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Article: Physiological adjustment effect of visual stimulation by fresh rose flowers on sympathetic nervous activity.

Ikei, Harumi / Song, Chorong / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

2023 Volume 14, Page(s) 1159458

Abstract: Introduction: As modern societies are often stressful due to urbanization and artificialization, the physiological relaxing effects of natural environments or nature-derived stimuli on humans have attracted attention and scientific data are being ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: As modern societies are often stressful due to urbanization and artificialization, the physiological relaxing effects of natural environments or nature-derived stimuli on humans have attracted attention and scientific data are being accumulated. It is known that there is inter-individual variation in these effects. The study aim was to apply the law of initial values to investigate the physiological adjustment effect of viewing fresh roses on sympathetic nervous activity. Methods: In this crossover study, a total of 214 high school students, office workers, healthcare workers, and elderly people were analyzed. The participants viewed fresh roses in a vase for 4 min. In the control condition, participants did not view any fresh roses during the period. To offset any order effect, participants received visual stimuli in the order of fresh roses then the control (no fresh roses) or the control and then fresh roses. ln (LF/HF) of heart rate variability (HRV) obtained from a-a interval measurements using an acceleration plethysmograph and used as an index of sympathetic nervous activity. The initial value was ln (LF/HF) of HRV during the control viewing (no fresh roses), and the change value was ln(LF/HF) of HRV during visual stimulation by fresh roses minus the control viewing. Results and discussion: The correlation between the two was assessed by determining Pearson's correlation coefficient r, which was significantly negative. A physiological adjustment effect was observed such that participants with high initial sympathetic nervous activity showed a decrease in activity after visual stimulation with fresh roses, whereas participants with low initial activity showed an increase.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2563826-9
ISSN	1664-1078
ISSN	1664-1078
DOI	10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1159458
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Physiological Effects of Visual Stimulation by a Japanese Low Wooden Table: A Crossover Field Experiment.

Ikei, Harumi / Jo, Hyunju / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

International journal of environmental research and public health

2023 Volume 20, Issue 14

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological effects of visual stimulation by a unique Japanese low wooden table on the prefrontal cortex and autonomic nervous activities. A within-participants experiment with 26 male university students ... ...

Abstract	The purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological effects of visual stimulation by a unique Japanese low wooden table on the prefrontal cortex and autonomic nervous activities. A within-participants experiment with 26 male university students was conducted in a Japanese-style room. The visual stimuli were a low wooden table (WT) made of Japanese cypress and a low cloth-covered table (control) for an exposure time of 90 s. Near-infrared spectroscopy was used to measure the prefrontal cortex activity in the left and right prefrontal cortices as an indicator of oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentration. Autonomic nervous activity was measured as an indicator of sympathetic (low-frequency/high-frequency component ratio, LF/HF), and parasympathetic (high-frequency components, HF) nervous activities were assessed by heart rate variability. Furthermore, the modified semantic differential method and the Profile of Mood States 2nd edition were used to measure psychological responses. Physiologically, the oxy-Hb concentration in the left prefrontal cortex and ln (LF/HF) were significantly lower during visual exposure to the WT than to the control. Psychologically, more comfortable, relaxed, and natural impressions, as well as improved mood states, were reported during visual stimulation to the WT than to the control. This study demonstrated that viewing a WT led to physiological relaxation and had a positive psychological effect on the participants.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Photic Stimulation ; Prefrontal Cortex/physiology ; Heart Rate/physiology ; Relaxation/psychology ; Oxyhemoglobins/analysis
Chemical Substances	Oxyhemoglobins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-07-12
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20146351
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Article: Physiological and Psychological Benefits of Viewing an Autumn Foliage Mountain Landscape Image among Young Women

Jo, Hyunju / Ikei, Harumi / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

Forests. 2022 Sept. 15, v. 13, no. 9

2022

Abstract: Empirically, viewing nature landscapes, including mountains, can promote relaxation. This study aimed to examine the physiological and psychological effects of visual stimulation using an autumn foliage mountain landscape image on autonomic nervous and ... ...

Abstract	Empirically, viewing nature landscapes, including mountains, can promote relaxation. This study aimed to examine the physiological and psychological effects of visual stimulation using an autumn foliage mountain landscape image on autonomic nervous and brain activities. We included 27 female university students who viewed mountain and city (control) landscape images displayed on a large, high-resolution display for 90 seconds. As an indicator of autonomic nervous activity, heart rate variability (high frequency [HF], reflecting parasympathetic nervous activity, and low frequency/high frequency [LF/HF], reflecting sympathetic nervous activity) and heart rate were recorded. Simultaneously, as an indicator of brain activity, oxyhemoglobin concentrations in the prefrontal cortex were assessed using near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy. Viewing the mountain landscape image significantly increased HF, indicating increased parasympathetic nervous activity. Furthermore, the visual stimulation using the mountain image induced comfortable, relaxed, and natural feelings, as well as improved mood states. In conclusion, viewing an autumn foliage mountain landscape image via large display induced physiological and psychological relaxation in women in their 20s.
Keywords	autumn ; emotions ; females ; heart rate ; landscapes ; leaves ; prefrontal cortex ; spectroscopy
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-0915
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f13091492
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Effects of visual stimulation using wooden-wall images with different amounts of knots on psychological and physiological responses

Nakamura, Masashi / Ikei, Harumi / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

Wood Sci Technol. 2022 Nov., v. 56, no. 6 p.1869-1886

2022

Abstract: Wood is an important material used in decorating human living environment. Knots are prominent features found on wood surface. Moreover, they are commonly considered as undesirable surface defects, which reduce not only the mechanical properties but also ...

Abstract	Wood is an important material used in decorating human living environment. Knots are prominent features found on wood surface. Moreover, they are commonly considered as undesirable surface defects, which reduce not only the mechanical properties but also the aesthetic qualities of lumber. The effects of visual stimulation using knotty wood on psychological responses among humans have been relatively well investigated. However, only few studies have assessed physiological responses. Hence, the present study aimed to assess whether knotty wood surface can reduce not only psychological but also physiological benefits for humans. Two full-sized knotty wooden-wall images and a clear wooden-wall image were used as visual stimuli using computer graphics techniques. Twenty-eight adult Japanese female university students viewed each image for 90 s in random order. During exposure to the visual stimuli, the oxyhemoglobin concentrations in the left and right prefrontal cortex and heart rate variability were consecutively measured and utilized as indicators of central and autonomic nervous system activities, respectively. In addition, the psychological effects of knotty images were examined using the modified semantic differential method and the Profile of Mood State 2nd Edition. There was no significant difference in the effects of the three images on physiological responses. All visual stimuli more or less promoted psychological comfort and relaxation. However, compared with the clear wooden-wall image, the wooden-wall image with several knots was associated with reduced psychological benefits, and the psychological responses in viewing the wooden-wall image with few knots did not remarkably differ.
Keywords	adults ; aesthetics ; autonomic nervous system ; computer graphics ; emotions ; females ; heart rate ; humans ; lumber ; prefrontal cortex ; wood
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-11
Size	p. 1869-1886.
Publishing place	Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	241313-9
ISSN	0043-7719
ISSN	0043-7719
DOI	10.1007/s00226-022-01419-5
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Relaxation Effect of Nature Sound Exposure on Gambling Disorder Patients: A Crossover Study.

Ochiai, Hiroko / Ikei, Harumi / Jo, Hyunju / Ohishi, Masayuki / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

Journal of integrative and complementary medicine

2023 Volume 29, Issue 8, Page(s) 518–525

Abstract: Objective: ...

Abstract	Objective:
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Male ; Cross-Over Studies ; Emotions ; Gambling ; Relaxation/physiology ; Relaxation/psychology ; Relaxation Therapy
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-03-27
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Clinical Trial ; Journal Article
ISSN	2768-3613
ISSN (online)	2768-3613
DOI	10.1089/jicm.2022.0611
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Seasonal Differences in Physiological Responses to Walking in Urban Parks.

Song, Chorong / Ikei, Harumi / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 19

Abstract: The aim of the current study was to assess seasonal differences in physiological responses to walking in urban parks. In total, 51 Japanese male university students participated in this research. During each season, the participants walked for 15 min in ... ...

Abstract	The aim of the current study was to assess seasonal differences in physiological responses to walking in urban parks. In total, 51 Japanese male university students participated in this research. During each season, the participants walked for 15 min in an urban park and a city area, which was used as the control site. Heart-rate variability and heart rate were used as physiological indicators. The mean values of each indicator in a comparison between walking in an urban park and a city area were compared according to each season. In addition, to show the physiological effect of walking in an urban park, differences (between walking in an urban park and walking in a city area) were calculated. Then, differences according to each season were compared. The results showed that the participants had increased parasympathetic nervous system activity in all seasons except summer. Moreover, they had decreased sympathetic nervous system activity in spring and fall and decreased heart rate in all seasons. Compared with walking in urban parks in summer, walking in urban parks in spring, fall, and winter had a greater relaxation effect on parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous system activities; hence, the physiological effects of walking in urban parks vary based on season.
MeSH term(s)	Cities ; Humans ; Male ; Parks, Recreational ; Relaxation/physiology ; Seasons ; Walking/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph191912154
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Article ; Online: Physiological and Psychological Responses of Viewing a Waterfall Image: A Crossover Study.

Jo, Hyunju / Ikei, Harumi / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 20, Issue 1

Abstract: Growing interest in the relaxation effect of nature has elicited demands for scientific verification of the various natural elements. This study investigated the physiological and psychological responses of 27 females in their 20 s to viewing a waterfall ...

Abstract	Growing interest in the relaxation effect of nature has elicited demands for scientific verification of the various natural elements. This study investigated the physiological and psychological responses of 27 females in their 20 s to viewing a waterfall and urban images (control) presented via a large, high-resolution display for 90 s. High-frequency [HF] for parasympathetic nervous activity and the ratio of low-frequency (LF)/[LF + HF] for sympathetic nervous activity by heart rate variability and heart rate were recorded. Simultaneous changes in oxyhemoglobin concentration in the prefrontal cortex were recorded by near-infrared time-resolved spectroscopy. The modified semantic differential method and Profile of Mood States Second Edition were used to assess the psychological effects on the participants after viewing each image. The results showed that viewing the waterfall image, compared with viewing the urban image, (1) increased sympathetic nervous activity; (2) provided comfortable, relaxed, and natural impressions; (3) improved mood states. In conclusion, visual contact with a waterfall image physiologically activated sympathetic nervous activity and psychologically evoked positive moods and feelings.
MeSH term(s)	Female ; Humans ; Cross-Over Studies ; Parasympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Sympathetic Nervous System/physiology ; Emotions ; Affect ; Heart Rate/physiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph20010565
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Effects of forest-derived visual, auditory, and combined stimuli

Song, Chorong / Ikei, Harumi / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

Urban forestry & urban greening. 2021 Sept., v. 64

2021

Abstract: This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of forest-derived visual, auditory, and combined stimulation on brain activity, autonomic nervous system activity, and subjective spatial impressions. The participants included 20 Japanese female university ... ...

Abstract	This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of forest-derived visual, auditory, and combined stimulation on brain activity, autonomic nervous system activity, and subjective spatial impressions. The participants included 20 Japanese female university students (age 22.1 ± 1.8 years). Each participant viewed a gray image for 60 s with no sound (rest period), followed by an image of a forest scene with no sound (visual stimulation), a gray image with forest sounds (auditory stimulation), an image of a forest scene with forest sounds (combined stimulation), and a gray image with no sound (control) for 90 s. As indicators, near-infrared spectroscopy, heart rate variability measurement, heart rate monitoring, and modified semantic differential method were used. Compared to the control condition, combined stimulation significantly decreased oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb) concentrations in both prefrontal cortices and increased parasympathetic nervous activity, reflecting a relaxed state; visual and auditory stimulation significantly decreased the oxy-Hb concentration in the right prefrontal cortex; and “comfortable,” “relaxed,” “natural,” and “realistic” feelings increased significantly for all stimulations. In conclusion, forest-derived visual, auditory, and combined stimuli induced physiologically and psychologically relaxing effects, and physiological relaxation was more pronounced under combined stimulus.
Keywords	autonomic nervous system ; females ; forests ; heart rate ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; prefrontal cortex ; urban forestry
Language	English
Dates of publication	2021-09
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ISSN	1618-8667
DOI	10.1016/j.ufug.2021.127253
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Individual differences in the psychological effects of forest sounds based on type A and type B behavior patterns

Jo, Hyunju / Ikei, Harumi / Song, Chorong / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

Urban forestry & urban greening. 2020 Nov., v. 55

2020

Abstract: Studies on the psychological effects of nature have been increasing, but few studies have focused on individual differences in these effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the individual differences in the psychological effects of forest ... ...

Abstract	Studies on the psychological effects of nature have been increasing, but few studies have focused on individual differences in these effects. The purpose of this study was to examine the individual differences in the psychological effects of forest sounds based on Type A and Type B behavior patterns. The Kwansei Gakuin (KG) daily life questionnaire was used as an indicator for Type A and Type B behavior patterns. This study included 29 female university students (mean age, 22.3 ± 2.1 years) who were exposed to high-resolution forest and city sounds for 60 s, and they provided subjective evaluations on a modified Semantic Differential method and the Profile of Mood States questionnaire. After exposure to the forest sounds, the Type A group (n = 12) reported higher levels of feeling comfortable, relaxed, and natural, as well as lower levels of anger–hostility, than the Type B group (n = 17). The findings demonstrated that the Type A and Type B groups experienced different psychological effects from forest-derived auditory stimulation.
Keywords	college students ; emotions ; females ; forests ; psychosocial factors ; questionnaires
Language	English
Dates of publication	2020-11
Publishing place	Elsevier GmbH
Document type	Article
ISSN	1618-8667
DOI	10.1016/j.ufug.2020.126855
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Physiological and Psychological Effects of Viewing Forests on Young Women

Song, Chorong / Ikei, Harumi / Kagawa, Takahide / Miyazaki, Yoshifumi

Forests. 2019 July 27, v. 10, no. 8

2019

Abstract: Research Highlights: This study demonstrated that viewing forest landscapes induced physical and mental health benefits on young women. Background and Objectives: The health-promoting effects of spending time in forests have received increasing attention; ...

Abstract	Research Highlights: This study demonstrated that viewing forest landscapes induced physical and mental health benefits on young women. Background and Objectives: The health-promoting effects of spending time in forests have received increasing attention; however, there is a lack of evidence-based research investigating the effects of spending time in forests on women. This study aimed to evaluate the physiological and psychological effects of viewing forest landscapes on young women. Materials and Methods: The experiments were conducted in six forests and six city areas and included 65 women (mean age, 21.0 ± 1.3 years). Participants viewed a forest and a city area for 15 min, during which their heart rate variability and heart rate were measured continuously. Blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after the viewing. After the viewing, participants’ psychological responses were assessed using the modified semantic differential method, Profile of Mood States (POMS), and the State–Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results: Compared with viewing city areas, viewing forest landscapes was associated with significantly higher parasympathetic nervous activity and lower sympathetic nervous activity and heart rate. Moreover, scores of the comfortable, relaxed, and natural parameters and vigor subscales of POMS were significantly higher with forest viewing. The scores of negative feelings, such as tension–anxiety, depression–dejection, anger–hostility, fatigue, and confusion, were significantly lower, as were scores for the total mood disturbance observed using POMS and the anxiety dimension observed using STAI. Conclusions: Viewing forest landscapes resulted in physiological and psychological relaxations in young women.
Keywords	anxiety ; blood pressure ; forests ; health promotion ; heart rate ; inventories ; landscapes ; mental health ; physiological response ; psychosocial factors ; vigor ; women
Language	English
Dates of publication	2019-0727
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article
ZDB-ID	2527081-3
ISSN	1999-4907
ISSN	1999-4907
DOI	10.3390/f10080635
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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