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  1. Article ; Online: Whole Genome-Based Characterization of Multidrug Resistant Enterobacter and Klebsiella aerogenes Isolates from Lebanon.

    Merhi, Georgi / Amayri, Sara / Bitar, Ibrahim / Araj, George F / Tokajian, Sima

    Microbiology spectrum

    2023  Volume 11, Issue 1, Page(s) e0291722

    Abstract: Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella aerogenes are rod-shaped Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens. This study aimed at the molecular and genomic characterization of multidrug resistant Enterobacter spp. and K. aerogenes isolates recovered from hospitalized ...

    Abstract Enterobacter spp. and Klebsiella aerogenes are rod-shaped Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens. This study aimed at the molecular and genomic characterization of multidrug resistant Enterobacter spp. and K. aerogenes isolates recovered from hospitalized patients in a tertiary care hospital in Lebanon. A total of 59 Enterobacter spp. clinical isolates consisting of 41 carbapenem-resistant and 18 susceptible by Etest were included in this study. Genotypic identification through whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed and confirmed
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Enterobacter aerogenes/genetics ; Enterobacter/genetics ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Lebanon ; Bacterial Proteins/genetics ; beta-Lactamases/genetics ; Carbapenems/pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Klebsiella pneumoniae/genetics
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Bacterial Proteins ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Carbapenems
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.02917-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Interleukin-37: A Link Between COVID-19, Diabetes, and the Black Fungus.

    Tokajian, Sima / Merhi, Georgi / Al Khoury, Charbel / Nemer, Georges

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 788741

    Abstract: The COVID-19 pandemic involved millions of people and diabetes was identified as an associated comorbidity. Initiation of systemic corticosteroids in patients suffering from severe COVID-19 was associated with lower mortality. A surge of invasive fungal ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic involved millions of people and diabetes was identified as an associated comorbidity. Initiation of systemic corticosteroids in patients suffering from severe COVID-19 was associated with lower mortality. A surge of invasive fungal infections of the maxillofacial region, namely mucormycosis, was linked to a deadly infection known as black fungus. Black fungus, diabetes, corticosteroids, and coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) all have a dysregulated immune response in common, which partly could also be attributed to interleukin 37 (IL-37). IL-37, a new cytokine of the IL-1 family, known for broadly reducing innate inflammation as well as acquired immune responses. The use of corticosteroids in diabetic COVID-19 patients, crowded hospitals, and lack of medical oxygen should be carefully considered to reduce COVID-associated secondary infections.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2021.788741
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: COVID-19 Pandemic in Lebanon: One Year Later, What Have We Learnt?

    Koweyes, Jad / Salloum, Tamara / Haidar, Siwar / Merhi, Georgi / Tokajian, Sima

    mSystems

    2021  Volume 6, Issue 2

    Abstract: Lebanon is witnessing an unprecedented crisis with the rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), financial meltdown, economic collapse, and the Beirut Port explosion. The first wave began in February 2020, following which the country ... ...

    Abstract Lebanon is witnessing an unprecedented crisis with the rapid spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), financial meltdown, economic collapse, and the Beirut Port explosion. The first wave began in February 2020, following which the country experienced several episodes and peaks while alternating between lockdowns and phased liftings. One year of the pandemic revealed that effective mitigation could not be separated from the collapse of the ongoing economic, political, and health sectors. Scaling up vaccination, preparedness, and response capacities is essential to control community transmission. The World Health Organization (WHO), National Council for Scientific Research-Lebanon (CNRS-L), nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), and humanitarian responses proved to be the safety net for the country during the current pandemic.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2379-5077
    ISSN 2379-5077
    DOI 10.1128/mSystems.00351-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Molecular characterization of a carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei ssp. xiangfangensis co-harbouring bla

    Makhlouf, Jana / Merhi, Georgi / Salloum, Tamara / Abboud, Edmond / Tokajian, Sima

    Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases

    2021  Volume 93, Page(s) 104924

    Abstract: Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) members are rapidly emerging as successful nosocomial pathogens, especially, with the emergence of carbapenem-resistant clones. In this study, we performed a comprehensive molecular characterization of a carbapenem- ... ...

    Abstract Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) members are rapidly emerging as successful nosocomial pathogens, especially, with the emergence of carbapenem-resistant clones. In this study, we performed a comprehensive molecular characterization of a carbapenem-resistant E. hormaechei ssp. xiangfangensis LAU_ENC1. hsp60 and average nucleotide identity (ANI) were used for its identification. The repertoire of resistance genes and phage content were analyzed. Plasmid sequences were extracted and compared to closest references. The isolate LAU_ENC1 was identified as an E. hormaechei ssp. xiangfangensis and belonged to ST-114A sub-cluster. bla
    MeSH term(s) Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology ; Bacteriophages/physiology ; Carbapenems/pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial/genetics ; Enterobacter/genetics ; Enterobacter/virology ; Genes, Bacterial
    Chemical Substances Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Carbapenems
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-15
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-7257 ; 1567-1348
    ISSN (online) 1567-7257
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104924
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 5645: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
    ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)

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  5. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 genomic epidemiology: data and sequencing infrastructure.

    Merhi, Georgi / Koweyes, Jad / Salloum, Tamara / Khoury, Charbel Al / Haidar, Siwar / Tokajian, Sima

    Future microbiology

    2022  Volume 17, Page(s) 1001–1007

    Abstract: ... Background: ... Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 is critical in monitoring viral lineages. Available data reveal a significant gap between low- and middle-income countries and the rest of the world. ... Methods: ... The SARS-CoV-2 sequencing costs ... ...

    Abstract Background: Genomic surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 is critical in monitoring viral lineages. Available data reveal a significant gap between low- and middle-income countries and the rest of the world. Methods: The SARS-CoV-2 sequencing costs using the Oxford Nanopore MinION device and hardware prices for data computation in Lebanon were estimated and compared with those in developed countries. SARS-CoV-2 genomes deposited on the Global Initiative on Sharing All Influenza Data per 1000 COVID-19 cases were determined per country. Results: Sequencing costs in Lebanon were significantly higher compared with those in developed countries. Low- and middle-income countries showed limited sequencing capabilities linked to the lack of support, high prices, long delivery delays and limited availability of trained personnel. Conclusion: The authors recommend the mobilization of funds to develop whole-genome sequencing-based surveillance platforms and the implementation of genomic epidemiology to better identify and track outbreaks, leading to appropriate and mindful interventions.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/epidemiology ; Genome, Viral ; Genomics ; Humans ; SARS-CoV-2/genetics ; Sequence Analysis
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-28
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2254620-0
    ISSN 1746-0921 ; 1746-0913
    ISSN (online) 1746-0921
    ISSN 1746-0913
    DOI 10.2217/fmb-2021-0207
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Genomic Characterization of Mutli-Drug Resistant

    Bitar, Ibrahim / Salloum, Tamara / Merhi, Georgi / Hrabak, Jaroslav / Araj, George F / Tokajian, Sima

    Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology

    2022  Volume 12, Page(s) 922976

    Abstract: Resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) ... ...

    Abstract Resistance to ceftolozane/tazobactam (C/T) in
    MeSH term(s) Cephalosporins ; Genomics ; Inosine Monophosphate ; Multilocus Sequence Typing ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa/genetics ; Tazobactam/pharmacology ; beta-Lactamases/genetics
    Chemical Substances Cephalosporins ; Inosine Monophosphate (131-99-7) ; ceftolozane (37A4IES95Q) ; beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Tazobactam (SE10G96M8W)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-15
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2619676-1
    ISSN 2235-2988 ; 2235-2988
    ISSN (online) 2235-2988
    ISSN 2235-2988
    DOI 10.3389/fcimb.2022.922976
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Longitudinal genomic surveillance of multidrug-resistant

    El Chaar, Mira / Khoury, Yaralynn / Douglas, Gavin M / El Kazzi, Samir / Jisr, Tamima / Soussi, Shatha / Merhi, Georgi / Moghnieh, Rima A / Shapiro, B Jesse

    Microbiology spectrum

    2024  Volume 12, Issue 2, Page(s) e0312823

    Abstract: Colonization with multidrug- ... ...

    Abstract Colonization with multidrug-resistant
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Escherichia coli Infections/microbiology ; Critical Illness ; beta-Lactamases/genetics ; Genomics ; Critical Care ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Chemical Substances beta-Lactamases (EC 3.5.2.6) ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2807133-5
    ISSN 2165-0497 ; 2165-0497
    ISSN (online) 2165-0497
    ISSN 2165-0497
    DOI 10.1128/spectrum.03128-23
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Molecular characterization of a carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter hormaechei ssp. xiangfangensis co-harbouring blaNDM-1 and a chromosomally encoded phage-linked blaCTX-M-15 genes

    Makhlouf, Jana / Merhi, Georgi / Salloum, Tamara / Abboud, Edmond / Tokajian, Sima

    Infection, genetics, and evolution. 2021 Sept., v. 93

    2021  

    Abstract: Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) members are rapidly emerging as successful nosocomial pathogens, especially, with the emergence of carbapenem-resistant clones. In this study, we performed a comprehensive molecular characterization of a carbapenem- ... ...

    Abstract Enterobacter cloacae complex (ECC) members are rapidly emerging as successful nosocomial pathogens, especially, with the emergence of carbapenem-resistant clones. In this study, we performed a comprehensive molecular characterization of a carbapenem-resistant E. hormaechei ssp. xiangfangensis LAU_ENC1. hsp60 and average nucleotide identity (ANI) were used for its identification. The repertoire of resistance genes and phage content were analyzed. Plasmid sequences were extracted and compared to closest references. The isolate LAU_ENC1 was identified as an E. hormaechei ssp. xiangfangensis and belonged to ST-114A sub-cluster. blaNDM₋₁, blaCTX₋M₋₁₅, blaOXA₋₁, and blaACT₋₁₆ genes were detected as β-lactam resistance determinants. A chromosomal hybrid intact phage, Enterobacter phage LAU1, with blaCTX₋M₋₁₅ integrated in its direct vicinity within an ISEcp1 - blaCTX₋M₋₁₅ - wbuC - ∆Tn2 rare cassette was detected. blaNDM₋₁ was integrated within a novel IncFII conjugative plasmid, pLAU_ENC1, through an IS3000- ΔISAba125-blaNDM₋₁-bleMBL−//−Tn5403 cassette. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. hormaechei ssp. xiangfangensis carrying a blaCTX₋M₋₁₅ integrated within the proximity of a provirus chromosomal region. Treatment options for MDR ECC members are becoming scarce, thus warranting an increased monitoring of the dissemination of these pathogens in clinical settings.
    Keywords Enterobacter cloacae ; Enterobacter hormaechei ; bacteriophages ; cross infection ; evolution ; hybrids ; multiple drug resistance ; plasmids ; proviruses
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2021-09
    Publishing place Elsevier B.V.
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean
    ZDB-ID 2037068-4
    ISSN 1567-1348
    ISSN 1567-1348
    DOI 10.1016/j.meegid.2021.104924
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  9. Article: SARS-CoV-2 and ORF3a: Nonsynonymous Mutations, Functional Domains, and Viral Pathogenesis.

    Issa, Elio / Merhi, Georgi / Panossian, Balig / Salloum, Tamara / Tokajian, Sima

    mSystems

    2020  Volume 5, Issue 3

    Abstract: The effect of the rapid accumulation of nonsynonymous mutations on the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not yet known. The 3a protein is unique to SARS-CoV and is essential for disease pathogenesis. Our ... ...

    Abstract The effect of the rapid accumulation of nonsynonymous mutations on the pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is not yet known. The 3a protein is unique to SARS-CoV and is essential for disease pathogenesis. Our study aimed at determining the nonsynonymous mutations in the 3a protein in SARS-CoV-2 and determining and characterizing the protein's structure and spatial orientation in comparison to those of 3a in SARS-CoV. A total of 51 different nonsynonymous amino acid substitutions were detected in the 3a proteins among 2,782 SARS-CoV-2 strains. We observed microclonality within the ORF3a gene tree defined by nonsynonymous mutations separating the isolates into distinct subpopulations. We detected and identified six functional domains (I to VI) in the SARS-CoV-2 3a protein. The functional domains were linked to virulence, infectivity, ion channel formation, and virus release. Our study showed the importance of conserved functional domains across the species barrier and revealed the possible role of the 3a protein in the viral life cycle. Observations reported in this study merit experimental confirmation.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2379-5077
    ISSN 2379-5077
    DOI 10.1128/mSystems.00266-20
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: In silico evidence of beauvericin antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2.

    Al Khoury, Charbel / Bashir, Zainab / Tokajian, Sima / Nemer, Nabil / Merhi, Georgi / Nemer, Georges

    Computers in biology and medicine

    2021  Volume 141, Page(s) 105171

    Abstract: Background: Scientists are still battling severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic so human lives can be saved worldwide. Secondary fungal metabolites are of intense ...

    Abstract Background: Scientists are still battling severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus responsible for the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic so human lives can be saved worldwide. Secondary fungal metabolites are of intense interest due to their broad range of pharmaceutical properties. Beauvericin (BEA) is a secondary metabolite produced by the fungus Beauveria bassiana. Although promising anti-viral activity has previously been reported for BEA, studies investigating its therapeutic potential are limited.
    Methods: The objective of this study was to assess the potential usage of BEA as an anti-viral molecule via protein-protein docking approaches using MolSoft.
    Results: In-silico results revealed relatively favorable binding energies for BEA to different viral proteins implicated in the vital life stages of this virus. Of particular interest is the capability of BEA to dock to both the main coronavirus protease (Pockets A and B) and spike proteins. These results were validated by molecular dynamic simulation (Gromacs). Several parameters, such as root-mean-square deviation/fluctuation, the radius of gyration, H-bonding, and free binding energy were analyzed. Computational analyses revealed that interaction of BEA with the main protease pockets in addition to the spike glycoprotein remained stable.
    Conclusion: Altogether, our results suggest that BEA might be considered as a potential competitive and allosteric agonist inhibitor with therapeutic options for treating COVID-19 pending in vitro and in vivo validation.
    MeSH term(s) Antiviral Agents/pharmacology ; COVID-19 ; Depsipeptides/pharmacology ; Humans ; Molecular Docking Simulation ; Molecular Dynamics Simulation ; SARS-CoV-2/drug effects
    Chemical Substances Antiviral Agents ; Depsipeptides ; beauvericin (26S048LS2R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 127557-4
    ISSN 1879-0534 ; 0010-4825
    ISSN (online) 1879-0534
    ISSN 0010-4825
    DOI 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2021.105171
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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