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Article ; Online: The System of Gaps and Alerting the Reader in Modern Arabic Literature

Mohammad Hamad / Mahmoud Kabha

IAFOR Journal of Literature & Librarianship, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 60-

2020 Volume 75

Abstract: This article discusses the system of gaps in modern Arabic literature and how such gaps function to alert readers to specific author intentions and so facilitate the construction of meaning. The system of gaps, this article argues, is fundamental to the ... ...

Abstract	This article discusses the system of gaps in modern Arabic literature and how such gaps function to alert readers to specific author intentions and so facilitate the construction of meaning. The system of gaps, this article argues, is fundamental to the process of literary communication between the text and the reader. Literary meanings are produced through a series of gaps that include the title, polyphonic narrative, circularity, ending, fusion between imagination and reality, punctuation, printed form on the page, reading order, linkage, and echoing. This article also studies the contribution of such gaps in making the reader produce the text’s meaning using, as examples, several short-stories, novels, and poetic texts from modern Arabic literature.
Keywords	literary communication theory ; reader’s gaps ; literary meaning ; modern arabic literature ; Bibliography. Library science. Information resources ; Z
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	The International Academic Forum
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: kdr mutations and deltamethrin resistance in house flies in Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Hamdan, Mohamad / Kamalanathan, Tamilarasan / Iqbal, Asim / Gnanaprakasam, Antony Raj / Shajahan, Sabu / Alsadeq, Mohammad Hamad / Ali, Amgd Sayed / Al-Deeb, Mohammad Ali

Parasites & vectors

2024 Volume 17, Issue 1, Page(s) 47

Abstract: Background: The house fly, Musca domestica, is a significant carrier of diseases that can impact public health. Repeated use of pyrethroid insecticides may act as a selection pressure for mutations and amino acid substitutions in the house fly voltage- ... ...

Abstract	Background: The house fly, Musca domestica, is a significant carrier of diseases that can impact public health. Repeated use of pyrethroid insecticides may act as a selection pressure for mutations and amino acid substitutions in the house fly voltage-sensitive sodium channel (VSSC), which ultimately confers resistance. The objectives of this study were to determine the presence of knockdown resistance (kdr) mutations using molecular tools and to set up a CDC bottle bioassay specific for house flies in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to screen for deltamethrin resistance. Methods: Adult flies were collected from 19 locations in Abu Dhabi, UAE, and DNA was extracted, followed by PCR amplification of specific alleles (PASA) and conventional PCR using several primers to amplify regions of the VSSC gene. Sanger sequencing was performed on PCR products. We also designed primers that detect four kdr mutations using complementary DNA (cDNA) in reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. Additionally, a CDC bottle bioassay was set up for detecting deltamethrin resistance in adult house flies. Results: In PASA, the primers successfully amplified the target bands (480, 280 and 200 bp). The kdr allele was found in flies collected from 18 of the 19 locations, at the highest and lowest prevalence of 46.9% and 9.4%, respectively. Resistant homozygous (RR) insects constituted 5.0% of the tested populations, and heterozygous (RS) insects accounted for 36.5%. The RR genotype was prevalent in house flies collected at 10 of 19 sampling locations. House fly populations were mostly in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, except in three locations. In addition to verifying the presence of the previously identified kdr mutation L1014F, in this study we detected two kdr mutations, L1014H and T929I, that have not previously been reported in the UAE. Also, for the first time in the UAE, a CDC bottle bioassay for deltamethrin resistance was used, which found that 60 min and 4.5 µg/ml were the diagnostic time and dose, respectively. Using this assay, we detected deltamethrin resistance in house flies from two of 16 locations, with a resistance level of 12.5%. Conclusions: Using DNA sequencing, we confirmed the presence of a known kdr mutation and uncovered two new kdr mutations in house flies from Abu Dhabi. Additionally, we detected deltamethrin resistance in these flies using a CDC bottle bioassay. Further research is recommended to comprehensively identify more kdr mutations in UAE house fly populations and assess their impacts on control strategies.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Insecticides/pharmacology ; Diptera ; United Arab Emirates ; Pyrethrins/pharmacology ; Houseflies/genetics ; Mutation ; Insecticide Resistance/genetics ; Nitriles
Chemical Substances	decamethrin (2JTS8R821G) ; Insecticides ; Pyrethrins ; Nitriles
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-02-01
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2409480-8
ISSN	1756-3305 ; 1756-3305
ISSN (online)	1756-3305
ISSN	1756-3305
DOI	10.1186/s13071-024-06128-5
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: An Exploratory Study into Vocabulary Learning Strategies Used by Saudi EFL learners

Mohammad Hamad Al-Khresheh / Shatha F Al-Ruwaili

Tarih Kültür ve Sanat Araştırmaları Dergisi, Vol 9, Iss 2, Pp 288-

2020 Volume 302

Abstract: One of the utmost difficult aspects of language learning is vocabulary. Vocabulary learning has been of prime importance for over two decades. A wide vocabulary is essential for effective and useful communication. Therefore, understanding the strategies ... ...

Abstract	One of the utmost difficult aspects of language learning is vocabulary. Vocabulary learning has been of prime importance for over two decades. A wide vocabulary is essential for effective and useful communication. Therefore, understanding the strategies that language learners use to learn vocabulary is a matter of great importance. This study was carried out on a group of 219 Saudi learners of English so as to determine two things: first, what their uttermost preferable vocabulary learning strategies are, and second, whether there is a statistically significant disparity in the use of these vocabulary strategies due to gender. To these ends, a vocabulary learning strategies questionnaire devised by Schmitt (1997) and revised by Omaar (2016) that consisted of 42 items was utilised. The data from this questionnaire were analyzed with descriptive statistics, including standard deviations and means. Statistical analysis of the data collected showed high reliability (r-0.97, P<0.001). The findings pointed out that memory strategies were reported as most preferable by the subjects of study, subsequently determination, social, and metacognitive strategies. Cognitive strategies were reported to be the least preferable. The only statistically significant disparity due to gender was in the use of memory strategies, where P < 0.05; no other statistically significant disparities were found based on gender in the other types of strategies. Based on these findings, a list of pedagogical implications was suggested and several recommendations for further research were put forward.
Keywords	english teaching ; efl ; saudi students ; vocabulary learning ; learning strategies ; History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Social Sciences ; H ; Social sciences (General) ; H1-99
Subject code	420
Language	Arabic
Publishing date	2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Karabuk University
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Use of Artistic Devices to Forward Female Oppression in Selected Short Stories by Muhammad ‘Ali Saeid

Jamal Ali Assadi / Mohammad Hamad

SAGE Open, Vol

2014 Volume 4

Abstract: This article studies three short stories by Muhammad Ali Saeid (1950-), a writer and critic who lives in Tamrah, the Western Galilee. These stories are “The Delivery” ( Al Wilādah ), “Ḥayāt” (life), and “Devouring” ( Iftirās ), which appeared in Assadi’s ...

Abstract	This article studies three short stories by Muhammad Ali Saeid (1950-), a writer and critic who lives in Tamrah, the Western Galilee. These stories are “The Delivery” ( Al Wilādah ), “Ḥayāt” (life), and “Devouring” ( Iftirās ), which appeared in Assadi’s Father and Son: Selected Short Fiction by Hanna Ibrahim Elias and Mohammad Ali Saeid . It examines the use of the artistic devices used in the selected short stories to highlight “female oppression” as well as the linkage between feminism and post-colonialism, in case of Palestine. Above all, this article confirms that the profound perceptions of Saeid are reflected in his success to control his narrative techniques so artistically that he offers new arenas for academic assessments and analysis. Saeid’s observations also brighten new terrains, where divergent powers can band tunefully to battle subjugation, prejudice, and occupation.
Keywords	History of scholarship and learning. The humanities ; AZ20-999 ; Social Sciences ; H
Subject code	820
Language	English
Publishing date	2014-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	SAGE Publishing
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: A Comparison of Interest-Free and Interest-Based Microfinance in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Mohammad Hamad / Teoman Duman

Evropejskij Issledovatelʹ, Vol 79, Iss 7-2, Pp 1333-

2014 Volume 1350

Abstract: Microfinance has long been used a developmental tool to fight poverty. It has been operational since the 1960s. Recent studies have shown positive impacts of microfinance with respect to generating income and smoothing consumption of its clients. On the ... ...

Abstract	Microfinance has long been used a developmental tool to fight poverty. It has been operational since the 1960s. Recent studies have shown positive impacts of microfinance with respect to generating income and smoothing consumption of its clients. On the other hand, a number of critics argue that microfinance has not been able to achieve its main objective of fighting poverty. This is due to the shift that has taken place in the industry from poverty-focus to profit-oriented business-focus. Above all, microfinance faces other challenges on its way to succeed. One of the major challenges is that the product is not universally applicable or it does not tailor with the belief system of the Muslims despite the fact that one third of the world poor are Muslims. There has been a growing effort to create an ‘Islamic’ model of microfinance. The Islamic Model of Microfinance represents a new paradigm of social enterprise in which profit and loss sharing replaces interest-based financing. The growth of Islamic microfinance has led organizations such as the Consultative Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), a multilateral organization distributing knowledge about Islamic microfinance, and the Islamic Development Bank (IDB) to begin understanding this new way of approaching poverty. The objective of this paper is to review the existing Islamic microfinance institutions (IMFIs) in Bosnia and Herzegovina (BH), and to propose a Shariah compliant microfinance product in Islamic microfinance operations particularly in BH.
Keywords	Microcredit ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Microfinance Institutions ; Interest-free Financing ; Islamic Microfinance Institutions ; Loans ; Repayment ; Poverty ; Debt ; Social Sciences ; H
Subject code	290
Language	Russian
Publishing date	2014-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Academic Publishing House Researcher
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: An Evaluation of Micro-Credit Programs in Bosnia and Herzegovina Using Porter’s Diamond Model

Mohammad HAMAD / Teoman DUMAN

Eurasian Journal of Business and Economics , Vol 6, Iss 12, Pp 27-

2013 Volume 42

Abstract: The effective design and delivery of a microcredit program is difficult under any circumstance. Similarly, the task of microcredit institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina that provide financial stability to its most impoverished members is very much ... ...

Abstract	The effective design and delivery of a microcredit program is difficult under any circumstance. Similarly, the task of microcredit institutions in Bosnia and Herzegovina that provide financial stability to its most impoverished members is very much complicated. The purpose of this paper is to explore competitive advantages that microcredit industry in Bosnia and Herzegovina has by using Porter's diamond model. The demonstration of the Diamond Model is used to explain the competitive advantage that the microcredit industry has in Bosnia and Herzegovina. To analyze the competitive advantages, secondary data were used from various institutional and governmental resources .The findings reflect that the meaningful objectives were set out by microcredit institutions in the country including objectively verifiable indicators of achievements. Among peers in Kosovo and in other Balkan regions (Albania, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia), as well as peers similar in size and market outreach from Eastern Europe and Central Asia (ECA), the Bosnian microcredit institutions are some of the most highly leveraged. There is a clear upward trend in the median indicator for portfolio at risk between 2006 and 2008. The inflationary pressures that started at the end of 2007 in BH as well as the repercussions of the global 2008/2009 financial crisis have affected the repayment capacity of clients. From a policy perspective, the results suggest that in order to improve efficiency in the microcredit sector, and in the financial sector as a whole, a unified banking agency for the country must be established. Despite being hopeful for future, this doesn't seem likely to happen until the Bosnian Constitution is amended sometime in the future.
Keywords	Microcredit ; Bosnia and Herzegovina ; Microcredit Foundations ; Interest ; Indicators ; Loans ; Repayment ; Poverty ; Debt. ; Economic theory. Demography ; HB1-3840 ; Social Sciences ; H ; Business ; HF5001-6182 ; Commerce ; HF1-6182
Subject code	360
Language	English
Publishing date	2013-11-01T00:00:00Z
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: RHETORICAL STRUCTURE ANALYSIS FOR ASSESSING COLLABORATIVE PROCESSES IN CSCL

Mohammad Hamad Allaymoun / Stefan Trausan-Matu

Analele Universităţii "Dunărea de Jos" Galaţi: Fascicula III, Electrotehnică, Electronică, Automatică, Informatică, Vol 38, Iss 1, Pp 17-

2015 Volume 22

Abstract: This paper presents a research on using rhetorical structures for assessing collaborative processes in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) chats. For this purpose, the ideas of Bakhtin’s dialogism theory and Trausan-Matu’s polyphonic model ... ...

Abstract	This paper presents a research on using rhetorical structures for assessing collaborative processes in Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) chats. For this purpose, the ideas of Bakhtin’s dialogism theory and Trausan-Matu’s polyphonic model are used, starting from the identification of the threads of repeated words from chats. Cue phrases and their usage in linking the identified threads are also considered. The results are presented in statistical tables and graphics that ease the understanding of the collaborative process, helping teachers to analyze and assess students' collaborative chats. It also allows students to know and understand the interactions and how it contributes to the conversation.
Keywords	Computer Supported Collaborative Learning ; Collaboration Assessment ; Chat Conversations ; Rhetorical structures ; Cue phrases ; Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering ; TK1-9971 ; Electronic computers. Computer science ; QA75.5-76.95
Subject code	420
Language	English
Publishing date	2015-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Universitatea Dunarea de Jos
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The Future of North-South Dialogue in the Context of Globalization

Mohammad Hamad Al-Katatsheh / Mohammad Salim Al-Rawashdeh

Journal of Politics and Law, Vol 4, Iss

2011 Volume 2

Abstract: One of the most important characteristic features of today’s digital age is the current and spread globalization, which has multi- political, cultural, social and economic aspects. The concept of globalization is a dialectic phenomenon that is seen by ... ...

Abstract	One of the most important characteristic features of today’s digital age is the current and spread globalization, which has multi- political, cultural, social and economic aspects. The concept of globalization is a dialectic phenomenon that is seen by many writers as a necessary evil. In the present paper researchers explain the idea that globalization plays a real role in reducing the gap between the North and South, particularly issues related to economic gaps in order to achieve justice and the interests of the people of these States. The current paper attempts to clarify the current international factors stimulating this dialog and the suitability of the global climate participating in enhancing the efforts behind the dialogue. The paper focuses on issues related to dialogue in the context of globalization, the extent of the role of globalization in reducing the gap between the North and South, and the dominant role of the United States in this process. The current paper concludes that the globalization with all of its instruments reflects the U.S. hegemony over the whole process of dialogue between the states of North and South.
Keywords	Political science (General) ; JA1-92 ; Political science ; J ; Law in general. Comparative and uniform law. Jurisprudence ; K1-7720 ; Law ; K
Subject code	320
Language	English
Publishing date	2011-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Canadian Center of Science and Education
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Rabies Virus Populations in Humans and Mice Show Minor Inter-Host Variability within Various Central Nervous System Regions and Peripheral Tissues.

Embregts, Carmen W E / Farag, Elmoubashar A B A / Bansal, Devendra / Boter, Marjan / van der Linden, Anne / Vaes, Vincent P / van Middelkoop-van den Berg, Ingeborg / IJpelaar, Jeroen / Ziglam, Hisham / Coyle, Peter V / Ibrahim, Imad / Mohran, Khaled A / Alrajhi, Muneera Mohammed Saleh / Islam, Md Mazharul / Abdeen, Randa / Al-Zeyara, Abdul Aziz / Younis, Nidal Mahmoud / Al-Romaihi, Hamad Eid / AlThani, Mohammad Hamad J /

Sikkema, Reina S / Koopmans, Marion P G / Oude Munnink, Bas B / GeurtsvanKessel, Corine H

Viruses

2022 Volume 14, Issue 12

Abstract: Rabies virus (RABV) has a broad host range and infects multiple cell types throughout the infection cycle. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and minor variant analysis are powerful tools for studying virus populations within specific hosts and tissues, ... ...

Abstract	Rabies virus (RABV) has a broad host range and infects multiple cell types throughout the infection cycle. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) and minor variant analysis are powerful tools for studying virus populations within specific hosts and tissues, leading to novel insights into the mechanisms of host-switching and key factors for infecting specific cell types. In this study we investigated RABV populations and minor variants in both original (non-passaged) samples and in vitro-passaged isolates of various CNS regions (hippocampus, medulla oblongata and spinal cord) of a fatal human rabies case, and of multiple CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. No differences in virus populations were detected between the human CNS regions, and only one non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) was detected in the fifth in vitro passage of virus isolated from the spinal cord. However, the appearance of this SNP shows the importance of sequencing newly passaged virus stocks before further use. Similarly, we did not detect apparent differences in virus populations isolated from different CNS and non-CNS tissues of experimentally infected mice. Sequencing of viruses obtained from pharyngeal swab and salivary gland proved difficult, and we propose methods for improving sampling.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Mice ; Animals ; Rabies virus ; Central Nervous System ; Rabies ; Spinal Cord
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-28
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2516098-9
ISSN	1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
ISSN (online)	1999-4915
ISSN	1999-4915
DOI	10.3390/v14122661
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: First molecular analysis of rabies virus in Qatar and clinical cases imported into Qatar, a case report.

Oude Munnink, Bas B / Farag, Elmoubashar Abu Baker Abd / GeurtsvanKessel, Corine / Schapendonk, Claudia / van der Linden, Anne / Kohl, Robert / Arron, Georgina / Ziglam, Hisham / Goravey, Wael Goravey Mhjoop / Coyle, Peter V / Ibrahim, Imad / Mohran, Khaled A / Alrajhi, Muneera Mohammed Saleh / Islam, Md Mazharul / Abdeen, Randa / Al-Zeyara, A Aziz Mahmoud A H / Younis, Nidal Mahmoud / Al-Romaihi, Hamad Eid / Thani, Mohammad Hamad J Al /

Molenkamp, Richard / Sikkema, Reina S / Koopmans, Marion

International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases

2020 Volume 96, Page(s) 323–326

Abstract: Identifying the origin of the rabies virus (RABV) infection may have significant implications for control measures. Here, we identified the source of a RABV infection of two Nepalese migrants in Qatar by comparing their RABV genomes with RABV genomes ... ...

Abstract	Identifying the origin of the rabies virus (RABV) infection may have significant implications for control measures. Here, we identified the source of a RABV infection of two Nepalese migrants in Qatar by comparing their RABV genomes with RABV genomes isolated from the brains of a RABV infected camel and fox from Qatar.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Animals ; Brain/virology ; Camelus ; Foxes ; Genome, Viral ; Humans ; Male ; Qatar ; Rabies/veterinary ; Rabies/virology ; Rabies virus/genetics ; Rabies virus/isolation & purification
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-05-04
Publishing country	Canada
Document type	Case Reports
ZDB-ID	1331197-9
ISSN	1878-3511 ; 1201-9712
ISSN (online)	1878-3511
ISSN	1201-9712
DOI	10.1016/j.ijid.2020.04.070
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