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  1. Article ; Online: Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) populations are threatened by high sea-surface temperatures and impaired waters on Nantucket Island, USA.

    Novak, A B / Plaisted, H K / Hughes, Z J / Mittermayr, A / Molden, E

    Marine pollution bulletin

    2023  Volume 197, Page(s) 115689

    Abstract: Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) is a key foundation species that provides multiple ecosystem services to shallow coastal and estuarine systems in the Northern Hemisphere. It is estimated that, over the last century, up to 50 % of all Z. marina habitat has ... ...

    Abstract Eelgrass (Zostera marina L.) is a key foundation species that provides multiple ecosystem services to shallow coastal and estuarine systems in the Northern Hemisphere. It is estimated that, over the last century, up to 50 % of all Z. marina habitat has been lost along the east coast of the USA due to factors including light reduction, eutrophication, and physical disturbance. Warming sea surface temperatures are also believed to be exacerbating losses and the future of this ecosystem is unclear. Here, we assess Z. marina meadows on Nantucket, an island system located 50 km off-shore of Massachusetts, by using common indicators of seagrass plant health and environmental quality. Our results show that Z. marina meadows on Nantucket Island are thermally stressed and light-limited during parts of their peak growing season. This suggests that sea-surface temperatures are a pivotal factor, along with cultural eutrophication, in observed large-scale losses of Z. marina and that further degradation could be expected in the future as the climate continues to warm. Methods from this study may be used by managers as a guide to assess seagrass ecosystem status in degrading systems.
    MeSH term(s) Ecosystem ; Temperature ; Zosteraceae ; Climate ; Seasons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-11-09
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2001296-2
    ISSN 1879-3363 ; 0025-326X
    ISSN (online) 1879-3363
    ISSN 0025-326X
    DOI 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2023.115689
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  2. Article: Applications of the Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) in a Partially Restored New England Salt Marsh Lagoon

    Mittermayr, Agnes / Legare, Bryan / Borrelli, Mark

    Estuaries and coasts. 2022 June, v. 45, no. 4

    2022  

    Abstract: The Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) was used to create standardized maps of habitats and biotopes by combining CMECS’s four stand-alone components: Geoform, Substrate, Biotic, and Water, based on data collected in a shallow ... ...

    Abstract The Coastal and Marine Ecological Classification Standard (CMECS) was used to create standardized maps of habitats and biotopes by combining CMECS’s four stand-alone components: Geoform, Substrate, Biotic, and Water, based on data collected in a shallow New England salt marsh lagoon. East Harbor on Cape Cod, MA, USA, was artificially isolated from tidal flow in the late 1860s. Consequently, estuarine fish and invertebrate populations declined until partial tidal flow was restored in 2002. In early September 2017, we conducted an acoustic survey covering 1.29 km² (mean depth = 1.27 m) of East Harbor using a vessel mounted phase measuring sidescan sonar. From the acoustic survey data, submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) was mapped and used for a stratified random sampling scheme. On 2 days in late September 2017, East Harbor was sampled for benthic invertebrates, sediment, and water properties (pH, dissolved oxygen, salinity, and temperature) at sixteen stations (eight bare substrates and eight SAV). As the restoration project develops over time from a newly restored (2002) to a more fully restored (2017) system, links between abiotic and biotic components strengthen. Consequently, we were able to explain 89.39% of species distribution in East Harbor using measured abiotic variables (e.g., sediment characteristics) and show the diminishing influence of “distance to culvert” in explaining species distribution in East Harbor.
    Keywords acoustics ; biotopes ; culverts ; estuarine fish ; geographical distribution ; invertebrates ; oxygen ; pH ; salinity ; salt marshes ; sonar ; surveys ; temperature ; Massachusetts ; New England region
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2022-06
    Size p. 1095-1106.
    Publishing place Springer US
    Document type Article
    ZDB-ID 2229170-2
    ISSN 1559-2731 ; 1559-2723
    ISSN (online) 1559-2731
    ISSN 1559-2723
    DOI 10.1007/s12237-020-00707-2
    Database NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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  3. Thesis ; Online: Eelgrass Foodwebs – A comprehensive study employing ∂13C, ∂15N and ∂34S stable isotopes

    Mittermayr, Agnes

    2014  

    Abstract: Resolving the structure of complex food webs is a classic challenge for ecology which has gained renewed priority in view of climate change, species invasions, biodiversity loss and other anthropogenic impacts influencing ecological communities. ... ...

    Abstract Resolving the structure of complex food webs is a classic challenge for ecology which has gained renewed priority in view of climate change, species invasions, biodiversity loss and other anthropogenic impacts influencing ecological communities. Traditional methods (direct observation, gut contents analysis, feeding experiments) provide only snap-shots in time and have their specific limitations: direct observation is restricted to large organisms, gut contents analysis is biased by different digestibility, and feeding experiments are too time- consuming to cover all links in a food web. Therefore, techniques to track feeding relationships via biomass composition of the different organisms have gained importance. The use of stable isotopes (usually 13 C and 15 N) has become particularly successful. By additionally analysing δ34 S signatures I could clearly distinguish the isotopic fingerprints of epiphytes and Z. marina, which previously has been impeded by the similarity in their δ13C and δ15 N signatures. Analysing three instead of two stable isotopes also enhances mixing model outputs. Chapter 1 describes the pilot study in which I tested the applicability of the simultaneous analysis of δ13C, δ15N and δ34 S isotopes to examine the food web of a Zostera marina system in Falckenstein (western Baltic Sea). I sampled three potential food sources and collected 69 consumer species over the course of 6 months. The combination of δ34 S and δ13 C values made a separation of epiphytes and Z. marina as a food source possible. This enabled me to confidently allocate potential food sources to consumers and describe their trophic relationships. The data suggest that this eelgrass community strongly depends on epiphyte and seston production. δ15 N values show a food web consisting of large numbers of generalists and a high degree of omnivory. Chapter 2 describes the temporal variation of stable isotope signatures that I could observe in primary producers and consumers in the Falckenstein eelgrass system. I also describe ...
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing country de
    Document type Thesis ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Conference proceedings ; Online: Temporal changes in the structure of a temperate Zostera marina food web

    Scotti, Marco / Mittermayr, Agnes

    [Talk] In: ASLO Aquatic Sciences Meeting 2015, 22.-27.02.2015, Granada, Spain .

    2015  

    Abstract: Seagrass meadows are widely distributed in coastal zones worldwide. They represent highly productive autotrophic communities and provide many ecosystem services to humans such as shoreline protection and nurseries for commercially important fish. Here we ...

    Abstract Seagrass meadows are widely distributed in coastal zones worldwide. They represent highly productive autotrophic communities and provide many ecosystem services to humans such as shoreline protection and nurseries for commercially important fish. Here we aim at understanding how the structure of a Zostera marina food web changes from March to September. The study area is an eelgrass meadow in the Kiel Fjord (western Baltic Sea). We applied simultaneous triple stable isotope analysis of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur to identify feeding preferences of species. Data were collected biweekly and allowed to construct 15 food webs. We characterized the structure of these food webs through network analysis and studied the trends of different properties with respect to time and average water temperature preceding each sampling. In the second part of the temporal series, the food webs display lower link densities (trophic interactions per species), shorter trophic chains, and lower degrees of omnivory. In summer, trophic specialization prevails and species feed at lower trophic levels. Studying the temporal relationship linking temperature to food web structure may be relevant under climate change conditions.
    Subject code 590
    Publishing country de
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Conference proceedings ; Online: Temporal changes in the structure of a temperate Zostera marina food web

    Scotti, Marco / Mittermayr, Agnes

    2015  

    Abstract: Seagrass meadows are widely distributed in coastal zones worldwide. They represent highly productive autotrophic communities and provide many ecosystem services to humans such as shoreline protection and nurseries for commercially important fish. Here we ...

    Abstract Seagrass meadows are widely distributed in coastal zones worldwide. They represent highly productive autotrophic communities and provide many ecosystem services to humans such as shoreline protection and nurseries for commercially important fish. Here we aim at understanding how the structure of a Zostera marina food web changes from March to September. The study area is an eelgrass meadow in the Kiel Fjord (western Baltic Sea). We applied simultaneous triple stable isotope analysis of carbon, nitrogen and sulfur to identify feeding preferences of species. Data were collected biweekly and allowed to construct 15 food webs. We characterized the structure of these food webs through network analysis and studied the trends of different properties with respect to time and average water temperature preceding each sampling. In the second part of the temporal series, the food webs display lower link densities (trophic interactions per species), shorter trophic chains, and lower degrees of omnivory. In summer, trophic specialization prevails and species feed at lower trophic levels. Studying the temporal relationship linking temperature to food web structure may be relevant under climate change conditions.
    Subject code 590
    Publishing country de
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article: Temporal dietary shift in jellyfish revealed by stable isotope analysis.

    Javidpour, Jamileh / Cipriano-Maack, Ashlie N / Mittermayr, Agnes / Dierking, Jan

    Marine biology

    2016  Volume 163, Page(s) 112

    Abstract: A temporal change in the stable isotope (SI) composition of jellyfish in the Kiel Fjord, Western Baltic Sea, was documented by analyzing ... ...

    Abstract A temporal change in the stable isotope (SI) composition of jellyfish in the Kiel Fjord, Western Baltic Sea, was documented by analyzing δ
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04-22
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1117-4
    ISSN 1432-1793 ; 0025-3162
    ISSN (online) 1432-1793
    ISSN 0025-3162
    DOI 10.1007/s00227-016-2892-0
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  7. Conference proceedings ; Online: Tracing eelgrass foodwebs

    Mittermayr, Agnes / Hansen, Thomas

    simultaneous analysis of d13C, d15N and d34S of low biomass samples

    2014  

    Publishing country de
    Document type Conference proceedings ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  8. Article ; Online: Temporal dietary shift in jellyfish revealed by stable isotope analysis

    Javidpour, Jamileh / Cipriano-Maack, Ashlie N. / Mittermayr, Agnes / Dierking, Jan

    2016  

    Abstract: A temporal change in the stable isotope (SI) composition of jellyfish in the Kiel Fjord, Western Baltic Sea, was documented by analyzing δ13C, δ15N and δ34S of bell tissue of Aurelia aurita and Cyanea capillata in the period between June and October 2011. ...

    Abstract A temporal change in the stable isotope (SI) composition of jellyfish in the Kiel Fjord, Western Baltic Sea, was documented by analyzing δ13C, δ15N and δ34S of bell tissue of Aurelia aurita and Cyanea capillata in the period between June and October 2011. A strong and significant temporal change in all SI values of A. aurita was found, including an increase of ~3 ‰ in δ13C, a decrease of ~4 ‰ in δ15N and sharp decline of ~7 ‰ in δ34S. While knowledge gaps in jellyfish isotope ecology, in particular the lack of reliable trophic enrichment factors, call for a conservative interpretation of our data, observed changes in particular in δ34S, as indicated by means of a MixSIR mixing model, would be consistent with a temporal dietary shift in A. aurita from mesozooplankton (>150 µm) to microplankton and small re-suspended particles (0.8–20 µm) from the benthos. Presence of a hitherto unidentified food source not included in the model could also contribute to the shift. During the 2-month occurrence of C. capillata, its isotope composition remained stable and was consistent with a mainly mesozooplanktonic diet. Mixing model output, mainly driven by δ34S values, indicated a lower proportion of A. aurita in the diet of C. capillata than previously reported, and thus to a potentially lesser importance of intraguild predation among jellyfish in the Kiel Fjord. Overall, our results clearly highlighted the potential for substantial intraspecific isotopic seasonal variation in jellyfish, which should be taken into account in future feeding ecology studies on this group.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-04-22
    Publisher Springer
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  9. Article ; Online: Simultaneous analysis of δ13C, δ15N and δ34S ratios uncovers food web relationships and the trophic importance of epiphytes in an eelgrass, Zostera marina community

    Mittermayr, Agnes / Hansen, Thomas / Sommer, Ulrich

    2014  

    Abstract: Simultaneous analysis of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur stable isotope ratios was applied in this pilot study to examine the food web of a Zostera marina L. system in the western Baltic Sea. Samples of three potential food sources: eelgrass, epiphytic ... ...

    Abstract Simultaneous analysis of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur stable isotope ratios was applied in this pilot study to examine the food web of a Zostera marina L. system in the western Baltic Sea. Samples of three potential food sources: eelgrass, epiphytic algae and seston, as well as 69 consumer species were collected during the growing season of Z. marina from March to September 2011. The measured δ13C values of epiphytes (-14.1‰ ± 1.8 SD) were close to δ13C values of eelgrass (-11.6‰ ± 1.8 SD), impeding a clear distinction of those two carbon sources, whereas seston δ13C values (-20.9‰ ± 3.5 SD) were clearly different. This frequently encountered problem was solved by the additional use of δ34S, which resulted in easily distinguishable values for sediment and seawater derived sulphur. Values of primary producer δ34S ranged from 5.6‰ (± 2.3 SD) for Z. marina leaves to 14.2‰ (± 1.6 SD) for epiphytes and 11.9‰ (± 3.3 SD) for seston. The combination of δ34S and δ13C values made a separation of carbon sources possible and enabled the allocation of potential food sources to consumers and a description of their trophic relationships. The data of stable isotope ratio analysis of this eelgrass community strongly indicate a food web based on epiphyte and seston production. δ15N values show a food web consisting of large numbers of generalists and a high degree of omnivory amongst the consumer species analysed. This implies an occupation of every trophic position possible, which is supported by a continuous distribution of δ15N values. Previously described eelgrass food webs may have to be re-evaluated to include sulfur in order to provide a clear picture on primary carbon sources.
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-02-05
    Publisher Inter Research
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  10. Article ; Online: Temporal variation in stable isotope composition (δ13C, δ15N and δ34S) of a temperate Zostera marina food web

    Mittermayr, Agnes / Fox, S. E. / Sommer, Ulrich

    2014  

    Abstract: Simultaneous triple stable isotope analysis of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur was employed to study the temporal variation in the food web of a subtidal eelgrass Zostera marina bed in the western Baltic Sea. Samples of 3 potential food sources (eelgrass, ... ...

    Abstract Simultaneous triple stable isotope analysis of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur was employed to study the temporal variation in the food web of a subtidal eelgrass Zostera marina bed in the western Baltic Sea. Samples of 3 potential food sources (eelgrass, epiphytes and seston) and consumer species were collected biweekly from March through September 2011. Temporal variation of stable isotope compositions was observed in primary producers and consumer species. However, variation between replicates, particularly omnivores, often exceeded variation over time. The high degree of omnivory among the generalist feeders in this eelgrass community allows for generalist feeders to flexibly switch food sources, thus enhancing food-web stability. As coastal systems are subject to seasonal changes, as well as alterations related to human disturbance and climate, these food webs may retain a certain resilience due to their plentiful omnivores.
    Subject code 590
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-05-28
    Publisher Inter Research
    Publishing country de
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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