated pCO₂ and the associated decreases in seawater pH and calcium carbonate saturation state (Ω), has a variable impact on the growth and survival of marine invertebrates. Larval stages are thought to be ... ...

    Abstract Ocean acidification, characterized by elevated pCO₂ and the associated decreases in seawater pH and calcium carbonate saturation state (Ω), has a variable impact on the growth and survival of marine invertebrates. Larval stages are thought to be particularly vulnerable to environmental stressors, and negative impacts of ocean acidification have been seen on fertilization as well as on embryonic, larval, and juvenile development and growth of bivalve molluscs. We investigated the effects of high CO₂ exposure (resulting in pH = 7.39, Ω(ar) = 0.74) on the larvae of the bay scallop Argopecten irradians from 12 h to 7 d old, including a switch from high CO₂ to ambient CO₂ conditions (pH = 7.93, Ω(ar) = 2.26) after 3 d, to assess the possibility of persistent effects of early exposure. The survival of larvae in the high CO₂ treatment was consistently lower than the survival of larvae in ambient conditions, and was already significantly lower at 1 d. Likewise, the shell length of larvae in the high CO₂ treatment was significantly smaller than larvae in the ambient conditions throughout the experiment and by 7 d, was reduced by 11.5%. This study also demonstrates that the size effects of short-term exposure to high CO₂ are still detectable after 7 d of larval development; the shells of larvae exposed to high CO₂ for the first 3 d of development and subsequently exposed to ambientCO₂ were not significantly different in size at 3 and 7 d than the shells of larvae exposed to high CO₂ throughout the experiment.
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 590
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  2. Artikel ; Online: Coccolith dissolution within copepod guts affects fecal pellet density and sinking rate

    Meredith M. White / Jesica D. Waller / Laura C. Lubelczyk / David T. Drapeau / Bruce C. Bowler / William M. Balch / David M. Fields

    Scientific Reports, Vol 8, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2018  Band 6

    Abstract: Abstract The most common biomineral produced in the contemporary ocean is calcium carbonate, including the polymorph calcite produced by coccolithophores. The surface waters of the ocean are supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. As a result, ... ...

    Abstract Abstract The most common biomineral produced in the contemporary ocean is calcium carbonate, including the polymorph calcite produced by coccolithophores. The surface waters of the ocean are supersaturated with respect to calcium carbonate. As a result, particulate inorganic carbon (PIC), such as calcite coccoliths, is not expected thermodynamically to dissolve in waters above the lysocline (~4500–6000 m). However, observations indicate that up to 60–80% of calcium carbonate is lost in the upper 500–1000 m of the ocean. This is hypothesized to occur in microenvironments with reduced saturation states, such as zooplankton guts. Using a new application of the highly precise 14C microdiffusion technique, we show that following a period of starvation, up to 38% of ingested calcite dissolves in copepod guts. After continued feeding, our data show the gut becomes increasingly buffered, which limits further dissolution; this has been termed the Tums hypothesis (after the drugstore remedy for stomach acid). As less calcite dissolves in the gut and is instead egested in fecal pellets, the fecal pellet sinking rates double, with corresponding increases in pellet density. Our results empirically demonstrate that zooplankton guts can facilitate calcite dissolution above the chemical lysocline, and that carbon export through fecal pellet production is variable, based on the feeding history of the copepod.
    Schlagwörter Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 551
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Verlag Nature Publishing Group
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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  3. Artikel ; Online: Ocean and Coastal Acidification off New England and Nova Scotia

    Dwight K. Gledhill / Meredith M. White / Joe Salisbury / Helmuth Thomas / Ivy Mlsna / Matthew Liebman / Bill Mook / Jason Grear / Allison C. Candelmo / R. Christopher Chambers / Christopher J. Gobler / Christopher W. Hunt / Andrew L. King / Nichole N. Price / Sergio R. Signorini / Esperanza Stancioff / Cassie Stymiest / Richard A. Wahle / Jesica D. Waller /
    Nathan D. Rebuck / Zhaohui A. Wang / Todd L. Capson / J. Ruairidh Morrison / Sarah R. Cooley / Scott C. Doney

    Oceanography, Vol 28, Iss 2, Pp 182-

    2015  Band 197

    Abstract: New England coastal and adjacent Nova Scotia shelf waters have a reduced buffering capacity because of significant freshwater input, making the region’s waters potentially more vulnerable to coastal acidification. Nutrient loading and heavy precipitation ...

    Abstract New England coastal and adjacent Nova Scotia shelf waters have a reduced buffering capacity because of significant freshwater input, making the region’s waters potentially more vulnerable to coastal acidification. Nutrient loading and heavy precipitation events further acidify the region’s poorly buffered coastal waters. Despite the apparent vulnerability of these waters, and fisheries’ and mariculture’s significant dependence on calcifying species, the community lacks the ability to confidently predict how the region’s ecosystems will respond to continued ocean and coastal acidification. Here, we discuss ocean and coastal acidification processes specific to New England coastal and Nova Scotia shelf waters and review current understanding of the biological consequences most relevant to the region. We also identify key research and monitoring needs to be addressed and highlight existing capacities that should be leveraged to advance a regional understanding of ocean and coastal acidification.
    Schlagwörter ocean acidification ; OA ; buffering capacity ; New England coastal ; Nova Scotia Shelf ; Oceanography ; GC1-1581 ; Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ; G
    Thema/Rubrik (Code) 551
    Sprache Englisch
    Erscheinungsdatum 2015-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Dokumenttyp Artikel ; Online
    Datenquelle BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (Lebenswissenschaftliche Auswahl)

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