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  1. Article ; Online: Systematic and mechanistic analysis of AuNP-induced nanotoxicity for risk assessment of nanomedicine

    Euiyeon Lee / Minhyeong Lee / San Kwon / Jongpil Kim / Youngeun Kwon

    Nano Convergence, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2022  Volume 16

    Abstract: Abstract For decades, nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely implemented in various biomedical fields due to their unique optical, thermal, and tunable properties. Particularly, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have opened new frontiers in sensing, targeted drug ...

    Abstract Abstract For decades, nanoparticles (NPs) have been widely implemented in various biomedical fields due to their unique optical, thermal, and tunable properties. Particularly, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have opened new frontiers in sensing, targeted drug delivery, imaging, and photodynamic therapy, showing promising results for the treatment of various intractable diseases that affect quality of life and longevity. Despite the tremendous achievements of AuNPs-based approaches in biomedical applications, few AuNP-based nanomedicines have been evaluated in clinical trials, which is likely due to a shortage of understanding of the biological and pathological effects of AuNPs. The biological fate of AuNPs is tightly related to a variety of physicochemical parameters including size, shape, chemical structure of ligands, charge, and protein corona, and therefore evaluating the effects of these parameters on specific biological interactions is a major ongoing challenge. Therefore, this review focuses on ongoing nanotoxicology studies that aim to characterize the effect of various AuNP characteristics on AuNP-induced toxicity. Specifically, we focus on understanding how each parameter alters the specific biological interactions of AuNPs via mechanistic analysis of nano-bio interactions. We also discuss different cellular functions affected by AuNP treatment (e.g., cell motility, ROS generation, interaction with DNA, and immune response) to understand their potential human health risks. The information discussed herein could contribute to the safe usage of nanomedicine by providing a basis for appropriate risk assessment and for the development of nano-QSAR models.
    Keywords Gold nanoparticles ; Mechanism of nanotoxicity ; Physicochemical parameters ; Nano-bio interaction ; Nanomedicine ; Risk assessment ; Technology ; T ; Chemical technology ; TP1-1185 ; Biotechnology ; TP248.13-248.65 ; Science ; Q ; Physics ; QC1-999
    Subject code 500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SpringerOpen
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: AHR rs4410790 genotype and IgG levels

    Jaewon Khil / Soyoun Kim / Minhyeong Lee / Hyeonmin Gil / Seok-Seong Kang / Dong Hoon Lee / Youngeun Kwon / NaNa Keum

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss 10, p e

    Effect modification by lifestyle factors.

    2023  Volume 0290700

    Abstract: Inflammation is a multifaceted marker resulting from complex interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors. Emerging evidence suggests Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) protein may be implicated in the regulation of immune system and inflammatory ... ...

    Abstract Inflammation is a multifaceted marker resulting from complex interactions between genetic and lifestyle factors. Emerging evidence suggests Aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) protein may be implicated in the regulation of immune system and inflammatory responses. To investigate whether rs4410790 genotype (TT, TC, CC) near AHR gene is related to serum IgG levels, a marker of chronic inflammation, and whether lifestyle factors modifies the relationship, we conducted a cross-sectional study by recruiting 168 Korean adults. Participants responded to a lifestyle questionnaire and provided oral epithelial cells and blood samples for biomarker assessment. Among these participants, C allele was the minor allele, with the minor allele frequency of 40%. The rs4410790 TT genotype was significantly associated with elevated IgG levels compared with TC/CC genotypes, after adjusting for potential confounders (p = 0.04). The relationship varied significantly by levels of alcohol consumption (P interaction = 0.046) and overweight/obese status (P interaction = 0.02), but not by smoking status (P interaction = 0.64) and coffee consumption (P interaction = 0.55). Specifically, higher IgG levels associated with the TT genotype were evident in frequent drinkers and individuals with BMI≥23kg/m2, but not in their counterparts. Thus, rs4410790 genotype may be associated with IgG levels and the genetic predisposition to higher IgG levels may be mitigated by healthy lifestyle factors like infrequent drinking and healthy weight.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: AHR rs4410790 genotype and IgG levels

    Jaewon Khil / Soyoun Kim / Minhyeong Lee / Hyeonmin Gil / Seok-Seong Kang / Dong Hoon Lee / Youngeun Kwon / NaNa Keum

    PLoS ONE, Vol 18, Iss

    Effect modification by lifestyle factors

    2023  Volume 10

    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Public Library of Science (PLoS)
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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    Inter-library loan at ZB MED

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  4. Article ; Online: Rapid Screening of Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) Effectors Using Cortisol-Detecting Sensor Cells

    Jeahee Ryu / Euiyeon Lee / Chungwon Kang / Minhyeong Lee / Soyoun Kim / Seungil Park / Dae Yeon Lee / Youngeun Kwon

    International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol 22, Iss 4747, p

    2021  Volume 4747

    Abstract: Cortisol, a stress hormone, plays key roles in mediating stress and anti-inflammatory responses. As abnormal cortisol levels can induce various adverse effects, screening cortisol and cortisol analogues is important for monitoring stress levels and for ... ...

    Abstract Cortisol, a stress hormone, plays key roles in mediating stress and anti-inflammatory responses. As abnormal cortisol levels can induce various adverse effects, screening cortisol and cortisol analogues is important for monitoring stress levels and for identifying drug candidates. A novel cell-based sensing system was adopted for rapid screening of cortisol and its functional analogues under complex cellular regulation. We used glucocorticoid receptor (GR) fused to a split intein which reconstituted with the counterpart to trigger conditional protein splicing (CPS) in the presence of targets. CPS generates functional signal peptides which promptly translocate the fluorescent cargo. The sensor cells exhibited exceptional performance in discriminating between the functional and structural analogues of cortisol with improved sensitivity. Essential oil extracts with stress relief activity were screened using the sensor cells to identify GR effectors. The sensor cells responded to peppermint oil, and L-limonene and L-menthol were identified as potential GR effectors from the major components of peppermint oil. Further analysis indicated L-limonene as a selective GR agonist (SEGRA) which is a potential anti-inflammatory agent as it attenuates proinflammatory responses without causing notable adverse effects of GR agonists.
    Keywords cortisol ; glucocorticoid receptor (GR) ; GR effector ; selective GR agonist ; cell-based sensor ; signal peptide reconstitution ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 571
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-04-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Molecular origin of AuNPs-induced cytotoxicity and mechanistic study

    Euiyeon Lee / Hyunjin Jeon / Minhyeong Lee / Jeahee Ryu / Chungwon Kang / Soyoun Kim / Junghyun Jung / Youngeun Kwon

    Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    2019  Volume 13

    Abstract: Abstract Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with diverse physicochemical properties are reported to affect biological systems differently, but the relationship between the physicochemical properties of AuNPs and their biological effects is not clearly understood. ...

    Abstract Abstract Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with diverse physicochemical properties are reported to affect biological systems differently, but the relationship between the physicochemical properties of AuNPs and their biological effects is not clearly understood. Here, we aimed to elucidate the molecular origins of AuNP-induced cytotoxicity and their mechanisms, focusing on the surface charge and structural properties of modified AuNPs. We prepared a library of well-tailored AuNPs exhibiting various functional groups and surface charges. Through this work, we revealed that the direction or the magnitude of surface charge is not an exclusive factor that determines the cytotoxicity of AuNPs. We, instead, suggested that toxic AuNPs share a common structural characteristics of a hydrophobic moiety neighbouring the positive charge, which can induce lytic interaction with plasma membrane. Mechanistic study showed that the toxic AuNPs interfered with the formation of cytoskeletal structure to slow cell migration, inhibited DNA replication and caused DNA damage via oxidative stress to hinder cell proliferation. Gene expression analysis showed that the toxic AuNPs down-regulated genes associated with cell cycle processes. We discovered structural characteristics that define the cytotoxic AuNPs and suggested the mechanisms of their cytotoxicity. These findings will help us to understand and to predict the biological effects of modified AuNPs based on their physicochemical properties.
    Keywords Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
    Subject code 500
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Nature Portfolio
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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