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Article ; Online: Serum C-reactive Protein and Protein Electrophoretic Pattern Correlated With Age in Horses

Arfuso, Francesca / Piccione, Giuseppe / Guttadauro, Alberto / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Giudice, Elisabetta / Giannetto, Claudia

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2023 July, v. 126 p.104561-

2023

Abstract: Inflammaging or chronic, low-grade inflammation is a phenomenon characterizing age-related pathologies and natural processes in aging tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the serum levels of C-reactive protein and protein ... ...

Abstract	Inflammaging or chronic, low-grade inflammation is a phenomenon characterizing age-related pathologies and natural processes in aging tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the serum levels of C-reactive protein and protein electrophoretic pattern in horses. Thirty Italian Saddle horses from the same horse training center, were enrolled and divided in three equal groups according to their age: Group A (2-4 years), Group B (7-10 years), Group C (15-20 years). Blood samples were collected from each horse to evaluate hematological parameters and the serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), total proteins, albumin, α1-, α-2, β1-, β2- and γ-globulins. One-way analysis of variance showed an age-related difference in the concentration of CRP, α1- and α2-globulins (P < 0.001) which increased with aging. Albumin and albumin:globulin ratio showed lower values in Groups B and C than Group A (P < 0.001). Age of horses showed a negative correlation with the values of albumin, and a positive correlation with CRP, α1- and α2-globulins concentration. The results of the current study suggest an increased acute phase response in adult and old horses compared to young ones. As α-globulin fractions include many other acute phase proteins (APPs) in addition to CRP, further studies to assess what other APPs could be involved in chronic inflammation or “inflammaging” are recommended in horse in order to improve knowledge on the key inflammatory biomarkers during aging in this species.
Keywords	C-reactive protein ; adults ; albumins ; analysis of variance ; biomarkers ; blood serum ; electrophoresis ; horses ; inflammation ; veterinary medicine ; Serum protein electrophoresis ; Age ; Horse ; Acute phase response
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-07
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104561
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Interplay among the daily rhythm of the thyroid hormones, uncoupling protein 1 and the clock gene Per2 in horses

Giannetto, Claudia / Arfuso, Francesca / Giudice, Elisabetta / Guercio, Annalisa / Cannella, Vincenza / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Piccione, Giuseppe

Journal of Equine Veterinary Science. 2023, p.104496-

2023 , Page(s) 104496–

Abstract: During husbandry, domestic animals are exposed to many factors that can influence their circadian physiology organization leading to an increase in animals' discomfort. Thermal homeostasis is at the basis of animal wellness, the aim of the present study ... ...

Abstract	During husbandry, domestic animals are exposed to many factors that can influence their circadian physiology organization leading to an increase in animals' discomfort. Thermal homeostasis is at the basis of animal wellness, the aim of the present study was to investigate the daily fluctuation of serum concentrations of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in association with the daily fluctuation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and clock gene Per2 in healthy horses housed in individual box, to improve the knowledge on this matter. Seven clinically healthy female Italian Saddle horses (8-10 years old, 510±32 kg), were housed in individual boxes under natural photoperiod and environmental temperature and humidity. Blood samples were collected at 4-h intervals over a 48-h period, for the assessment of T3, T4, UCP1, and clock gene Per2. The application of two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on raw data showed a statistically significant effect of time of day on all studied parameters A robust daily rhythm of T3, T4, and Per2 was observed. T3 showed a diurnal rhythm, with the acrophase at about five h after sunrise, T4 acrophase was observed in the middle of the scotophase, Per2 acrophase was observed close to sunrise. In conclusion, we can claim that in horses kept under natural environmental conditions and not subjected to thermal stress, there is a daily rhythm of thyroid hormones associated with a daily rhythm of Per2 expression in the peripheral blood, and UCP1 remained constant during the two days.
Keywords	ambient temperature ; analysis of variance ; blood serum ; circadian rhythm ; females ; genes ; homeostasis ; horses ; humidity ; scotophase ; thermal stress ; thyroxine ; veterinary medicine ; Thermoregulation ; thyroid ; brown adipose tissue ; clock genes ; Equus caballus
Language	English
Publishing place	Elsevier Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Note	Pre-press version
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104496
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: The housing system influences daily total locomotor activity (TLA) in dairy cows

Arfuso, Francesca / Zumbo, Alessandro / Castronovo, Calogero / Giudice, Elisabetta / Piccione, Giuseppe / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Giannetto, Claudia

Biological Rhythm Research. 2023 Jan. 02, v. 54, no. 1 p.131-139

2023

Abstract: The daily pattern of total locomotor activity (TLA) of cattle kept in different housing conditions was investigated in order to evaluate whether TLA could be used as a useful index of animal welfare. Twenty Modicana cattle were divided into two equal ... ...

Abstract	The daily pattern of total locomotor activity (TLA) of cattle kept in different housing conditions was investigated in order to evaluate whether TLA could be used as a useful index of animal welfare. Twenty Modicana cattle were divided into two equal groups: Group A, housed in a grazing area of 5 hectare, and Group B, housed in a paddock of 200 m². Animals were equipped with activity-monitoring data loggers (Actiwatch-Mini®) to record the daily TLA for 7 days. The trigonometric statistical model, used to describe the rhythmic parameters (mesor, amplitude, acrophase and robustness of rhythm), indicated a diurnal rhythm of TLA in cattle. Animals belonging to Group B showed lower TLA, an anticipation of acrophase (time of activity peak) of TLA, and lower values of Mesor, amplitude and robustness of rhythm compared to Group A (p < 0.05). These results suggest that cattle in the paddock condition showed disturbed physiological characteristics of TLA displaying a flattening in its daily pattern compared to animals kept in the grazing area. This aspect should be taken into consideration of farming management in the planning of housing conditions, which should respect the requirement of locomotor activity and related physiological behaviors of cattle in order to guarantee the animal welfare.
Keywords	animal welfare ; cattle ; circadian rhythm ; locomotion ; pastures ; research ; statistical models ; housing conditions ; livestock ; total locomotor activity
Language	English
Dates of publication	2023-0102
Size	p. 131-139.
Publishing place	Taylor & Francis
Document type	Article ; Online
ZDB-ID	1185065-6
ISSN	1744-4179 ; 0929-1016
ISSN (online)	1744-4179
ISSN	0929-1016
DOI	10.1080/09291016.2022.2098447
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article: Interplay Among the Daily Rhythm of the Thyroid Hormones, Uncoupling Protein 1 and the Clock Gene Per2 in Horses.

Giannetto, Claudia / Arfuso, Francesca / Giudice, Elisabetta / Guercio, Annalisa / Cannella, Vincenza / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Piccione, Giuseppe

Journal of equine veterinary science

2023 Volume 126, Page(s) 104496

Abstract	During husbandry, domestic animals are exposed to many factors that can influence their circadian physiology organization leading to an increase in animals' discomfort. Thermal homeostasis is at the basis of animal wellness, the aim of the present study was to investigate the daily fluctuation of serum concentrations of 3,5,3'-triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) in association with the daily fluctuation of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) and clock gene Per2 in healthy horses housed in individual box, to improve the knowledge on this matter. Seven clinically healthy female Italian Saddle horses (8-10 years old, 510 ± 32 kg), were housed in individual boxes under natural photoperiod and environmental temperature and humidity. Blood samples were collected at 4-hour intervals over a 48-hour period, for the assessment of T3, T4, UCP1, and clock gene Per2. The application of two-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) on raw data showed a statistically significant effect of time of day on all studied parameters. A robust daily rhythm of T3, T4, and Per2 was observed. T3 showed a diurnal rhythm, with the acrophase at about 5 hours after sunrise, T4 acrophase was observed in the middle of the scotophase, Per2 acrophase was observed close to sunrise. In conclusion, we can claim that in horses kept under natural environmental conditions and not subjected to thermal stress, there is a daily rhythm of thyroid hormones associated with a daily rhythm of Per2 expression in the peripheral blood, and UCP1 remained constant during the two days.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Female ; Circadian Rhythm/genetics ; Horses/genetics ; Thyroid Hormones ; Thyroxine ; Triiodothyronine/metabolism ; Uncoupling Protein 1/metabolism
Chemical Substances	Thyroid Hormones ; Thyroxine (Q51BO43MG4) ; Triiodothyronine (06LU7C9H1V) ; Uncoupling Protein 1
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-04-21
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104496
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Serum C-reactive Protein and Protein Electrophoretic Pattern Correlated With Age in Horses.

Arfuso, Francesca / Piccione, Giuseppe / Guttadauro, Alberto / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Giudice, Elisabetta / Giannetto, Claudia

Journal of equine veterinary science

2023 Volume 126, Page(s) 104561

Abstract	Inflammaging or chronic, low-grade inflammation is a phenomenon characterizing age-related pathologies and natural processes in aging tissues. This study aimed to investigate the effect of age on the serum levels of C-reactive protein and protein electrophoretic pattern in horses. Thirty Italian Saddle horses from the same horse training center, were enrolled and divided in three equal groups according to their age: Group A (2-4 years), Group B (7-10 years), Group C (15-20 years). Blood samples were collected from each horse to evaluate hematological parameters and the serum concentration of C-reactive protein (CRP), total proteins, albumin, α1-, α-2, β1-, β2- and γ-globulins. One-way analysis of variance showed an age-related difference in the concentration of CRP, α1- and α2-globulins (P < 0.001) which increased with aging. Albumin and albumin:globulin ratio showed lower values in Groups B and C than Group A (P < 0.001). Age of horses showed a negative correlation with the values of albumin, and a positive correlation with CRP, α1- and α2-globulins concentration. The results of the current study suggest an increased acute phase response in adult and old horses compared to young ones. As α-globulin fractions include many other acute phase proteins (APPs) in addition to CRP, further studies to assess what other APPs could be involved in chronic inflammation or "inflammaging" are recommended in horse in order to improve knowledge on the key inflammatory biomarkers during aging in this species.
MeSH term(s)	Animals ; Horses ; Blood Proteins/analysis ; C-Reactive Protein/analysis ; Albumins/analysis ; Inflammation/veterinary ; Globulins ; Horse Diseases
Chemical Substances	Blood Proteins ; C-Reactive Protein (9007-41-4) ; Albumins ; Globulins
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-05-07
Publishing country	United States
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2102631-2
ISSN	1542-7412 ; 0737-0806
ISSN (online)	1542-7412
ISSN	0737-0806
DOI	10.1016/j.jevs.2023.104561
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Serum Cortisol and Its Correlation with Leucocyte Profile and Circulating Lipids in Donkeys (

Alberghina, Daniela / Statelli, Alessandra / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Vazzana, Irene / Cascone, Giuseppe / Panzera, Michele

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2022 Volume 12, Issue 7

Abstract: The values for basal serum cortisol concentrations of horses are available in many studies. However, there are limited data about serum cortisol in donkeys. The present study aimed to determine the baseline values for serum cortisol, to evaluate the ... ...

Abstract	The values for basal serum cortisol concentrations of horses are available in many studies. However, there are limited data about serum cortisol in donkeys. The present study aimed to determine the baseline values for serum cortisol, to evaluate the influence of age and pregnancy on its levels, and to correlate its values with leucocyte profile, serum cholesterol, and triglycerides. Serum samples were collected from 97 healthy donkeys. Cortisol was analyzed by chemo-luminescent assay. The median and the 2.5th and 97.5th percentiles of serum cortisol measured and calculated in all donkeys were 5.64, 3.40, and 10.54 µg/dL, respectively. Females (n.91) were divided into three groups: Group A (young), Group B (adult), and Group C (pregnant at the 9th−11th months). The effect of age and physiological status was investigated by the Mann−Whitney test. Group C showed significantly higher levels than Group B (p < 0.05). Significant correlations were found in Group B with monocytes (r = 0.37, p < 0.01) and triglycerides (r = 0.30, p < 0.05), and in Group C with monocytes (r = 0.79, p < 0.01), basophils (r = 0.6, p < 0.05), and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (r = −0.63, p < 0.05). Higher cortisol values related to late pregnancy are also found in this species. These preliminary results provide evidence for a relationship between cortisol and the immune system as well as cortisol and lipid metabolism modulated by age and pregnancy when parameters are within normal values.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-26
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12070841
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Circadian Variation of Peripheral Blood Cells in Horses Maintained in Different Environmental and Management Conditions.

Aragona, Francesca / Arfuso, Francesca / Fazio, Francesco / De Caro, Salvatore / Giudice, Elisabetta / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Piccione, Giuseppe / Giannetto, Claudia

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2023 Volume 13, Issue 11

Abstract: The aim of our study was to analyze circadian rhythm of the hematological profile of horses housed in a loose box and paddock during the different seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter). Blood samples were performed every 4 h for 48 consecutive ... ...

Abstract	The aim of our study was to analyze circadian rhythm of the hematological profile of horses housed in a loose box and paddock during the different seasons (spring, summer, autumn, and winter). Blood samples were performed every 4 h for 48 consecutive hours. Red blood cells (RBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocrit (HCT), white blood cells (WBCs), platelets (PLTs), and leukocyte subpopulations (neutrophils, basophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes) were analyzed, and, at the same time, environmental conditions were recorded. A statistically significant effect of housing conditions (
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-06-03
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani13111865
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article ; Online: Prevalence of infectious diseases on dairy farms classified on the basis of their biosecurity score

Perillo Laura / Cascone Giuseppe / Antoci Francesco / Piccione Giuseppe / Giannetto Claudia / Salonia Rosario / Salina Felice / Giudice Elisabetta / Monteverde Vincenzo / Licitra Francesca

Journal of Veterinary Research, Vol 66, Iss 1, Pp 103-

2022 Volume 107

Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between biosecurity as scored on the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Centre (Centro di Referenza Nazionale per il Benessere Animale – CReNBA) checklist and the prevalence of Mycobacterium ...

Abstract	The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between biosecurity as scored on the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Centre (Centro di Referenza Nazionale per il Benessere Animale – CReNBA) checklist and the prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Chlamydophila abortus and Neospora caninum on dairy farms located in Ragusa, Italy.
Keywords	biosecurity ; animal welfare ; farm animals ; dairy cow ; infectious diseases ; Veterinary medicine ; SF600-1100
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Sciendo
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Heavy Metal Levels in Milk and Serum of Dairy Cows from Different Farms Located near an Industrial Area.

Monteverde, Vincenzo / Camilleri, Gaetano / Arfuso, Francesca / Pennisi, Melissa / Perillo, Laura / Patitò, Gioacchino / Gioia, Gianluca / Castronovo, Calogero / Piccione, Giuseppe

Animals : an open access journal from MDPI

2022 Volume 12, Issue 19

Abstract: ... ...

Abstract	Background
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-27
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2606558-7
ISSN	2076-2615
ISSN	2076-2615
DOI	10.3390/ani12192574
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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Article: Prevalence of Infectious Diseases on Dairy Farms Classified on The Basis of Their Biosecurity Score.

Perillo, Laura / Cascone, Giuseppe / Antoci, Francesco / Piccione, Giuseppe / Giannetto, Claudia / Salonia, Rosario / Salina, Felice / Giudice, Elisabetta / Monteverde, Vincenzo / Licitra, Francesca

Journal of veterinary research

2022 Volume 66, Issue 1, Page(s) 103–107

Abstract: Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between biosecurity as scored on the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Centre (Centro di Referenza Nazionale per il Benessere Animale - CReNBA) checklist and the prevalence ... ...

Abstract	Introduction: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between biosecurity as scored on the Italian National Animal Welfare Reference Centre (Centro di Referenza Nazionale per il Benessere Animale - CReNBA) checklist and the prevalence of Material and methods: The checklist was used to assign an animal welfare score to 31 dairy farms. Twenty-one farms with a moderate score (>33%, <66%) formed group 1, and 10 farms with a high score (>66%) were group 2. Blood samples were collected from all cows on each farm to investigate the titres of antibodies against the relevant pathogens. Two-way analysis of variance was applied to assess differences between the two experimental groups and the Mann-Whitney test was applied to evaluate prevalence differences in the tested parasites between the groups. Results: All tested farms had a score that classified them as either good or excellent. A higher incidence of Conclusion: The CReNBA checklist represents an impartial, reproducible, functional and smart instrument based on risk analysis and assigns a farm a mathematical animal welfare score. Among the parasites tested for, only
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-01
Publishing country	Poland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2855010-9
ISSN	2450-8608 ; 2450-7393
ISSN (online)	2450-8608
ISSN	2450-7393
DOI	10.2478/jvetres-2022-0006
Database	MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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