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  1. Article ; Online: M

    Dwomoh, Louis / Rossi, Mario / Scarpa, Miriam / Khajehali, Elham / Molloy, Colin / Herzyk, Pawel / Mistry, Shailesh N / Bottrill, Andrew R / Sexton, Patrick M / Christopoulos, Arthur / Conn, Jeffrey / Lindsley, Craig W / Bradley, Sophie J / Tobin, Andrew B

    Science signaling

    2022  Volume 15, Issue 760, Page(s) eabm3720

    Abstract: Many dementias are propagated through the spread of "prion-like" misfolded proteins. This includes prion diseases themselves (such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), for which no treatments are available to slow or stop ... ...

    Abstract Many dementias are propagated through the spread of "prion-like" misfolded proteins. This includes prion diseases themselves (such as Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), for which no treatments are available to slow or stop progression. The M
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; Prions/genetics ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/genetics ; Pathology, Molecular ; Proteomics ; Prion Diseases/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/genetics ; Alzheimer Disease/pathology ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/genetics ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Prions ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2417226-1
    ISSN 1937-9145 ; 1945-0877
    ISSN (online) 1937-9145
    ISSN 1945-0877
    DOI 10.1126/scisignal.abm3720
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Targeting the kinase insert loop of PERK selectively modulates PERK signaling without systemic toxicity in mice.

    Hughes, Daniel T / Halliday, Mark / Smith, Heather L / Verity, Nicholas C / Molloy, Colin / Radford, Helois / Butcher, Adrian J / Mallucci, Giovanna R

    Science signaling

    2020  Volume 13, Issue 644

    Abstract: Chronic activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), notably the branch comprising the kinase PERK and the translation initiation factor eIF2α, is a pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases caused by protein misfolding. Partial ... ...

    Abstract Chronic activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR), notably the branch comprising the kinase PERK and the translation initiation factor eIF2α, is a pathological feature of many neurodegenerative diseases caused by protein misfolding. Partial reduction of UPR signaling at the level of phosphorylated eIF2α is neuroprotective and avoids the pancreatic toxicity caused by full inhibition of PERK kinase activity. However, other stress pathways besides the UPR converge on phosphorylated eIF2α in the integrated stress response (ISR), which is critical to normal cellular function. We explored whether partial inhibition of PERK signaling may be a better therapeutic option. PERK-mediated phosphorylation of eIF2α requires its binding to the insert loop within PERK's kinase domain, which is, itself, phosphorylated at multiple sites. We found that, as expected, Akt mediates the phosphorylation of Thr
    MeSH term(s) Acetates/pharmacology ; Animals ; Benzopyrans/pharmacology ; CHO Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Disease Models, Animal ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2/metabolism ; HEK293 Cells ; Humans ; Kaplan-Meier Estimate ; Mice ; Phosphorylation/drug effects ; Prion Diseases/drug therapy ; Prion Diseases/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Unfolded Protein Response/drug effects ; eIF-2 Kinase/metabolism
    Chemical Substances 2-amino-6-chloro-alpha-cyano-3-(ethoxycarbonyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-acetic acid ethyl ester ; Acetates ; Benzopyrans ; Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-2 ; PERK kinase (EC 2.7.11.1) ; eIF-2 Kinase (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2417226-1
    ISSN 1937-9145 ; 1945-0877
    ISSN (online) 1937-9145
    ISSN 1945-0877
    DOI 10.1126/scisignal.abb4749
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Restoring Agonist Function at a Chemogenetically Modified M

    Khajehali, Elham / Bradley, Sophie / van der Westhuizen, Emma T / Molloy, Colin / Valant, Celine / Finlayson, Lisa / Lindsley, Craig W / Sexton, Patrick M / Tobin, Andrew B / Christopoulos, Arthur

    ACS chemical neuroscience

    2020  Volume 11, Issue 24, Page(s) 4270–4279

    Abstract: Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) have been successfully employed to activate signaling pathways associated with specific muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) subtypes. The ... ...

    Abstract Designer receptors exclusively activated by designer drugs (DREADDs) have been successfully employed to activate signaling pathways associated with specific muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR) subtypes. The M
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcholine ; Allosteric Regulation ; Animals ; CHO Cells ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Mice ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/genetics
    Chemical Substances Receptor, Muscarinic M1 ; Acetylcholine (N9YNS0M02X)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-11-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ISSN 1948-7193
    ISSN (online) 1948-7193
    DOI 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00540
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Biased M1 muscarinic receptor mutant mice show accelerated progression of prion neurodegenerative disease.

    Scarpa, Miriam / Molloy, Colin / Jenkins, Laura / Strellis, Bethany / Budgett, Rebecca F / Hesse, Sarah / Dwomoh, Louis / Marsango, Sara / Tejeda, Gonzalo S / Rossi, Mario / Ahmed, Zeshan / Milligan, Graeme / Hudson, Brian D / Tobin, Andrew B / Bradley, Sophie J

    Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

    2021  Volume 118, Issue 50

    Abstract: There are currently no treatments that can slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is, however, a growing body of evidence that activation of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1-receptor) can ... ...

    Abstract There are currently no treatments that can slow the progression of neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). There is, however, a growing body of evidence that activation of the M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M1-receptor) can not only restore memory loss in AD patients but in preclinical animal models can also slow neurodegenerative disease progression. The generation of an effective medicine targeting the M1-receptor has however been severely hampered by associated cholinergic adverse responses. By using genetically engineered mouse models that express a G protein-biased M1-receptor, we recently established that M1-receptor mediated adverse responses can be minimized by ensuring activating ligands maintain receptor phosphorylation/arrestin-dependent signaling. Here, we use these same genetic models in concert with murine prion disease, a terminal neurodegenerative disease showing key hallmarks of AD, to establish that phosphorylation/arrestin-dependent signaling delivers neuroprotection that both extends normal animal behavior and prolongs the life span of prion-diseased mice. Our data point to an important neuroprotective property inherent to the M1-receptor and indicate that next generation M1-receptor ligands designed to drive receptor phosphorylation/arrestin-dependent signaling would potentially show low adverse responses while delivering neuroprotection that will slow disease progression.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cells, Cultured ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/genetics ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11/metabolism ; Gene Expression Regulation/physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Knockout ; Neurons/metabolism ; Prion Diseases/genetics ; Prion Diseases/metabolism ; Prion Diseases/pathology ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/genetics ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/metabolism ; Signal Transduction
    Chemical Substances Receptor, Muscarinic M1 ; GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 (EC 3.6.5.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-12-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 209104-5
    ISSN 1091-6490 ; 0027-8424
    ISSN (online) 1091-6490
    ISSN 0027-8424
    DOI 10.1073/pnas.2107389118
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article: High-Content Screening and Computational Prediction Reveal Viral Genes That Suppress the Innate Immune Response.

    Ng, Tai L / Olson, Erika J / Yoo, Tae Yeon / Weiss, H Sloane / Koide, Yukiye / Koch, Peter D / Rollins, Nathan J / Mach, Pia / Meisinger, Tobias / Bricken, Trenton / Chang, Timothy Z / Molloy, Colin / Zürcher, Jérôme / Chang, Roger L / Mitchison, Timothy J / Glass, John I / Marks, Debora S / Way, Jeffrey C / Silver, Pamela A

    mSystems

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 2, Page(s) e0146621

    Abstract: Suppression of the host innate immune response is a critical aspect of viral replication. Upon infection, viruses may introduce one or more proteins that inhibit key immune pathways, such as the type I interferon pathway. However, the ability to predict ... ...

    Abstract Suppression of the host innate immune response is a critical aspect of viral replication. Upon infection, viruses may introduce one or more proteins that inhibit key immune pathways, such as the type I interferon pathway. However, the ability to predict and evaluate viral protein bioactivity on targeted pathways remains challenging and is typically done on a single-virus or -gene basis. Here, we present a medium-throughput high-content cell-based assay to reveal the immunosuppressive effects of viral proteins. To test the predictive power of our approach, we developed a library of 800 genes encoding known, predicted, and uncharacterized human virus genes. We found that previously known immune suppressors from numerous viral families such as
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Immunity, Innate ; NF-kappa B ; Immune Evasion ; Viruses/genetics ; Viral Proteins/genetics ; Genes, Viral
    Chemical Substances NF-kappa B ; Viral Proteins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-03-23
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S. ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2379-5077
    ISSN 2379-5077
    DOI 10.1128/msystems.01466-21
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Chemogenetics defines receptor-mediated functions of short chain free fatty acids.

    Bolognini, Daniele / Barki, Natasja / Butcher, Adrian J / Hudson, Brian D / Sergeev, Eugenia / Molloy, Colin / Moss, Catherine E / Bradley, Sophie J / Le Gouill, Christian / Bouvier, Michel / Tobin, Andrew B / Milligan, Graeme

    Nature chemical biology

    2019  Volume 15, Issue 5, Page(s) 489–498

    Abstract: Differentiating actions of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) at free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) from other free fatty acid-responsive receptors and from non-receptor-mediated effects has been challenging. Using a novel chemogenetic and knock-in strategy, ...

    Abstract Differentiating actions of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) at free fatty acid receptor 2 (FFA2) from other free fatty acid-responsive receptors and from non-receptor-mediated effects has been challenging. Using a novel chemogenetic and knock-in strategy, whereby an engineered variant of FFA2 (FFA2-DREADD) that is unresponsive to natural SCFAs but is instead activated by sorbic acid replaced the wild-type receptor, we determined that activation of FFA2 in differentiated adipocytes and colonic crypt enteroendocrine cells of mouse accounts fully for SCFA-regulated lipolysis and release of the incretin glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), respectively. In vivo studies confirmed the specific role of FFA2 in GLP-1 release and also demonstrated a direct role for FFA2 in accelerating gut transit. Thereby, we establish the general principle that such a chemogenetic knock-in strategy can successfully define novel G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) biology and provide both target validation and establish therapeutic potential of a 'hard to target' GPCR.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Fatty Acids, Volatile/metabolism ; Humans ; Mice ; Receptors, Cell Surface/chemistry ; Receptors, Cell Surface/genetics ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/genetics ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/metabolism
    Chemical Substances FFA2R protein, human ; Fatty Acids, Volatile ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled ; free fatty acid 2 receptor, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-04-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2202962-X
    ISSN 1552-4469 ; 1552-4450
    ISSN (online) 1552-4469
    ISSN 1552-4450
    DOI 10.1038/s41589-019-0270-1
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  7. Article ; Online: Biased M1-muscarinic-receptor-mutant mice inform the design of next-generation drugs.

    Bradley, Sophie J / Molloy, Colin / Valuskova, Paulina / Dwomoh, Louis / Scarpa, Miriam / Rossi, Mario / Finlayson, Lisa / Svensson, Kjell A / Chernet, Eyassu / Barth, Vanessa N / Gherbi, Karolina / Sykes, David A / Wilson, Caroline A / Mistry, Rajendra / Sexton, Patrick M / Christopoulos, Arthur / Mogg, Adrian J / Rosethorne, Elizabeth M / Sakata, Shuzo /
    John Challiss, R A / Broad, Lisa M / Tobin, Andrew B

    Nature chemical biology

    2020  Volume 16, Issue 3, Page(s) 240–249

    Abstract: Cholinesterase inhibitors, the current frontline symptomatic treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD), are associated with low efficacy and adverse effects. M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1 mAChRs) represent a potential alternate therapeutic ... ...

    Abstract Cholinesterase inhibitors, the current frontline symptomatic treatment for Alzheimer's disease (AD), are associated with low efficacy and adverse effects. M1 muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (M1 mAChRs) represent a potential alternate therapeutic target; however, drug discovery programs focused on this G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) have failed, largely due to cholinergic adverse responses. Employing novel chemogenetic and phosphorylation-deficient, G protein-biased, mouse models, paired with a toolbox of probe molecules, we establish previously unappreciated pharmacologically targetable M1 mAChR neurological processes, including anxiety-like behaviors and hyper-locomotion. By mapping the upstream signaling pathways regulating these responses, we determine the importance of receptor phosphorylation-dependent signaling in driving clinically relevant outcomes and in controlling adverse effects including 'epileptic-like' seizures. We conclude that M1 mAChR ligands that promote receptor phosphorylation-dependent signaling would protect against cholinergic adverse effects in addition to driving beneficial responses such as learning and memory and anxiolytic behavior relevant for the treatment of AD.
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcholinesterase/metabolism ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Animals ; Cholinergic Agents/pharmacology ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/metabolism ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors/pharmacology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Drug Design ; Female ; Gene Knock-In Techniques ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Phosphorylation ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/genetics ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cholinergic Agents ; Cholinesterase Inhibitors ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1 ; Acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-02-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2202962-X
    ISSN 1552-4469 ; 1552-4450
    ISSN (online) 1552-4469
    ISSN 1552-4450
    DOI 10.1038/s41589-019-0453-9
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Bitopic Binding Mode of an M

    Bradley, Sophie J / Molloy, Colin / Bundgaard, Christoffer / Mogg, Adrian J / Thompson, Karen J / Dwomoh, Louis / Sanger, Helen E / Crabtree, Michael D / Brooke, Simon M / Sexton, Patrick M / Felder, Christian C / Christopoulos, Arthur / Broad, Lisa M / Tobin, Andrew B / Langmead, Christopher J

    Molecular pharmacology

    2018  Volume 93, Issue 6, Page(s) 645–656

    Abstract: The realization of the therapeutic potential of targeting the ... ...

    Abstract The realization of the therapeutic potential of targeting the M
    MeSH term(s) Acetylcholine/metabolism ; Allosteric Regulation/drug effects ; Allosteric Site/drug effects ; Alzheimer Disease/drug therapy ; Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Animals ; Benzimidazoles/pharmacology ; Binding Sites/drug effects ; CHO Cells ; Cell Line ; Clinical Trials as Topic ; Cricetinae ; Cricetulus ; Humans ; Learning/drug effects ; Male ; Memory/drug effects ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Muscarinic Agonists/pharmacology ; Protein Binding/drug effects ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1/metabolism ; Receptors, Muscarinic/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Benzimidazoles ; GSK 1034702 ; Muscarinic Agonists ; Receptor, Muscarinic M1 ; Receptors, Muscarinic ; benzimidazol-2-one (43135-91-7) ; Acetylcholine (N9YNS0M02X)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2018-04-25
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 124034-1
    ISSN 1521-0111 ; 0026-895X
    ISSN (online) 1521-0111
    ISSN 0026-895X
    DOI 10.1124/mol.118.111872
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: High-content screening of coronavirus genes for innate immune suppression reveals enhanced potency of SARS-CoV-2 proteins

    Olson, Erika J / Brown, David M / Chang, Timothy Z / Ding, Lin / Ng, Tai L / Weiss, H. Sloane / Koch, Peter / Koide, Yukiye / Rollins, Nathan / Mach, Pia / Meisinger, Tobias / Bricken, Trenton / Rollins, Joshus / Zhang, Yun / Molloy, Colin / Queenan, Briodget N / Mitchison, Timothy / Marks, Debora / Way, Jeffrey C /
    Glass, John I / Silver, Pamela A

    bioRxiv

    Abstract: Suppression of the host intracellular innate immune system is an essential aspect of viral replication. Here, we developed a suite of medium-throughput high-content cell-based assays to reveal the effect of individual coronavirus proteins on antiviral ... ...

    Abstract Suppression of the host intracellular innate immune system is an essential aspect of viral replication. Here, we developed a suite of medium-throughput high-content cell-based assays to reveal the effect of individual coronavirus proteins on antiviral innate immune pathways. Using these assays, we screened the 196 protein products of seven coronaviruses (SARS-CoV-2,SARS-CoV-1, 229E, NL63, OC43, HKU1 and MERS). This includes a previously unidentified gene in SARS-CoV-2 encoded within the Spike gene. We observe immune-suppressing activity in both known host-suppressing genes (e.g., NSP1, Orf6, NSP3, and NSP5) as well as other coronavirus genes, including the newly identified SARS-CoV-2 protein. Moreover, the genes encoded by SARS-CoV-2 are generally more potent immune suppressors than their homologues from the other coronaviruses. This suite of pathway-based and mechanism-agnostic assays could serve as the basis for rapid in vitro prediction of the pathogenicity of novel viruses based on provision of sequence information alone.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-03-02
    Publisher Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
    Document type Article ; Online
    DOI 10.1101/2021.03.02.433434
    Database COVID19

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  10. Article ; Online: RBM3 mediates structural plasticity and protective effects of cooling in neurodegeneration.

    Peretti, Diego / Bastide, Amandine / Radford, Helois / Verity, Nicholas / Molloy, Colin / Martin, Maria Guerra / Moreno, Julie A / Steinert, Joern R / Smith, Tim / Dinsdale, David / Willis, Anne E / Mallucci, Giovanna R

    Nature

    2015  Volume 518, Issue 7538, Page(s) 236–239

    Abstract: In the healthy adult brain synapses are continuously remodelled through a process of elimination and formation known as structural plasticity. Reduction in synapse number is a consistent early feature of neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting deficient ... ...

    Abstract In the healthy adult brain synapses are continuously remodelled through a process of elimination and formation known as structural plasticity. Reduction in synapse number is a consistent early feature of neurodegenerative diseases, suggesting deficient compensatory mechanisms. Although much is known about toxic processes leading to synaptic dysfunction and loss in these disorders, how synaptic regeneration is affected is unknown. In hibernating mammals, cooling induces loss of synaptic contacts, which are reformed on rewarming, a form of structural plasticity. We have found that similar changes occur in artificially cooled laboratory rodents. Cooling and hibernation also induce a number of cold-shock proteins in the brain, including the RNA binding protein, RBM3 (ref. 6). The relationship of such proteins to structural plasticity is unknown. Here we show that synapse regeneration is impaired in mouse models of neurodegenerative disease, in association with the failure to induce RBM3. In both prion-infected and 5XFAD (Alzheimer-type) mice, the capacity to regenerate synapses after cooling declined in parallel with the loss of induction of RBM3. Enhanced expression of RBM3 in the hippocampus prevented this deficit and restored the capacity for synapse reassembly after cooling. RBM3 overexpression, achieved either by boosting endogenous levels through hypothermia before the loss of the RBM3 response or by lentiviral delivery, resulted in sustained synaptic protection in 5XFAD mice and throughout the course of prion disease, preventing behavioural deficits and neuronal loss and significantly prolonging survival. In contrast, knockdown of RBM3 exacerbated synapse loss in both models and accelerated disease and prevented the neuroprotective effects of cooling. Thus, deficient synapse regeneration, mediated at least in part by failure of the RBM3 stress response, contributes to synapse loss throughout the course of neurodegenerative disease. The data support enhancing cold-shock pathways as potential protective therapies in neurodegenerative disorders.
    MeSH term(s) Alzheimer Disease/metabolism ; Animals ; Cold Shock Proteins and Peptides/metabolism ; Cold Temperature ; Cold-Shock Response/physiology ; Disease Models, Animal ; Hibernation/physiology ; Hippocampus/metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/metabolism ; Neurodegenerative Diseases/pathology ; Neuronal Plasticity ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Prions/physiology ; RNA-Binding Proteins/genetics ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; Regeneration ; Synapses/metabolism
    Chemical Substances Cold Shock Proteins and Peptides ; Neuroprotective Agents ; Prions ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Rbm3 protein, mouse
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-01-14
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 120714-3
    ISSN 1476-4687 ; 0028-0836
    ISSN (online) 1476-4687
    ISSN 0028-0836
    DOI 10.1038/nature14142
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