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  1. Article ; Online: Assessing the basic knowledge and awareness of dengue fever prevention among migrant workers in Klang Valley, Malaysia.

    Chaudhary, Maryam N / Lim, Voon-Ching / Faller, Erwin Martinez / Regmi, Pramod / Aryal, Nirmal / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena / Azman, Adzzie Shazleen / Sahimin, Norhidayu

    PloS one

    2024  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) e0297527

    Abstract: Background: Globally, 390 million dengue virus infections occur per year. In Malaysia, migrant workers are particularly vulnerable to dengue fever (DF) due to mosquito breeding sites exposure and poor health literacy. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) ... ...

    Abstract Background: Globally, 390 million dengue virus infections occur per year. In Malaysia, migrant workers are particularly vulnerable to dengue fever (DF) due to mosquito breeding sites exposure and poor health literacy. Therefore, this study aimed to (i) assess the current DF knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAP), and (ii) identify strategies to promote DF awareness, among migrant workers in Klang Valley.
    Method: A survey was conducted with 403 Nepali, Filipino and Indonesian migrant workers through phone interviews and online self-administered questionnaires. Piecewise structural equation modelling was applied to identify predictor variables for DF KAP.
    Results: Most respondents were male, working in the services industry, had completed high school, aged between 30-39 years and with less than ten years work experience in Malaysia. Overall, respondents' knowledge was positively correlated with attitude but negatively with practices. Older respondents, who had completed higher education, obtained higher knowledge scores. Similarly, those with working experience of >20 years in Malaysia obtained higher attitude scores. Respondents with a previous history of DF strongly considered the removal of mosquito breeding sites as their own responsibility, hence tended to frequently practise DF preventive measures. Respondents' knowledge was also positively correlated to their understanding of DF information sourced from social media platforms.
    Conclusion: These findings highlighted: (i) the need for targeted DF educational intervention among younger and newly arrived workers with lower levels of education and (ii) maximising the usage of social media platforms to improve DF public awareness.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Dengue/prevention & control ; Educational Status ; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice ; Malaysia ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Transients and Migrants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-02-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2267670-3
    ISSN 1932-6203 ; 1932-6203
    ISSN (online) 1932-6203
    ISSN 1932-6203
    DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0297527
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  2. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of dengue and chikungunya viruses among urban refugees in Klang Valley, Malaysia.

    Sahimin, Norhidayu / Low, Zhao Xuan / Hassandarvish, Pouya / Mohd Hanapi, Izzah Ruzana / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena / Yahaya, Hasmawati / Abu Bakar, Sazaly

    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

    2024  Volume 118, Issue 5, Page(s) 328–335

    Abstract: Background: Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, with Malaysia's Klang Valley experiencing numerous outbreaks in densely populated urban areas.: Methods: This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti- ... ...

    Abstract Background: Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant global public health threat, with Malaysia's Klang Valley experiencing numerous outbreaks in densely populated urban areas.
    Methods: This study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of anti-dengue and anti-chikungunya antibodies among urban refugees in the Klang Valley, Malaysia, and identify associated risk factors.
    Results: High seroprevalence of anti-dengue immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgM (60.0% [confidence interval {CI} 55.39 to 64.48] and 9.2% [CI 6.77 to 12.25], respectively) were observed among refugees >18 years of age (χ22=11.720, p=0.003), Kachin ethnicity (χ28=72.253, p<0.001), without formal education (χ21=3.856, p=0.050), homes near waste disposal sites (χ21=10.378, p=0.001) and refugees who have experienced flooding (χ21=5.460, p=0.019). Meanwhile, the overall seroprevalence of anti-chikungunya IgG and IgM was 9.7% (CI 7.15 to 12.73) and 10.8% (CI 8.09 to 13.93), respectively, with ages 12-18 years (χ22=6.075, p=0.048), Rohingya ethnicity (χ28=31.631, p<0.001) and homes close to waste disposal sites (χ21=3.912, p=0.048) being significant risk factors. Results showed a link to poor environmental living conditions, with an increase in the vector population with higher availability of breeding sites and thus exposure to dengue and chikungunya virus.
    Conclusions: Health education among the community is the key to disease prevention, as there are no specific antiviral drugs for treatment and limited vaccine availability.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Dengue/epidemiology ; Dengue/immunology ; Dengue/blood ; Male ; Chikungunya Fever/epidemiology ; Chikungunya Fever/blood ; Chikungunya Fever/immunology ; Female ; Adult ; Refugees/statistics & numerical data ; Adolescent ; Child ; Chikungunya virus/immunology ; Young Adult ; Antibodies, Viral/blood ; Immunoglobulin M/blood ; Middle Aged ; Immunoglobulin G/blood ; Dengue Virus/immunology ; Risk Factors ; Child, Preschool ; Urban Population
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Viral ; Immunoglobulin M ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-16
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 441375-1
    ISSN 1878-3503 ; 0035-9203
    ISSN (online) 1878-3503
    ISSN 0035-9203
    DOI 10.1093/trstmh/trad097
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  3. Article: Current status of Blastocystis sp. in animals from Southeast Asia: a review

    Rauff-Adedotun, Adedolapo Aminat / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena / Farah Haziqah, Meor Termizi

    Parasitology research. 2020 Nov., v. 119, no. 11

    2020  

    Abstract: Blastocystis is the most frequently observed eukaryotic gastrointestinal symbiont in humans and animals. Its low host specificity and zoonotic potential suggest that animals might serve as possible reservoirs for transmission. The prevalence and subtype ... ...

    Abstract Blastocystis is the most frequently observed eukaryotic gastrointestinal symbiont in humans and animals. Its low host specificity and zoonotic potential suggest that animals might serve as possible reservoirs for transmission. The prevalence and subtype distributions of Blastocystis sp. in animal populations in Southeast Asia, a hotspot for zoonotic diseases, are reviewed. Recommendations for future research aimed at understanding the zoonotic role of Blastocystis are also included. Seven countries have, so far, reported Blastocystis infection in various animals, such as livestock, poultry, companion animals, and non-human primates. Pigs were the most studied animals, and there were records of 100% prevalence in pigs, cattle, and ostriches. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based approaches, twelve Blastocystis sp. subtypes (STs), namely ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6, ST7, ST8, ST9, ST10, ST12, and ST14 have been recognised infecting animals of Southeast Asia. ST1 and ST5 were the most frequently identified, and Malaysia observed the most diverse distribution of subtypes. Further investigations on Blastocystis sp. in various animal hosts, using adequate sample sizes and uniform detection methods, are essential for a better understanding of the distribution of this organism. Detailed genome studies, especially on STs shared by humans and animals, are also recommended.
    Keywords Blastocystis ; cattle ; gastrointestinal system ; genome ; host specificity ; parasitology ; polymerase chain reaction ; poultry ; research ; symbionts ; zoonoses ; Malaysia
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2020-11
    Size p. 3559-3570.
    Publishing place Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Document type Article
    Note NAL-AP-2-clean ; Review
    ZDB-ID 284966-5
    ISSN 1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    ISSN (online) 1432-1955
    ISSN 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    DOI 10.1007/s00436-020-06828-8
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  4. Article ; Online: Collaborate or Collapse: Capacity Building in Zoonotic and Neglected Tropical Disease Modelling.

    Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena / Basáñez, Maria-Gloria

    Trends in parasitology

    2018  Volume 34, Issue 5, Page(s) 356–358

    Abstract: We share the insights from a successful collaboration in organizing and implementing an international scientific capacity-building workshop in Malaysia titled Mathematical Modelling of Neglected Infectious Diseases: Capacity Building in Southeast Asia. ... ...

    Abstract We share the insights from a successful collaboration in organizing and implementing an international scientific capacity-building workshop in Malaysia titled Mathematical Modelling of Neglected Infectious Diseases: Capacity Building in Southeast Asia. This workshop focused on the delivery of technical know-how and on essential soft skills related to effective grant proposal writing and networking.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Asia, Southeastern ; Capacity Building ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Neglected Diseases/epidemiology ; Tropical Medicine/trends ; Zoonoses/epidemiology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-01-18
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2036227-4
    ISSN 1471-5007 ; 1471-4922
    ISSN (online) 1471-5007
    ISSN 1471-4922
    DOI 10.1016/j.pt.2017.12.009
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  5. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence and Associated Risk Factors for Toxoplasma gondii Infections Among Urban Poor Communities in Peninsular Malaysia.

    Sahimin, Norhidayu / Mohd Hanapi, Izzah Ruzana / Nurikhan, Zarin Amalina / Behnke, Jerzy M / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena

    Acta parasitologica

    2020  Volume 66, Issue 2, Page(s) 524–534

    Abstract: Purpose: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection linked to compromised hygiene and sanitation via the handling of infected cat faeces, eating undercooked contaminated meat or transplacental transmission. We conducted a study to determine seroprevalence ... ...

    Abstract Purpose: Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic infection linked to compromised hygiene and sanitation via the handling of infected cat faeces, eating undercooked contaminated meat or transplacental transmission. We conducted a study to determine seroprevalence and risk factors associated with toxoplasmosis among the urban poor communities in Malaysia.
    Methods: The demographic profiles for each participant were obtained through a questionnaire survey prior to blood collection. A total of 389 participants were recruited and blood samples screened for the presence of anti-Toxoplasma IgG and IgM antibody using an ELISA commercial kit, SERION ELISA classic Toxoplasma gondii IgG and IgM.
    Results: The overall T. gondii seroprevalence was 69.6% with 56.8% seropositive for anti-Toxoplasma IgG, 7.7% seropositive for anti-Toxoplasma IgM and 5.1% seropositive for both IgG and IgM antibodies. The presence of both antibody classes in blood samples indicated high avidity, suggesting latent infection. Univariate analysis revealed significant associations that included; age, ethnicity, location and employment status while, significant lifestyle factors included source of drinking water and eating style. A multifactorial statistical model that incorporated all the significant effects from the first-stage univariate analyses listed above revealed that age and ethnicity were the two dominant and independent effects on IgG seroprevalence. For seroprevalence of IgM, the multifactorial model revealed a significant interaction between work and accommodation. IgM seroprevalence was higher among the unemployed inhabitants of PPR (Program Perumahan Rakyat) than those living in non-PPR accommodation, and higher than among the employed irrespective of their accommodation.
    Conclusion: High seroprevalence of Toxoplasmosis in the community calls for increased awareness of disease transmission and improvements in hygiene and sanitation.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antibodies, Protozoan ; Cats ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin M ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Risk Factors ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Toxoplasma ; Toxoplasmosis/epidemiology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Protozoan ; Immunoglobulin M
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1132735-2
    ISSN 1896-1851 ; 0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
    ISSN (online) 1896-1851
    ISSN 0065-1478 ; 1230-2821
    DOI 10.1007/s11686-020-00304-0
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  6. Article ; Online: Current status of Blastocystis sp. in animals from Southeast Asia: a review.

    Rauff-Adedotun, Adedolapo Aminat / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena / Farah Haziqah, Meor Termizi

    Parasitology research

    2020  Volume 119, Issue 11, Page(s) 3559–3570

    Abstract: Blastocystis is the most frequently observed eukaryotic gastrointestinal symbiont in humans and animals. Its low host specificity and zoonotic potential suggest that animals might serve as possible reservoirs for transmission. The prevalence and subtype ... ...

    Abstract Blastocystis is the most frequently observed eukaryotic gastrointestinal symbiont in humans and animals. Its low host specificity and zoonotic potential suggest that animals might serve as possible reservoirs for transmission. The prevalence and subtype distributions of Blastocystis sp. in animal populations in Southeast Asia, a hotspot for zoonotic diseases, are reviewed. Recommendations for future research aimed at understanding the zoonotic role of Blastocystis are also included. Seven countries have, so far, reported Blastocystis infection in various animals, such as livestock, poultry, companion animals, and non-human primates. Pigs were the most studied animals, and there were records of 100% prevalence in pigs, cattle, and ostriches. Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based approaches, twelve Blastocystis sp. subtypes (STs), namely ST1, ST2, ST3, ST4, ST5, ST6, ST7, ST8, ST9, ST10, ST12, and ST14 have been recognised infecting animals of Southeast Asia. ST1 and ST5 were the most frequently identified, and Malaysia observed the most diverse distribution of subtypes. Further investigations on Blastocystis sp. in various animal hosts, using adequate sample sizes and uniform detection methods, are essential for a better understanding of the distribution of this organism. Detailed genome studies, especially on STs shared by humans and animals, are also recommended.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Asia, Southeastern/epidemiology ; Blastocystis/genetics ; Blastocystis/isolation & purification ; Blastocystis Infections/epidemiology ; Blastocystis Infections/veterinary ; Cattle/parasitology ; Cattle Diseases/epidemiology ; Cattle Diseases/parasitology ; Humans ; Poultry ; Poultry Diseases/epidemiology ; Poultry Diseases/parasitology ; Prevalence ; Primates/parasitology ; Swine ; Swine Diseases/epidemiology ; Swine Diseases/parasitology ; Zoonoses/parasitology
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-20
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 284966-5
    ISSN 1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    ISSN (online) 1432-1955
    ISSN 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    DOI 10.1007/s00436-020-06828-8
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  7. Article ; Online: Intestinal parasitic infections and risk analysis among urban refugees in the Klang Valley, Malaysia.

    Mohd Hanapi, Izzah Ruzana / Behnke, Jerzy M / Sahimin, Norhidayu / Saifulazmi, Nur Fadlin / Golam Mohammad Khan, Ashah Sara Jehan / Abdul Mutalib, Raisya Nur Syazmeen / Lau, Yee Ling / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena

    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

    2023  Volume 118, Issue 1, Page(s) 18–32

    Abstract: Background: Global studies show intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) have been introduced and spread with refugee inflows from low to high socio-economic countries. However, there is relatively limited information on the prevalence of infections among ...

    Abstract Background: Global studies show intestinal parasitic infections (IPIs) have been introduced and spread with refugee inflows from low to high socio-economic countries. However, there is relatively limited information on the prevalence of infections among the community.
    Methods: A 2-year cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors for infections among urban refugees in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. A total of 418 faecal samples were collected and examined by microscopy.
    Results: Faecal screening revealed moderate levels (32.3%) of infections in the community. Three nematode (Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura and hookworm) and three protozoan species (Entamoeba, Giardia and Cryptosporidium) were recorded, with the highest prevalence being A. lumbricoides (20.6%) followed by T. trichiura (10.3%), while other infections were <5%. Statistical analysis found that young males with less education were more likely to be infected with helminths. Additionally, living near waste disposal sites, the presence of stray animals, eating with bare hands, bare footedness, poor handwashing practices and no anthelmintic treatment constituted significant risk factors for helminth infections. Protozoan infections were linked to drinking tap water or from water dispensers and poor handwashing practices.
    Conclusions: These findings emphasize the importance of health education in addition to introduction of biannual anthelmintic treatment to promote community health and well-being.
    MeSH term(s) Male ; Animals ; Humans ; Refugees ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Cryptosporidiosis ; Cryptosporidium ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/epidemiology ; Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic/parasitology ; Risk Factors ; Risk Assessment ; Water ; Prevalence ; Feces/parasitology
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 441375-1
    ISSN 1878-3503 ; 0035-9203
    ISSN (online) 1878-3503
    ISSN 0035-9203
    DOI 10.1093/trstmh/trad047
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  8. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of lymphatic filariasis among migrant workers in Peninsular Malaysia.

    Noordin, Rahmah / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena / Yunus, Muhammad Hafiznur / Sahimin, Norhidayu

    Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

    2017  Volume 111, Issue 8, Page(s) 370–372

    Abstract: Background: Malaysia aims to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) by the year 2020, thus the potential threat of LF from migrant workers needs to be investigated.: Methods: Brugian and bancroftian filariasis among 484 migrant workers from six ... ...

    Abstract Background: Malaysia aims to eliminate lymphatic filariasis (LF) by the year 2020, thus the potential threat of LF from migrant workers needs to be investigated.
    Methods: Brugian and bancroftian filariasis among 484 migrant workers from six countries were investigated using rapid tests based on detection of specific IgG4 antibodies against BmR1 (Brugia Rapid) and BmSXP recombinant antigens.
    Results: The seroprevalence of brugian filariasis was very low; however, bancroftian filariasis was notable among workers from India, Nepal and Myanmar.
    Conclusion: Malaysia is not endemic for Wuchereria bancrofti, but harbors the vectors for the parasite, thus the results showed that migrant workers should be monitored for this infection.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Antigens, Helminth/immunology ; Elephantiasis, Filarial/blood ; Elephantiasis, Filarial/epidemiology ; Elephantiasis, Filarial/immunology ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G/immunology ; India ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Myanmar ; National Health Programs ; Nepal ; Occupations ; Parasitic Sensitivity Tests ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Transients and Migrants ; Wuchereria bancrofti/isolation & purification
    Chemical Substances Antigens, Helminth ; Immunoglobulin G
    Language English
    Publishing date 2017-12-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 441375-1
    ISSN 1878-3503 ; 0035-9203
    ISSN (online) 1878-3503
    ISSN 0035-9203
    DOI 10.1093/trstmh/trx062
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  9. Article ; Online: Seroprevalence of Hydatid Disease Among Migrant Workers in Malaysia.

    Khan, Amjad Hayat / Khanbabaie, Sam / Yunus, Muhammad Hafiznur / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena / Mohd Baharudeen, Zamrina / Sahimin, Norhidayu / Noordin, Rahmah

    Journal of immigrant and minority health

    2020  Volume 22, Issue 5, Page(s) 1105–1108

    Abstract: Hydatid disease is not endemic in Malaysia; however, its migrant workers originate from neighboring countries where the disease is prevalent. Thus, this study was aimed at investigating the seroprevalence of hydatid disease among the workers. A total of ... ...

    Abstract Hydatid disease is not endemic in Malaysia; however, its migrant workers originate from neighboring countries where the disease is prevalent. Thus, this study was aimed at investigating the seroprevalence of hydatid disease among the workers. A total of 479 migrant workers were screened for hydatid disease. The sociodemographic information was collected, and serum samples were tested with a rapid dipstick test for hydatid disease called Hyd Rapid™. The present study showed that 13.6% of the migrant workers were found to be seropositive for hydatid disease. The highest seroprevalence was seen among Indian workers (29.41%), followed by Myanmarese (21.43%), Bangladeshis (14.92%), Nepalese (10.68%), and Indonesian (10.66%). This is the first study that highlights the likely presence of hydatid disease among the migrant workers in Malaysia, which may be of interest to the health authorities.
    MeSH term(s) Echinococcosis/epidemiology ; Humans ; Indonesia ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Seroepidemiologic Studies ; Transients and Migrants
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-05-22
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2220162-2
    ISSN 1557-1920 ; 1557-1912
    ISSN (online) 1557-1920
    ISSN 1557-1912
    DOI 10.1007/s10903-020-01029-y
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  10. Article ; Online: Prevalence and subtypes of Blastocystis among migrant workers from different working sectors in Peninsular Malaysia.

    Sahimin, Norhidayu / Meor Termizi, Farah Haziqah / Rajamanikam, Arutchelvan / Mohd Nazri, Nur Asyiqin / Govind, Suresh Kumar / Mohd Zain, Siti Nursheena

    Parasitology research

    2020  Volume 119, Issue 10, Page(s) 3555–3558

    Abstract: Blastocystis sp. is a common enteric parasite of humans and animals associated with inadequate sanitation and poor personal hygiene. Over the years, the Malaysian thriving economy has been facilitated largely by migrant workers from developing countries, ...

    Abstract Blastocystis sp. is a common enteric parasite of humans and animals associated with inadequate sanitation and poor personal hygiene. Over the years, the Malaysian thriving economy has been facilitated largely by migrant workers from developing countries, and there is concern that diseases endemic to their countries may be imported. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the current status of Blastocystis infection as well as subtypes (STs) from fecal samples among migrant workers in Selangor and Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Overall, almost a third of the study cohort (30.9%; n = 68/220) screened were infected with Blastocystis sp. predominantly with ST3 (54.5%; n = 12), followed by ST1 (36.4%; n = 8) and ST2 (9.1%; n = 2). Infection levels was almost similar among the different sectors; manufacturing (32.8%), domestic service (32.3%), and food service (27.3%) with common symptoms for infection included stomach and abdominal pain or discomfort and diarrhea (48.5%; n = 33). None of the socio-demographic risk factors evaluated were significant. Therefore, this study warrants continuous monitoring as well as understanding the impact of transmission among the migrant community with the local population especially those involved in food service sector.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Animals ; Blastocystis/classification ; Blastocystis/genetics ; Blastocystis/isolation & purification ; Blastocystis Infections/diagnosis ; Blastocystis Infections/epidemiology ; Blastocystis Infections/parasitology ; Epidemiological Monitoring ; Feces/parasitology ; Female ; Humans ; Industry/statistics & numerical data ; Malaysia/epidemiology ; Male ; Prevalence ; Transients and Migrants/statistics & numerical data
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-02
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 284966-5
    ISSN 1432-1955 ; 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    ISSN (online) 1432-1955
    ISSN 0932-0113 ; 0044-3255
    DOI 10.1007/s00436-020-06865-3
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