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Article ; Online: How Do the Different Types of Maternal Diabetes during Pregnancy Influence Offspring Outcomes?

Eletri, Lina / Mitanchez, Delphine

2022 Volume 14, Issue 18

Abstract: Background/Aim of the ... ...

Abstract	Background/Aim of the study
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Cardiovascular Diseases/complications ; Cardiovascular Diseases/etiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/epidemiology ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/complications ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/etiology ; Diabetes, Gestational/epidemiology ; Female ; Glucose ; Glucose Intolerance/complications ; Glucose Intolerance/epidemiology ; Humans ; Obesity/complications ; Obesity/epidemiology ; Overweight/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/etiology ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult
Chemical Substances	Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-19
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review ; Systematic Review
ZDB-ID	2518386-2
ISSN	2072-6643 ; 2072-6643
ISSN (online)	2072-6643
ISSN	2072-6643
DOI	10.3390/nu14183870
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Article ; Online: Complications foetales et néonatales du diagnostic gestationnel: mortalité périnatale, malformations congénitales, macrosomie, dystocie des épaules, traumatisme obstétrical, complications néonatales.

Mitanchez, D

Journal de gynecologie, obstetrique et biologie de la reproduction

2010 Volume 39, Issue 8 Suppl 2, Page(s) S189–99

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate perinatal outcomes in case of gestational diabetes (GD) treated or not.: Methods: This study is based on Pubmed search and on NICE and HAS recommendations.: Results: Moderate or severe GD increases the risk of foetal and ... ...

Title translation	Fetal and neonatal complications of gestational diabetes: perinatal mortality, congenital malformations, macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, birth injuries, neonatal outcomes.
Abstract	Objective: To evaluate perinatal outcomes in case of gestational diabetes (GD) treated or not. Methods: This study is based on Pubmed search and on NICE and HAS recommendations. Results: Moderate or severe GD increases the risk of foetal and neonatal complications [EL1]. The risk of malformation is slightly increased in case of GD compared with non diabetic population [EL2]. The increased risk of malformation is probably linked to undiagnosed cases of type 2 diabetes among cases of GD [EL2]. There is a continuous association of maternal glucose levels with increased birth weight [EL2]. The incidence of macrosomia decreases when diabetes is treated [EL1]. Data from the literature don't allow estimating precise risk of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in case of GD, but severe clinical form is exceptional. Risk of neonatal asphyxia and perinatal death is not increased in case of GD [EL2]. Birth injuries and nerve palsy are rare in case of GD, and there is no evidence for increased incidence of such events when GD is not treated. The risk of neonatal respiratory distress whatever is the cause, is difficult to estimate. There is no evidence to establish a link between GD and neonatal respiratory distress. It is difficult to estimate the risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia because of various definitions used in the different studies, but the frequency of hypoglycaemia treated with IV glucose is low [EL1]. The risk of hypocalcemia [EL4] and hyperbilirubinemia [EL1] is similar to that of the general population. Conclusion: Severe perinatal complications specifically linked to GD are rare. Macrosomia is the principal neonatal adverse outcomes demonstrated in case of GD. It is the main factor related to the complications reported in case of GD. Maternal obesity is an additional risk factor of neonatal adverse outcomes and is independent from the diabetes.
MeSH term(s)	Birth Injuries/epidemiology ; Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic/epidemiology ; Congenital Abnormalities/epidemiology ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Dystocia/epidemiology ; Female ; Fetal Diseases/epidemiology ; Fetal Diseases/mortality ; Fetal Macrosomia/etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/epidemiology ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/mortality ; Metabolic Diseases/epidemiology ; Pregnancy ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn/epidemiology ; Risk Factors
Language	French
Publishing date	2010-12
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	121670-3
ISSN	1773-0430 ; 0368-2315 ; 0150-9918
ISSN (online)	1773-0430
ISSN	0368-2315 ; 0150-9918
DOI	10.1016/S0368-2315(10)70046-6
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Article ; Online: Particularités de la prise en charge du nouveau-né de mère avec diabète gestationnel. Environnement pédiatrique.

Mitanchez, D

Journal de gynecologie, obstetrique et biologie de la reproduction

2010 Volume 39, Issue 8 Suppl 2, Page(s) S281–8

Abstract: Objective: To estimate the modalities of neonatal care for newborn from mother with gestational diabetes (GD) treated or not.: Methods: This study is based on Pubmed search and on NICE and HAS recommendations.: Results: There is no paediatric ... ...

Title translation	Management of neonates born to mothers with gestational diabetes: paediatric environment.
Abstract	Objective: To estimate the modalities of neonatal care for newborn from mother with gestational diabetes (GD) treated or not. Methods: This study is based on Pubmed search and on NICE and HAS recommendations. Results: There is no paediatric indication to organize the birth in a specialized structure, excepted in case of severe abnormality of the foetal growth, of severe malformation or of risk of prematurity. It is recommended to watch systematically the glycaemia of the newborn children of mother with GD treated by insulin or in case of macrosomia or growth restriction. The systematic surveillance of the glycaemia is not indicated at the child's of mother with GD treated by only diet and without abnormality of growth. The newborn should benefit from the usual surveillance of the neonatal icterus. The dosage of the calcemia and the realization of blood cells count are indicated according to the clinical signs. The realization of additional examinations in search of a cardiac, osseous or cerebral malformation must be directed according to the signs in the clinical examination. The indications of transfer of the newborn of mother with DG in neonatal unit are the same that for every newborn child. Conclusions: The newborn can be welcomed in the maternity of nearness except in case of prematurity, of severe malformations or of severe abnormality of the foetal growth. The care of the newborn of mother with DG, in particular for the prevention, the detection and the treatment of hypoglycaemias, will be improved by the existence of a protocol.
MeSH term(s)	Diabetes, Gestational ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/diagnosis ; Hypoglycemia/therapy ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/diagnosis ; Infant, Newborn, Diseases/therapy ; Pregnancy
Language	French
Publishing date	2010-12
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	121670-3
ISSN	1773-0430 ; 0368-2315 ; 0150-9918
ISSN (online)	1773-0430
ISSN	0368-2315 ; 0150-9918
DOI	10.1016/S0368-2315(10)70054-5
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Article ; Online: Management of infants born to mothers with gestational diabetes. Paediatric environment.

Mitanchez, D

Diabetes & metabolism

2010 Volume 36, Issue 6 Pt 2, Page(s) 587–594

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the modalities of neonatal care for cases of treated and untreated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).: Methods: A search of the PubMed database was performed and recommendations from the National Institute for Health and ... ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate the modalities of neonatal care for cases of treated and untreated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A search of the PubMed database was performed and recommendations from the National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence and the French National Authority for Health were consulted. Results: There were no paediatric indications for birth to take place in a specialised facility, except in cases of severe foetal growth abnormality, major malformations or risk of premature birth. Systematic blood glucose monitoring is recommended for newborns of mothers with insulin-treated GDM, or infants considered large or small for gestational age. Systematic blood glucose monitoring is not recommended for infants of mothers with diet-controlled GDM, or in the absence of growth abnormalities. Newborns should undergo routine neonatal icterus monitoring. Measurement of calcium levels and a complete blood count (CBC) should be carried out when clinically appropriate. Complementary testing for the detection of heart, bone or brain defects should be performed according to clinical signs. The indications for transferring infants of mothers with GDM to a neonatal intensive care unit are the same as for all other newborns. Conclusions: Newborns can be cared for in general maternity wards, except in cases of premature birth, major malformations or severe foetal growth abnormalities. The management of newborns of mothers with GDM, particularly in the prevention, detection and management of hypoglycaemia, is improved through the existence of a written protocol.
MeSH term(s)	Blood Glucose/analysis ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Disease Management ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoglycemia/diagnosis ; Hypoglycemia/prevention & control ; Hypoglycemia/therapy ; Infant, Newborn/blood ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Neonatal Screening ; Pregnancy
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-12
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1315751-6
ISSN	1878-1780 ; 1262-3636 ; 0338-1684
ISSN (online)	1878-1780
ISSN	1262-3636 ; 0338-1684
DOI	10.1016/j.diabet.2010.11.012
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Article ; Online: Foetal and neonatal complications in gestational diabetes: perinatal mortality, congenital malformations, macrosomia, shoulder dystocia, birth injuries, neonatal complications.

Mitanchez, D

Diabetes & metabolism

2010 Volume 36, Issue 6 Pt 2, Page(s) 617–627

Abstract: Objective: To evaluate the risks of perinatal complications in infants born to mothers with treated or untreated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).: Methods: A search of the PubMed database was performed and recommendations from NICE and the French ...

Abstract	Objective: To evaluate the risks of perinatal complications in infants born to mothers with treated or untreated gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: A search of the PubMed database was performed and recommendations from NICE and the French National Authority for Health were consulted. Results: Untreated moderate or severe GDM increases the risk of foetal and neonatal complications (EL1). The risk of malformations slightly increases in newborns of mothers with GDM compared to the general population (EL2). This risk is probably associated with the presence of undiagnosed type 2 diabetes among patients with GDM (EL2). There is a linear relationship between maternal blood glucose levels and an increased birth weight (EL2). Treatment for GDM reduces the incidence of macrosomia (EL1). Although the risk of cardiomyopathy in cases of GDM cannot be accurately estimated based on the available data, severe clinical forms are rare. The risks of neonatal asphyxia and perinatal mortality are no higher in infants born to women with GDM (EL2). Birth injuries and brachial plexus injuries are rare, and no more likely to occur in cases of untreated GDM. It is difficult to assess the risk of respiratory distress, regardless of its cause. It is not possible to establish a link between GDM and neonatal respiratory problems due to insufficient data. Although the risk of neonatal hypoglycaemia is difficult to determine due to the variable definitions reported in the literature, the incidence of hypoglycaemia requiring intravenous therapy is low (EL1). The risks of hypocalcaemia (EL4) and hyperbilirubinemia (EL1) are similar to the general population. Conclusion: Serious perinatal complications specifically associated with GDM are rare. Macrosomia has been demonstrated to be the predominant adverse outcome in cases of GDM. It is the main factor linked to reported cases of complications in GDM. Maternal obesity is an additional risk factor for complications, regardless of diabetes status.
MeSH term(s)	Birth Injuries/etiology ; Congenital Abnormalities/etiology ; Diabetes, Gestational ; Female ; Fetal Macrosomia/etiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Perinatal Mortality ; Pregnancy
Language	English
Publishing date	2010-12
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1315751-6
ISSN	1878-1780 ; 1262-3636 ; 0338-1684
ISSN (online)	1878-1780
ISSN	1262-3636 ; 0338-1684
DOI	10.1016/j.diabet.2010.11.013
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Article: Pronostic néonatal de la hernie de coupole diaphragmatique.

Mitanchez, D

Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie

2009 Volume 16, Issue 6, Page(s) 888–890

Title translation	Neonatal prognosis of congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
MeSH term(s)	Hernia, Diaphragmatic/mortality ; Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate
Language	French
Publishing date	2009-06
Publishing country	France
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1181947-9
ISSN	1769-664X ; 0929-693X
ISSN (online)	1769-664X
ISSN	0929-693X
DOI	10.1016/S0929-693X(09)74192-2
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Article: Ontogenèse de la régulation glycémique et conséquences pour la prise en charge du nouveau-né.

Mitanchez, D

Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie

2008 Volume 15, Issue 1, Page(s) 64–74

Abstract: Glucose homeostasis during fetal life depends entirely on continuous placental glucose transfer. Fetal endocrine milieu is characterized by high insulin which has mainly anabolic action. During third trimester, insulin promotes energetic stores as ... ...

Title translation	Ontogenesis of glucose regulation in neonate and consequences in neonatal management.
Abstract	Glucose homeostasis during fetal life depends entirely on continuous placental glucose transfer. Fetal endocrine milieu is characterized by high insulin which has mainly anabolic action. During third trimester, insulin promotes energetic stores as glycogen and fat deposition. At birth, constant maternal supply is interrupted and this is accompanied by a surge in glucagon and catecholamine levels and a decrease in insulin level. These hormonal changes induce hepatic glucose production provided by glycogenolysis during the first hours of life and then by gluconeogenesis. They also promote lipolysis which generates glycerol, a gluconeogenic substrate and free fatty acids. Free fatty acids provide gluconeogenesis activating factors and ketone bodies which represent alternative fuels for brain metabolism. Equilibrium between tissue consumption of glucose, hepatic glucose production and exogenous glucose supply maintains blood glucose level. If one of these mechanisms fails, hypoglycaemia may occur. Hypoglycaemia is predictable in three situations: depletion of energetic stores (prematurity and intra-uterine growth restriction), increase tissue energetic consumption and fetal hyperinsulinism. Blood glucose levels at which clinical interventions should be considered depend on operational thresholds. Therapeutic goal in case of hypoglycaemia is to increase blood glucose enhancing gluconeogenesis and providing continuous brain supply with glucose and ketone bodies. Paradoxically, many preterm infants less than 30 gestational weeks develop hyperglycaemia. There is evidence that processing of proinsulin in beta-cells is deficient and that preterm infants are partially resistant to insulin. Exogenous insulin infusion is efficient and may be used with caution.
MeSH term(s)	Biological Transport ; Blood Glucose/metabolism ; Glucagon/physiology ; Glucose/metabolism ; Homeostasis ; Hormones/physiology ; Humans ; Infant, Newborn ; Insulin/physiology
Chemical Substances	Blood Glucose ; Hormones ; Insulin ; Glucagon (9007-92-5) ; Glucose (IY9XDZ35W2)
Language	French
Publishing date	2008-01
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1181947-9
ISSN	1769-664X ; 0929-693X
ISSN (online)	1769-664X
ISSN	0929-693X
DOI	10.1016/j.arcped.2007.10.006
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Article: Traitement anténatal de la hernie de coupole diaphragmatique: le point en 2008.

Mitanchez, D

Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie

2008 Volume 15, Issue 8, Page(s) 1320–1325

Abstract: Despite advances in neonatal care, the associated mortality in isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia remains in the order of 30%. Death is mainly due to consecutive pulmonary hypoplasia and severe associated pulmonary hypertension. This statement led ... ...

Title translation	Antenatal treatment of congenital diaphragmatic hernia: an update.
Abstract	Despite advances in neonatal care, the associated mortality in isolated congenital diaphragmatic hernia remains in the order of 30%. Death is mainly due to consecutive pulmonary hypoplasia and severe associated pulmonary hypertension. This statement led to the implement of fetal therapy in order to improve fetal lung development. The first phase of fetal surgery consisted in open repair with one-stage surgical correction of the anatomic defect. It was followed by tracheal occlusion technique based on the decrease egress of lung fluid in order to improve lung growth. Initial approach of tracheal occlusion used clips on the trachea. It is now performed with intra-tracheal inflatable balloon. The challenge of such prenatal treatment is to establish accurate prenatal prognosis factors in order to offer this therapeutic in the subgroup of patients in whom outcome of postnatal treatment remains dismal. Current factors used for prenatal prognosis evaluation are thoracic liver position and lung-to-head ratio (LHR). The balloon is inserted at 26 to 28 weeks and removed at 34 weeks. First results are encouraging. However, many patients developed premature prelabour rupture of the membrane and paediatric data are sparse. Only few patients were currently treated and long term evaluation is needed. A powered multicentric study is needed to determine the value of fetal tracheal occlusion in the management of fetuses with isolated severe congenital diaphragmatic hernia.
MeSH term(s)	Age Factors ; Animal Experimentation ; Animals ; Balloon Occlusion ; Female ; Fetal Diseases/surgery ; Fetal Membranes, Premature Rupture ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic/embryology ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic/surgery ; Hernias, Diaphragmatic, Congenital ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Lung/abnormalities ; Lung/embryology ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Time Factors ; Treatment Outcome
Language	French
Publishing date	2008-08
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	1181947-9
ISSN	1769-664X ; 0929-693X
ISSN (online)	1769-664X
ISSN	0929-693X
DOI	10.1016/j.arcped.2008.04.034
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Article ; Online: Déficit en G6PD chez la fille à révélation néonatale. Revue de 4 cas cliniques.

Renault, A / Mitanchez, D / Cortey, A

Archives de pediatrie : organe officiel de la Societe francaise de pediatrie

2017 Volume 24, Issue 9, Page(s) 865–871

Abstract: Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human erythrocyte enzyme defect, estimated to affect approximately 4 million people worldwide. It is associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, which may lead to bilirubin ... ...

Title translation	G6PD deficiency in females with neonatal revelation. Report of four cases.
Abstract	Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common human erythrocyte enzyme defect, estimated to affect approximately 4 million people worldwide. It is associated with severe neonatal hyperbilirubinemia, which may lead to bilirubin encephalopathy and kernicterus, and with hemolytic crisis. G6PD deficiency is an X-linked enzymopathy affecting hemizygous males, homozygous females, and also a subset of heterozygous females via chromosome X inactivation. We report four cases of female newborns with neonatal hyperbilirubinemia related to a G6PD deficiency and followed by the Centre national de référence en hémobiologie périnatale (CNRHP) from November 2013 to July 2014. Clinical and biological characteristics suggested G6PD deficiency (jaundice observed within the first 24h, severe hyperbilirubinemia, associated with regenerative hemolytic anemia, low response to phototherapy, ethnic origin of the parents from high-incident geographical regions). The family investigations revealed a deficit in G6PD in one of the parents who was unaware of this deficit until then. This article aims to make neonatologists and pediatricians aware of the need to search for an etiology for any severe hyperbilirubinemia and to raise G6PD deficiency in male and female newborns in case of hyperbilirubinemia with hemolysis.
Language	French
Publishing date	2017-09
Publishing country	France
Document type	English Abstract ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	1181947-9
ISSN	1769-664X ; 0929-693X
ISSN (online)	1769-664X
ISSN	0929-693X
DOI	10.1016/j.arcped.2017.06.002
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Article ; Online: Review shows that maternal obesity induces serious adverse neonatal effects and is associated with childhood obesity in their offspring.

Mitanchez, Delphine / Chavatte-Palmer, Pascale

Acta paediatrica (Oslo, Norway : 1992)

2018 Volume 107, Issue 7, Page(s) 1156–1165

Abstract: Aim: Obesity at the start of pregnancy has been rising worldwide, increasing the risk of maternal complications. We reviewed the independent effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy on neonatal adverse outcomes and the risk of childhood obesity and ... ...

Abstract	Aim: Obesity at the start of pregnancy has been rising worldwide, increasing the risk of maternal complications. We reviewed the independent effects of maternal obesity during pregnancy on neonatal adverse outcomes and the risk of childhood obesity and adverse cardio-metabolic profiles. Methods: We searched MEDLINE for papers published in English between December 2007 and November 2017, focusing primarily on human studies published in the last five years. However, we also chose to highlight examples derived from model animals that could bring mechanistic insight and preventive and therapeutic avenues. Results: Our review showed that maternal obesity had independent effects on neonatal adverse outcomes such as macrosomia, perinatal mortality and birth defects. Maternal obesity alone increased the risks for adverse neonatal outcomes, including macrosomia, perinatal mortality, induced preterm birth and birth defects. In association with excess gestational weight gain, mainly early in pregnancy, increased the risks of childhood obesity, higher fat mass and, to a smaller extent, adverse cardio-metabolic profiles. Animal models highlighted sexually dimorphic responses to maternal obesity. Conclusion: Maternal obesity induced serious adverse neonatal effects and was associated with childhood obesity in their offspring. The peri-conceptional period is critical for metabolic programming, and obese women need close monitoring from conception.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Humans ; Models, Animal ; Pediatric Obesity/etiology ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-03-08
Publishing country	Norway
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	203487-6
ISSN	1651-2227 ; 0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
ISSN (online)	1651-2227
ISSN	0365-1436 ; 0803-5253
DOI	10.1111/apa.14269
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