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  1. Article: Essential factors for effective psychological response to disasters and other crises.

    Mitchell, J T

    International journal of emergency mental health

    1999  Volume 1, Issue 1, Page(s) 51–58

    Abstract: Few human experiences contain the intensely concentrated horror, terror, and awesome power associated with a disaster. Nature's destructive forces and events in which humans rage out of control against one another can serve as trigger mechanisms for ... ...

    Abstract Few human experiences contain the intensely concentrated horror, terror, and awesome power associated with a disaster. Nature's destructive forces and events in which humans rage out of control against one another can serve as trigger mechanisms for overwhelming psychological reactions in the survivors, community members, and rescuers. Appropriate crisis intervention strategies and tactics are often thrown off balance, delayed, and made more complex by the sheer magnitude of the catastrophe. Few guidelines for effective community crisis or disaster response team activities in a disaster have been written to date. This article will help to fill-in the information gaps and enhance a psychological team's ability to provide better crisis intervention services during disasters.
    MeSH term(s) Crisis Intervention/organization & administration ; Disaster Planning/methods ; Goals ; Humans ; Leadership ; Patient Care Team/organization & administration
    Language English
    Publishing date 1999
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2079728-X
    ISSN 1522-4821
    ISSN 1522-4821
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Can hazard risk be communicated through a virtual experience?

    Mitchell, J T

    Disasters

    1997  Volume 21, Issue 3, Page(s) 258–266

    Abstract: Cyberspace, defined by William Gibson as a consensual hallucination, now refers to all computer-generated interactive environments. Virtual reality, one of a class of interactive cyberspaces, allows us to create and interact directly with objects not ... ...

    Abstract Cyberspace, defined by William Gibson as a consensual hallucination, now refers to all computer-generated interactive environments. Virtual reality, one of a class of interactive cyberspaces, allows us to create and interact directly with objects not available in the everyday world. Despite successes in the entertainment and aviation industries, this technology has been called a 'solution in search of a problem'. The purpose of this commentary is to suggest such a problem: the inability to acquire experience with a hazard to motivate mitigation. Direct experience with a hazard has been demonstrated as a powerful incentive to adopt mitigation measures. While we lack the ability to summon hazard events at will in order to gain access to that experience, a virtual environment can provide an arena where potential victims are exposed to a hazard's effects. Immersion as an active participant within the hazard event through virtual reality may stimulate users to undertake mitigation steps that might otherwise remain undone. This paper details the possible direction in which virtual reality may be applied to hazards mitigation through a discussion of the technology, the role of hazard experience, the creation of a hazard stimulation and the issues constraining implementation.
    MeSH term(s) Computer Simulation ; Disaster Planning ; Humans ; User-Computer Interface
    Language English
    Publishing date 1997-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1482668-9
    ISSN 1467-7717 ; 0361-3666
    ISSN (online) 1467-7717
    ISSN 0361-3666
    DOI 10.1111/1467-7717.00060
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article: Medic suicide. What can be done?

    Mitchell, J T

    JEMS : a journal of emergency medical services

    1995  Volume 20, Issue 11, Page(s) 41–45

    MeSH term(s) Anger ; Emergency Medical Technicians/psychology ; Family/psychology ; Grief ; Humans ; Interpersonal Relations ; Stress, Psychological ; Suicide/prevention & control ; Suicide/psychology ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 1995-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1292428-3
    ISSN 0197-2510
    ISSN 0197-2510
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Life after the emergency services: an exploratory study of well being and quality of life in emergency service retirees.

    Bracken-Scally, M / McGilloway, S / Gallagher, S / Mitchell, J T

    International journal of emergency mental health

    2014  Volume 16, Issue 1, Page(s) 223–231

    Abstract: Much is known about the negative impact of emergency services work, but no studies, to date, have investigated its long-term consequences. This cross-sectional study assesses the possible long-term effects on quality of life, of trauma exposure and ... ...

    Abstract Much is known about the negative impact of emergency services work, but no studies, to date, have investigated its long-term consequences. This cross-sectional study assesses the possible long-term effects on quality of life, of trauma exposure and emergency work in a sample of retirees from the Irish emergency services (n = 169) and a comparison group of non-emergency service retirees (n = 140). A multi-questionnaire postal survey was administered to assess quality of life (QoL; WHOQOL-BREF), experiences of trauma, and trauma symptoms (PSS-SR). QoL was significantly better in non-emergency retirees, whilst this group also had significantly fewer trauma symptoms. Incidents involving children were identified by a large proportion of emergency retirees as being particularly difficult to manage. The findings address a significant gap in our knowledge around the possible longer-term effects of emergency services work in an often neglected sub-group. Factors associated with increased QoL and reduced symptoms of PTSD are discussed, as are some possible recommendations for the future.
    MeSH term(s) Aged ; Ambulances ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Emergency Responders/psychology ; Female ; Firefighters ; Health Surveys ; Humans ; Ireland ; Life Change Events ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Quality of Life/psychology ; Retirement ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/diagnosis ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/epidemiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-10-21
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2079728-X
    ISSN 1522-4821
    ISSN 1522-4821
    DOI 10.4172/1522-4821.1000108
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: America under attack: the "10 commandments" of responding to mass terrorist attacks.

    Everly, G S / Mitchell, J T

    International journal of emergency mental health

    2001  Volume 3, Issue 3, Page(s) 133–135

    Abstract: On September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks caused the catastrophic collapse of the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. Approximately 40 minutes after the World Trade Center was attacked, a similar terrorist attack was perpetrated against ...

    Abstract On September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks caused the catastrophic collapse of the twin towers of the World Trade Center in New York City. Approximately 40 minutes after the World Trade Center was attacked, a similar terrorist attack was perpetrated against the Pentagon in Washington, D.C. Although the resultant physical devastation was beyond anything this nation has ever experienced, the psychological devastation may not be known for months, or even years. This paper discusses, not only a structure for understanding the phases of terrorism, but offers 10 recommendations for responding to acts of terrorism.
    MeSH term(s) Aircraft ; Civil Defense/organization & administration ; Emergency Services, Psychiatric/organization & administration ; Guidelines as Topic ; Humans ; Mental Health Services/organization & administration ; New York City ; Persuasive Communication ; Public Policy ; Social Support ; Stress, Psychological/prevention & control ; Stress, Psychological/therapy ; Terrorism/psychology ; Virginia
    Language English
    Publishing date 2001
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2079728-X
    ISSN 1522-4821
    ISSN 1522-4821
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: The debriefing "controversy" and crisis intervention: a review of lexical and substantive issues.

    Everly, G S / Mitchell, J T

    International journal of emergency mental health

    2000  Volume 2, Issue 4, Page(s) 211–225

    Abstract: Despite a long and rich history as a specialty within applied mental health, crisis intervention has, within recent years, been the target of criticism. Singled out for specific criticism has been the intervention referred to as "debriefing." Some ... ...

    Abstract Despite a long and rich history as a specialty within applied mental health, crisis intervention has, within recent years, been the target of criticism. Singled out for specific criticism has been the intervention referred to as "debriefing." Some authors have not only challenged its effectiveness but have raised the specter that it may cause significant harm. While superficially such arguments appear to have merit, closer scrutiny reveals an antiquated interpretation of even the most fundamental of terms and concepts inextricably intertwined with research based upon applications contrary to the most recent principles, prescriptions, and protocols regarding clinical use. A review of research based upon more extant formulations reveals many crisis intervention practices, including the Critical Incident Stress Debriefing model of "debriefing" and the Critical Incident Stress Management (CISM) model of crisis intervention to be highly clinically effective, indeed. This paper will review the terms and concepts which serve as the foundation of the field of crisis intervention, while subsequently reviewing key research investigations addressing its efficacy. It may be that outcome research directed toward assessing the effectiveness of crisis intervention can prosper from following trails blazed by psychotherapy researchers. The parallels seem striking. It may be that outcome research in crisis intervention (and "debriefing") needs to now focus upon "who" does crisis intervention, to "whom," and in "what specific situations," so as to maximize outcome associated with this clinically effective tool [International Journal of Emergency Mental Health, 2000, 2(4), 211-225].
    MeSH term(s) Crisis Intervention ; Emergency Services, Psychiatric ; Health Services Research ; Humans ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2000
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 2079728-X
    ISSN 1522-4821
    ISSN 1522-4821
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  7. Article: Stress. The history, status and future of critical incident stress debriefings.

    Mitchell, J T

    JEMS : a journal of emergency medical services

    1988  Volume 13, Issue 11, Page(s) 46–7, 49–52

    MeSH term(s) Allied Health Personnel/psychology ; Burnout, Professional/prevention & control ; Crisis Intervention ; Emergency Medical Technicians/psychology ; Humans ; Patient Care Team/trends ; Stress, Psychological/prevention & control ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 1988-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1292428-3
    ISSN 0197-2510
    ISSN 0197-2510
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article: Stress. Development and functions of a critical incident stress debriefing team.

    Mitchell, J T

    JEMS : a journal of emergency medical services

    1988  Volume 13, Issue 12, Page(s) 42–46

    MeSH term(s) Allied Health Personnel/psychology ; Emergency Medical Technicians/psychology ; Humans ; Mental Health Services/organization & administration ; Stress, Psychological/therapy ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 1988-12
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1292428-3
    ISSN 0197-2510
    ISSN 0197-2510
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Factors of impulsivity and cluster B personality dimensions

    Lootens, Christopher M. / Robertson, Christopher D. / Mitchell, John T. / Kimbrel, Nathan A. / Hundt, Natalie E. / Nelson-Gray, Rosemery O.

    Journal of Individual Differences

    2017  Volume 38, Issue 4, Page(s) 203–210

    Abstract: The goal of the present investigation was to expand the literature on impulsivity and Cluster B personality disorders (PDs) by conceptualizing impulsivity in a multidimensional manner. Two separate undergraduate samples (n = 223; n = 204) completed ... ...

    Abstract The goal of the present investigation was to expand the literature on impulsivity and Cluster B personality disorders (PDs) by conceptualizing impulsivity in a multidimensional manner. Two separate undergraduate samples (n = 223; n = 204) completed measures of impulsivity and Cluster B dimensions. Impulsivity was indeed predictive of Cluster B dimensions and, importantly, each PD scale exhibited a unique impulsivity profile. Findings for borderline PD scores were highly consistent across samples and strongly and positively associated with urgency and lack of perseverance, as expected. Findings for the other PD dimensions also exhibited a fair amount of consistency. Implications of these findings for diagnostic classification and treatment are discussed.
    Keywords Antisocial Personality Disorder ; Antisoziale Persönlichkeitsstörung ; Borderline Personality Disorder ; Borderline-Persönlichkeit ; Histrionic Personality Disorder ; Histrionische Persönlichkeitsstörung ; Impulsiveness ; Impulsivität ; Narcissistic Personality Disorder ; Narzisstische Persönlichkeit ; Personality Disorders ; Persönlichkeitsstörungen
    Language English
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2179310-4
    ISSN 2151-2299 ; 1614-0001
    ISSN (online) 2151-2299
    ISSN 1614-0001
    DOI 10.1027/1614-0001/a000237
    Database PSYNDEX

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  10. Article: The scientific evidence for critical incident stress management.

    Mitchell, J T / Everly, G S

    JEMS : a journal of emergency medical services

    1997  Volume 22, Issue 1, Page(s) 86–93

    MeSH term(s) Critical Care/psychology ; Emergency Medical Technicians/psychology ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Humans ; Inservice Training ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/etiology ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic/therapy ; United States
    Language English
    Publishing date 1997-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1292428-3
    ISSN 0197-2510
    ISSN 0197-2510
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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