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Article ; Online: Drying‐off dairy cows without antibiotic therapy and orally supplemented with lyophilized Aloe arborescens: effects on rumen activity, immunometabolic profile, and milk yield

Cattaneo, Luca / Piccioli‐Cappelli, Fiorenzo / Minuti, Andrea / Trevisi, Erminio

Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition. 2023 May, v. 107, no. 3 p.794-807

2023

Abstract: The drying‐off is a stressful stage of the lactation cycle of dairy cows that deeply affects cows' metabolism, inflammatory status, and immune system. The promising effects observed during the transition period resulting from supplementation with Aloe ... ...

Abstract	The drying‐off is a stressful stage of the lactation cycle of dairy cows that deeply affects cows' metabolism, inflammatory status, and immune system. The promising effects observed during the transition period resulting from supplementation with Aloe arborescens Mill. suggest its potential utility during this phase. A group of 23 Holstein dairy cows with somatic cell count (SCC) less than 200 × 10³ cells/ml and without intramammary infections were enroled in the study. Cows were divided into two groups: one orally receiving 10 g/day of A. arborescens Mill. lyophilized powder (AL; 11 cows) between −7 and 7 days from dry‐off (DFD), and a control group (CTR; 12 cows). From −14 to 7 DFD and 7 and 28 days from calving, the body condition score and rectal temperature were determined, and rumen fluid, feces, milk, and blood samples were collected. Daily rumination times and milk yield were recorded. Data were analyzed through repeated measures mixed models. Compared to the CTR group, AL cows tended to show reduced production of volatile fatty acids in the rumen with acetate proportion that tended to be higher and valerate proportion that was lower. Moreover, Aloe supplementation caused a reduction in fecal dry matter. At the end of drying‐off, AL cows presented better liver function, as suggested by higher paraoxonase plasma concentrations at 7 DFD, higher glucose, and lower urea, but showed increased reactive oxygen metabolites. Aloe supplementation at dry‐off ameliorated inflammatory status after calving (lower haptoglobin and ceruloplasmin levels), and improved milk yield in the first weeks of subsequent lactation, without influencing milk composition, SCC, and incidence of intramammary infections. These results confirmed the positive effects of Aloe administration on liver function in dairy cows but indicate the need for further studies investigating the effects of Aloe on rumen fermentation profile and oxidative status.
Keywords	Aloe arborescens ; Holstein ; acetates ; animal nutrition ; antibiotics ; aryldialkylphosphatase ; blood ; body condition ; body temperature ; feces ; fermentation ; ferroxidase ; freeze drying ; glucose ; haptoglobins ; immune system ; lactation ; liver function ; milk ; milk composition ; milk yield ; reactive oxygen species ; rumination ; somatic cell count ; therapeutics ; urea
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-05
Size	p. 794-807.
Publishing place	John Wiley & Sons, Ltd
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	JOURNAL ARTICLE
ZDB-ID	232729-6
ISSN	0931-2439
ISSN	0931-2439
DOI	10.1111/jpn.13777
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Effects of an Intravenous Infusion of Emulsified Fish Oil Rich in Long-Chained Omega-3 Fatty Acids on Plasma Total Fatty Acids Profile, Metabolic Conditions, and Performances of Postpartum Dairy Cows During the Early Lactation.

Mezzetti, Matteo / Piccioli-Cappelli, Fiorenzo / Minuti, Andrea / Trevisi, Erminio

Frontiers in veterinary science

2022 Volume 9, Page(s) 870901

Abstract: A group of 10 multiparous Italian Holstein cows were housed in individual tied stalls and infused with 150 ml of saline (CTR; 5 cows), or of 10% solution rich in long-chained omega-3 fatty acids (n3FA; 5 cows) at 12, 24, and 48 h after calving. From -7 ... ...

Abstract	A group of 10 multiparous Italian Holstein cows were housed in individual tied stalls and infused with 150 ml of saline (CTR; 5 cows), or of 10% solution rich in long-chained omega-3 fatty acids (n3FA; 5 cows) at 12, 24, and 48 h after calving. From -7 to 21 days from calving (DFC), the body condition score, body weight, dry matter intake (DMI), and milk yield were measured, blood samples were collected to assess the plasma fatty acids (FA) and metabolic profiles, and milk samples were collected to assess the milk composition. Data underwent a mixed model for repeated measurements, including the treatment and time and their interactions as fixed effects. Plasma FA profile from n3FA cows had lower myristic and higher myristoleic proportions, higher
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2834243-4
ISSN	2297-1769
ISSN	2297-1769
DOI	10.3389/fvets.2022.870901
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Article ; Online: Drying-off dairy cows without antibiotic therapy and orally supplemented with lyophilized Aloe arborescens: effects on rumen activity, immunometabolic profile, and milk yield.

Cattaneo, Luca / Piccioli-Cappelli, Fiorenzo / Minuti, Andrea / Trevisi, Erminio

Journal of animal physiology and animal nutrition

2022 Volume 107, Issue 3, Page(s) 794–807

Abstract: The drying-off is a stressful stage of the lactation cycle of dairy cows that deeply affects cows' metabolism, inflammatory status, and immune system. The promising effects observed during the transition period resulting from supplementation with Aloe ... ...

Abstract	The drying-off is a stressful stage of the lactation cycle of dairy cows that deeply affects cows' metabolism, inflammatory status, and immune system. The promising effects observed during the transition period resulting from supplementation with Aloe arborescens Mill. suggest its potential utility during this phase. A group of 23 Holstein dairy cows with somatic cell count (SCC) less than 200 × 10
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Cattle ; Animals ; Milk/metabolism ; Aloe ; Diet/veterinary ; Rumen/metabolism ; Dietary Supplements ; Lactation ; Anti-Bacterial Agents
Chemical Substances	Anti-Bacterial Agents
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-10-14
Publishing country	Germany
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	232729-6
ISSN	1439-0396 ; 0044-3565 ; 0931-2439
ISSN (online)	1439-0396
ISSN	0044-3565 ; 0931-2439
DOI	10.1111/jpn.13777
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Whole cottonseed inclusion in starter feeds improves performance, inflammometabolic profile, and rumination behavior in Holstein dairy calves.

Amato, Annalisa / Minuti, Andrea / Liotta, Luigi / Cattaneo, Luca / Sfulcini, Marta / Trevisi, Erminio / Lopreiato, Vincenzo

JDS communications

2023 Volume 4, Issue 5, Page(s) 422–427

Abstract: The high energy, protein, and fiber contents of whole cottonseed make it a potential candidate for the inclusion in calf starters to promote the rumen development. This study aimed at assessing whether the inclusion of whole cottonseed in the starter ... ...

Abstract	The high energy, protein, and fiber contents of whole cottonseed make it a potential candidate for the inclusion in calf starters to promote the rumen development. This study aimed at assessing whether the inclusion of whole cottonseed in the starter would affect performance, metabolic profile, and rumination time in Holstein dairy calves. From 2 to 55 d of age, 12 heifer calves were fed a constant amount of milk replacer twice daily (8 L/d), whereas from 56 to 65 d (weaning) milk replacer was gradually reduced (from 4 to 1 L/d) and fed in a single meal. Calves were blocked by birth body weight and % Brix of colostrum received and randomly assigned to 1 out of 2 dietary treatments: (1) control starter (CTR); (2) starter with 8% inclusion of whole cottonseed (WCS). Treatments were fed for ad libitum intake. From d 56, TMR and hay were offered ad libitum. At 0, 2, 7, 21, 65, and 80 d, BW was measured and blood samples were collected. Feed intake and rumination time were automatically recorded. Compared with CTR, WCS calves were heavier at weaning and after weaning, and consumed more starter from 59 to 72 d. In the immediate postweaning (from 66 to 72 d of age), rumination time increased more in WCS calves. Overall, WCS calves had greater plasma glucose, β-carotene, and retinol concentrations, whereas ceruloplasmin and myeloperoxidase were lower. Calves in the WCS group had greater glucose concentration at 21 and 65 d and lower urea at 65 d (weaning). Plasma β-carotene concentration was greater at 65 and 80 d in calves of the WCS group compared with CTR calves. At 80 d, WCS calves had lower plasma alkaline phosphatase and greater β-hydroxybutyrate, paraoxonase, and tocopherol. These results suggest that inclusion of WCS in the calf starter might be beneficial for rumen development, leading to greater feed intake and BW. Moreover, WCS inclusion was associated with lower oxidative stress and inflammation, improved energy metabolism and liver functionality, and likely quicker rumen development, as might be indicated by the higher plasma β-hydroxybutyrate and rumination time. These changes occurred mainly after weaning, when no differences in starter intake and average daily gain were detected, suggesting a better efficiency of nutrient utilization at this age.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2666-9102
ISSN (online)	2666-9102
DOI	10.3168/jdsc.2022-0368
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Article ; Online: Structural and functional analysis of the active cow rumen's microbial community provides a catalogue of genes and microbes participating in the deconstruction of cardoon biomass.

Firrincieli, Andrea / Minuti, Andrea / Cappelletti, Martina / Ferilli, Marco / Ajmone-Marsan, Paolo / Bani, Paolo / Petruccioli, Maurizio / Harfouche, Antoine L

Biotechnology for biofuels and bioproducts

2024 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 53

Abstract: Background: Ruminal microbial communities enriched on lignocellulosic biomass have shown considerable promise for the discovery of microorganisms and enzymes involved in digesting cell wall compounds, a key bottleneck in the development of second- ... ...

Abstract	Background: Ruminal microbial communities enriched on lignocellulosic biomass have shown considerable promise for the discovery of microorganisms and enzymes involved in digesting cell wall compounds, a key bottleneck in the development of second-generation biofuels and bioproducts, enabling a circular bioeconomy. Cardoon (Cynara cardunculus) is a promising inedible energy crop for current and future cellulosic biorefineries and the emerging bioenergy and bioproducts industries. The rumen microbiome can be considered an anaerobic "bioreactor", where the resident microbiota carry out the depolymerization and hydrolysis of plant cell wall polysaccharides (PCWPs) through the catalytic action of fibrolytic enzymes. In this context, the rumen microbiota represents a potential source of microbes and fibrolytic enzymes suitable for biofuel production from feedstocks. In this study, metatranscriptomic and 16S rRNA sequencing were used to profile the microbiome and to investigate the genetic features within the microbial community adherent to the fiber fractions of the rumen content and to the residue of cardoon biomass incubated in the rumen of cannulated cows. Results: The metatranscriptome of the cardoon and rumen fibre-adherent microbial communities were dissected in their functional and taxonomic components. From a functional point of view, transcripts involved in the methanogenesis from CO Conclusions: Analysis of 16S rRNA and metatranscriptomic sequencing data revealed that the cow rumen microbiome harbors a repertoire of new enzymes capable of degrading PCWPs. Our results demonstrate the feasibility of using metatranscriptomics of enriched microbial RNA as a potential approach for accelerating the discovery of novel cellulolytic enzymes that could be harnessed for biotechnology. This research contributes a relevant perspective towards degrading cellulosic biomass and providing an economical route to the production of advanced biofuels and high-value bioproducts.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-08
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ISSN	2731-3654
ISSN (online)	2731-3654
DOI	10.1186/s13068-024-02495-4
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Article ; Online: Sustainable Intensification of Cassava Production towards Food Security in the Lomami Province (DR Congo): Role of Planting Method and Landrace

Tabaglio, Vincenzo / Fiorini, Andrea / Ndayisenga, Valènce / Ndereyimana, Andrè / Minuti, Andrea / Nyembo Nyembo, Roger / Nyembo Ngoy, Dieudonnè / Bertoni, Giuseppe

Agronomy. 2023 Jan. 11, v. 13, no. 1

2023

Abstract: Cassava is a mainstay crop for food security in Africa, its tubers being a large source of carbohydrates for the human diet. In some regions (e.g., the Democratic Republic of the Congo; DRC), leaves are also consumed as a source of proteins, vitamins, ... ...

Abstract	Cassava is a mainstay crop for food security in Africa, its tubers being a large source of carbohydrates for the human diet. In some regions (e.g., the Democratic Republic of the Congo; DRC), leaves are also consumed as a source of proteins, vitamins, and minerals. Cassava adapts well to a range of soil-climate conditions and requires low inputs, yet yields are often unsatisfactory because of failures in disseminating improved genotypes and agricultural practices. The aim of this study was to test the effect of (i) seedbed preparation for planting cassava (i.e., flat, mounds, and ridges) and (ii) local landraces (i.e., Kakuanga, Kasongoy, Kasonie, Ndunda, and Ngoymuamba) on yield components and their nutritional quality in the Lomami province (DRC). In-depth measurements of yield components were performed, including the number of tubers and stems per plant, leaf biomass, stem biomass, root yield, and peeling yield. Tubers and leaves were also analyzed for chemical composition. Our results demonstrated that mound and ridge seedbed preparations may highly increase tuber yield (+32–68%) compared with flat. This is not the case for leaves and stems, which were not affected. The Ngoymuamba landrace showed a tuber yield about three times larger than Ndunda, which represented the common productivity values (5–8 Mg ha⁻¹). No effect of seedbed preparation was observed and only minor differences between landraces were observed for the chemical composition of roots and leaves. We concluded that selecting the best-performing seedbed preparations × landraces could have a significant potential for achieving in a relatively short time the goal of “Zero Hunger” and improving the diet in the DRC.
Keywords	agronomy ; biomass ; cassava ; chemical composition ; diet ; food security ; human nutrition ; landraces ; leaves ; nutritive value ; planting ; seedbed preparation ; seedbeds ; Democratic Republic of the Congo
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0111
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2607043-1
ISSN	2073-4395
ISSN	2073-4395
DOI	10.3390/agronomy13010228
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Article ; Online: Effect of a feed additive containing yeast cell walls, clove and coriander essential oils and Hibiscus sabdariffa administered to mid-lactating dairy cows on productive performance, rumen fluid composition and metabolic conditions

Mezzetti, Matteo / Premi, Michele / Minuti, Andrea / Bani, Paolo / Lopreiato, Vincenzo / Trevisi, Erminio

Italian Journal of Animal Science. 2022 Dec. 31, v. 21, no. 1 p.86-96

2022

Abstract: Thirty-six multiparous Holstein mid-lactating cows were housed in 6 pens (6 cows/pen) and allocated in two groups (3 pens/group), receiving a control total mixed ration (CTR), or the same diet supplemented with a feed additive (TRT). Between 15 and 35 ... ...

Abstract	Thirty-six multiparous Holstein mid-lactating cows were housed in 6 pens (6 cows/pen) and allocated in two groups (3 pens/group), receiving a control total mixed ration (CTR), or the same diet supplemented with a feed additive (TRT). Between 15 and 35 days from enrolment (DFE) the dry matter intake (DMI) of each pen, and the individual milk yield (MY), rumination time (RT), the compositions of milk and rumen fluid and the metabolic profile of plasma were monitored regularly. At 35 DFE, cows started a 1-week wash-up period prior to the changeover. Data were analysed with a mixed model using repeated measures. Cows receiving the additive had higher DMI and MY (p < .01), a longer RT between 22 and 29 DFE (p < .05), a higher total VFA concentration and a lower pH in the rumen fluid (p < .01 and p = .04, respectively). At 15 DFE, TRT cows had a higher concentration of lactose in their milk, and lower concentrations of BHB, ceruloplasmin and haptoglobin, paired with higher concentrations of albumin, paraoxonase and aspartate aminotransferase in their plasma (p < .01). These outcomes suggest a positive effect of the additive on increasing DMI and MY, possibly reflecting that it had a combined action on the rumen and the liver.HighlightsThe additive increased feed intake, rumination time and milk yield. It improved rumen fermentations and liver activity, and mitigated ketogenesis and inflammatory conditions. Beneficial actions of the active components on rumen and liver functions could be hypothesised.
Keywords	Coriandrum sativum ; Hibiscus sabdariffa ; Holstein ; albumins ; aryldialkylphosphatase ; aspartate transaminase ; diet ; dry matter intake ; feed additives ; ferroxidase ; haptoglobins ; lactose ; liver ; milk ; milk yield ; pH ; rumination ; statistical models ; yeasts ; Nutraceuticals ; rumen fermentation ; essential oils
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1231
Size	p. 86-96.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2408994-1
ISSN	1828-051X
ISSN	1828-051X
DOI	10.1080/1828051X.2021.2019619
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Article: Effects of Weaning Age on Plasma Biomarkers and Growth Performance in Simmental Calves.

Ferronato, Giulia / Cattaneo, Luca / Trevisi, Erminio / Liotta, Luigi / Minuti, Andrea / Arfuso, Francesca / Lopreiato, Vincenzo

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2022 Volume 12, Issue 9

Abstract: Weaning plays a key role in health status and future performance of calves. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of weaning age (Wa), early (45 d, EW) or conventional (60 d, CW), on growth performance and metabolic profile of ten ... ...

Abstract	Weaning plays a key role in health status and future performance of calves. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of weaning age (Wa), early (45 d, EW) or conventional (60 d, CW), on growth performance and metabolic profile of ten Simmental calves (5 EW and 5 CW calves). Daily intake of milk and calf starter was recorded. Blood samples and measurements of body weight (BW), heart girth (HG), and wither height (WH) were collected at −25, −15, 0, 6, and 20 days relative to weaning. Growth performances (BW, HG, WH) were affected by Wa, resulting lower in EW calves compared with CW calves (p < 0.05). Average daily gain was affected by overall Wa and Time but also by the interaction Wa × Time (p < 0.05). EW calves had lower paraoxonase and higher oxidation protein products levels, lower glucose levels in the post-weaning period, lower Ca and cholesterol levels at 20 d after weaning, and higher GGT activity at −25 d from weaning (p < 0.05). A significant interaction effect between Wa and Time was reached for glucose, Ca, cholesterol. In conclusion, weaning Simmental calves at approximately six weeks of age might not affect inflammatory status and liver functionality after weaning. As secondary outcome, even though the low number of animals could represent a limitation, the average daily gain obtained by Simmental calves weaned at 45 d supported this strategy (despite the lower body weight at weaning and after was due only to the age difference of 15 days). Hence, in order to reduce rearing costs, early weaning for Simmental calves (dual-purpose breed, milk and beef) might not jeopardize calf development, as long as calves can reach body gains as reported in the present study.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-05-02
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12091168
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Article ; Online: Stress and inflammatory response of cows and their calves during peripartum and early neonatal period.

Arfuso, Francesca / Minuti, Andrea / Liotta, Luigi / Giannetto, Claudia / Trevisi, Erminio / Piccione, Giuseppe / Lopreiato, Vincenzo

Theriogenology

2022 Volume 196, Page(s) 157–166

Abstract: Stress, inflammatory response, and their relationship were investigated in Simmental cows during the transition period (N = 8; 5 multiparous and 3 primiparous) and in their calves (N = 8; 5 heifers and 3 bulls). From cows, blood was collected at days -21 ...

Abstract	Stress, inflammatory response, and their relationship were investigated in Simmental cows during the transition period (N = 8; 5 multiparous and 3 primiparous) and in their calves (N = 8; 5 heifers and 3 bulls). From cows, blood was collected at days -21 (±4), 0, +1, +7, and +21 days relative to calving. From calves, blood was collected after birth before colostrum intake (0) and then at 1, 7, and 15 days of age. Cortisol, Interleukin 6 (IL-6) and haptoglobin concentration was assessed by ELISA technique; white blood cells (WBC) were assessed using an ADVIA 2120 Hematology System machine. One-way ANOVA showed an effect of time for all the investigated parameters (P < 0.001) except for lymphocytes in peripartal cows. At calving and 1 d after, cortisol concentration was negatively correlated with levels of IL-6, WBC, and monocytes, whereas levels of IL-6 were positively correlated with WBC, neutrophils, and monocytes count. Cortisol, IL-6, haptoglobin, WBC and all leukocyte populations were affected by the age of neonatal calves (P < 0.001) except for neutrophils. A negative correlation between cortisol and IL-6, neutrophils, monocytes and haptoglobin was found at 15 days of age. A positive correlation between IL-6 and haptoglobin at day 15 of age, and with neutrophils and monocytes at days 7 and 15 of age was found. A positive correlation was obtained between cortisol levels measured in cows around calving and those obtained in calves after birth before colostrum intake (r = 0.83), and between IL-6 concentrations obtained from cows at calving and 1 d after and those obtained in calves at day 1 of age, after the colostrum intake (r = 0.93 and 0.79, respectively). The study suggests that immune function of peripartal cows is in an active state and that, in addition to other well-known factors driving the changes of parameters herein investigated, cortisol could have a role in the immune-modulatory adjustment during peripartum in cows. Furthermore, it can be hypothesized that cortisol is transferred from the cow to newborn calf through the placenta only and not through colostrum, whereas IL-6 levels in calves during the 24 h after birth seem to be influenced by IL-6 values measured in cows around calving due to its transfer through colostrum.
MeSH term(s)	Cattle ; Animals ; Female ; Male ; Interleukin-6
Chemical Substances	Interleukin-6
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-15
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	189232-0
ISSN	1879-3231 ; 0093-691X
ISSN (online)	1879-3231
ISSN	0093-691X
DOI	10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.019
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Article: The Effect of Feeding a Total Mixed Ration with an

Spina, Anna Antonella / Lopreiato, Vincenzo / Britti, Domenico / Minuti, Andrea / Trevisi, Erminio / Tilocca, Bruno / Perri, Alessia / Morittu, Valeria Maria

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of the starter restriction and of ... ...

Abstract	The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of the starter restriction and of the
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-12-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani14010081
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