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  1. Article ; Online: Genotyping test based on viral DNA, RNA or both as a management option for high-risk human papillomavirus positive women

    Irma Salimović-Bešić / Anja Tomić-Čiča / Mirsada Hukić

    Medicinski Glasnik, Vol 16, Iss 2, Pp 172-

    a cross sectional study

    2019  Volume 178

    Abstract: Aim This cross-sectional study of a group of women with abnormal cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection compared genotyping HPV DNA and mRNA assays according to two age categories of women (S1: ≤30 and S2: >30 years). Methods The ... ...

    Abstract Aim This cross-sectional study of a group of women with abnormal cytology and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection compared genotyping HPV DNA and mRNA assays according to two age categories of women (S1: ≤30 and S2: >30 years). Methods The hrHPV DNA positive results of 105 cervical samples of women were pooled and those harbouring HPV-16, 18, 31, 33 and/or 45 DNA were tested for the type specific HPV oncogene E6/E7 overexpression (mRNA). Results Although HPV DNA testing showed a higher proportion of women infected by any of five hrHPVs in S1 group, total agreement of hrHPV DNA and mRNA positive results was higher in S2 group of women (75.8% v. 83.9%). The most prevalent type in both age groups was HPV-16. A 100% agreement of positivity of both tests was noted for HPV-18 and 33 in S1 group, and for HPV-18 in S2 group. Increasing concordance of HPV-16 and 31 DNA and mRNA positive results with the severity of cervical cytology was observed in S1 group of women. Absolute matching (100.0%) of positivity of both diagnostic tests was recorded in S2ASCUS group (for HPV-16, 18 and 33), in S1HSIL (for HPV-16, 18, 31 and 33), in S1LSIL category (for HPV-18 and 33) and in S2HSIL group (for HPV-18). Conclusion The results indicate the possibility of predicting the risk of persistent infection only by HPV DNA typing test, with no need for additional RNA testing in categories of infected women showing a high (absolute) agreement of positivity of both tests.
    Keywords biomarkers ; early detection of cancer ; human papillomavirus DNA tests ; human papillomavirus 16 ; human papillomavirus 18 ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Osteoarticular complications of brucellosis

    Maida Šiširak / Mirsada Hukić

    Acta Medica Academica, Vol 44, Iss 1, Pp 1-

    The diagnostic value and importance of detection matrix metalloproteinases

    2015  Volume 9

    Abstract: Objectives. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of infective, cancer and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we investigated the serum level of MMPs and its clinical importance in human brucellosis. Patients and ... ...

    Abstract Objectives. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of infective, cancer and autoimmune diseases. In this study, we investigated the serum level of MMPs and its clinical importance in human brucellosis. Patients and methods. This study included 60 brucellosis patients treated at the Clinic for Infectious Diseases, Clinical Centre, University of Sarajevo. Matrix metalloproteinases serum levels were quantified by ELISA. Results. The investigation involved three groups: 30 patients with complications, 30 patients without complications of brucellosis and 30 healthy control examinees. The complications of human brucellosis varied but osteoarticular involvement dominated (n=21/30; 70%). Matrix metalloproteinases serum levels in the patients with complications were highest. The serum level of MMP-1 in patients with complications was the highest at 9.45; in patients without complications it was 3.78 and in the control examinees it was lowest at 3.62 (p=0.001). The serum level of MMP-9 in patients with complications was the highest at 105.66; in patients without complications 64.67, and in the control examinees it was lowest at 37.32 (p=0.001). The serum level of MMP-13 in patients with complications was highest at 138.86; in patients without complications at 64.85; and in the control examinees it was the lowest at 29.55 (p=0.001). Pearson’s coefficient showed a statistically significant positive correlation between levels of tested matrix metalloproteinases and development complications in human brucellosis (p=0.001). Conclusion. This study showed the diagnostic value and importance of detection of matrix metalloproteinases in human brucellosis. MMPs are a useful serum biomarker for assessment of disease activity.
    Keywords Brucellosis ; Matrix metalloproteinase ; Osteoarticular complications ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610 ; 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains, isolated on three different geography locations

    Maja Ostojić / Mirsada Hukić

    Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 15, Iss

    2015  Volume 3

    Abstract: Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Increased frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitalized patients and possibility of vancomycin resistance requires rapid and reliable ... ...

    Abstract Staphylococcus aureus is a major cause of hospital-acquired infections worldwide. Increased frequency of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in hospitalized patients and possibility of vancomycin resistance requires rapid and reliable characterization of isolates and control of MRSA spread in hospitals. Typing of isolates helps to understand the route of a hospital pathogen spread. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of MRSA samples on three different geography locations. In addition, our aim was to evaluate three different methods of MRSA typing: spa-typing, agr-typing and GenoType MRSA. We included 104 samples of MRSA, isolated in 3 different geographical locations in clinical hospitals in Zagreb, Mostar, and Heidelberg, during the period of six months. Genotyping and phenotyping were done by spa-typing, agr-typing and dipstick assay GenoType MRSA. We failed to type all our samples by spa-typing. The most common spa-type in clinical hospital Zagreb was t041, in Mostar t001, and in Heidelberg t003.We analyzed 102/104 of our samples by agr-typing method. We did not find any agr-type IV in our locations. We analyzed all our samples by the dipstick assay GenoType MRSA. All isolates in our study were MRSA strains. In Zagreb there were no positive strains to PVL gene. In Mostar we have found 5/25 positive strains to PVL gene, in Heidelberg there was 1/49. PVL positive isolates were associated with spa-type t008 and agr-type I, thus, genetically, they were community-associated MRSA (CA-MRSA). Dipstick assay GenoType MRSA has demonstrated sufficient specificity, sensibility, simple performance and low cost, so we could introduce it to work in smaller laboratories. Using this method may expedite MRSA screening, thus preventing its spread in hospitals.
    Keywords Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; spa-typing ; agr-typing ; GenoType MRSA ; infection control ; MRSA ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: SARS-CoV-2 virus outbreak and the emergency public health measures in Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Mirsada Hukic / Mirza Ponjavic / Emin Tahirovic / Almir Karabegovic / Elvir Ferhatbegovic / Maja Travar / Fadila Serdarevic

    Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences (2020)

    January – July, 2020

    2020  

    Abstract: Between March 5 and July 25, 2020, the total number of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) was 10 090 corresponding to a cumulative incidence rate of 285.7 per 100 000 population. Demographic and clinical information on all the ... ...

    Abstract Between March 5 and July 25, 2020, the total number of SARS-CoV-2 confirmed cases in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH) was 10 090 corresponding to a cumulative incidence rate of 285.7 per 100 000 population. Demographic and clinical information on all the cases along with exposure and contact information was collected using a standardized case report form. In suspected SARS-CoV-2 cases, respiratory specimens were collected and tested by real-time reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) assay. The dynamic of the outbreak was summarized using epidemiological curves, instantaneous reproduction number Rt and interactive choropleth maps for geographical distribution and spread. The rate of hospitalization was 14.0 % (790/5646) in Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (FBH) and 6.2 % (267/4299) in Republic of Srpska (RS). The death rate was 2.2% (122/5646) in FBH and 3.6% in the RS (155/4299). After the authorities lifted mandatory quarantine restrictions, the basic reproduction number increased from 1.13 on May, the 20th to 1.72 on May the 31st. The outbreak concerns both entities, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska, and it is more pronounced in those aged 20-44 years. It is important to develop the communication and emergency plan for the SARS-CoV-2 outbreak in BH, including the mechanisms to allow the ongoing notification and updates at the national level.
    Keywords SARS-CoV-2 outbreak ; COVID-19 pandemic ; emergency ; public health ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-10-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Phenotypic and genotypic detection of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from chicken skin in Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Vildana Hadžić-Hasanović / Anesa Jerković-Mujkić / Ermin Hasanović / Azra Bačić / Mirsada Hukić

    Medicinski Glasnik, Vol 17, Iss 2, Pp 308-

    2020  Volume 315

    Abstract: Aim To identify E. coli from chicken meat, establish their antibiotic resistance profiles and to confirm ESBL isolates with real time PCR, as well as to identify risk factors and farming practice associated with the antimicrobial resistance E. coli. ... ...

    Abstract Aim To identify E. coli from chicken meat, establish their antibiotic resistance profiles and to confirm ESBL isolates with real time PCR, as well as to identify risk factors and farming practice associated with the antimicrobial resistance E. coli. Methods The study included 100 chicken skin samples collected randomly from retail supermarkets, butcheries and slaughterhouses. Disk susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer method. Detection of ESBL-producing isolates was performed with double disk synergy test. Molecular analysis of phenotypic ESBL-producing Escherichia coli strains was performed at 7500 real time PCR System. Molecular-genetic analysis included detection of CTX-M 1, 2, and 9 gene families and mutations in the TEM and SHV encoding extended spectrum β-lactamases. Results Prevalence of the phenotypic ESBL-producing E. coli isolates was 29%, and they exhibited remarkable sensitivity to carbapenems (100%) as well as to amikacin (93.10%). All ESBL-producing strains were multidrug resistant. Molecular analysis was performed as the final confirmation of the production of extended spectrum β – lactamases for 24 isolates out of 29 phenotypicaly ESBL-producing E. coli isolates. Conclusion It is important to pay attention to people's awareness of bacterial antimicrobial resistance in food chain, as well as to understand its effects on human health and the environment. Phenotypic and molecular analysis demonstrated the presence of ESBL-producing E. coli isolates from chicken skin samples.
    Keywords antimicrobial resistance ; food safety ; veterinary medicine ; Medicine ; R
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: An outbreak of multidrug-resistant Serratia marcescens

    Maida Šiširak / Mirsada Hukić

    Acta Medica Academica, Vol 42, Iss 1, Pp 25-

    The importance of continuous monitoring of nosocomial infections

    2013  Volume 31

    Abstract: Objectives. Serratia marcescens is a well-established as a nosocomial pathogen, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to investigate an outbreak of Serratia marcescens at the ... ...

    Abstract Objectives. Serratia marcescens is a well-established as a nosocomial pathogen, resulting in considerable morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised patients. The aim of this study was to investigate an outbreak of Serratia marcescens at the Orthopaedic Clinic of the Clinical Center University of Sarajevo. Methods. A total of 96 strains from 79 patients were isolated. The isolates were identified by conventional methods. Susceptibility testing was performed by the discdiffusion method following CLSI guidelines. Results were confirmed by VITEC-2 Compact. Results. From January to December 2010, 96 strains from 79 patients were isolated at the Orthopaedic Clinic of the Clinical Center, University of Sarajevo.The strains were isolated from wound swabs, blood cultures and cerebrospinal fluid. The strains were identifed using current phenotypic methods as Serratia marcescens with identical biochemical characteristics and antibiotic susceptibility patterns. All strains were susceptible to imipenem, meropenem, amikacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and piperacillin/tazobactam. The infection control team was alerted and after investigation they discovered the same phenotype of Serratia marcescens in the anaesthetic vials used in procedures. This outbreak was extremely difficult to terminate, even with cohorting of patients, sterilisation of equipment, reinforcement of handwashing and deep-cleaning of facilities. The implementation of new control measures terminated the outbreak in February 2011. Conclusion. Continuous monitoring of nosocomial infections is indispensable. Phenotypic characterization of the isolates is useful for studying the relationship of microbial pathogens. The relationship of one clinical isolate to another during an outbreak is important in motivating the search for a common source or mode of transmission.
    Keywords Nosocomial infection ; Phenotyping ; Serratia marcescens ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-05-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Academy of Sciences and Arts of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Emergence of extensive drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumanniiin the Clinical Center University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina

    Amela Dedeić-Ljubović / Ðana Granov / Mirsada Hukić

    Medicinski Glasnik, Vol 12, Iss 2, Pp 169-

    2015  Volume 176

    Abstract: Aim Recently increased attention and interest for Acinetobacterbaumannii are the result of the occurrence of multidrug resistant (MDR), extensive drug resistant (XDR) and pandrug resistant (PDR) isolates around the world. The aim of this study was to ... ...

    Abstract Aim Recently increased attention and interest for Acinetobacterbaumannii are the result of the occurrence of multidrug resistant (MDR), extensive drug resistant (XDR) and pandrug resistant (PDR) isolates around the world. The aim of this study was to examine the resistance of A. baumannii isolates to antimicrobials in Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Methods Two hundred and fifty-seven A.baumannii isolates were collected between July 2011 and June 2012 in different wards and from different clinical samples. Multidrug resistant, XDR and PDR were defined according to international expert proposal for interim standard definitions for acquired resistance. Results A total of 257 A. baumannii isolates showed eleven different patterns of resistance, of which ten patterns corresponded to MDR and one corresponded to XDR (sensitive only to colistin). Multidrug resistant and XDR strains were the most common at Intensive Care Units and surgical departments. The largest numbers of isolates were found in wound swabs, blood and bronchial aspirate. Conclusion This is the first report of XDR A. baumannii in the 2000-bed Clinical Centre University of Sarajevo, Bosnia-Herzegovina. Although XDR strains have been detected, the resistance to colistin has not. The elevated prevalence of these strains indicates that local antibiotic prescription policies should be revised and infection prevention and control should be improved.
    Keywords antimicrobials ; nosocomial infections ; intensive care unit ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 360
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-08-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Candida Albicans and Non-Albicans Species as Etiological Agent of Vaginitis in Pregnant and Non-Pregnant Women

    Mirela Babić / Mirsada Hukić

    Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 10, Iss

    2010  Volume 1

    Abstract: Pregnancy represents a risk factor in the occurrence of vaginal candidosis. The objectives of our study were: to make determination of the microscopic findings of vaginal swab, frequency of Candida species in the culture of pregnant women and patients ... ...

    Abstract Pregnancy represents a risk factor in the occurrence of vaginal candidosis. The objectives of our study were: to make determination of the microscopic findings of vaginal swab, frequency of Candida species in the culture of pregnant women and patients who are not pregnant, determine the Candida species in all cultures, and to determine the frequency and differences in the frequency of C. albicans and other non-albicans species. In one year study performed during 2006 year, we tested patients of Gynaecology and Obstetrics clinic of the Clinical Centre in Sarajevo and Gynaecology department of the General hospital in Sarajevo. 447 woman included in the study were separated in two groups: 203 pregnant (in the last trimester of pregnancy), and 244 non-pregnant woman in period of fertility. Each vaginal swab was examined microscopically. The yeast, number of colonies, and the species of Candida were determined on Sabouraud dextrose agar with presence of antibiotics. For determination of Candida species, we used germ tube test for detection of C. albicans, and cultivation on the selective medium and assimilation tests for detection of non-albicans species. The results indicated positive microscopic findings in the test group (40,9%), as well as greater number of positive cultures (46,8%). The most commonly detected species for both groups was C. albicans (test group 40.9% and control group 23,0%). The most commonly detected non-albicans species for the test group were C. glabrata (4,2 %) and C. krusei (3,2%), and for the control group were C. glabrata (3,2%) and C. parapsilosis (3,2%). The microscopic findings correlated with the number of colonies in positive cultures. In the test group, we found an increased number of yeasts (64,3%), and the pseudopyphae and blastopores by microscopic examination as an indication of infection. In the control group, we found a small number of yeasts (64,6%), in the form of blastopores, as an indication of the candida colonisation. Our results indicate that gravidity, as the risc ...
    Keywords vaginal candidosis ; pregnancy- risk factor ; Candida albicans ; non-albicans species ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2010-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Development of a novel biofilm classification tool and comparative analysis of result interpretation methodologies for the evaluation of biofilm forming capacity of bacteria using tissue culture plate method

    Monia Avdić / Nermin Džuzić / Osman Hasanić / Amel Spahić / Lejla Smajlović-Skenderagić / Almir Badnjević / Mirsada Hukić

    Medicinski Glasnik, Vol 16, Iss 1, Pp 7-

    2019  Volume 12

    Abstract: Aim To develop an online biofilm calculation tool (Biofilm Classifier), which calculates the optical density cut off value and accordingly determines the biofilm forming categories for the tested isolates by standardized formulas, as well as to compare ... ...

    Abstract Aim To develop an online biofilm calculation tool (Biofilm Classifier), which calculates the optical density cut off value and accordingly determines the biofilm forming categories for the tested isolates by standardized formulas, as well as to compare the results obtained by Biofilm Classifier to manual calculations and the use of predefined values. Methods The biofilm forming capacity of tested strains was evaluated using tissue culture plate method in 96 well plates, and optical density (OD) value of the formed biofilm was measured on an ELISA Microplate reader at 595 nm on a total of 551 bacterial isolates from clinical specimen. Results Comparative analysis indicated that the manual calculation was 100% in accordance with results obtained by the designed software as opposed to the results obtained by use of predefined values for biofilm categorization. When using predefined values compared to manual biofilm categorization for the determination of biofilm positive and biofilm negative strains the specificity was 100%, sensitivity 97.81%, positive predictive value 100%, negative predictive value 96.04% and accuracy 98.57%. Conclusion Considering obtained results, the use of the designed online calculator would simplify the interpretation of biofilm forming capacity of bacteria using tissue culture plate method.
    Keywords biofilm ; cut-off tissue culture plate method ; optical density ; Medicine ; R
    Subject code 616
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Medical Association of Zenica-Doboj Canton
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Catheter-Related Urinary Tract Infection in Patients Suffering from Spinal Cord Injuries

    Amela Dedeić-Ljubović / Mirsada Hukić

    Bosnian Journal of Basic Medical Sciences, Vol 9, Iss

    2009  Volume 1

    Abstract: Urinary tract infection is commoner in patients with spinal cord injuries because of incomplete bladder emptying and the use of catheters that can result in the introduction of bacteria into the bladder. 145 patients suffering from spinal cord injuries, ... ...

    Abstract Urinary tract infection is commoner in patients with spinal cord injuries because of incomplete bladder emptying and the use of catheters that can result in the introduction of bacteria into the bladder. 145 patients suffering from spinal cord injuries, admitted to the Institute for physical medicine and rehabilitation, Centre for paraplegia of the Clinical Centre of the University of Sarajevo, were included. The patients were divided in three groups according to the method of bladder drainage: Group A (n=61) consisted of patients on clean intermittent catheterization; Group B (n=54) consisted of patients with indwelling catheters; Group C (n=30) consisted of patients who had performed self-catheterization. From a total of 4539 urine samples, 3963 (87,3%) were positive and 576 (12,7%) were sterile. More than 90% of the infected patients were asymptomatic. The overall rate of urinary infection amounted to about 2,1 episodes, and bacteriuria to 8,1 episodes per patient. 77% of infections (113/145) were acquired within seven days from catheterization. Infection was usually polymicrobial; the greatest number of urine samples 1770/3943 (44,9%) included more than one bacterium. The vast majority of cases of urinary tract infection and bacteriuria are caused by Gram-negative bacilli and enterococci, commensal organisms of the bowel and perineum, representative of those from the hospital environment. Providencia stuarti (18,9%) being the most common, followed by Proteus mirabilis (16,3%), Escherichia coli (11,8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (10,2%), Klebsiella pneumoniae (8,1%), Morganella morgani (5,4%), Acinetobacter baumannii (4,6%), Providencia rettgeri (3,5%). 15,7% of isolates were Gram-positive with Enterococcus faecalis (8,6%) as the most common. 55,3% of isolates were multidrug-resistant, and the highest rates of resistance were found among Acinetobacter baumannii (87,8%), Providencia rettgeri (86,7%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (85,4%), Providencia stuarti (84,3%) and Morganella morgani (81,0%). Lower rates of resistance were found in Group C, i.e. patients on intermittent self- catheterisation. Eradication of organisms was achieved in only 53 (10,05%) of patients; hence, antibiotic therapy had no or very low effect. Significant correlations were found between the method of catheterization and the frequency of bacteriuria and urinary tract infections. The analysis of Group C showed a rate of lower urinary tract infection and bacteriuria than the other two Groups of patients. The objective of this study is the update of etiology and antimicrobial susceptibility in urinary tract infections in this group of patients. In addition, possible correlations between UTI and the type of bladder management were examined.
    Keywords SCI-spinal cord injuries ; catheterization ; bacteriuria ; urinary tract infection ; antibiotic resistance ; Medicine (General) ; R5-920
    Subject code 610
    Language English
    Publishing date 2009-02-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Association of Basic Medical Sciences of Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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