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  1. Article ; Online: The Tribal Odisha Eye Disease Study (TOES) 1: prevalence and causes of visual impairment among tribal children in an urban school in Eastern India.

    Warkad, Vivekanand U / Panda, Lapam / Behera, Pradeep / Das, Taraprasad / Mohanta, Bikash C / Khanna, Rohit

    Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus

    2018  Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 145.e1–145.e6

    Abstract: Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and causes of visual impairment and other ocular comorbidities among tribal children in an urban school population in eastern India.: Method: In this cross-sectional study, vision screening tests were administered ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: To estimate the prevalence and causes of visual impairment and other ocular comorbidities among tribal children in an urban school population in eastern India.
    Method: In this cross-sectional study, vision screening tests were administered to tribal school children. Demographic data, including name, age, sex, home district, height, and weight of each child, and examination data, including unaided and pinhole visual acuity, external eye examination with a flashlight, slit-lamp examination, intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement, and undilated fundus photography, were collected. Children with visual acuity of less than 20/20, abnormal anterior or posterior segment findings, and IOP of >21 mm Hg were referred for further evaluation.
    Results: Of 10,038 children (5,840 males [58.2%]) screened, 335 (median age, 9 years; range, 6-17 years) were referred. Refractive error was the most common cause of visual impairment (59.52%; 95% CI, 51.97-66.65) followed by amblyopia (17.2%; 95% CI, 12.3-23.6) and posterior segment anomaly (14.88%; 95% CI, 10.2-21.0). The prevalence of best-corrected visual acuity of 20/40 was 0.13%. The prevalence of blindness was 0.03%.
    Conclusions: Visual impairment among tribal children in this residential school is an uncommon but important disability.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Amblyopia/diagnosis ; Amblyopia/epidemiology ; Child ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Ethnic Groups/statistics & numerical data ; Female ; Humans ; India/epidemiology ; Intraocular Pressure/physiology ; Male ; Prevalence ; Refractive Errors/diagnosis ; Refractive Errors/epidemiology ; Slit Lamp Microscopy ; Urban Population/statistics & numerical data ; Vision Screening ; Vision, Low/epidemiology ; Visual Acuity/physiology ; Visually Impaired Persons/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-03-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 1412476-2
    ISSN 1528-3933 ; 1091-8531
    ISSN (online) 1528-3933
    ISSN 1091-8531
    DOI 10.1016/j.jaapos.2017.10.020
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article: Tribal Odisha Eye Disease Study (TOES # 2) Rayagada school screening program: efficacy of multistage screening of school teachers in detection of impaired vision and other ocular anomalies.

    Panda, Lapam / Das, Taraprasad / Nayak, Suryasmita / Barik, Umasankar / Mohanta, Bikash C / Williams, Jachin / Warkad, Vivekanand / Tapas Kumar, Guha Poonam / Khanna, Rohit C

    Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.)

    2018  Volume 12, Page(s) 1181–1187

    Abstract: Purpose: To describe program planning and effectiveness of multistage school eye screening and assess accuracy of teachers in vision screening and detection of other ocular anomalies in Rayagada District School Sight Program, Odisha, India.: Methods: ...

    Abstract Purpose: To describe program planning and effectiveness of multistage school eye screening and assess accuracy of teachers in vision screening and detection of other ocular anomalies in Rayagada District School Sight Program, Odisha, India.
    Methods: This multistage screening of students included as follows: stage I: screening for vision and other ocular anomalies by school teachers in the school; stage II: photorefraction, subjective correction and other ocular anomaly confirmation by optometrists in the school; stage III: comprehensive ophthalmologist examination in secondary eye center; and stage IV: pediatric ophthalmologist examination in tertiary eye center. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV) and negative predictive value (NPV) of teachers for vision screening and other ocular anomaly detection were calculated vis-à-vis optometrist (gold standard).
    Results: In the study, 216 teachers examined 153,107 (95.7% of enrolled) students aged 5-15 years. Teachers referred 8,363 (5.4% of examined) students and 5,990 (71.6% of referred) were examined in stage II. After prescribing spectacles to 443, optometrists referred 883 students to stage III. The sensitivity (80.51%) and PPV (93.05%) of teachers for vision screening were high, but specificity (53.29%) and NPV (26.02%) were low. The specificity and NPV, in general, were higher in ocular anomaly detection but varied from disease to disease.
    Conclusion: Multistage school screening is rapid and comprehensive in a resource-limited community. Regular training and periodic reinforcement of teachers for vision assessment and other ocular anomaly identification are required for further success of the strategy.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-06-29
    Publishing country New Zealand
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1177-5467
    ISSN 1177-5467
    DOI 10.2147/OPTH.S161417
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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