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  1. Article ; Online: Assessment of Paratuberculosis international official reporting in Europe using the information supplied to the WOAH by National Veterinary Services

    Angela Fanelli / Michela Galgano / Alessio Sposato / Domenico Buonavoglia

    Veterinaria Italiana, Vol 58, Iss

    2022  Volume 2

    Abstract: The present study characterizes the epidemiological situation of Paratuberculosis (PTB) in Europe during the last 24 years, using the information officially reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) by the National Veterinary Services ( ... ...

    Abstract The present study characterizes the epidemiological situation of Paratuberculosis (PTB) in Europe during the last 24 years, using the information officially reported to the World Organisation for Animal Health (WOAH) by the National Veterinary Services (NVS) of the European countries. The prevalence of PTB at country level was described during the study period. A Cox proportional hazards (PH) regression analysis was implemented to evaluate the reporting behaviour. The most affected countries were found in southern and western Europe, whereas PTB presence was lower in northern and eastern Europe. PTB was routinely declared as a notifiable disease in 65% of the countries. Less than 50% of the countries routinely implemented passive surveillance, and only 19%, reported active surveillance for disease detection. Results of the Cox PH regression indicate that the Gross National Income (GNI) per capita and the application of active surveillance significantly influence the recurrence of PTB reporting. In countries with lower and upper middle income, the hazard of recurrence is 0.13 and 0.18 times lower than in countries with high income. The hazard of recurrence in countries that infrequently and moderately applied active surveillance is 1.99 and 1.65 times higher than in countries that routinely applied active surveillance. Findings of this work highlight an important variation in the reporting behaviour, disease status and surveillance across Europe.
    Keywords Paratuberculosis ; Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis ; Epidemiology ; Survival analysis ; Cox proportional hazards regression analysis ; Animal culture ; SF1-1100 ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Antimicrobial Resistance in Loggerhead Sea Turtles ( Caretta caretta )

    Adriana Trotta / Mariarosaria Marinaro / Alessio Sposato / Michela Galgano / Stefano Ciccarelli / Serena Paci / Marialaura Corrente

    Animals, Vol 11, Iss 2435, p

    A Comparison between Clinical and Commensal Bacterial Isolates

    2021  Volume 2435

    Abstract: Gram negative organisms are frequently isolated from Caretta caretta turtles, which can act as reservoir species for resistant microorganisms in the aquatic environment. C. caretta, which have no history of treatment with antimicrobials, are useful ... ...

    Abstract Gram negative organisms are frequently isolated from Caretta caretta turtles, which can act as reservoir species for resistant microorganisms in the aquatic environment. C. caretta, which have no history of treatment with antimicrobials, are useful sentinel species for resistant microbes. In this culture-based study, commensal bacteria isolated from oral and cloacal samples of 98 healthy C. caretta were compared to clinical isolates from the wounds of 102 injured animals, in order to investigate the presence of AMR bacteria in free-living loggerheads from the Adriatic Sea. A total of 410 isolates were cultured. Escherichia coli and genera such as Serratia, Moraxella, Kluyvera, Salmonella were isolated only in healthy animals, while Acinetobacter, Enterobacter, Klebsiella and Morganella were isolated only from the wounds of the injured animals. When tested for susceptibility to ampicillin, amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, ceftazidime, cefuroxime, gentamicin, doxycycline, ciprofloxacin and enrofloxacin, the clinical isolates showed highly significant differences in AMR rates vs. commensal isolates for all the drugs tested, except for doxycycline. The detection of high AMR rates in loggerheads is of clinical and microbiological significance since it impacts both the choice of a proper antibiotic therapy and the implementation of conservation programs.
    Keywords sea turtles ; infectious diseases ; sentinel species ; marine ecosystem ; AMR ; pathogens ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100 ; Zoology ; QL1-991
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Antibacterial and Biofilm Production Inhibition Activity of Thymus vulgaris L. Essential Oil against Salmonella spp. Isolates from Reptiles

    Michela Galgano / Daniela Mrenoshki / Francesco Pellegrini / Loredana Capozzi / Marco Cordisco / Laura Del Sambro / Adriana Trotta / Michele Camero / Maria Tempesta / Domenico Buonavoglia / Piero Laricchiuta / Cristiana Catella / Annamaria Pratelli / Alessio Buonavoglia / Marialaura Corrente

    Pathogens, Vol 12, Iss 804, p

    2023  Volume 804

    Abstract: Salmonellosis is an infectious disease affecting both animals and humans. Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) and biofilm-producing Salmonella spp., frequently detected in reptiles (who can then act as asymptomatic carriers for warm-blooded animals), have ... ...

    Abstract Salmonellosis is an infectious disease affecting both animals and humans. Antimicrobial resistant (AMR) and biofilm-producing Salmonella spp., frequently detected in reptiles (who can then act as asymptomatic carriers for warm-blooded animals), have developed resistance to biocides; this represents a warning for the emergence of biocide/antimicrobial cross-resistance. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TEO) in inhibiting bacterial growth and biofilm production of Salmonella spp., which had been isolated from wild reptiles housed in a Zoo in Italy. The resistance profile against different classes of antibiotics showed that all the isolates were susceptible to the tested antibiotics, despite the presence of several AMR genes. All the isolates were also tested with aqueous solutions of TEO at different dilutions (5% to 0.039%). Interestingly, TEO proved effective both in inhibiting bacterial growth at low dilutions, with MIC and MBC values ranging between 0.078% and 0.312%, and in inhibiting biofilm production, with values ranging from 0.039% to 0.156%. TEO demonstrated effective bioactivity against the biofilm producer Salmonella spp., proving to be a valid disinfectant for the prevention of salmonellosis from reptiles, a possible source of infection for humans exposed to the reptiles’ environment.
    Keywords Salmonella ; reptiles ; Thymus vulgaris ; antibiotic resistance ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 630 ; 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Salmonella enterica Subsp. houtenae Associated with an Abscess in Young Roe Deer ( Capreolus capreolus )

    Adriana Trotta / Laura Del Sambro / Michela Galgano / Stefano Ciccarelli / Erika Ottone / Domenico Simone / Antonio Parisi / Domenico Buonavoglia / Marialaura Corrente

    Pathogens, Vol 10, Iss 654, p

    2021  Volume 654

    Abstract: Background: S. enterica subsp. houtenae has been rarely documented, and very limited genomic information is available. This report describes a rare case of primary extraintestinal salmonellosis in a young roe deer, associated with Salmonella enterica ... ...

    Abstract Background: S. enterica subsp. houtenae has been rarely documented, and very limited genomic information is available. This report describes a rare case of primary extraintestinal salmonellosis in a young roe deer, associated with Salmonella enterica subsp. houtenae. Methods: A traditional cultural-based analysis was carried out from the contents of a neck abscess; biochemical identification and PCR assay were performed to isolate and identify the pathogen. Through whole-genome sequencing (WGS), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core genome MLST (cgMLST), and the Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) survey, resistome and virulome genes were investigated to gain insight into the virulence and antimicrobial resistance of S. houtenae . Results: Biochemical identification and PCR confirmed the presence of Salmonella spp. in the swelling. The WGS analysis identified Salmonella enterica subspecies houtenae serovar 43:z4,z23:- and ST 958. The virulence study predicted a multidrug resistance pattern with resistance shown against aminoglycosides, tetracycline, beta-lactamase, fluoroquinolones, fosfomycin, nitroimidazole, aminocoumarin, and peptide. Fifty-three antibiotic-resistant genes were identified. No plasmids were detected. Conclusion: This study demonstrates the importance of continuous surveillance of pathogenic salmonellae. Biomolecular analyses combined with epidemiological data can provide important information about poorly described Salmonella strains and can help to improve animal welfare.
    Keywords extraintestinal salmonellosis ; localized lesion ; abscess ; soft tissue ; roe deer ; AMR resistance ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Superficial angiomyxoma in a pregnant cow

    Annalisa Rizzo / Leonardo Della Salda / Mariarita Romanucci / Stefano Ciccarelli / Carmela Valastro / Michela Galgano / Raffaele L. Sciorsci

    Journal of the South African Veterinary Association, Vol 91, Iss 0, Pp e1-e

    2020  Volume 5

    Abstract: A 3-year-old, pregnant, Alpine Brown cow showed a rapidly growing, pedunculated, skin mass located at the umbilical region, reaching 8 kg in weight over a 3-month period after its initial detection. Six days after parturition, the mass was completely ... ...

    Abstract A 3-year-old, pregnant, Alpine Brown cow showed a rapidly growing, pedunculated, skin mass located at the umbilical region, reaching 8 kg in weight over a 3-month period after its initial detection. Six days after parturition, the mass was completely surgically excised. During the follow-up period, the cow remained in good health, without signs of recurrence, and showed increased milk production. Histological examination of the mass revealed a loose proliferation of spindle-shaped or stellate cells, immersed in an abundant myxoid matrix with admixed numerous thin-walled blood vessels. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells were positive for vimentin, α-smooth muscle actin, and desmin. Gross and histopathological features were compatible with superficial angiomyxoma, a subtype of angiomyxoma rarely described in humans, but not in the veterinary literature. The tumour did not infiltrate into the surrounding tissues, and there was no post-excision recurrence after 3 months. The possibility of hormonal dependence of the tumour during pregnancy is discussed based on such findings in some human cases.
    Keywords angiomyxoma ; cow ; cutaneous ; histopathology ; hormone dependency ; immunohistochemistry ; pregnancy ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher AOSIS
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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