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Article ; Online: A double-blinded randomized placebo-controlled non-inferiority trial protocol for postoperative infections associated with canine pyometra

Anna Ylhäinen / Sari Mölsä / Thomas Grönthal / Jouni Junnila / Merja Rantala / Outi Laitinen-Vapaavuori / Katariina Thomson

BMC Veterinary Research, Vol 19, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2023 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Background Pyometra is a common infectious condition, especially in elderly bitches. In addition to an infected uterus, dogs may have concurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). The preferred treatment is surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus, ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Pyometra is a common infectious condition, especially in elderly bitches. In addition to an infected uterus, dogs may have concurrent urinary tract infection (UTI). The preferred treatment is surgical removal of the ovaries and uterus, whereupon the general prognosis is excellent. In addition, antimicrobial therapy is frequently prescribed for postoperative treatment. However, no research exists on the benefit of postoperative antimicrobial treatment in uncomplicated canine pyometra. Antimicrobial resistance has become a major challenge in treatment of bacterial infections. Diminishing overuse of antimicrobial agents is essential for controlling the development of antimicrobial resistance in both animals and humans. Methods This double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled two-arm clinical trial is designed to compare the incidence of postoperative infections associated with surgical treatment of uncomplicated pyometra followed by two different treatment protocols. For the study, 150 dogs presenting with an uncomplicated pyometra and that are to undergo surgical treatment will be recruited. Dogs with body weight < 3 or > 93 kg, complicated pyometra, primary disease increasing the risk of infection, or immunosuppressive medication will be excluded. All dogs will receive one dose of sulfadoxine-trimethoprim intravenously as an antimicrobial prophylaxis. Postoperatively, dogs will be randomized to receive either a five-day course of placebo or an active drug, sulfadiazine-trimethoprim orally. During the surgery microbiological samples will be taken from urine and uterine content. The follow-up includes a control visit in 12 days and an interview of the owner 30 days after surgery. If bacteriuria is detected at the time of surgery, a urinary sample will be cultured for bacterial growth at the control visit. The primary outcome is the incidence of a postoperative surgical site infection (SSI), and the secondary outcome is the occurrence of clinical UTI with bacteriuria. Intention-to-treat ...
Keywords	Pyometra ; Dog ; Antimicrobial resistance ; Antimicrobial ; Surgical site infection ; Urinary tract infection ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Characterisation of and risk factors for extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) in an equine hospital with a special reference to an outbreak caused by Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307:CTX-M-1

Katariina Thomson / Katarina Eskola / Marjut Eklund / Kristiina Suominen / Merita Määttä / Jouni Junnila / Suvi Nykäsenoja / Kati Niinistö / Thomas Grönthal / Merja Rantala

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, Vol 64, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2022 Volume 14

Abstract: Abstract Background Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) are important causative agents for infections in humans and animals. At the Equine Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Helsinki, the first infections ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Extended-spectrum β-lactamase producing Enterobacterales (ESBL-E) are important causative agents for infections in humans and animals. At the Equine Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Helsinki, the first infections caused by ESBL-E were observed at the end of 2011 leading to enhanced infection surveillance. Contact patients were screened for ESBL-E by culturing infection sites and rectal screening. This study was focused on describing the epidemiology and microbiological characteristics of ESBL-E from equine patients of the EVTH during 2011–2014, and analysing putative risk factors for being positive for ESBL-E during an outbreak of Klebsiella pneumoniae ST307. Results The number of ESBL-E isolations increased through 2012–2013 culminating in an outbreak of multi-drug resistant K. pneumoniae ST307:bla CTX-M-1:bla TEM:bla SHV during 04–08/2013. During 10/2011–05/2014, altogether 139 ESBL-E isolates were found from 96 horses. Of these, 26 were from infection-site specimens and 113 from rectal-screening swabs. A total of 118 ESBL-E isolates from horses were available for further study, the most numerous being K. pneumoniae (n = 44), Escherichia coli (n = 31) and Enterobacter cloacae (n = 31). Hospital environmental specimens (N = 47) yielded six isolates of ESBL-E. Two identical E. cloacae isolates originating from an operating theatre and a recovery room had identical or highly similar PFGE fingerprint profiles as five horse isolates. In the multivariable analysis, mare–foal pairs (OR 4.71, 95% CI 1.57–14.19, P = 0.006), length of hospitalisation (OR 1.62, 95% CI 1.28–2.06, P < 0.001) and passing of a nasogastric tube (OR 2.86, 95% CI 1.03–7.95, P = 0.044) were associated with being positive for ESBL-E during the K. pneumoniae outbreak. Conclusions The occurrence of an outbreak caused by a pathogenic ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae ST307 strain highlights the importance of epidemiological surveillance of ESBL-E in veterinary hospitals. Limiting the length of hospitalisation for equine patients may reduce the risk of spread of ESBL-E. It is also important to acknowledge the importance of nasogastric tubing as a potential source of acquiring ESBL-E. As ESBL-E were also found in stomach drench pumps used with nasogastric tubes, veterinary practices should pay close attention to appropriate equipment cleaning procedures and disinfection practices.
Keywords	Bacterial infection ; Cluster ; Horse ; Multi-drug resistant bacteria ; Nosocomial infection ; Surveillance ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-02-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Comparison of Streptococcus halichoeri isolates from canine and fur animal infections

Marjut Eklund / Kirsi Aaltonen / Tarja Sironen / Mirja Raunio-Saarnisto / Thomas Grönthal / Heli Nordgren / Anna Pitkälä / Olli Vapalahti / Merja Rantala

Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica, Vol 62, Iss 1, Pp 1-

biochemical patterns, molecular characteristics and genetic relatedness

2020 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Background Streptococcus halichoeri infections have been reported in grey seals, a European badger, a Stellar sea lion and humans, but its presence in companion and fur animals is unknown. Since 2010, S. halichoeri-like bacteria (SHL) have been ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Background Streptococcus halichoeri infections have been reported in grey seals, a European badger, a Stellar sea lion and humans, but its presence in companion and fur animals is unknown. Since 2010, S. halichoeri-like bacteria (SHL) have been isolated from fur animals and dogs in Finland. Our aim was to retrospectively investigate laboratory records for SHL from canine and fur animal infections, characterize the isolates and compare their genetic relatedness in relation to three reference strains: CCUG 48324T, originating from a grey seal, and strains 67100 and 61265, originally isolated from humans. Results A total of 138 and 36 SHLs from canine and fur animal infections, respectively, were identified in the laboratory records. SHL was commonly associated with skin infections, but rarely as the only species. A set of 49 canine and 23 fur animal SHLs were further characterized. MALDI-TOF confirmed them as being S. halichoeri. The growth characteristics were consistent with the original findings, but isolates were catalase positive. In total, 17 distinct API 20 Strep patterns were recorded among all 75 isolates tested, of which pattern 5563100 was the most common (n = 30). Antimicrobial resistance to erythromycin and clindamycin was common in canine isolates, but rare in fur animal isolates. Three clusters were observed by PFGE, and 16S rRNA sequencing revealed 98.1–100% similarities with the human strains and 98.1–99.5% with the seal strain. A phylogenetic tree of concatenated 16S rRNA and rpoB revealed closely related isolates with two clades. Fifteen canine isolates were identical to the human strains based on concatenated 16S rRNA and rpoB sequencing. Conclusions Streptococcus halichoeri appears to be quite a common bacterial species in the skin of dogs and fur animals. The clinical significance of S. halichoeri is uncertain, as it was rarely isolated as a monoculture. No apparent temporal or spatial clustering was detected, but isolates from different sources were genetically very similar. Because many canine isolates were genetically similar to the human reference strains, transmission between dogs and humans may be possible. WGS sequencing of strains from different sources is needed to further investigate the epidemiology and virulence of S. halichoeri.
Keywords	Bacterial typing ; Blue fox ; Dog ; Finnraccoon ; Mink ; Streptococcus ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Subject code	630
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	BMC
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Oral tylosin administration is associated with an increase of faecal enterococci and lactic acid bacteria in dogs with tylosin-responsive diarrhoea

Kilpinen, Susanne / Elias Westermarck / Johanna BjÃ¶rkroth / Merja Rantala / Thomas Spillmann

The Veterinary Journal. 2015 Sept., v. 205

2015

Abstract: The term tylosin-responsive diarrhoea (TRD) is used for canine recurrent diarrhoea cases for which no underlying cause can be found after extensive diagnostic investigations, but which show a response to the antibiotic tylosin in a few days. The ... ...

Abstract	The term tylosin-responsive diarrhoea (TRD) is used for canine recurrent diarrhoea cases for which no underlying cause can be found after extensive diagnostic investigations, but which show a response to the antibiotic tylosin in a few days. The objective of this prospective, one-arm longitudinal trial was to assess the effects of oral tylosin administration on the faecal levels of potentially probiotic bacteria, such as Enterococcus spp. and lactic acid bacteria (LAB), in dogs with TRD.This trial included 14 client-owned suspected TRD dogs that were on tylosin treatment and had firm faeces. Treatment was then terminated and dogs were followed up for up to 2 months to determine the recurrence of diarrhoea. Once diarrhoea started, dogs received tylosin (orally, 25âmg/kg, once daily for 7 days). At the end of the treatment period, stools were firm again in 11 dogs (TRD dogs); three dogs continued having diarrhoea and were excluded from the study. Faecal samples were collected at all three time-points for culture of LAB and enterococci. In TRD dogs, the colony counts of Enterococcus spp. (Pâ=â0.003), LAB (Pâ=â0.037), tylosin-resistant Enterococcus spp. (Pâ<â0.001) and LAB (Pâ<â0.001) were significantly higher when the dogs were on tylosin treatment and had normal faecal consistency compared to when they had diarrhoea following discontinuation of tylosin. In conclusion, cessation of diarrhoea in TRD dogs with tylosin treatment could be mediated by selection of a specific lactic acid population, the Enterococcus spp., due to their potential probiotic properties.
Keywords	diarrhea ; dogs ; Enterococcus ; feces ; lactic acid ; lactic acid bacteria ; probiotics ; tylosin
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-09
Size	p. 369-374.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	428614-5
ISSN	1532-2971 ; 0372-5545 ; 1090-0233
ISSN (online)	1532-2971
ISSN	0372-5545 ; 1090-0233
DOI	10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.04.031
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Large outbreak caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ST71 in a Finnish Veterinary Teaching Hospital--from outbreak control to outbreak prevention.

Thomas Grönthal / Arshnee Moodley / Suvi Nykäsenoja / Jouni Junnila / Luca Guardabassi / Katariina Thomson / Merja Rantala

PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 10, p e

2014 Volume 110084

Abstract: Introduction The purpose of this study was to describe a nosocomial outbreak caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) ST71 SCCmec II-III in dogs and cats at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Helsinki in ... ...

Abstract	Introduction The purpose of this study was to describe a nosocomial outbreak caused by methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) ST71 SCCmec II-III in dogs and cats at the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of the University of Helsinki in November 2010 - January 2012, and to determine the risk factors for acquiring MRSP. In addition, measures to control the outbreak and current policy for MRSP prevention are presented. Methods Data of patients were collected from the hospital patient record software. MRSP surveillance data were acquired from the laboratory information system. Risk factors for MRSP acquisition were analyzed from 55 cases and 213 controls using multivariable logistic regression in a case-control study design. Forty-seven MRSP isolates were analyzed by pulsed field gel electrophoresis and three were further analyzed with multi-locus sequence and SCCmec typing. Results Sixty-three MRSP cases were identified, including 27 infections. MRSPs from the cases shared a specific multi-drug resistant antibiogram and PFGE-pattern indicated clonal spread. Four risk factors were identified; skin lesion (OR = 6.2; CI95% 2.3-17.0, P = 0.0003), antimicrobial treatment (OR = 3.8, CI95% 1.0-13.9, P = 0.0442), cumulative number of days in the intensive care unit (OR = 1.3, CI95% 1.1-1.6, P = 0.0007) or in the surgery ward (OR = 1.1, CI95% 1.0-1.3, P = 0.0401). Tracing and screening of contact patients, enhanced hand hygiene, cohorting and barrier nursing, as well as cleaning and disinfection were used to control the outbreak. To avoid future outbreaks and spread of MRSP a search-and-isolate policy was implemented. Currently nearly all new MRSP findings are detected in screening targeted to risk patients on admission. Conclusion Multidrug resistant MRSP is capable of causing a large outbreak difficult to control. Skin lesions, antimicrobial treatment and prolonged hospital stay increase the probability of acquiring MRSP. Rigorous control measures were needed to control the outbreak. We recommend the implementation of a search-and-isolate policy to reduce the burden of MRSP.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Occurrence and characterization of methicillin-resistant staphylococci from bovine mastitis milk samples in Finland

Gindonis, Veera / Suvi Taponen / Anna-Liisa Myllyniemi / Satu Pyörälä / Suvi Nykäsenoja / Saara Salmenlinna / Laura Lindholm / Merja Rantala

Acta veterinaria scandinavica. 2013 Dec., v. 55, no. 1

2013

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) are increasingly being isolated in bovine mastitis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of MRS in Finnish mastitis milk samples and characterize the MRS isolates using molecular ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Methicillin-resistant staphylococci (MRS) are increasingly being isolated in bovine mastitis. The aim of our study was to evaluate the occurrence of MRS in Finnish mastitis milk samples and characterize the MRS isolates using molecular methods. RESULTS: Methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) was a rare finding in bovine mastitis in Finland. Only two out of 135 (1.5%) S. aureus isolates were positive for mec genes. One of these carried mec A and was of spa type t172, SCCmec type IV and ST375, and the other harboured mec C, being spa type t3256, and ST130. MRSA ST375 is common among human MRSA isolates in Finland, but this is the first report in the country of bovine mec C MRSA. In coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) originating from bovine mastitis, methicillin resistance was more common. In the two CoNS collections studied, 5.2% (17/324) and 1.8% (2/110) of the isolates were mecA positive. Eighteen of these were methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis (MRSE), which were divided into 6 separate PFGE clusters. One pulsotype was detected in different parts of the country, indicating clonal spread. Most MRSE (13/18) were of SCCmec type IV, one was of type V and four were non-typeable. Comparison with a human staphylococcal database indicated that bovine MRSE strains were not closely related to human MRSE isolates. CONCLUSIONS: The occurrence of MRS, especially MRSA, in bovine mastitis in Finland was low. Most methicillin-resistant bovine CoNS are MRSE, and we found evidence of a bovine MRSE strain that may spread clonally. This is the first report of a Finnish bovine isolate of MRSA ₘₑcC ST130. The study provides a baseline for further MRS monitoring.
Keywords	bovine mastitis ; cattle ; coagulase negative staphylococci ; databases ; genes ; humans ; methicillin ; milk ; monitoring ; Finland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2013-12
Size	p. 61.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	40137-7
ISSN	1751-0147 ; 0044-605X
ISSN (online)	1751-0147
ISSN	0044-605X
DOI	10.1186/1751-0147-55-61
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Epidemiology of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in guide dogs in Finland

GrÃ¶nthal, Thomas / Heli Piiparinen / Jouni Junnila / Leena Saijonmaa-Koulumies / Marjut Eklund / Matti Ollilainen / Merja Rantala / Riitta Liimatainen / Veera Gindonis

Acta veterinaria scandinavica. 2015 Dec., v. 57, no. 1

2015

Abstract: BACKGROUND: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are common multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in dogs. In 2012â2013 three dogs of the Guide Dog School of the Finnish Federation of the Visually ... ...

Abstract	BACKGROUND: Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are common multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria in dogs. In 2012â2013 three dogs of the Guide Dog School of the Finnish Federation of the Visually Impaired were found to be MRSP positive. Guide dogs have regular contact with each other during their first year of life and prolonged contact when in training. Since dogs are placed in different parts of Finland after training, there is a risk for national spread of MDR bacteria. In this study the prevalence of MRSP and MRSA, as well as the risk factors for MRSP were determined in the Finnish guide dog population. MRSP isolates were investigated using molecular methods and compared to the earlier isolates. RESULTS: Out of 132 tested dogs 4 were MRSP positive thus giving the prevalence estimate of 3% (95% CI: 1â8%) for MRSP in the target population. MRSA was not detected (prevalence estimate 0%, 95% CI: 0â3%). Risk factors associated with MRSP were being a breeding bitch (ORÂ =Â 8.4; 95% CI: 1.1â64.1, PÂ =Â 0.012), the number of veterinary visits (ORÂ =Â 1.23; 95% CI: 1.0â1.5, PÂ =Â 0.025) and number of antimicrobial courses (ORÂ =Â 1.63; 95% CI: 1.0â2.55; PÂ =Â 0.035). Identified MRSP isolates belonged to five different sequence types (ST45, 71, 402, 403 and 404). All ST71 isolates carried SCCmec II-III, while the SCCmec type of the ST45 and ST402 (a single locus variant of ST45) isolates were non-typeable with the method used. CONCLUSIONS: MRSP and MRSA had low prevalence in the studied dog population despite the close contact between dogs, and the MRSP population was heterogenic. Antimicrobial therapy and veterinary visits are risk factors for MRSP even among a small case group.
Keywords	bacteria ; bitches ; breeding ; drug therapy ; epidemiology ; guide dogs ; loci ; methicillin ; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; multiple drug resistance ; risk factors ; Staphylococcus pseudintermedius ; vision disorders ; Finland
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-12
Size	p. 37.
Publishing place	BioMed Central
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	40137-7
ISSN	1751-0147 ; 0044-605X
ISSN (online)	1751-0147
ISSN	0044-605X
DOI	10.1186/s13028-015-0129-8
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Human Cases of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus CC398, Finland

Saara Salmenlinna / Outi Lyytikäinen / Anni Vainio / Anna-Liisa Myllyniemi / Saara Raulo / Mari Kanerva / Merja Rantala / Katariina Thomson / Jaana Seppänen / Jaana Vuopio

Emerging Infectious Diseases, Vol 16, Iss 10, Pp 1626-

2010 Volume 1629

Abstract: Nationwide surveillance identified 10 human isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex (CC) 398. Further typing in comparison with animal isolates identified 4 clusters: 1 related to a horse epidemic and 3 to persons who had ... ...

Abstract	Nationwide surveillance identified 10 human isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus clonal complex (CC) 398. Further typing in comparison with animal isolates identified 4 clusters: 1 related to a horse epidemic and 3 to persons who had no direct contact with animals or each other. These findings may indicate unrecognized community transmission.
Keywords	bacteria ; antimicrobial resistance ; staphylococci ; zoonoses ; MRSA CC398 ; limited animal contact ; Medicine ; R ; Infectious and parasitic diseases ; RC109-216
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-10-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article: Use of colistin-containing products within the European Union and European Economic Area (EU/EEA): development of resistance in animals and possible impact on human and animal health

Catry, Boudewijn / Anja Holm / Anna-Pelagia Magiorakos / Antonio Lopez Navas / Christopher Teale / Cristina Muñoz Madero / David Mackay / Engeline van Duijkeren / Eric John Threlfall / Ernesto Liebana / Gérard Moulin / Helen Jukes / Jordi Torren Edo / Kari Grave / Karolina Törneke / Keith Baptiste / Kornelia Grein / Mair Powell / Marco Cavaleri /

Maria Constança Matias Ferreira Pomba / Merja Rantala / Miguel Angel Moreno Romo / Modestas Ružauskas / Pascal Sanders / Satu Pyörälä

International journal of antimicrobial agents. 2015 Sept., v. 46, no. 3

2015

Abstract: Since its introduction in the 1950s, colistin has been used mainly as a topical treatment in human medicine owing to its toxicity when given systemically. Sixty years later, colistin is being used as a last-resort drug to treat infections caused by ... ...

Abstract	Since its introduction in the 1950s, colistin has been used mainly as a topical treatment in human medicine owing to its toxicity when given systemically. Sixty years later, colistin is being used as a last-resort drug to treat infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii and Enterobacteriaceae (e.g., Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae), for which mortality can be high. In veterinary medicine, colistin has been used for decades for the treatment and prevention of infectious diseases. Colistin has been administered frequently as a group treatment for animal gastrointestinal infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria within intensive husbandry systems. Given the ever-growing need to retain the efficacy of antimicrobials used to treat MDR infections in humans, the use of colistin in veterinary medicine is being re-evaluated. Despite extensive use in veterinary medicine, there is limited evidence for the development of resistance to colistin and no evidence has been found for the transmission of resistance in bacteria that have been spread from animals to humans. Since surveillance for colistin resistance in animals is limited and the potential for such transmission exists, there is a clear need to reinforce systematic monitoring of bacteria from food-producing animals for resistance to colistin (polymyxins). Furthermore, colistin should only be used for treatment of clinically affected animals and no longer for prophylaxis of diseases, in line with current principles of responsible use of antibiotics.
Keywords	Acinetobacter baumannii ; colistin ; disease control ; drugs ; Escherichia coli ; European Union ; food animals ; gastrointestinal system ; Gram-negative bacteria ; humans ; infectious diseases ; Klebsiella pneumoniae ; medicine ; monitoring ; mortality ; multiple drug resistance ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; toxicity ; veterinary medicine
Language	English
Dates of publication	2015-09
Size	p. 297-306.
Publishing place	Elsevier B.V.
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	1093977-5
ISSN	1872-7913 ; 0924-8579
ISSN (online)	1872-7913
ISSN	0924-8579
DOI	10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.06.005
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Zs.A 3368: Show issues			Location: Je nach Verfügbarkeit (siehe Angabe bei Bestand) bis Jg. 1994: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG) ab Jg. 2022: Lesesaal (EG)
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Article: Macrolides and lincosamides in cattle and pigs: Use and development of antimicrobial resistance

PyÃ¶rÃ¤lÃ¤, Satu / Boudewijn Catry / Christina Greko / E. John Threlfall / Engeline van Duijkeren / Jordi Torren-Edo / Karolina TÃ¶rneke / Keith Edward Baptiste / M. ConstanÃ§a Matias Ferreira Pomba / Merja Rantala / Miguel A. Moreno / Modestas RuÅ¾auskas / Pascal Sanders

The Veterinary Journal. 2014 May, v. 200

2014

Abstract: Macrolides and lincosamides are important antibacterials for the treatment of many common infections in cattle and pigs. Products for in-feed medication with these compounds in combination with other antimicrobials are commonly used in Europe. Most ... ...

Abstract	Macrolides and lincosamides are important antibacterials for the treatment of many common infections in cattle and pigs. Products for in-feed medication with these compounds in combination with other antimicrobials are commonly used in Europe. Most recently approved injectable macrolides have very long elimination half-lives in both pigs and cattle, which allows once-only dosing regimens. Both in-feed medication and use of long-acting injections result in low concentrations of the active substance for prolonged periods, which causes concerns related to development of antimicrobial resistance.Acquired resistance to macrolides and lincosamides among food animal pathogens, including some zoonotic bacteria, has now emerged. A comparison of studies on the prevalence of resistance is difficult, since for many micro-organisms no agreed standards for susceptibility testing are available. With animal pathogens, the most dramatic increase in resistance has been seen in the genus Brachyspira. Resistance towards macrolides and lincosamides has also been detected in staphylococci isolated from pigs and streptococci from cattle. This article reviews the use of macrolides and lincosamides in cattle and pigs, as well as the development of resistance in target and some zoonotic pathogens. The focus of the review is on European conditions.
Keywords	active ingredients ; animal pathogens ; antibiotic resistance ; anti-infective agents ; bacteria ; Brachyspira ; cattle ; drug therapy ; food animals ; half life ; macrolides ; Staphylococcus ; Streptococcus ; swine ; Europe
Language	English
Dates of publication	2014-05
Size	p. 230-239.
Publishing place	Elsevier Ltd
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	428614-5
ISSN	1532-2971 ; 0372-5545 ; 1090-0233
ISSN (online)	1532-2971
ISSN	0372-5545 ; 1090-0233
DOI	10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.02.028
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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