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  1. Article ; Online: Hippocampus-to-amygdala pathway drives the separation of remote memories of related events.

    Concina, Giulia / Milano, Luisella / Renna, Annamaria / Manassero, Eugenio / Stabile, Francesca / Sacchetti, Benedetto

    Cell reports

    2024  Volume 43, Issue 5, Page(s) 114151

    Abstract: The mammalian brain can store and retrieve memories of related events as distinct memories and remember common features of those experiences. How it computes this function remains elusive. Here, we show in rats that recent memories of two closely timed ... ...

    Abstract The mammalian brain can store and retrieve memories of related events as distinct memories and remember common features of those experiences. How it computes this function remains elusive. Here, we show in rats that recent memories of two closely timed auditory fear events share overlapping neuronal ensembles in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) and are functionally linked. However, remote memories have reduced neuronal overlap and are functionally independent. The activity of parvalbumin (PV)-expressing neurons in the BLA plays a crucial role in forming separate remote memories. Chemogenetic blockade of PV preserves individual remote memories but prevents their segregation, resulting in reciprocal associations. The hippocampus drives this process through specific excitatory connections with BLA GABAergic interneurons. These findings provide insights into the neuronal mechanisms that minimize the overlap between distinct remote memories and enable the retrieval of related memories separately.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2649101-1
    ISSN 2211-1247 ; 2211-1247
    ISSN (online) 2211-1247
    ISSN 2211-1247
    DOI 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.114151
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Prior fear learning enables the rapid assimilation of new fear memories directly into cortical networks.

    Concina, Giulia / Renna, Annamaria / Milano, Luisella / Sacchetti, Benedetto

    PLoS biology

    2022  Volume 20, Issue 9, Page(s) e3001789

    Abstract: Long-term memory formation involves the reorganization of brain circuits, termed system consolidation. Whether and how a prior fear experience influences system consolidation of new memories is poorly understood. In rats, we found that prior auditory ... ...

    Abstract Long-term memory formation involves the reorganization of brain circuits, termed system consolidation. Whether and how a prior fear experience influences system consolidation of new memories is poorly understood. In rats, we found that prior auditory fear learning allows the secondary auditory cortex to immediately encode new auditory memories, with these new memories purely requiring the activation of cellular mechanisms of synaptic consolidation within secondary auditory cortex. Similar results were obtained in the anterior cingulate cortex for contextual fear memories. Moreover, prior learning enabled connections from these cortices to the basolateral amygdala (BLA) to support recent memory retention. We propose that the reorganization of circuits that characterizes system consolidation occurs only in the first instance that an event is learned, subsequently allowing the immediate assimilation of new analogous events in final storage sites.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Auditory Cortex/physiology ; Basolateral Nuclear Complex/physiology ; Fear/physiology ; Learning/physiology ; Memory/physiology ; Rats
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-09-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2126776-5
    ISSN 1545-7885 ; 1544-9173
    ISSN (online) 1545-7885
    ISSN 1544-9173
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pbio.3001789
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 6193: Show issues Location:
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  3. Article ; Online: Expression of IGF-2 Receptor in the Auditory Cortex Improves the Precision of Recent Fear Memories and Maintains Detailed Remote Fear Memories Over Time.

    Concina, Giulia / Renna, Annamaria / Milano, Luisella / Manassero, Eugenio / Stabile, Francesca / Sacchetti, Benedetto

    Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

    2021  Volume 31, Issue 12, Page(s) 5381–5395

    Abstract: Traumatic memories may become less precise over time and lead to the development of fear responses to novel stimuli, a process referred to as time-dependent fear generalization. The conditions that cause the growth of fear generalization over time are ... ...

    Abstract Traumatic memories may become less precise over time and lead to the development of fear responses to novel stimuli, a process referred to as time-dependent fear generalization. The conditions that cause the growth of fear generalization over time are poorly understood. Here, we found that, in male rats, the level of discrimination at the early time point contributes to determining whether fear generalization will develop with the passage of time or not, suggesting a link between the precision of recent memory and the stability of remote engrams. We also found that the expression of insulin-like growth factor 2 receptor in layer 2/3 of the auditory cortex is linked to the precision of recent memories and to the stability of remote engrams and the development of fear generalization over time. These findings provide new insights on the neural mechanisms that underlie the time-dependent development of fear generalization that may occur over time after a traumatic event.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Auditory Cortex/physiology ; Fear/physiology ; Male ; Memory/physiology ; Memory, Long-Term ; Rats ; Receptor, IGF Type 2
    Chemical Substances Receptor, IGF Type 2
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1077450-6
    ISSN 1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
    ISSN (online) 1460-2199
    ISSN 1047-3211
    DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhab165
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3235: Show issues Location:
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    Jg. 1995 - 2021: Lesesall (2.OG)
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  4. Article ; Online: Lateral and Basal Amygdala Account for Opposite Behavioral Responses during the Long-Term Expression of Fearful Memories.

    Manassero, Eugenio / Renna, Annamaria / Milano, Luisella / Sacchetti, Benedetto

    Scientific reports

    2018  Volume 8, Issue 1, Page(s) 518

    Abstract: Memories of fearful events can be maintained throughout the lifetime of animals. Here we showed that lesions of the lateral nucleus (LA) performed shortly after training impaired the retention of long-term memories, assessed by the concomitant ... ...

    Abstract Memories of fearful events can be maintained throughout the lifetime of animals. Here we showed that lesions of the lateral nucleus (LA) performed shortly after training impaired the retention of long-term memories, assessed by the concomitant measurement of two dissociable defensive responses, freezing and avoidance in rats. Strikingly, when LA lesions were performed four weeks after training, rats did not show freezing to a learned threat stimulus, but they were able to direct their responses away from it. Similar results were found when the central nucleus (CeA) was lesioned four weeks after training, whereas lesions of the basal nucleus (BA) suppressed avoidance without affecting freezing. LA and BA receive parallel inputs from the auditory cortex, and optogenetic inhibition of these terminals hampered both freezing and avoidance. We therefore propose that, at variance with the traditional serial flow of information model, long-term fearful memories recruit two parallel circuits in the amygdala, one relying on the LA-to-CeA pathway and the other relying solely on BA, which operate independently and mediate distinct defensive responses.
    MeSH term(s) Acoustic Stimulation ; Animals ; Avoidance Learning/physiology ; Basolateral Nuclear Complex/metabolism ; Basolateral Nuclear Complex/pathology ; Behavior, Animal ; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus/metabolism ; Central Amygdaloid Nucleus/pathology ; Fear/physiology ; Halorhodopsins/genetics ; Halorhodopsins/metabolism ; Male ; Memory/physiology ; Microscopy, Confocal ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
    Chemical Substances Halorhodopsins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-11
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-017-19074-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: Reversible Inactivation of the Higher Order Auditory Cortex during Fear Memory Consolidation Prevents Memory-Related Activity in the Basolateral Amygdala during Remote Memory Retrieval.

    Cambiaghi, Marco / Renna, Annamaria / Milano, Luisella / Sacchetti, Benedetto

    Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience

    2017  Volume 11, Page(s) 138

    Abstract: Recent findings have shown that the auditory cortex, and specifically the higher order Te2 area, is necessary for the consolidation of long-term fearful memories and that it interacts with the amygdala during the retrieval of long-term fearful memories. ... ...

    Abstract Recent findings have shown that the auditory cortex, and specifically the higher order Te2 area, is necessary for the consolidation of long-term fearful memories and that it interacts with the amygdala during the retrieval of long-term fearful memories. Here, we tested whether the reversible blockade of Te2 during memory consolidation may affect the activity changes occurring in the amygdala during the retrieval of fearful memories. To address this issue, we blocked Te2 in a reversible manner during memory consolidation processes. After 4 weeks, we assessed the activity of Te2 and individual nuclei of the amygdala during the retrieval of long-term memories. Rats in which Te2 was inactivated upon memory encoding showed a decreased freezing and failed to show Te2-to-basolateral amygdala (BLA) synchrony during memory retrieval. In addition, the expression of the immediate early gene zif268 in the lateral, basal and central amygdala nuclei did not show memory-related enhancement. As all sites were intact upon memory retrieval, we propose that the auditory cortex represents a key node in the consolidation of fear memories and it is essential for amygdala nuclei to support memory retrieval process.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-07-25
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2452960-6
    ISSN 1662-5153
    ISSN 1662-5153
    DOI 10.3389/fnbeh.2017.00138
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil: Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Distribution from Topical Formulations with a Solvent-Free Analytical Method.

    Capetti, Francesca / Sgorbini, Barbara / Cagliero, Cecilia / Argenziano, Monica / Cavalli, Roberta / Milano, Luisella / Bicchi, Carlo / Rubiolo, Patrizia

    Planta medica

    2020  Volume 86, Issue 6, Page(s) 442–450

    Abstract: Melaleuca ... ...

    Abstract Melaleuca alternifolia
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Melaleuca ; Oils, Volatile ; Solvents ; Swine ; Tea Tree Oil ; Terpenes
    Chemical Substances Oils, Volatile ; Solvents ; Terpenes ; Tea Tree Oil (68647-73-4)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-25
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 123545-x
    ISSN 1439-0221 ; 0032-0943
    ISSN (online) 1439-0221
    ISSN 0032-0943
    DOI 10.1055/a-1115-4848
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Uf I Zs.157: Show issues Location:
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  7. Article ; Online: Region- and Layer-Specific Activation of the Higher Order Auditory Cortex Te2 after Remote Retrieval of Fear or Appetitive Memories.

    Grosso, Anna / Cambiaghi, Marco / Milano, Luisella / Renna, Annamaria / Sacco, Tiziana / Sacchetti, Benedetto

    Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

    2017  Volume 27, Issue 6, Page(s) 3140–3151

    Abstract: The auditory cortex is involved in encoding sounds which have acquired an emotional-motivational charge. However, the neural circuitry engaged by emotional memory processes in the auditory cortex is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the ... ...

    Abstract The auditory cortex is involved in encoding sounds which have acquired an emotional-motivational charge. However, the neural circuitry engaged by emotional memory processes in the auditory cortex is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated the layers and regions that are recruited in the higher order auditory cortex Te2 by a tone previously paired to either fear or appetitive stimuli in rats. By tracking the protein coded by the immediate early gene zif268, we found that fear memory retrieval engages layers II-III in most regions of Te2. These results were neither due to an enhanced fear state nor to fear-evoked motor responses, as they were absent in animals retrieving an olfactory fear memory. These layers were also activated by appetitive auditory memory retrieval. Strikingly, layer IV was recruited by fear, but not appetitive memories, whereas layer V activity was related to the behavioral responses displayed to the CS. In addition to revealing the layers and regions that are recruited in the Te2 by either fear or appetitive remote memories, our study also shows that the neural circuitry within the Te2 that processes and stores emotional memories varies on the basis of the affective motivational charge of tones.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-06-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1077450-6
    ISSN 1460-2199 ; 1047-3211
    ISSN (online) 1460-2199
    ISSN 1047-3211
    DOI 10.1093/cercor/bhw159
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

    Zs.A 3235: Show issues Location:
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  8. Article: Melaleuca alternifolia Essential Oil: Evaluation of Skin Permeation and Distribution from Topical Formulations with a Solvent-Free Analytical Method

    Capetti, Francesca / Sgorbini, Barbara / Cagliero, Cecilia / Argenziano, Monica / Cavalli, Roberta / Milano, Luisella / Bicchi, Carlo / Rubiolo, Patrizia

    Planta Medica

    2020  Volume 86, Issue 06, Page(s) 442–450

    Abstract: Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (tea tree oil) is widely used as an ingredient in skin care products because of its recognized biological activities. The European Scientific Committee on Consumer Products constantly promotes research and collection ... ...

    Abstract Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (tea tree oil) is widely used as an ingredient in skin care products because of its recognized biological activities. The European Scientific Committee on Consumer Products constantly promotes research and collection of data on both skin distribution and systemic exposure to tea tree oil components after the application of topical formulations. This study quantitatively evaluates permeation, skin layer distribution ( stratum corneum, epidermis, and dermis), and release into the surrounding environment of bioactive tea tree oil markers (i.e., α -pinene, β -pinene, α -terpinene, 1,8-cineole, γ -terpinene, 4-terpineol, α -terpineol) when a 5% tea tree oil formulation is applied at a finite dosing regimen. Permeation kinetics were studied in vitro on pig ear skin using conventional static glass Franz diffusion cells and cells ad hoc modified to monitor the release of markers into the atmosphere. Formulation, receiving phases, and skin layers were analyzed using a fully automatic and solvent-free method based on headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. This approach affords, for the first time, to quantify tea tree oil markers in the different skin layers while avoiding using solvents and overcoming the existing methods based on solvent extraction. The skin layers contained less than 1% of each tea tree oil marker in total. Only oxygenated terpenes significantly permeated across the skin, while hydrocarbons were only absorbed at trace level. Substantial amounts of markers were released into the atmosphere.
    Keywords Mirtaceae ; tea tree oil ; headspace solid phase microextraction ; GC-MS ; permeation kinetics ; skin layer distribution
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-25
    Publisher Georg Thieme Verlag KG
    Publishing place Stuttgart ; New York
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 123545-x
    ISSN 1439-0221 ; 0032-0943
    ISSN (online) 1439-0221
    ISSN 0032-0943
    DOI 10.1055/a-1115-4848
    Database Thieme publisher's database

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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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  9. Article ; Online: The higher order auditory cortex is involved in the assignment of affective value to sensory stimuli.

    Grosso, Anna / Cambiaghi, Marco / Renna, Annamaria / Milano, Luisella / Roberto Merlo, Giorgio / Sacco, Tiziana / Sacchetti, Benedetto

    Nature communications

    2015  Volume 6, Page(s) 8886

    Abstract: The sensory cortex participates in emotional memory but its role is poorly understood. Here we show that inactivation of the higher order auditory cortex Te2 in rats during early memory consolidation impairs remote first- and second-order fear memories ... ...

    Abstract The sensory cortex participates in emotional memory but its role is poorly understood. Here we show that inactivation of the higher order auditory cortex Te2 in rats during early memory consolidation impairs remote first- and second-order fear memories but not the association between two neutral cues. Furthermore, Te2 inactivation prevents changes in the valence of such information. Following the presentation of two auditory cues previously paired with either pleasant or painful stimuli, a large percentage of cells responds to both experiences but also a small fraction of neurons responds exclusively to one of them. The latter type of neurons signals the valence rather than the salience or the motor responses associated with the stimuli, and reflects selective associative processes. Pharmacogenetic silencing of memory-activated neurons causes amnesia. Thus, Te2 represents a crucial node for the assignment of the affective value to sensory stimuli and for the storage of such information.
    MeSH term(s) Acoustic Stimulation ; Amnesia/physiopathology ; Amnesia/psychology ; Animals ; Auditory Cortex/physiology ; Emotions ; Fear ; Humans ; Male ; Memory ; Neurons/physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-12-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2553671-0
    ISSN 2041-1723 ; 2041-1723
    ISSN (online) 2041-1723
    ISSN 2041-1723
    DOI 10.1038/ncomms9886
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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