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  1. Article ; Online: Comprehensive Assessment for the Potential Environmental Impacts of the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam on the Downstream Countries

    Karim M. Morsy / Gaber Abdelatif / Mohamed K. Mostafa

    Air, Soil and Water Research, Vol

    Itaipu Dam in the Rearview Mirror

    2021  Volume 14

    Abstract: This article provides a comparative environmental assessment for the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) learning from Itaipu dam experience. The article gives a full insight about the potential political and technical concerns that may affect the ... ...

    Abstract This article provides a comparative environmental assessment for the Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) learning from Itaipu dam experience. The article gives a full insight about the potential political and technical concerns that may affect the downstream countries as a result of the construction of GERD and proposed a solution and way forward for the negotiation based on joint collaboration perspective. Based on the analytical comparison conducted between GERD and Itaipu, the results showed that the total annual carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions expected to be released from the GERD during the operation is 3,927 tCO 2 eq, while other secondary emissions were estimated to be 16.17 tons, mainly of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides. Also, the ratio of power generation to reservoir capacity of the GERD was questionable, since Ethiopia has announced that the dam is built only for power generation and that there is no intention to utilize water from the dam reservoir. On the other side, the water quality - represented in turbidity, total suspended solids (TSS), dissolved oxygen (DO), total phosphorus (TP), and chemical oxygen demand (COD) - behind the GERD is expected to deteriorate dramatically. Also, an increase in total nitrogen (TN) is expected to occur depending on human activities. Accordingly, the article discussed thoughtfully the potential adverse impacts of the GERD on downstream countries and the possible mitigation options. The article also extended to discuss proposals for practical solutions that pave the road for joint collaboration between the three countries to achieve a transparent resolution and a fair resources utilization.
    Keywords Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SAGE Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  2. Article ; Online: Predicting Cu(II) Adsorption from Aqueous Solutions onto Nano Zero-Valent Aluminum (nZVAl) by Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence Techniques

    Ahmed H. Sadek / Omar M. Fahmy / Mahmoud Nasr / Mohamed K. Mostafa

    Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 2081, p

    2023  Volume 2081

    Abstract: Predicting the heavy metals adsorption performance from contaminated water is a major environment-associated topic, demanding information on different machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques. In this research, nano zero-valent aluminum ( ... ...

    Abstract Predicting the heavy metals adsorption performance from contaminated water is a major environment-associated topic, demanding information on different machine learning and artificial intelligence techniques. In this research, nano zero-valent aluminum (nZVAl) was tested to eliminate Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions, modeling and predicting the Cu(II) removal efficiency (R%) using the adsorption factors. The prepared nZVAl was characterized for elemental composition and surface morphology and texture. It was depicted that, at an initial Cu(II) level (C o ) 50 mg/L, nZVAl dose 1.0 g/L, pH 5, mixing speed 150 rpm, and 30 °C, the R% was 53.2 ± 2.4% within 10 min. The adsorption data were well defined by the Langmuir isotherm model ( R 2 : 0.925) and pseudo-second-order (PSO) kinetic model ( R 2 : 0.9957). The best modeling technique used to predict R% was artificial neural network (ANN), followed by support vector regression (SVR) and linear regression (LR). The high accuracy of ANN, with MSE < 10 −5 , suggested its applicability to maximize the nZVAl performance for removing Cu(II) from contaminated water at large scale and under different operational conditions.
    Keywords adsorption optimization ; aluminum-based nanoparticles ; Cu(II) ; linear regression ; neural network ; support vector regression ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Computational-Based Approaches for Predicting Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Removal in Adsorption Process

    Mohamed K. Mostafa / Ahmed S. Mahmoud / Mohamed S. Mahmoud / Mahmoud Nasr

    Adsorption Science & Technology, Vol

    2022  Volume 2022

    Abstract: Predicting the adsorption performance to remove organic pollutants from wastewater is an essential environmental-related topic, requiring knowledge of various statistical tools and artificial intelligence techniques. Hence, this study is the first to ... ...

    Abstract Predicting the adsorption performance to remove organic pollutants from wastewater is an essential environmental-related topic, requiring knowledge of various statistical tools and artificial intelligence techniques. Hence, this study is the first to develop a quadratic regression model and artificial neural network (ANN) for predicting biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) removal under different adsorption conditions. Nanozero-valent iron encapsulated into cellulose acetate (CA/nZVI) was synthesized, characterized by XRD, SEM, and EDS, and used as an efficient adsorbent for BOD reduction. Results indicated that the medium pH and adsorption time should be adjusted around 7 and 30 min, respectively, to maintain the highest BOD removal efficiency of 96.4% at initial BOD concentration Co=100 mg/L, mixing rate=200 rpm, and adsorbent dosage of 3 g/L. An optimized ANN structure of 5–10–1, with the “trainlm” back-propagation learning algorithm, achieved the highest predictive performance for BOD removal (R2: 0.972, Adj-R2: 0.971, RMSE: 1.449, and SSE: 56.680). Based on the ANN sensitivity analysis, the relative importance of the adsorption factors could be arranged as pH>adsorbent dosage>time≈stirring speed>Co. A quadratic regression model was developed to visualize the impacts of adsorption factors on the BOD removal efficiency, optimizing pH at 7.3 and time at 46.2 min. The accuracy of the quadratic regression and ANN models in predicting BOD removal was approximately comparable. Hence, these computational-based methods could further maximize the performance of CA/nZVI material for removing BOD from wastewater under different adsorption conditions. The applicability of these modeling techniques would guide the stakeholders and industrial sector to overcome the nonlinearity and complexity issues related to the adsorption process.
    Keywords Physical and theoretical chemistry ; QD450-801
    Subject code 660
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher Hindawi - SAGE Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  4. Article ; Online: Remote Sensing Surveillance of NO 2 , SO 2 , CO, and AOD along the Suez Canal Pre- and Post-COVID-19 Lockdown Periods and during the Blockage

    Gamil Gamal / Omar M. Abdeldayem / Hoda Elattar / Salma Hendy / Mohamed Elsayed Gabr / Mohamed K. Mostafa

    Sustainability, Vol 15, Iss 9362, p

    2023  Volume 9362

    Abstract: This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ever Given ship blockage on the air quality in Suez Canal region. Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and aerosol optical depth (AOD) were studied, ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the Ever Given ship blockage on the air quality in Suez Canal region. Nitrogen dioxide (NO 2 ), sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), and aerosol optical depth (AOD) were studied, and data were obtained from satellite instruments. The study compared monthly average data for 2020, 2021, and 2022 with a baseline period of 2017–2019 to investigate the pandemic’s effect. The study also analyzed the corresponding period of the canal blockage to identify its impact on air pollution levels. The pandemic had a significant role in decreasing NO 2 by 2.5 × 10 14 molecule/cm 2 and SO 2 by 0.05 DU due to reduced car traffic and industrial activities. A reduction in AOD by 20% and CO concentration in the range from 3.5% to 4.7% was reported in early 2020. During the blockage, NO 2 and SO 2 levels decreased by 14.4% and 66.0%, respectively, while CO and AOD index increased by 12.68% and 51.0%, respectively. The study concludes that the containment measures during the pandemic had a positive impact on the environment, which shows how the reduction in the anthropogenic activities, especially industrial and transportation activities, have improved the air quality. Thus, stricter actions are needed to protect the environment; for example, the transition towards the using of electric vehicle is necessary, which is part of Egypt’s strategy to transition towards a green economy. The government should also adopt a policy to trade carbon emissions reduction certificates to help reduce air pollution.
    Keywords aerosol ; COVID-19 ; nitrogen and sulfur oxides ; particulate matter ; Suez Canal ; satellite data ; Environmental effects of industries and plants ; TD194-195 ; Renewable energy sources ; TJ807-830 ; Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 333
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  5. Article ; Online: Effective Chromium Adsorption From Aqueous Solutions and Tannery Wastewater Using Bimetallic Fe/Cu Nanoparticles

    Ahmed S. Mahmoud / Nouran Y. Mohamed / Mohamed K. Mostafa / Mohamed S. Mahmoud

    Air, Soil and Water Research, Vol

    Response Surface Methodology and Artificial Neural Network

    2021  Volume 14

    Abstract: Tannery industrial effluent is one of the most difficult wastewater types since it contains a huge concentration of organic, oil, and chrome (Cr). This study successfully prepared and applied bimetallic Fe/Cu nanoparticles (Fe/Cu NPs) for chrome removal. ...

    Abstract Tannery industrial effluent is one of the most difficult wastewater types since it contains a huge concentration of organic, oil, and chrome (Cr). This study successfully prepared and applied bimetallic Fe/Cu nanoparticles (Fe/Cu NPs) for chrome removal. In the beginning, the Fe/Cu NPs was equilibrated by pure aqueous chrome solution at different operating conditions (lab scale), then the nanomaterial was applied in semi full scale. The operating conditions indicated that Fe/Cu NPs was able to adsorb 68% and 33% of Cr for initial concentrations of 1 and 9 mg/L, respectively. The removal occurred at pH 3 using 0.6 g/L Fe/Cu dose, stirring rate 200 r/min, contact time 20 min, and constant temperature 20 ± 2ºC. Adsorption isotherm proved that the Khan model is the most appropriate model for Cr removal using Fe/Cu NPs with the minimum error sum of 0.199. According to khan, the maximum uptakes was 20.5 mg/g Cr. Kinetic results proved that Pseudo Second Order mechanism with the least possible error of 0.098 indicated that the adsorption mechanism is chemisorption. Response surface methodology (RSM) equation was developed with a significant p -value = 0 to label the relations between Cr removal and different experimental parameters. Artificial neural networks (ANNs) were performed with a structure of 5-4-1 and the achieved results indicated that the effect of the dose is the most dominated variable for Cr removal. Application of Fe/Cu NPs in real tannery wastewater showed its ability to degrade and disinfect organic and biological contaminants in addition to chrome adsorption. The reduction in chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), total suspended solids (TSS), total phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), Cr, hydrogen sulfide (H 2 S), and oil reached 61.5%, 49.5%, 44.8%, 100%, 38.9%, 96.3%, 88.7%, and 29.4%, respectively.
    Keywords Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 660
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-06-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SAGE Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  6. Article ; Online: Life Cycle Assessment of Upgrading Primary Wastewater Treatment Plants to Secondary Treatment Including a Circular Economy Approach

    Karim M Morsy / Mohamed K Mostafa / Khaled Z Abdalla / Mona M Galal

    Air, Soil and Water Research, Vol

    2020  Volume 13

    Abstract: Although significant progress has been achieved in the field of environmental impact assessment in many engineering disciplines, the impact of wastewater treatment plants has not yet been well integrated. In light of this remarkable scientific progress, ... ...

    Abstract Although significant progress has been achieved in the field of environmental impact assessment in many engineering disciplines, the impact of wastewater treatment plants has not yet been well integrated. In light of this remarkable scientific progress, the outputs of the plants as treated water and clean sludge have become potential sources of irrigation and energy, not a waste. The aim of this study is to assess the environmental impacts of upgrading the wastewater treatment plants from primary to secondary treatment. The Lifecycle Assessment Framework (ISO 14040 and 14044) was applied using GaBi Software. Abu Rawash wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) has been taken as a case study. Two scenarios were studied, Scenario 1 is the current situation of the WWTP using the primary treatment units and Scenario 2 is upgrading the WWTP by adding secondary treatment units. The study highlighted the influence and cumulative impact of upgrading all the primary WWTPs in Egypt to secondary treatment. With the high amount of energy consumed in the aeration process, energy recovery methods were proposed to boost the circular economy concept in Abu Rawash WWTP in order to achieve optimal results from environmental and economic perspectives.
    Keywords Environmental sciences ; GE1-350
    Subject code 660
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher SAGE Publishing
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Article ; Online: Performance of the Dual-Chamber Fungal Fuel Cell in Treating Tannery Wastewater

    Mohamed S. Mahmoud / Jian-Hui Wang / Yu Shen / Zhi-Wei Guo / Yan Yang / Dao-Chen Zhu / Robert W. Peters / Mohamed K. Mostafa / Ahmed S. Mahmoud

    Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 10710, p

    2023  Volume 10710

    Abstract: Fungi are typically expressed as excellent microorganisms that produce extracellular enzymes used in the bioaccumulation phenomenon. In this study, laboratory-scale dual-chamber fungal fuel cells (FFCs) were applied as an alternate approach for the ... ...

    Abstract Fungi are typically expressed as excellent microorganisms that produce extracellular enzymes used in the bioaccumulation phenomenon. In this study, laboratory-scale dual-chamber fungal fuel cells (FFCs) were applied as an alternate approach for the available degradation of complex organic pollutants represented in chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total nitrogen (TN), as well as inorganic pollutants represented as total chromium (Cr), and the generation of bioenergy represented in output voltages (V), power density (PD) and current density (CD), as applied to tannery effluent. Aspergillus niger strain, ( A. niger ), which makes up 40% of the fungal population in tannery effluent was examined in a training study for efficient hexavalent chromium bioaccumulation, especially in high concentrations. The trained A. niger showed a faster growth rate than the untrained one in broth media containing different loaded chromium concentrations. For an external resistance of 1000 Ω, two FFCs were utilized, one with electrolytic matrices including phosphate buffer solution (PBS) and bicarbonate buffer solution (BBS), and the other without electrolytic matrices, where the energy generation and treatment efficacy of the two dual-chamber FFCs were evaluated for a period of 165 h. At 15 h, the electrolytic FFCs showed a high voltage output of 0.814 V, a power density of 0.097 mW·m −2 , and a current density of 0.119 mAm −2 compared to the non-electrolytic FFC. At 165 h, the electrolytic FFCs showed high removal efficiency percentages for COD, TN, and total Cr of up to 77.9%, 94.2%, and 73%, respectively, compared to the non-electrolytic FFC.
    Keywords tannery wastewater ; fungal fuel cell ; bioenergy ; electrolytic matrices ; total chromium ; environmental toxicology ; Technology ; T ; Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General) ; TA1-2040 ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5 ; Physics ; QC1-999 ; Chemistry ; QD1-999
    Subject code 630
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-09-01T00:00:00Z
    Publisher MDPI AG
    Document type Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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