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  1. Article ; Online: Protein-protein interface analysis of the non-ribosomal peptide synthetase peptidyl carrier protein and enzymatic domains

    Joshua C. Corpuz / Javier O. Sanlley / Michael D. Burkart

    Synthetic and Systems Biotechnology, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 677-

    2022  Volume 688

    Abstract: Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are attractive targets for biosynthetic pathway engineering due to their modular architecture and the therapeutic relevance of their products. With catalysis mediated by specific protein-protein interactions ... ...

    Abstract Non-ribosomal peptide synthetases (NRPSs) are attractive targets for biosynthetic pathway engineering due to their modular architecture and the therapeutic relevance of their products. With catalysis mediated by specific protein-protein interactions formed between the peptidyl carrier protein (PCP) and its partner enzymes, NRPS enzymology and control remains fertile ground for discovery. This review focuses on the recent efforts within structural biology by compiling high-resolution structural data that shed light into the various protein-protein interfaces formed between the PCP and its partner enzymes, including the phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase), adenylation (A) domain, condensation (C) domain, thioesterase (TE) domain and other tailoring enzymes within the synthetase. Integrating our understanding of how the PCP recognizes partner proteins with the potential to use directed evolution and combinatorial biosynthetic methods will enhance future efforts in discovery and production of new bioactive compounds.
    Keywords Natural products ; Protein-protein interactions ; Non-ribosomal peptide synthetase ; Peptidyl carrier protein ; Combinatorial biosynthesis ; Synthetic biology ; Biotechnology ; TP248.13-248.65 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Subject code 540
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: High Bio-Content Thermoplastic Polyurethanes from Azelaic Acid

    Bhausaheb S. Rajput / Thien An Phung Hai / Michael D. Burkart

    Molecules, Vol 27, Iss 4885, p

    2022  Volume 4885

    Abstract: To realize the commercialization of sustainable materials, new polymers must be generated and systematically evaluated for material characteristics and end-of-life treatment. Polyester polyols made from renewable monomers have found limited adoption in ... ...

    Abstract To realize the commercialization of sustainable materials, new polymers must be generated and systematically evaluated for material characteristics and end-of-life treatment. Polyester polyols made from renewable monomers have found limited adoption in thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) applications, and their broad adoption in manufacturing may be possible with a more detailed understanding of their structure and properties. To this end, we prepared a series of bio-based crystalline and amorphous polyester polyols utilizing azelaic acid and varying branched or non-branched diols. The prepared polyols showed viscosities in the range of 504–781 cP at 70 °C, with resulting TPUs that displayed excellent thermal and mechanical properties. TPUs prepared from crystalline azelate polyester polyol exhibited excellent mechanical properties compared to TPUs prepared from amorphous polyols. These were used to demonstrate prototype products, such as watch bands and cup-shaped forms. Importantly, the prepared TPUs had up to 85% bio-carbon content. Studies such as these will be important for the development of renewable materials that display mechanical properties suitable for commercially viable, sustainable products.
    Keywords bio-carbon content ; polyester polyols ; thermoplastic polyurethanes ; prototyping ; Organic chemistry ; QD241-441
    Subject code 540
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Traffic Control in Modular Polyketide Synthases

    Kara Finzel / Michael D. Burkart

    ACS Central Science, Vol 2, Iss 1, Pp 9-

    2016  Volume 11

    Keywords Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher American Chemical Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Elucidation of transient protein-protein interactions within carrier protein-dependent biosynthesis

    Thomas G. Bartholow / Terra Sztain / Ashay Patel / D. John Lee / Megan A. Young / Ruben Abagyan / Michael D. Burkart

    Communications Biology, Vol 4, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2021  Volume 10

    Abstract: Using structural and computational analysis, Bartholow et al. perform a comprehensive residue-by-residue comparison of the protein-protein interactions in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis that occurs in E. coli. This study provides insights into molecular ...

    Abstract Using structural and computational analysis, Bartholow et al. perform a comprehensive residue-by-residue comparison of the protein-protein interactions in de novo fatty acid biosynthesis that occurs in E. coli. This study provides insights into molecular events that occur in carrier protein-dependent pathways.
    Keywords Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Isolation and Characterization of Allomelanin from Pathogenic Black Knot Fungusa Sustainable Source of Melanin

    Saranshu Singla / K. Zin Htut / Runyao Zhu / Amara Davis / Jiayang Ma / Qing Zhe Ni / Michael D. Burkart / Christopher Maurer / Toshikazu Miyoshi / Ali Dhinojwala

    ACS Omega, Vol 6, Iss 51, Pp 35514-

    2021  Volume 35522

    Keywords Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher American Chemical Society
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Recent progress and future challenges in algal biofuel production [version 1; referees

    Jonathan B. Shurin / Michael D. Burkart / Stephen P. Mayfield / Val H. Smith

    F1000Research, Vol

    4 approved]

    2016  Volume 5

    Abstract: Modern society is fueled by fossil energy produced millions of years ago by photosynthetic organisms. Cultivating contemporary photosynthetic producers to generate energy and capture carbon from the atmosphere is one potential approach to sustaining ... ...

    Abstract Modern society is fueled by fossil energy produced millions of years ago by photosynthetic organisms. Cultivating contemporary photosynthetic producers to generate energy and capture carbon from the atmosphere is one potential approach to sustaining society without disrupting the climate. Algae, photosynthetic aquatic microorganisms, are the fastest growing primary producers in the world and can therefore produce more energy with less land, water, and nutrients than terrestrial plant crops. We review recent progress and challenges in developing bioenergy technology based on algae. A variety of high-value products in addition to biofuels can be harvested from algal biomass, and these may be key to developing algal biotechnology and realizing the commercial potential of these organisms. Aspects of algal biology that differentiate them from plants demand an integrative approach based on genetics, cell biology, ecology, and evolution. We call for a systems approach to research on algal biotechnology rooted in understanding their biology, from the level of genes to ecosystems, and integrating perspectives from physical, chemical, and social sciences to solve one of the most critical outstanding technological problems.
    Keywords Applied Microbiology ; Microbial Evolution & Genomics ; Microbial Growth & Development ; Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher F1000 Research Ltd
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Gating mechanism of elongating β-ketoacyl-ACP synthases

    Jeffrey T. Mindrebo / Ashay Patel / Woojoo E. Kim / Tony D. Davis / Aochiu Chen / Thomas G. Bartholow / James J. La Clair / J. Andrew McCammon / Joseph P. Noel / Michael D. Burkart

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 15

    Abstract: The formation of C-C bonds in fatty acid and polyketide biosynthesis depends on β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthases (KSs). Here, the authors present structures of E.coli KSs bound to substrate mimetic bearing ACPs, providing insights into the ...

    Abstract The formation of C-C bonds in fatty acid and polyketide biosynthesis depends on β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthases (KSs). Here, the authors present structures of E.coli KSs bound to substrate mimetic bearing ACPs, providing insights into the catalytic mechanism underlying C-C bond forming reactions.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Publishing Group
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Gating mechanism of elongating β-ketoacyl-ACP synthases

    Jeffrey T. Mindrebo / Ashay Patel / Woojoo E. Kim / Tony D. Davis / Aochiu Chen / Thomas G. Bartholow / James J. La Clair / J. Andrew McCammon / Joseph P. Noel / Michael D. Burkart

    Nature Communications, Vol 11, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2020  Volume 15

    Abstract: The formation of C-C bonds in fatty acid and polyketide biosynthesis depends on β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthases (KSs). Here, the authors present structures of E.coli KSs bound to substrate mimetic bearing ACPs, providing insights into the ...

    Abstract The formation of C-C bonds in fatty acid and polyketide biosynthesis depends on β-ketoacyl-acyl carrier protein (ACP) synthases (KSs). Here, the authors present structures of E.coli KSs bound to substrate mimetic bearing ACPs, providing insights into the catalytic mechanism underlying C-C bond forming reactions.
    Keywords Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article: Phosphopantetheinylation in the green microalgae Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

    Sonnenschein, Eva C / Yuan Pu / Joris Beld / Michael D. Burkart

    Journal of applied phycology. 2016 Dec., v. 28, no. 6

    2016  

    Abstract: Microalgal biofuel is a promising solution to the decline of fossil fuels. However, algal fatty acid metabolism, the machinery producing the raw material for biofuels, remains poorly understood. The central unit of the fatty acid synthase (FAS) is the ... ...

    Abstract Microalgal biofuel is a promising solution to the decline of fossil fuels. However, algal fatty acid metabolism, the machinery producing the raw material for biofuels, remains poorly understood. The central unit of the fatty acid synthase (FAS) is the acyl carrier protein (ACP), which is responsible for holding the product. Fatty acid biosynthesis is initiated through posttranslational modification of the ACP by the phosphopantetheinyl transferase (PPTase). We identified two PPTases, PptC1 and PptC2, in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii by genome analysis and phylogenetic and structural comparison. Both PPTases are of Sfp-type, the archetypical PPTase type for non-ribosomal peptide and polyketide biosynthetic pathways in bacteria and cyanobacteria. In vitro analysis revealed that PptC2 has a broader substrate range than PptC1. Both PPTases were able to activate the cognate ACP of the type II FAS, while PptC2 also recognized ACP of Escherichia coli type II FAS and actinorhodin type II polyketide synthase. Besides FAS as PPTase target, the C. reinhardtii genome encodes a single type I PKS, and we hypothesize that PptC2 is responsible for its activation. Screening of the currently available microalgal genome data revealed that most green microalgae appear to carry two PPTases forming clusters with each C. reinhardtii PPTase, while microalgae of other divisions carry one or two PPTases and do not cluster in the pattern of the green algal data. This new understanding on the PPTases in microalgae shows that microalgae are already primed for biotechnological applications in contrast to other organisms. Thus, microalgae have great potential for metabolic engineering efforts in the realm of biofuel and high-value products including direct engineering of the fatty acid or secondary metabolism using the natural genomic reservoir and as biotechnological platform for heterologous expression.
    Keywords Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ; Cyanobacteria ; Escherichia coli ; acyl carrier protein ; bacteria ; biochemical pathways ; biofuels ; biosynthesis ; fatty acid metabolism ; fatty acids ; fatty-acid synthase ; fossil fuels ; genome ; heterologous gene expression ; high-value products ; metabolic engineering ; microalgae ; models ; phylogeny ; polyketide synthases ; polyketides ; post-translational modification ; raw materials ; screening ; sequence analysis
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-12
    Size p. 3259-3267.
    Publishing place Springer Netherlands
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 1002324-0
    ISSN 1573-5176 ; 0921-8971
    ISSN (online) 1573-5176
    ISSN 0921-8971
    DOI 10.1007/s10811-016-0875-7
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  10. Article: An unusual intramolecular trans-amidation

    Rivera, Heriberto / James J. La Clair / Michael D. Burkart / Sachin Dhar / Shiou-Chuan Tsai

    Tetrahedron. 2016 June 23, v. 72

    2016  

    Abstract: Polyketide biosynthesis engages a series of well-timed biosynthetic operations to generate elaborate natural products from simple building blocks. Mimicry of these processes has offered practical means for total synthesis and provided a foundation for ... ...

    Abstract Polyketide biosynthesis engages a series of well-timed biosynthetic operations to generate elaborate natural products from simple building blocks. Mimicry of these processes has offered practical means for total synthesis and provided a foundation for reaction discovery. We now report an unusual intramolecular trans-amidation reaction discovered while preparing stabilized probes for the study of actinorhodin biosynthesis. This rapid cyclization event offers insight into the natural cyclization process inherent to the biosynthesis of type II polyketide antibiotics.
    Keywords antibiotics ; biosynthesis ; chemical reactions ; chemical structure ; organic compounds
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-0623
    Size p. 3605-3608.
    Publishing place Elsevier Ltd
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 204285-x
    ISSN 1464-5416 ; 0040-4020 ; 0563-2064
    ISSN (online) 1464-5416
    ISSN 0040-4020 ; 0563-2064
    DOI 10.1016/j.tet.2016.01.062
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