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  1. Article ; Online: A Role for the Serotonin Transporter in the Largely Unknown Molecular Pathophysiology of Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.

    Meyer, Jeffrey H

    Biological psychiatry

    2023  Volume 93, Issue 12, Page(s) 1054–1055

    MeSH term(s) Female ; Humans ; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins/genetics
    Chemical Substances Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; SLC6A4 protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-29
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 209434-4
    ISSN 1873-2402 ; 0006-3223
    ISSN (online) 1873-2402
    ISSN 0006-3223
    DOI 10.1016/j.biopsych.2023.04.013
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Development and Clinical Application of Positron Emission Tomography Imaging Agents for Monoamine Oxidase B.

    Meyer, Jeffrey H / Braga, Joeffre

    Frontiers in neuroscience

    2022  Volume 15, Page(s) 773404

    Abstract: Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is a high-density protein in the brain mainly found on outer mitochondrial membranes, primarily in astroglia, but additionally in serotonergic neurons and in the substantia nigra in the midbrain. It is an enzyme that ... ...

    Abstract Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is a high-density protein in the brain mainly found on outer mitochondrial membranes, primarily in astroglia, but additionally in serotonergic neurons and in the substantia nigra in the midbrain. It is an enzyme that participates in the oxidative metabolism of important monoamines including dopamine, norepinephrine, benzylamine, and phenylethylamine. Elevated MAO-B density may be associated with astrogliosis and inhibiting MAO-B may reduce astrogliosis. MAO-B density is elevated in postmortem sampling of pathology for many neuropsychiatric diseases including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and alcohol use disorder. Initial development of positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents focused on analogs of [
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2411902-7
    ISSN 1662-453X ; 1662-4548
    ISSN (online) 1662-453X
    ISSN 1662-4548
    DOI 10.3389/fnins.2021.773404
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Monoamine Oxidase B (MAO-B): A Target for Rational Drug Development in Schizophrenia Using PET Imaging as an Example.

    Nisha Aji, Kankana / Meyer, Jeffrey H / Rusjan, Pablo M / Mizrahi, Romina

    Advances in neurobiology

    2023  Volume 30, Page(s) 335–362

    Abstract: Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is an important high-density enzyme involved in the generation of oxidative stress and central in the catabolism of dopamine, particularly in brain subcortical regions with putative implications in the pathophysiology of ... ...

    Abstract Monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) is an important high-density enzyme involved in the generation of oxidative stress and central in the catabolism of dopamine, particularly in brain subcortical regions with putative implications in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. In this chapter, we review postmortem studies, preclinical models, and peripheral and genetic studies implicating MAO-B in psychosis. A literature search in PubMed was conducted and 64 studies were found to be eligible for systematic review. We found that MAO-B could be identified as a potential target in schizophrenia. Evidence comes mostly from studies of peripheral markers, showing reduced platelet MAO-B activity in schizophrenia, together with preclinical results from MAO-B knock-out mice resulting in a hyperdopaminergic state and behavioral disinhibition. However, whether brain MAO-B is altered in vivo in patients with schizophrenia remains unknown. We therefore review methodological studies involving MAO-B positron emission tomography (PET) radioligands used to quantify MAO-B in vivo in the human brain. Given the limitations of currently available treatments for schizophrenia, elucidating whether MAO-B could be used as a target for risk stratification or clinical staging in schizophrenia could allow for a rational search for newer antipsychotics and the development of new treatments.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Humans ; Mice ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Monoamine Oxidase/drug effects ; Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism ; Positron-Emission Tomography/methods ; Schizophrenia/diagnostic imaging ; Schizophrenia/drug therapy ; Antipsychotic Agents/chemistry ; Antipsychotic Agents/pharmacology
    Chemical Substances Monoamine Oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) ; Antipsychotic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-17
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Review ; Journal Article
    ISSN 2190-5215
    ISSN 2190-5215
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-21054-9_14
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Neuroprogression and Immune Activation in Major Depressive Disorder.

    Meyer, Jeffrey H

    Modern trends in pharmacopsychiatry

    2017  Volume 31, Page(s) 27–36

    Abstract: Traditionally, the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been largely considered from the perspective of the state of major depressive episodes (MDE) versus being in remission, but the current accumulation of disease markers, largely ... ...

    Abstract Traditionally, the neurobiology of major depressive disorder (MDD) has been largely considered from the perspective of the state of major depressive episodes (MDE) versus being in remission, but the current accumulation of disease markers, largely acquired cross-sectionally, is strongly suggestive of neuroprogressive aspects of MDD. This chapter focuses on the changes in disease markers involved in the reorganization of the nervous system in MDD, including the translocator protein (TSPO; an index of microglial activation), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP; an index of astroglial activation), [11C]harmine (a marker of monoamine oxidase A; MAO-A), and several other indices (metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 [mGluR5], excitatory amino acid transporters, and magnetic resonance imaging spectroscopy measurements) of glutamate dysregulation. These are markers of processes involved in immune activation, oxidative stress, and chronic glucocorticoid exposure. Positron emission tomography studies of the TSPO distribution volume, a marker of microglial activation, provide strong evidence for microglial activation throughout the gray matter of the brain during MDE of MDD. In postmortem studies, GFAP reductions in the orbitofrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, and hippocampus indicate a deficit in reactive astroglia. Elevated MAO-A levels are present throughout the gray matter of the brain, including affect-modulating brain regions, starting in high-risk states for MDE such as the early postpartum period, perimenopause, heavy cigarette smoking, heavy alcohol intake, and prior to MDE recurrence. Evidence is accumulating for glutamate dysregulation, with some findings of reduced glutamate transporter density in the orbitofrontal cortex, and decreased mGluR5 density. Collectively, these changes suggest an imbalance in the immune system with increased microglial activation and decreased astroglial activation, continued elevations of the MAO-A level, and, likely, the development of extracellular glutamate dysregulation. Many of these imbalances involve processes implicated in increased oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neurodegeneration. Future studies are required to assess potential therapeutics targeting these processes to ameliorate progression of MDD.
    MeSH term(s) Apoptosis ; Brain/immunology ; Brain/pathology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/immunology ; Depressive Disorder, Major/pathology ; Female ; Glutamic Acid/metabolism ; Humans ; Male ; Microglia/immunology ; Oxidative Stress ; Perimenopause
    Chemical Substances Glutamic Acid (3KX376GY7L)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07-24
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1662-2685
    ISSN 1662-2685
    DOI 10.1159/000470804
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Promising leads and pitfalls: a review of dietary supplements and hormone treatments to prevent postpartum blues and postpartum depression.

    Dowlati, Yekta / Meyer, Jeffrey H

    Archives of women's mental health

    2020  Volume 24, Issue 3, Page(s) 381–389

    Abstract: Prevention of postpartum depression (PPD) is important because it typically has a 13% prevalence rate, impactful immediate symptoms with greater risk of suicide, and higher long-term risk of psychiatric symptoms in both the mother and family. There are ... ...

    Abstract Prevention of postpartum depression (PPD) is important because it typically has a 13% prevalence rate, impactful immediate symptoms with greater risk of suicide, and higher long-term risk of psychiatric symptoms in both the mother and family. There are no universal approaches across all childbearing women that have proven to be preventative for PPD, so it is hoped that dietary and/or hormonal interventions will be developed. There are some effective preventative approaches for PPD, such as psychotherapy and medical management, for the highest risk cases, like when there is a past history of a major depressive episode. The purpose is to review studies that assess dietary and hormonal interventions for prevention of PPD and/or postpartum blues, a high-risk state for PPD. Studies that assess dietary and hormonal interventions for prevention of PPD which included a comparison group were reviewed, including omega-3 fatty acids, mineral and vitamin supplements, amino acid combinations, allopregnanolone, progesterone, and thyroxine. Presently, development of dietary supplements and hormonal products for prevention of PPD is at an early stage with most trials showing results that are either preliminary, not definitive, trend level or variable across studies. Even so, a few directions are not recommended for further investigation such as progesterone and thyroxine. On the other hand, studies of allopregnanolone for prophylaxis of PPD are needed. Also, given the number of trend level findings and the multifactorial etiology of PPD, it may be prudent to investigate combined interventions rather than monotherapies. There is still a major need to develop a dietary supplement that creates resiliency against the biological changes in early postpartum associated with risk for mood disorders and/or PPD.
    MeSH term(s) Depression, Postpartum/prevention & control ; Depressive Disorder, Major ; Dietary Supplements ; Female ; Hormones ; Humans ; Postpartum Period ; Risk Factors
    Chemical Substances Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-17
    Publishing country Austria
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1463529-X
    ISSN 1435-1102 ; 1434-1816
    ISSN (online) 1435-1102
    ISSN 1434-1816
    DOI 10.1007/s00737-020-01091-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: The Effect of Oral L-cysteine on Breast Milk and Plasma Cysteine Concentrations.

    Dowlati, Yekta / Maheux, Maxim / Meyer, Jeffrey H

    Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment

    2020  Volume 16, Page(s) 3163–3172

    Abstract: Purpose: Greater oxidative signaling is implicated in major depressive disorder; hence, there is considerable interest in developing oral supplements with anti-oxidant properties to prevent or treat mood disorders, such as postpartum depression. L- ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Greater oxidative signaling is implicated in major depressive disorder; hence, there is considerable interest in developing oral supplements with anti-oxidant properties to prevent or treat mood disorders, such as postpartum depression. L-cysteine is a precursor for glutathione, an important antioxidant in the brain. So, developing L-cysteine as a dietary supplement may be useful, provided oral supplementation substantially raises its concentration in blood plasma yet does not affect its total concentration in breast milk. This study assessed the effect of oral L-cysteine on its concentration in breast milk and blood plasma of breastfeeding mothers.
    Participants and methods: Twenty-four health breastfeeding women were randomly assigned to 0, 1.5, or 3 g of oral L-cysteine. Free and total cysteine in breast milk; and free cysteine in plasma were measured. While breast milk is the gold standard, measurement of infant formulas provides indices of nutritional intake considered safe. Therefore, free cysteine was also measured in six different formulas.
    Results: Total cysteine in breast milk was not affected by oral L-cysteine (Repeated Measures of ANOVA (rANOVA), intervention effect:
    Conclusion: The negligible effect of oral cysteine administration on its total concentration in breast milk was favorable, but the minimal effect on its blood plasma concentration more strongly argues against further development of oral L-cysteine in postpartum, as well as other conditions.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-12-21
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2186503-6
    ISSN 1178-2021 ; 1176-6328
    ISSN (online) 1178-2021
    ISSN 1176-6328
    DOI 10.2147/NDT.S255205
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article: Neurochemical imaging and depressive behaviours.

    Meyer, Jeffrey H

    Current topics in behavioral neurosciences

    2013  Volume 14, Page(s) 101–134

    Abstract: Neurochemical imaging is frequently applied to measure markers of pathological change so as to understand mechanisms that create symptoms of major depressive disorder. For example, indices of greater monoamine oxidase A(MAO-A) level, particularly in the ... ...

    Abstract Neurochemical imaging is frequently applied to measure markers of pathological change so as to understand mechanisms that create symptoms of major depressive disorder. For example, indices of greater monoamine oxidase A(MAO-A) level, particularly in the prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex, are associated with depressed mood states, and high-risk states for onset of major depressive episodes. MAO-A metabolises monoamines, and greater metabolism of monoamines occurs when MAO-A is elevated in brain. Lower extracellular serotonin is associated with greater pessimism in humans and chronic serotonin deficiency is associated with upregulation of 5-HT2A (serotonin2A) receptors in cortex. During major depressive episodes when pessimism is more severe, greater 5-HT2A BPND, an index of density occurs in prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex. These results argue for a mechanism of lowering extracellular serotonin in the prefrontal and anterior cingulate cortex, consequent to elevated MAO-A level. The relationship between elevated 5-HTT BPND and greater pessimism during major depressive episodes suggests that greater 5-HTT density in the context of elevated MAO-A level further contributes to serotonin deficiency in these brain regions. A similar mechanism may explain the association between neuroimaging indices of greater dorsal striatal D2 density, DAT density and symptoms of motor retardation: Greater MAO-A level and relatively greater DAT density lower extracellular dopamine in the dorsal striatum, leading to motor retardation. Indices of greater 5-HT1A density, particularly in the cingulate cortex, have been associated with major depressive disorder, and well as anxiety disorders, suggesting that this abnormality is mechanistically related to presence of anxiety symptoms. To date, abnormalities of Glx a measure reflecting glutamate and glutamine levels have been most strongly associated with presence of major depressive episodes, with greater levels in occipital cortex, and reduced levels in prefrontal cortex. Ultimately, the future for neurochemical imaging is to better understand the mechanisms that predispose toward onset of MDE so as to create biologically informed, novel, methods of prevention, and superior, more symptom-targeted treatments.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Depressive Disorder/diagnostic imaging ; Depressive Disorder/metabolism ; Humans ; Neuroimaging/methods ; Radionuclide Imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ISSN 1866-3370
    ISSN 1866-3370
    DOI 10.1007/7854_2012_219
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: In vivo imaging translocator protein (TSPO) in autism spectrum disorder.

    Simpson, Dominic / Gharehgazlou, Avideh / Da Silva, Tania / Labrie-Cleary, Charlotte / Wilson, Alan A / Meyer, Jeffrey H / Mizrahi, Romina / Rusjan, Pablo M

    Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology

    2022  Volume 47, Issue 7, Page(s) 1421–1427

    Abstract: Converging evidence points to the significant involvement of the immune system in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Positron emission tomography (PET) can quantify translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), a marker with increased expression mainly in microglia ... ...

    Abstract Converging evidence points to the significant involvement of the immune system in autism spectrum disorders (ASD). Positron emission tomography (PET) can quantify translocator protein 18 kDa (TSPO), a marker with increased expression mainly in microglia and, to some extent astroglia during neuropsychiatric diseases with inflammation. This preliminary analysis explored, for the first time, whether TSPO binding was altered in male and female participants with ASD in vivo using full kinetic quantification. Thirteen individuals with ASD (IQ > 70 [n = 12], IQ = 62 [n = 1]), 5 F, 25 ± 5 years) were scanned with [
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Anilides/metabolism ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/diagnostic imaging ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/metabolism ; Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Pyridines ; Receptors, GABA/genetics ; Receptors, GABA/metabolism ; Young Adult
    Chemical Substances Anilides ; Pyridines ; Receptors, GABA ; TSPO protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-04-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 639471-1
    ISSN 1740-634X ; 0893-133X
    ISSN (online) 1740-634X
    ISSN 0893-133X
    DOI 10.1038/s41386-022-01306-4
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Applying neuroimaging ligands to study major depressive disorder.

    Meyer, Jeffrey H

    Seminars in nuclear medicine

    2008  Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) 287–304

    Abstract: The recent increase in radioligands available for neuroimaging major depressive disorder has led to advancements in our understanding of the pathophysiology of this illness and improved antidepressant development. Major depressive disorder can be defined ...

    Abstract The recent increase in radioligands available for neuroimaging major depressive disorder has led to advancements in our understanding of the pathophysiology of this illness and improved antidepressant development. Major depressive disorder can be defined as an illness of recurrent major depressive episodes of persistently low mood, dysregulated sleep, appetite and weight, anhedonia, cognitive impairment, and suicidality. The main target sites investigated with radioligand neuroimaging include receptor sites that regulate in response to lowered monoamine levels, targets related to removal of monoamines, uptake of ligands related to regional brain function, and target sites of antidepressants.
    MeSH term(s) Brain/diagnostic imaging ; Brain/metabolism ; Depressive Disorder, Major/diagnostic imaging ; Depressive Disorder, Major/metabolism ; Humans ; Image Enhancement/methods ; Ligands ; Positron-Emission Tomography/trends ; Radioisotopes/pharmacokinetics ; Radiopharmaceuticals ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon/trends
    Chemical Substances Ligands ; Radioisotopes ; Radiopharmaceuticals
    Language English
    Publishing date 2008-07
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 120248-0
    ISSN 0001-2998
    ISSN 0001-2998
    DOI 10.1053/j.semnuclmed.2008.02.007
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Astrogliosis marker 11C-SL25.1188 PET in traumatic brain injury with persistent symptoms.

    Koshimori, Yuko / Cusimano, Michael D / Vieira, Erica L / Rusjan, Pablo M / Kish, Stephen J / Vasdev, Neil / Moriguchi, Sho / Boileau, Isabelle / Chao, Thomas / Nasser, Zahra / Ishrat Husain, M / Faiz, Khunsa / Braga, Joeffre / Meyer, Jeffrey H

    Brain : a journal of neurology

    2023  Volume 146, Issue 11, Page(s) 4469–4475

    Abstract: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common but little is known why up to a third of patients have persisting symptoms. Astrogliosis, a pathophysiological response to brain injury, may be a potential therapeutic target, but demonstration of astrogliosis in ... ...

    Abstract Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is common but little is known why up to a third of patients have persisting symptoms. Astrogliosis, a pathophysiological response to brain injury, may be a potential therapeutic target, but demonstration of astrogliosis in the brain of humans with TBI and persistent symptoms is lacking. Astroglial marker monoamine oxidase B (MAO-B) total distribution volume (11C-SL25.1188 VT), an index of MAO-B density, was measured in 29 TBI and 29 similarly aged healthy control cases with 11C-SL25.1188 PET, prioritizing prefrontal cortex (PFC) and cortex proximal to cortical convexity. Correlations of PFC 11C-SL25.1188 VT with psychomotor and processing speed; and serum blood measures implicated in astrogliosis were determined. 11C-SL25.1188 VT was greater in TBI in PFC (P = 0.00064) and cortex (P = 0.00038). PFC 11C-SL25.1188 VT inversely correlated with Comprehensive Trail Making Test psychomotor and processing speed (r = -0.48, P = 0.01). In participants scanned within 2 years of last TBI, PFC 11C-SL25.1188 VT correlated with serum glial fibrillary acid protein (r = 0.51, P = 0.037) and total tau (r = 0.74, P = 0.001). Elevated 11C-SL25.1188 VT argues strongly for astrogliosis and therapeutics modifying astrogliosis towards curative phenotypes should be tested in TBI with persistent symptoms. Given substantive effect size, astrogliosis PET markers should be applied to stratify cases and/or assess target engagement for putative therapeutics targeting astrogliosis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Aged ; Carbon Radioisotopes/metabolism ; Gliosis/diagnostic imaging ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Brain/metabolism ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Injuries, Traumatic/metabolism ; Monoamine Oxidase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances SL25.1188 ; Carbon-11 ; Carbon Radioisotopes ; Monoamine Oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 80072-7
    ISSN 1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
    ISSN (online) 1460-2156
    ISSN 0006-8950
    DOI 10.1093/brain/awad279
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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