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Article ; Online: Human monocytes respond to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation in a sex-dependent manner.

Campesi, Ilaria / Montella, Andrea / Franconi, Flavia

2021 Volume 237, Issue 1, Page(s) 580–588

Abstract: Monocytes play a critical role in inflammation and immune response, their activity being sex-dependent. However, the basis of sex differences is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effects on tumor necrosis factor- ...

Abstract	Monocytes play a critical role in inflammation and immune response, their activity being sex-dependent. However, the basis of sex differences is not well understood. Therefore, we investigated the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) effects on tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) release, autophagy, and chemotaxis in freshly isolated monocytes from healthy young men and women. In basal conditions, male and female monocytes had similar TNF-α release, chemotaxis, and estrogen receptors (ER-α) and ER-β expression, while the LC3II/I ratio was significantly higher in males. LPS treatment induced qualitative and quantitative sex differences. It reduced autophagy and increased TNF-α release only in male monocytes, while, chemotaxis was significantly influenced only in female cells. Moreover, it reduced the expression of ER-α only in female cells, while ER-β expression was reduced in both sexes, but more markedly in female cells. Finally, the interplay between LPS treatment and 17-β-estradiol (E
MeSH term(s)	Estradiol/metabolism ; Estradiol/pharmacology ; Estrogen Receptor beta/genetics ; Estrogen Receptor beta/metabolism ; Female ; Humans ; Lipopolysaccharides/metabolism ; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology ; Male ; Monocytes/metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Estrogen Receptor beta ; Lipopolysaccharides ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Estradiol (4TI98Z838E)
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-07-12
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	3116-1
ISSN	1097-4652 ; 0021-9541
ISSN (online)	1097-4652
ISSN	0021-9541
DOI	10.1002/jcp.30503
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: The Person's Care Requires a Sex and Gender Approach.

Campesi, Ilaria / Montella, Andrea / Seghieri, Giuseppe / Franconi, Flavia

Journal of clinical medicine

2021 Volume 10, Issue 20

Abstract: There is an urgent need to optimize pharmacology therapy with a consideration of high interindividual variability and economic costs. A sex-gender approach (which considers men, women, and people of diverse gender identities) and the assessment of ... ...

Abstract	There is an urgent need to optimize pharmacology therapy with a consideration of high interindividual variability and economic costs. A sex-gender approach (which considers men, women, and people of diverse gender identities) and the assessment of differences in sex and gender promote global health, avoiding systematic errors that generate results with low validity. Care for people should consider the single individual and his or her past and present life experiences, as well as his or her relationship with care providers. Therefore, intersectoral and interdisciplinary studies are urgently required. It is desirable to create teams made up of men and women to meet the needs of both. Finally, it is also necessary to build an alliance among regulatory and ethic authorities, statistics, informatics, the healthcare system and providers, researchers, the pharmaceutical and diagnostic industries, decision makers, and patients to overcome the gender gap in medicine and to take real care of a person in an appropriate manner.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-10-18
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662592-1
ISSN	2077-0383
ISSN	2077-0383
DOI	10.3390/jcm10204770
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Article ; Online: Sex Differences in X-ray-Induced Endothelial Damage: Effect of Taurine and N-Acetylcysteine

Campesi, Ilaria / Brunetti, Antonio / Capobianco, Giampiero / Galistu, Adriana / Montella, Andrea / Ieri, Francesca / Franconi, Flavia

Antioxidants. 2022 Dec. 29, v. 12, no. 1

2022

Abstract: Ionizing radiation (IR) can induce some associated pathological conditions due to numerous cell damages. The influence of sex is scarcely known, and even less known is whether the effect of antioxidants is sex-dependent. Given the increased use of IR, we ...

Abstract	Ionizing radiation (IR) can induce some associated pathological conditions due to numerous cell damages. The influence of sex is scarcely known, and even less known is whether the effect of antioxidants is sex-dependent. Given the increased use of IR, we investigated whether male human umbilical vein endothelial cells (MHUVECs) and female human umbilical vein endothelial cells (FHUVECs) respond differently to IR exposure and whether the antioxidants 10 mM taurine (TAU) and 5 mM N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can prevent IR-induced damage in a sex-dependent way. In untreated cells, sex differences were observed only during autophagy, which was higher in FHUVECs. In non-irradiated cells, preincubation with TAU and NAC did not modify viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, migration, or autophagy, whereas only NAC increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in FHUVECs. X-ray irradiation increased LDH release and reduced viability and migration in a sex-independent manner. TAU and NAC did not affect viability while reduced LDH release in irradiated cells: they have the same protective effect in FHUVECs, while, TAU was more protective than NAC in male cells.. Moreover, TAU and NAC significantly promoted the closure of wounds in both sexes in irradiated cells, but NAC was more effective at doing this in FHUVECs. In irradiated cells, TAU did not change autophagy, while NAC attenuated the differences between the sexes. Finally, NAC significantly decreased MDA in MHUVECs and increased MDA in FHUVECs. In conclusion, FHUVECs appear to be more susceptible to IR damage, and the effects of the two antioxidants present some sex differences, suggesting the need to study the influence of sex in radiation mitigators.
Keywords	X-radiation ; acetylcysteine ; autophagy ; females ; irradiation ; lactate dehydrogenase ; males ; malondialdehyde ; protective effect ; taurine ; viability
Language	English
Dates of publication	2022-1229
Publishing place	Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox12010077
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Letter to the Editor in response to the article 'Candidate drugs against SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19'.

Campesi, Ilaria / Montella, Andrea / Franconi, Flavia

Pharmacological research

2020 Volume 163, Page(s) 105285

MeSH term(s)	COVID-19 ; Humans ; Pharmaceutical Preparations ; SARS-CoV-2
Chemical Substances	Pharmaceutical Preparations
Keywords	covid19
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-11-04
Publishing country	Netherlands
Document type	Letter ; Comment
ZDB-ID	1003347-6
ISSN	1096-1186 ; 0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
ISSN (online)	1096-1186
ISSN	0031-6989 ; 1043-6618
DOI	10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105285
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Article: Human Umbilical Cord: Information Mine in Sex-Specific Medicine.

Campesi, Ilaria / Franconi, Flavia / Montella, Andrea / Dessole, Salvatore / Capobianco, Giampiero

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

2021 Volume 11, Issue 1

Abstract: Biological differences between sexes should be considered in all stages of research, as sexual dimorphism starts in utero leading to sex-specific fetal programming. In numerous biomedical fields, there is still a lack of stratification by sex despite ... ...

Abstract	Biological differences between sexes should be considered in all stages of research, as sexual dimorphism starts in utero leading to sex-specific fetal programming. In numerous biomedical fields, there is still a lack of stratification by sex despite primary cultured cells retaining memory of the sex and of the donor. The sex of donors in biological research must be known because variations in cells and cellular components can be used as endpoints, biomarkers and/or targets of pharmacological studies. This selective review focuses on the current findings regarding sex differences observed in the umbilical cord, a widely used source of research samples, both in the blood and in the circulating cells, as well as in the different cellular models obtainable from it. Moreover, an overview on sex differences in fetal programming is reported. As it emerges that the sex variable is still often forgotten in experimental models, we suggest that it should be mandatory to adopt sex-oriented research, because only awareness of these issues can lead to innovative research.
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-01-13
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Review
ZDB-ID	2662250-6
ISSN	2075-1729
ISSN	2075-1729
DOI	10.3390/life11010052
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Article: Sex Differences in X-ray-Induced Endothelial Damage: Effect of Taurine and N-Acetylcysteine.

Campesi, Ilaria / Brunetti, Antonio / Capobianco, Giampiero / Galistu, Adriana / Montella, Andrea / Ieri, Francesca / Franconi, Flavia

Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

2022 Volume 12, Issue 1

Abstract	Ionizing radiation (IR) can induce some associated pathological conditions due to numerous cell damages. The influence of sex is scarcely known, and even less known is whether the effect of antioxidants is sex-dependent. Given the increased use of IR, we investigated whether male human umbilical vein endothelial cells (MHUVECs) and female human umbilical vein endothelial cells (FHUVECs) respond differently to IR exposure and whether the antioxidants 10 mM taurine (TAU) and 5 mM N-acetylcysteine (NAC) can prevent IR-induced damage in a sex-dependent way. In untreated cells, sex differences were observed only during autophagy, which was higher in FHUVECs. In non-irradiated cells, preincubation with TAU and NAC did not modify viability, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) release, migration, or autophagy, whereas only NAC increased malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in FHUVECs. X-ray irradiation increased LDH release and reduced viability and migration in a sex-independent manner. TAU and NAC did not affect viability while reduced LDH release in irradiated cells: they have the same protective effect in FHUVECs, while, TAU was more protective than NAC in male cells.. Moreover, TAU and NAC significantly promoted the closure of wounds in both sexes in irradiated cells, but NAC was more effective at doing this in FHUVECs. In irradiated cells, TAU did not change autophagy, while NAC attenuated the differences between the sexes. Finally, NAC significantly decreased MDA in MHUVECs and increased MDA in FHUVECs. In conclusion, FHUVECs appear to be more susceptible to IR damage, and the effects of the two antioxidants present some sex differences, suggesting the need to study the influence of sex in radiation mitigators.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-12-29
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2704216-9
ISSN	2076-3921
ISSN	2076-3921
DOI	10.3390/antiox12010077
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Article ; Online: Smoking and combined oral contraceptives should be considered as an independent variable in sex and gender-oriented studies.

Campesi, Ilaria / Montella, Andrea / Sotgiu, Giovanni / Saderi, Laura / Tonolo, Giancarlo / Seghieri, Giuseppe / Franconi, Flavia

Toxicology and applied pharmacology

2022 Volume 457, Page(s) 116321

Abstract: The influence of sex combined with smoking and combined oral contraceptives (COC) use on atherogenic indexes is scarcely studied. Thus, traditional lipid parameters were measured, and non-traditional atherogenic indexes were calculated in a young and ... ...

Abstract	The influence of sex combined with smoking and combined oral contraceptives (COC) use on atherogenic indexes is scarcely studied. Thus, traditional lipid parameters were measured, and non-traditional atherogenic indexes were calculated in a young and healthy population of men, COC-free women, and COC users. Total cholesterol (TChol), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and HDL/LDL ratio were lower in men, while triglycerides (TG)/HDL ratio, atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), Castelli's Risk Index I (CRII) and CRI-II, atherogenic coefficient (AC), creatinine, creatinine clearance, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were higher in men. The use of COC modified TChol, HDL, TG, TG/HDL, and AIP which had significantly higher values in COC users. In addition, TG were also increased in COC users in comparison with men. Smoking reduced sexually divergent parameters: BMI, TG, HDL/LDL, TG/HDL, AIP, CRII, CRI-II, and AC became similar among the three cohorts, losing the reported sex differences. Smoking also reduced differences in TChol, HDL, TG, and AIP between COC-free women and COC users, but it does not affect CRII, CRI-II, creatinine, creatinine clearance, and eGFR, underlining that COC users and COC-free women have to be considered two different populations. Our results represent a complex landscape suggesting that for both sexes smoking should be an independent variable in medical studies. Moreover, in women, the use of COC evidenced two different cohorts. Thus, more variables should be considered during a single study indicating that sex, smoking, and COC should be studied together to get a picture of the real-life context.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-22
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	204477-8
ISSN	1096-0333 ; 0041-008X
ISSN (online)	1096-0333
ISSN	0041-008X
DOI	10.1016/j.taap.2022.116321
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Article: Brain perivascular spaces and autism: clinical and pathogenic implications from an innovative volumetric MRI study.

Sotgiu, Maria Alessandra / Lo Jacono, Alessandro / Barisano, Giuseppe / Saderi, Laura / Cavassa, Vanna / Montella, Andrea / Crivelli, Paola / Carta, Alessandra / Sotgiu, Stefano

Frontiers in neuroscience

2023 Volume 17, Page(s) 1205489

Abstract: Introduction: Our single-center case-control study aimed to evaluate the unclear glymphatic system alteration in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through an innovative neuroimaging tool which allows to segment and quantify perivascular spaces in the white ...

Abstract	Introduction: Our single-center case-control study aimed to evaluate the unclear glymphatic system alteration in autism spectrum disorder (ASD) through an innovative neuroimaging tool which allows to segment and quantify perivascular spaces in the white matter (WM-PVS) with filtering of non-structured noise and increase of the contrast-ratio between perivascular spaces and the surrounding parenchyma. Methods: Briefly, files of 65 ASD and 71 control patients were studied. We considered: ASD type, diagnosis and severity level and comorbidities (i.e., intellectual disability, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, epilepsy, sleep disturbances). We also examined diagnoses other than ASD and their associated comorbidities in the control group. Results: When males and females with ASD are included together, WM-PVS grade and WM-PVS volume do not significantly differ between the ASD group and the control group overall. We found, instead, that WM-PVS volume is significantly associated with male sex: males had higher WM-PVS volume compared to females (p = 0.01). WM-PVS dilation is also non-significantly associated with ASD severity and younger age (< 4 years). In ASD patients, higher WM-PVS volume was related with insomnia whereas no relation was found with epilepsy or IQ. Discussion: We concluded that WM-PVS dilation can be a neuroimaging feature of male ASD patients, particularly the youngest and most severe ones, which may rely on male-specific risk factors acting early during neurodevelopment, such as a transient excess of extra-axial CSF volume. Our findings can corroborate the well-known strong male epidemiological preponderance of autism worldwide.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-23
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2411902-7
ISSN	1662-453X ; 1662-4548
ISSN (online)	1662-453X
ISSN	1662-4548
DOI	10.3389/fnins.2023.1205489
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Article ; Online: Sex Influence on Autophagy Markers and miRNAs in Basal and Angiotensin II-Treated Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells.

Franconi, Flavia / Capobianco, Giampiero / Diana, Giuseppe / Lodde, Valeria / De Donno, Alberto / Idda, Maria Laura / Montella, Andrea / Campesi, Ilaria

International journal of molecular sciences

2023 Volume 24, Issue 19

Abstract: Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) display many sex and gender differences, and endothelial dysfunction, angiotensin II (Ang II), and autophagy represent key factors in the autophagic process Therefore, we studied whether Ang II modulates the mentioned ... ...

Abstract	Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) display many sex and gender differences, and endothelial dysfunction, angiotensin II (Ang II), and autophagy represent key factors in the autophagic process Therefore, we studied whether Ang II modulates the mentioned processes in a sex-specific way in HUVECs obtained from healthy male and female newborns. In basal HUVECs, the Parkin gene and protein were higher in FHUVECs than in MHUVECs, while the Beclin-1 protein was more expressed in MHUVECs, and no other significant differences were detected. Ang II significantly increases LAMP-1 and p62 protein expression and decreases the expression of Parkin protein in comparison to basal in MHUVECs. In FHUVECs, Ang II significantly increases the expression of Beclin-1 gene and protein, and
MeSH term(s)	Infant, Newborn ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; MicroRNAs/genetics ; MicroRNAs/metabolism ; Human Umbilical Vein Endothelial Cells/metabolism ; Angiotensin II/pharmacology ; Angiotensin II/metabolism ; Autophagy/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/genetics ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases/metabolism
Chemical Substances	MicroRNAs ; Angiotensin II (11128-99-7) ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases (EC 2.3.2.27)
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-10-05
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2019364-6
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
ISSN (online)	1422-0067
ISSN	1422-0067 ; 1661-6596
DOI	10.3390/ijms241914929
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Article: Objective Non-Invasive Bio-Parametric Evaluation of Regenerated Skin: A Comparison of Two Acellular Dermal Substitutes.

Rampazzo, Silvia / Ferrari, Marco / Sotgiu, Maria Alessandra / Piu, Gabriella / Solinas, Maria Giuliana / Usai, Noemi / Bulla, Antonio / Serra, Pietro Luciano / Grieco, Federica / Montella, Andrea / Mazzarello, Vittorio / Rubino, Corrado

Life (Basel, Switzerland)

2024 Volume 14, Issue 1

Abstract: Several dermal substitutes are available on the market, but there is no precise indication that helps surgeons choose the proper one. Few studies have tried to compare different xenogeneic bioengineered products, but no objective bio-parametric ... ...

Abstract	Several dermal substitutes are available on the market, but there is no precise indication that helps surgeons choose the proper one. Few studies have tried to compare different xenogeneic bioengineered products, but no objective bio-parametric comparison has been made yet. Fifteen patients who underwent skin reconstruction with Integra
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-01-15
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2662250-6
ISSN	2075-1729
ISSN	2075-1729
DOI	10.3390/life14010121
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