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  1. Article ; Online: Central precocious puberty in boys: secular trend and clinical features.

    Huttunen, Heta / Kärkinen, Juho / Varimo, Tero / Miettinen, Päivi J / Raivio, Taneli / Hero, Matti

    European journal of endocrinology

    2024  Volume 190, Issue 3, Page(s) 211–219

    Abstract: Objective: Recent studies suggest that boys enter puberty at a younger age, and the incidence of male central precocious puberty (CPP) is increasing. In this study, we explore the incidence of male CPP and identify key clinical and auxological ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Recent studies suggest that boys enter puberty at a younger age, and the incidence of male central precocious puberty (CPP) is increasing. In this study, we explore the incidence of male CPP and identify key clinical and auxological indicators for organic CPP (OCPP).
    Design: A retrospective registry-based study.
    Methods: The medical records of 43 boys treated with CPP at the Helsinki University Hospital between 1985 and 2014 were reviewed. Clinical, auxological, and endocrine data of the CPP patients were included in the analyses.
    Results: Based on brain MRI, 26% of patients had OCPP. Between 2010 and 2014, the CPP incidence in boys was 0.34 per 10 000 (95% CI 0.20-0.60). Between 1990 and 2014, the male CPP incidence increased (incidence rate ratio [IRR] 1.10, P = .001). This increase was driven by rising idiopathic CPP (ICPP) incidence (IRR 1.11, 95% CI 1.05-1.19, P < .001), while OCPP incidence remained stable (P = .41). Compared with the patients with ICPP, the patients with OCPP were younger (P = .006), were shorter (P = .003), and had higher basal serum testosterone levels (P = .038). Combining 2 to 4 of these readily available clinical cues resulted in good to excellent (all, area under the curve 0.84-0.97, P < .001) overall performance, differentiating organic etiology from idiopathic.
    Conclusions: The estimated incidence of CPP in boys was 0.34 per 10 000, with 26% of cases associated with intracranial pathology. The increase in CPP incidence was driven by rising ICPP rates. Patients with OCPP were characterized by shorter stature, younger age, and higher basal testosterone levels, providing valuable cues for differentiation in addition to brain MRI. Utilizing multiple cues could guide diagnostic decision-making.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Male ; Luteinizing Hormone ; Puberty, Precocious/diagnosis ; Puberty, Precocious/epidemiology ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone ; Retrospective Studies ; Testosterone ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone
    Chemical Substances Luteinizing Hormone (9002-67-9) ; Follicle Stimulating Hormone (9002-68-0) ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (33515-09-2)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-27
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1183856-5
    ISSN 1479-683X ; 0804-4643
    ISSN (online) 1479-683X
    ISSN 0804-4643
    DOI 10.1093/ejendo/lvae021
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  2. Article ; Online: Prenatal, newborn and childhood factors and the timing of puberty in boys and girls.

    Suutela, Maria / Hero, Matti / Kosola, Silja / Miettinen, Päivi J / Raivio, Taneli

    Pediatric research

    2024  

    Abstract: Background: Our aim was to determine if prenatal factors, gestational age, birth weight and length, and childhood body mass index (BMI) are associated with the timing of puberty.: Methods: Our population-based study comprised 4826 girls and 5112 boys ...

    Abstract Background: Our aim was to determine if prenatal factors, gestational age, birth weight and length, and childhood body mass index (BMI) are associated with the timing of puberty.
    Methods: Our population-based study comprised 4826 girls and 5112 boys born between 1997 and 2002. Multiple linear regression modeled the relationships between the maternal and child predictors and the age at peak height velocity (PHV).
    Results: Maternal smoking throughout pregnancy was associated with earlier age at PHV (-1.8 months in girls, 95%CI = -3.2 to -0.3, p = 0.015 and -1.7 months in boys, 95%CI = -3.1 to -0.3, p = 0.016). Older gestational age predicted later age at PHV in boys. One SDS increase in birth weight led to 1.7 months later age at PHV in girls (95%CI = 1.2 to 2.2, p < 0.001) and 0.8 months in boys (95%CI = 0.2 to 1.3, p = 0.005). At the age of 9 years, each increment of BMI by 1 kg/m
    Conclusions: Fetal exposure to smoking can potentially exert enduring effects on pubertal timing. Birth weight and childhood nutritional status are significant determinants of pubertal timing in both sexes.
    Impact: Maternal smoking was associated with earlier timing of puberty and greater birth weight with later timing of puberty in both girls and boys. Most previous studies have focused on girls and used surveys to assess pubertal development, but we studied both sexes and used the same objective measure (age at peak height velocity) for the timing of puberty. Our study increases knowledge especially regarding factors associated with the timing of puberty among boys.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-09
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 4411-8
    ISSN 1530-0447 ; 0031-3998
    ISSN (online) 1530-0447
    ISSN 0031-3998
    DOI 10.1038/s41390-024-03159-7
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  3. Book ; Thesis: Expression of TGF-alpha and EGF in developing human fetal intestine and pancreas

    Miettinen, Päivi J.

    1993  

    Author's details Päivi J. Miettinen
    Language English
    Size Getr. Zählung : Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publishing country Finland
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Helsinki, Univ., Diss., 1993
    HBZ-ID HT010501354
    ISBN 952-90-4500-X ; 978-952-90-4500-6
    Database Catalogue ZB MED Medicine, Health

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  4. Article ; Online: Health-related quality of life and self-reported health status in adolescents with chronic health conditions before transfer of care to adult health care: an international cohort study.

    Kallio, Mira / Tornivuori, Anna / Miettinen, Päivi J / Kolho, Kaija-Leena / Relas, Heikki / Culnane, Evelyn / Loftus, Hayley / Sawyer, Susan M / Kosola, Silja

    BMC pediatrics

    2024  Volume 24, Issue 1, Page(s) 163

    Abstract: Background: Heath-related quality of life (HRQoL) is lower in adolescents with chronic health conditions compared to healthy peers. While there is evidence of some differences according to the underlying condition and gender, differences by measure and ... ...

    Abstract Background: Heath-related quality of life (HRQoL) is lower in adolescents with chronic health conditions compared to healthy peers. While there is evidence of some differences according to the underlying condition and gender, differences by measure and country are poorly understood. In this study we focus on the differences in HRQoL in adolescents with various chronic medical conditions in the year before transfer of care to adult health services. We also study the associations of two different HRQoL measurements to each other and to self-reported health.
    Methods: We recruited 538 adolescents from New Children`s Hospital, Helsinki, Finland, and the Royal Children`s Hospital, Melbourne, Australia in 2017-2020. We used two validated HRQoL measurement instruments, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) and 16D, and a visual analog scale (VAS) for self-reported health status.
    Results: In total, 512 adolescents (50.4% female, mean age 17.8 [SD 1.2] years), completed the survey measures. Higher HRQoL was reported in males than females in both countries (PedsQL 79.4 vs. 74.1; 16D 0.888 vs. 0.846), and in adolescents from Finland than Australia (80.6 vs. 72.2 and 0.905 vs. 0.825, p < 0.001 for all). Adolescents with diabetes, rheumatological, nephrological conditions and/or organ transplants had higher HRQoL than adolescents with neurological conditions or other disease syndromes (p < 0.001). PedsQL and 16D scores showed a strong correlation to each other (Spearman correlation coefficient r = 0.81). Using the 7-point VAS (1-7), 52% (248 of 479) considered their health status to be good (6-7) and 10% (48 of 479) rated it poor (1-2). Better self-reported health was associated with higher HRQoL.
    Conclusions: The HRQoL of transition aged adolescents varies between genders, diagnostic groups, and countries of residence. The association between self-reported health and HRQoL suggests that brief assessment using the VAS could identify adolescents who may benefit from in-depth HRQoL evaluation.
    Trial registration: Trial registration name The Bridge and registration number NCT04631965 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04631965 ).
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Chronic Disease ; Cohort Studies ; Delivery of Health Care ; Health Status ; Quality of Life ; Self Report ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2041342-7
    ISSN 1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
    ISSN (online) 1471-2431
    ISSN 1471-2431
    DOI 10.1186/s12887-024-04629-x
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  5. Article ; Online: Constitutional delay of puberty versus congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: Genetics, management and updates.

    Raivio, Taneli / Miettinen, Päivi J

    Best practice & research. Clinical endocrinology & metabolism

    2019  Volume 33, Issue 3, Page(s) 101316

    Abstract: Delayed puberty (DP) affects approximately 2% of adolescents. In the vast majority of patients in both sexes, it is due to constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP), a self-limited condition in which puberty starts later than usual but progresses ...

    Abstract Delayed puberty (DP) affects approximately 2% of adolescents. In the vast majority of patients in both sexes, it is due to constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP), a self-limited condition in which puberty starts later than usual but progresses normally. However, some CDGP patients may benefit from medical intervention with low-dose sex steroids or peroral aromatase inhibitor letrozole (only for boys). Other causes of DP include permanent hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, functional hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (due to chronic diseases and conditions), and gonadal failure. In this review we discuss these themes along with the latest achievements in the field of puberty research, and include a brief synopsis on the differential diagnosis and management of patients with CDGP and congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Humans ; Hypogonadism/complications ; Hypogonadism/congenital ; Hypogonadism/diagnosis ; Male ; Puberty/physiology ; Puberty, Delayed/diagnosis ; Puberty, Delayed/etiology ; Puberty, Delayed/genetics ; Puberty, Delayed/therapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-09-05
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Comparative Study ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2052339-7
    ISSN 1878-1594 ; 1532-1908 ; 1521-690X
    ISSN (online) 1878-1594 ; 1532-1908
    ISSN 1521-690X
    DOI 10.1016/j.beem.2019.101316
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  6. Article ; Online: During an 18-month course of automated insulin delivery treatment, children aged 2 to 6 years achieve and maintain a higher time in tight range.

    Pulkkinen, Mari-Anne / Varimo, Tero J / Hakonen, Elina T / Hero, Matti T / Miettinen, Päivi J / Tuomaala, Anna-Kaisa

    Diabetes, obesity & metabolism

    2024  Volume 26, Issue 6, Page(s) 2431–2438

    Abstract: Aims: To investigate whether the positive effects on glycaemic outcomes of 3-month automated insulin delivery (AID) achieved in 2- to 6-year-old children endure over an extended duration and how AID treatment affects time in tight range (TITR), defined ... ...

    Abstract Aims: To investigate whether the positive effects on glycaemic outcomes of 3-month automated insulin delivery (AID) achieved in 2- to 6-year-old children endure over an extended duration and how AID treatment affects time in tight range (TITR), defined as 3.9-7.8 mmol/L.
    Research design and methods: We analysed 18 months of follow-up data from a non-randomized, prospective, single-arm clinical trial (n = 35) conducted between 2021 and 2023. The main outcome measures were changes in time in range (TIR), glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c), time above range (TAR), TITR, and mean sensor glucose (SG) value during follow-up visits (at 0, 6, 12 and 18 months). The MiniMed 780G AID system in SmartGuard Mode was used for 18 months. Parental diabetes distress was evaluated at 3 and 18 months with the validated Problem Areas in Diabetes-Parent, revised (PAID-PR) survey.
    Results: Between 0 and 6 months, TIR and TITR increased, and HbA1c, mean SG value and TAR decreased significantly (p < 0.001); the favourable effect persisted through 18 months of follow-up. Between 3 and 18 months, PAID-PR score declined significantly (0 months: mean score 37.5; 3 months: mean score 28.6 [p = 0.06]; 18 months: mean score 24.6 [p < 0.001]).
    Conclusions: Treatment with AID significantly increased TITR and TIR in young children. The positive effect of AID on glycaemic control observed after 6 months persisted throughout the 18 months of follow-up. Similarly, parental diabetes distress remained reduced during 18 months follow-up. These findings are reassuring and suggest that AID treatment improves glycaemic control and reduces parental diabetes distress in young children over an extended 18-month follow-up.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Insulin Infusion Systems ; Female ; Male ; Child, Preschool ; Insulin/administration & dosage ; Insulin/therapeutic use ; Child ; Glycated Hemoglobin/analysis ; Hypoglycemic Agents/administration & dosage ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Blood Glucose/drug effects ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/blood ; Prospective Studies ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glycemic Control/methods ; Time Factors ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring
    Chemical Substances Insulin ; Glycated Hemoglobin ; Hypoglycemic Agents ; Blood Glucose ; hemoglobin A1c protein, human
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-03-21
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1454944-x
    ISSN 1463-1326 ; 1462-8902
    ISSN (online) 1463-1326
    ISSN 1462-8902
    DOI 10.1111/dom.15562
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  7. Article ; Online: The effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the glycemic control of children with type 1 diabetes.

    Hakonen, Elina / Varimo, Tero / Tuomaala, Anna-Kaisa / Miettinen, Päivi J / Pulkkinen, Mari-Anne

    BMC pediatrics

    2022  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 48

    Abstract: Background: Between March 18: Methods: In this retrospective register study from a pediatric diabetes outpatient clinic, we analyzed the glycemic data of T1D patients (n = 245; aged 4 to 16 years) before and under the lockdown. All the participants ... ...

    Abstract Background: Between March 18
    Methods: In this retrospective register study from a pediatric diabetes outpatient clinic, we analyzed the glycemic data of T1D patients (n = 245; aged 4 to 16 years) before and under the lockdown. All the participants used continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM or iCGM), two-thirds were on insulin pumps (CSII), and one-third on multiple daily insulin injections (MDI) therapy.
    Results: In our patient cohort, time in range (TIR, n = 209) and mean glucose levels (n = 214) were similar prior to and under the lockdown (mean change 0.44% [95%CI: -1.1-2.0], p = 0.56 and -0.13 mmol/mol [95%CI: -0.3-0.1], p = 0.17, respectively). However, children treated with CSII improved their glycemic control significantly during the lockdown: TIR improved on average 2.4% [0.6-4.2] (p = 0.010) and mean blood glucose level decreased -0.3 mmol/mol [-0.6-(-0.1)] (p = 0.008). The difference was more pronounced in girls, adolescents and patients using conventional insulin pumps.
    Conclusions: The glycemic control in T1D children did not deteriorate under the lockdown, and patients on CSII even improved their control, which suggests that social distancing might have allowed families to use the insulin pump more accurately as out-of-home activities were on hold.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring ; COVID-19 ; Child ; Communicable Disease Control ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/drug therapy ; Female ; Glycemic Control ; Humans ; Hypoglycemic Agents/therapeutic use ; Pandemics ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Hypoglycemic Agents
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-19
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2041342-7
    ISSN 1471-2431 ; 1471-2431
    ISSN (online) 1471-2431
    ISSN 1471-2431
    DOI 10.1186/s12887-022-03115-6
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  8. Article ; Online: Etiology of severe short stature below -3 SDS in a screened Finnish population.

    Kärkinen, Juho / Miettinen, Päivi J / Raivio, Taneli / Hero, Matti

    European journal of endocrinology

    2020  Volume 183, Issue 5, Page(s) 481–488

    Abstract: Objective: To describe the etiology of severe short stature in the Helsinki University Hospital district covering a population of 1.2 million that is subject to frequent growth monitoring and screening rules during childhood.: Design: Retrospective ... ...

    Abstract Objective: To describe the etiology of severe short stature in the Helsinki University Hospital district covering a population of 1.2 million that is subject to frequent growth monitoring and screening rules during childhood.
    Design: Retrospective cohort study.
    Methods: We identified all subjects born 1990 or later with a height SD score <-3, after the age of 3 years, from the Helsinki University Hospital district growth database. A total of 785 subjects (376 females and 409 males) fulfilled our inclusion criteria; we reviewed their medical records and growth data and report their underlying diagnoses.
    Results: A pathological cause for short stature was diagnosed in 76% of the girls and 71% of the boys (P = NS). Syndromes were the most numerous pathological cause (n = 160; 20%), followed by organ disorders (n = 127; 16%), growth hormone deficiency (GHD, n = 94; 12%), SGA without catch-up growth (n = 73; 9%), and skeletal dysplasias (n = 57; 7%). Idiopathic short stature (ISS) was diagnosed in 210 (27%) subjects. The probability of growth-related pathology, particularly of a syndrome or skeletal dysplasia, increased with the shorter height SD score and the greater deviation from the target height. Sitting height to height SDS was increased in subjects with ISS, GHD, and SGA (all P < 0.01).
    Conclusions: Height <-3 SDS after 3 years of age usually results from a pathological cause and should be thoroughly investigated in specialized health care. The chance of finding a specific etiology increased with the severity of short stature, and the mismatch with target height.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Body Height ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Databases, Factual ; Dwarfism/epidemiology ; Dwarfism/etiology ; Female ; Finland/epidemiology ; Growth Charts ; Growth Disorders/epidemiology ; Growth Disorders/etiology ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Syndrome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-23
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1183856-5
    ISSN 1479-683X ; 0804-4643
    ISSN (online) 1479-683X
    ISSN 0804-4643
    DOI 10.1530/EJE-20-0313
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  9. Article ; Online: The aetiology of extreme tall stature in a screened Finnish paediatric population.

    Kärkinen, Juho / Sorakunnas, Eero / Miettinen, Päivi J / Raivio, Taneli / Hero, Matti

    EClinicalMedicine

    2021  Volume 42, Page(s) 101208

    Abstract: Background: Extremely tall children (defined as height SDS (HSDS) ≥+3) are frequently referred to specialized healthcare for diagnostic work-up. However, no systematic studies focusing on such children currently exist. We investigated the aetiology, ... ...

    Abstract Background: Extremely tall children (defined as height SDS (HSDS) ≥+3) are frequently referred to specialized healthcare for diagnostic work-up. However, no systematic studies focusing on such children currently exist. We investigated the aetiology, clinical features, and auxological clues indicative of syndromic tall stature in extremely tall children subject to population-wide growth monitoring and screening rules.
    Methods: Subjects with HSDS ≥+3 after three years of age born between 1990 and 2010 were identified from the Helsinki University Hospital district growth database. We comprehensively reviewed their medical records up to December 2020 and recorded underlying diagnoses, auxological data, and clinical features.
    Findings: We identified 424 subjects (214 girls and 210 boys) who fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Underlying growth disorder was diagnosed in 61 (14%) patients, in 36 (17%) girls and 25 (12%) boys, respectively (P=0•15). Secondary causes were diagnosed in 42 (10%) patients and the two most frequent secondary diagnoses, premature adrenarche, and central precocious puberty were more frequent in girls. Primary disorder, mainly Marfan or Sotos syndrome, was diagnosed in 19 (4%) patients. Molecular genetic studies were used as a part of diagnostic work-up in 120 subjects. However, array CGH or next-generation sequencing studies were seldom used. Idiopathic tall stature (ITS) was diagnosed in 363 (86%) subjects, and it was considered familial in two-thirds. Dysmorphic features or a neurodevelopmental disorder were recorded in 104 (29%) children with ITS. The probability of a monogenic primary growth disorder increased with the degree of tall stature and deviation from target height.
    Interpretation: A considerable proportion of extremely tall children have an underlying primary or secondary growth disorder, and their risk is associated with auxological parameters. Clinical features related to syndromic tall stature were surprisingly frequent in subjects with ITS, supporting the view that syndromic growth disorders with mild phenotypes may be underdiagnosed in extremely tall children. Our results lend support to comprehensive diagnostic work-up of extremely tall children.
    Funding: Päivikki and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation, Foundation for Pediatric Research, and Helsinki University Hospital research grants.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-11-20
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-5370
    ISSN (online) 2589-5370
    DOI 10.1016/j.eclinm.2021.101208
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  10. Article ; Online: Circulating miR-30b levels increase during male puberty.

    Varimo, Tero / Wang, Yafei / Miettinen, Päivi J / Vaaralahti, Kirsi / Hero, Matti / Raivio, Taneli

    European journal of endocrinology

    2021  Volume 184, Issue 5, Page(s) K11–K14

    Abstract: Objective: The role of miRNA as endocrine regulators is emerging, and microRNA mir-30b has been reported to repress Mkrn3. However, the expression of miR-30b during male puberty has not been studied.: Design and methods: Circulating relative miR-30b ... ...

    Abstract Objective: The role of miRNA as endocrine regulators is emerging, and microRNA mir-30b has been reported to repress Mkrn3. However, the expression of miR-30b during male puberty has not been studied.
    Design and methods: Circulating relative miR-30b expression was assessed in sera of 26 boys with constitutional delay of growth and puberty (CDGP), treated with low-dose testosterone (T) (n =11) or aromatase inhibitor letrozole (Lz) (n =15) for 6 months and followed up to 12 months (NCT01797718). The associations between the relative expression of miR-30b and hormonal markers of puberty were evaluated.
    Results: During the 12 months of the study, circulating miR-30b expression increased 2.4 ± 2.5 (s.d.) fold (P = 0.008) in all boys, but this change did not correlate with corresponding changes in LH, testosterone, inhibin B, FSH, or testicular volume (P = 0.25-0.96). Lz-induced activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis was associated with more variable miR-30b responses at 3 months (P < 0.05), whereas those treated with T exhibited significant changes in relative miR-30b levels in the course the study (P < 0.01-0.05).
    Conclusions: Circulating miR-30b expression in boys with CDGP increases in the course of puberty, and appears to be related to the activity of the HPG axis.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Gonads/drug effects ; Gonads/metabolism ; Gonads/physiology ; Growth Disorders/blood ; Growth Disorders/complications ; Growth Disorders/drug therapy ; Hormone Replacement Therapy ; Humans ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/drug effects ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/metabolism ; Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System/physiology ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Letrozole/administration & dosage ; Letrozole/pharmacology ; Longitudinal Studies ; Male ; MicroRNAs/blood ; Puberty/blood ; Puberty/drug effects ; Puberty/genetics ; Puberty, Delayed/blood ; Puberty, Delayed/complications ; Puberty, Delayed/drug therapy ; Testosterone/administration & dosage ; Testosterone/pharmacology ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics
    Chemical Substances MIRN30b microRNA, human ; MicroRNAs ; Testosterone (3XMK78S47O) ; Letrozole (7LKK855W8I) ; MKRN3 protein, human (EC 2.3.2.27) ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
    ZDB-ID 1183856-5
    ISSN 1479-683X ; 0804-4643
    ISSN (online) 1479-683X
    ISSN 0804-4643
    DOI 10.1530/EJE-20-1307
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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