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  1. Article ; Online: Is there a role for immune-enhancing therapies for acutely ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019?

    Wittebole, Xavier / Montiel, Virginie / Mesland, Jean-Baptiste

    Current opinion in critical care

    2021  Volume 27, Issue 5, Page(s) 480–486

    Abstract: Purpose of review: Although the so-called cytokine storm has been early described and related to a dramatic evolution in severe COVID-19 patients, it soon became clear that those patients display clinical and biological evidence of an immunosuppressive ... ...

    Abstract Purpose of review: Although the so-called cytokine storm has been early described and related to a dramatic evolution in severe COVID-19 patients, it soon became clear that those patients display clinical and biological evidence of an immunosuppressive state characterized, among other, by a profound lymphopenia. The negative role of this immune suppression on the outcome raises the question on immune therapies that might improve patient's condition.
    Recent findings: Important positive effects of active immune therapies, such as IL-7 or thymosin-α are already described and warrant confirmation in larger prospective trials. For other therapies, such as interferons, firm conclusions for critically ill COVID-19 patients are lacking as those patients were often excluded from the published trials. Treatment with immunoglobulins or convalescent plasma is a passive strategy to provide specific immunity. Unfortunately, results from large RCTs do not support their use presently.
    Summary: In this article, we provide a review on active and passive immune boosting strategies that might help treating the most severe COVID-19 patients. We mainly focus on active strategies that include IL-7, thymosin-α, interferons, and vitamin D. Although some positive effects are described, they certainly warrant confirmation in large randomized controlled trials.
    MeSH term(s) COVID-19/therapy ; Coronavirus Infections ; Humans ; Immunization, Passive ; Prospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 Serotherapy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-07-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1235629-3
    ISSN 1531-7072 ; 1070-5295
    ISSN (online) 1531-7072
    ISSN 1070-5295
    DOI 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000862
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Administration of Supplemental Oxygen.

    Wittebole, Xavier / Duprez, Frédéric / Montiel, Virginie

    The New England journal of medicine

    2021  Volume 385, Issue 17, Page(s) e61

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Oxygen
    Chemical Substances Oxygen (S88TT14065)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Letter ; Comment
    ZDB-ID 207154-x
    ISSN 1533-4406 ; 0028-4793
    ISSN (online) 1533-4406
    ISSN 0028-4793
    DOI 10.1056/NEJMc2113496
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Biological Assessment of the NO-Dependent Endothelial Function.

    Boughaleb, Hasnae / Lobysheva, Irina / Dei Zotti, Flavia / Balligand, Jean-Luc / Montiel, Virginie

    Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

    2022  Volume 27, Issue 22

    Abstract: Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in numerous physiological processes, including vascular homeostasis. Reduced NO bioavailability is a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction, a prequel to many cardiovascular diseases. Biomarkers of an early NO-dependent ... ...

    Abstract Nitric oxide (NO) is implicated in numerous physiological processes, including vascular homeostasis. Reduced NO bioavailability is a hallmark of endothelial dysfunction, a prequel to many cardiovascular diseases. Biomarkers of an early NO-dependent endothelial dysfunction obtained from routine venous blood sampling would be of great interest but are currently lacking. The direct measurement of circulating NO remains a challenge due by its high reactivity and short half-life. The current techniques measure stable products from the NO signaling pathway or metabolic end products of NO that do not accurately represent its bioavailability and, therefore, endothelial function per se. In this review, we will concentrate on an original technique of low temperature electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy capable to directly measure the 5-α-coordinated heme nitrosyl-hemoglobin in the T (tense) state (5-α-nitrosyl-hemoglobin or HbNO) obtained from fresh venous human erythrocytes. In humans, HbNO reflects the bioavailability of NO formed in the vasculature from vascular endothelial NOS or exogenous NO donors with minor contribution from erythrocyte NOS. The HbNO signal is directly correlated with the vascular endothelial function and inversely correlated with vascular oxidative stress. Pilot studies support the validity of HbNO measurements both for the detection of endothelial dysfunction in asymptomatic subjects and for the monitoring of such dysfunction in patients with known cardiovascular disease. The impact of therapies or the severity of diseases such as COVID-19 infection involving the endothelium could also be monitored and their incumbent risk of complications better predicted through serial measurements of HbNO.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; COVID-19 ; Hemoglobins/metabolism ; Endothelium, Vascular/metabolism
    Chemical Substances hemoglobin A, glycosylated-nitric oxide complex ; Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Hemoglobins
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-16
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 1413402-0
    ISSN 1420-3049 ; 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    ISSN (online) 1420-3049
    ISSN 1431-5165 ; 1420-3049
    DOI 10.3390/molecules27227921
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: HELIOS-expressing human CD8 T cells exhibit limited effector functions.

    Neyens, Damien / Hirsch, Thibault / Abdel Aziz Issa Abdel Hadi, Achraqat / Dauguet, Nicolas / Vanhaver, Christophe / Bayard, Alexandre / Wildmann, Claude / Luyckx, Mathieu / Squifflet, Jean-Luc / D'Hondt, Quentin / Duhamel, Céline / Huaux, Antoine / Montiel, Virginie / Dechamps, Mélanie / van der Bruggen, Pierre

    Frontiers in immunology

    2023  Volume 14, Page(s) 1308539

    Abstract: Introduction: The transcription factor HELIOS is primarily known for its expression in CD4 regulatory T cells, both in humans and mice. In mice, HELIOS is found in exhausted CD8 T cells. However, information on human HELIOS: Methods: In this study, ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: The transcription factor HELIOS is primarily known for its expression in CD4 regulatory T cells, both in humans and mice. In mice, HELIOS is found in exhausted CD8 T cells. However, information on human HELIOS
    Methods: In this study, we characterized by flow cytometry and transcriptomic analyses human HELIOS
    Results: These T cells primarily consist of memory cells and constitute approximately 21% of blood CD8 T cells. In comparison with memory HELIOS
    Discussion: Our findings emphasize that HELIOS is expressed across various CD8 T cell populations, highlighting its significance beyond its role as a transcription factor for Treg or exhausted murine CD8 T cells. The significance of the connection between HELIOS and HLA-E restriction is yet to be understood.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Animals ; Mice ; HLA-E Antigens ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Transcription Factors/genetics ; Cytomegalovirus Infections
    Chemical Substances HLA-E Antigens ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; Transcription Factors
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-12-22
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2606827-8
    ISSN 1664-3224 ; 1664-3224
    ISSN (online) 1664-3224
    ISSN 1664-3224
    DOI 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1308539
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Development of SARS-CoV2 humoral response including neutralizing antibodies is not sufficient to protect patients against fatal infection.

    Choteau, Mathilde / Scohy, Anaïs / Messe, Stéphane / Luyckx, Mathieu / Dechamps, Mélanie / Montiel, Virginie / Yombi, Jean Cyr / Gruson, Damien / Limaye, Nisha / Michiels, Thomas / Dumoutier, Laure

    Scientific reports

    2022  Volume 12, Issue 1, Page(s) 2077

    Abstract: More than a year after the start of the pandemic, COVID-19 remains a global health emergency. Although the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively studied, some points remain controversial. One is the role of antibodies in viral clearance ...

    Abstract More than a year after the start of the pandemic, COVID-19 remains a global health emergency. Although the immune response against SARS-CoV-2 has been extensively studied, some points remain controversial. One is the role of antibodies in viral clearance and modulation of disease severity. While passive transfer of neutralizing antibodies protects against SARS-CoV-2 infection in animal models, titers of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies have been reported to be higher in patients suffering from more severe forms of the disease. A second key question for pandemic management and vaccine design is the persistence of the humoral response. Here, we characterized the antibody response in 187 COVID-19 patients, ranging from asymptomatic individuals to patients who died from COVID-19, and including patients who recovered. We developed in-house ELISAs to measure titers of IgG, IgM and IgA directed against the RBD or N regions in patient serum or plasma, and a spike-pseudotyped neutralization assay to analyse seroneutralization. Higher titers of virus-specific antibodies were detected in patients with severe COVID-19, including deceased patients, compared to asymptomatic patients. This demonstrates that fatal infection is not associated with defective humoral response. Finally, most of recovered patients still had anti-SARS-CoV-2 IgG more than 3 months after infection.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Antibodies, Neutralizing/immunology ; Antibodies, Viral/immunology ; COVID-19/immunology ; COVID-19/mortality ; Female ; Humans ; Immunity, Humoral ; Male ; Middle Aged ; SARS-CoV-2/immunology
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Neutralizing ; Antibodies, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-02-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Clinical Trial ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2615211-3
    ISSN 2045-2322 ; 2045-2322
    ISSN (online) 2045-2322
    ISSN 2045-2322
    DOI 10.1038/s41598-022-06038-5
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article: Surgical mask on top of high-flow nasal cannula improves oxygenation in critically ill COVID-19 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure.

    Montiel, Virginie / Robert, Arnaud / Robert, Annie / Nabaoui, Anas / Marie, Tourneux / Mestre, Natalia Morales / Guillaume, Maerckx / Laterre, Pierre-François / Wittebole, Xavier

    Annals of intensive care

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 1, Page(s) 125

    Abstract: Objective: Critically ill patients admitted in ICU because of COVID-19 infection display severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends oxygenation through high-flow nasal cannula over non-invasive ventilation. The ... ...

    Abstract Objective: Critically ill patients admitted in ICU because of COVID-19 infection display severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends oxygenation through high-flow nasal cannula over non-invasive ventilation. The primary outcome of our study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of a surgical mask on a high-flow nasal cannula system on oxygenation parameters in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU who do not require urgent intubation. The secondary outcomes were relevant changes in PaCO
    Design: We prospectively assessed 21 patients admitted in our mixed Intensive Care Unit of the Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc.
    Main results: While FiO2 was unchanged, we demonstrate a significant increase of PaO
    Conclusion: A surgical mask placed on patient's face already treated by a High-flow nasal cannula device improves COVID-19 patient's oxygenation admitted in Intensive Care Unit for severe hypoxemic respiratory failure without any clinically relevant side.
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-29
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2617094-2
    ISSN 2110-5820
    ISSN 2110-5820
    DOI 10.1186/s13613-020-00744-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Increased Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 and Loss of Alveolar Type II Cells in COVID-19-related Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

    Gerard, Ludovic / Lecocq, Marylene / Bouzin, Caroline / Hoton, Delphine / Schmit, Gregory / Pereira, Joao Pinto / Montiel, Virginie / Plante-Bordeneuve, Thomas / Laterre, Pierre-François / Pilette, Charles

    American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

    2021  Volume 204, Issue 9, Page(s) 1024–1034

    Abstract: Rationale: ...

    Abstract Rationale:
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Alveolar Epithelial Cells/metabolism ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2/metabolism ; Biomarkers/metabolism ; COVID-19/diagnosis ; COVID-19/metabolism ; COVID-19/physiopathology ; Case-Control Studies ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A/metabolism ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/diagnosis ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/metabolism ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome/virology ; Retrospective Studies ; Severity of Illness Index ; Up-Regulation
    Chemical Substances Biomarkers ; ACE protein, human (EC 3.4.15.1) ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A (EC 3.4.15.1) ; ACE2 protein, human (EC 3.4.17.23) ; Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (EC 3.4.17.23)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-27
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1180953-x
    ISSN 1535-4970 ; 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    ISSN (online) 1535-4970
    ISSN 0003-0805 ; 1073-449X
    DOI 10.1164/rccm.202012-4461OC
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Nitric oxide synthase in post-ischaemic remodelling: new pathways and mechanisms.

    Manoury, Boris / Montiel, Virginie / Balligand, Jean-Luc

    Cardiovascular research

    2012  Volume 94, Issue 2, Page(s) 304–315

    Abstract: The three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), spatially confined in specific intracellular compartments in cardiac cells, have distinct roles in the regulation of contractility in pathophysiological situations. Recently, evidence has emerged that ... ...

    Abstract The three isoforms of nitric oxide synthase (NOS), spatially confined in specific intracellular compartments in cardiac cells, have distinct roles in the regulation of contractility in pathophysiological situations. Recently, evidence has emerged that implicates NOS in modulating myocardial remodelling during cardiac stress, including after ischaemic insults. As long as they remain in a coupled state the NOS mostly attenuate hypertrophic remodelling through both cGMP-dependent and independent mechanisms. We review the evidence provided from the phenotype of genetic mouse models as well as from in vitro cell experiments dissecting the signalling effectors involved in the NOS-mediated regulation that justify new therapeutic interventions on the NOS-cGMP axis to attenuate the development of heart failure.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Heart Failure/metabolism ; Heart Failure/physiopathology ; Humans ; Mice ; Myocardium/metabolism ; Myocardium/pathology ; Nitric Oxide/metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase/physiology ; Signal Transduction ; Ventricular Remodeling/physiology
    Chemical Substances Nitric Oxide (31C4KY9ESH) ; Nitric Oxide Synthase (EC 1.14.13.39)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-05-01
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 80340-6
    ISSN 1755-3245 ; 0008-6363
    ISSN (online) 1755-3245
    ISSN 0008-6363
    DOI 10.1093/cvr/cvr360
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Diltiazem poisoning treated with hyperinsulinemic euglycemia therapy and intravenous lipid emulsion.

    Montiel, Virginie / Gougnard, Thierry / Hantson, Philippe

    European journal of emergency medicine : official journal of the European Society for Emergency Medicine

    2011  Volume 18, Issue 2, Page(s) 121–123

    Abstract: Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been proposed as a rescue therapy for severe local anesthetic drugs toxicity, but experience is limited with other lipophilic drugs. An 18-year-old healthy woman was admitted 8 h after the voluntary ingestion of ... ...

    Abstract Intravenous lipid emulsion (ILE) has been proposed as a rescue therapy for severe local anesthetic drugs toxicity, but experience is limited with other lipophilic drugs. An 18-year-old healthy woman was admitted 8 h after the voluntary ingestion of sustained-release diltiazem (3600 mg), with severe hypotension refractory to fluid therapy, calcium salts, and high-dose norepinephrine (6.66 μg/kg/min). Hyperinsulinemic euglycemia therapy was initiated and shortly after was followed by a protocol of ILE (intralipid 20%, 1.5 ml/kg as bolus, followed by 0.25 ml/kg over 1h). The main finding attributed to ILE was an apparent rapid decrease in insulin resistance, despite a prolonged serum diltiazem elimination half-life. Diltiazem is a lipophilic cardiotoxic drug, which could be sequestered in an expanded plasma lipid phase. The mechanism of action of ILE is not known, including its role in insulin resistance and myocardial metabolism in calcium-channel blocker poisoning.
    MeSH term(s) Adolescent ; Blood Glucose/analysis ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Diltiazem/poisoning ; Emergency Treatment ; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous/administration & dosage ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glucose Clamp Technique ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Insulin/administration & dosage ; Intensive Care Units ; Poisoning/therapy ; Risk Assessment ; Suicide, Attempted ; Treatment Outcome
    Chemical Substances Blood Glucose ; Fat Emulsions, Intravenous ; Insulin ; Diltiazem (EE92BBP03H)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2011-04
    Publishing country England
    Document type Case Reports ; Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1233544-7
    ISSN 1473-5695 ; 0969-9546
    ISSN (online) 1473-5695
    ISSN 0969-9546
    DOI 10.1097/MEJ.0b013e32834130ab
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Surgical mask on top of high-flow nasal cannula improves oxygenation in critically ill COVID-19 patients with hypoxemic respiratory failure

    Montiel, Virginie / Robert, Arnaud / Robert, Annie / Nabaoui, Anas / Marie, Tourneux / Mestre, Natalia Morales / Guillaume, Maerckx / Laterre, Pierre-François / Wittebole, Xavier

    Annals of Intensive Care

    2020  Volume 10, Issue 1

    Abstract: Abstract Objective Critically ill patients admitted in ICU because of COVID-19 infection display severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends oxygenation through high-flow nasal cannula over non-invasive ventilation. The ...

    Abstract Abstract Objective Critically ill patients admitted in ICU because of COVID-19 infection display severe hypoxemic respiratory failure. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign recommends oxygenation through high-flow nasal cannula over non-invasive ventilation. The primary outcome of our study was to evaluate the effect of the addition of a surgical mask on a high-flow nasal cannula system on oxygenation parameters in hypoxemic COVID-19 patients admitted in ICU who do not require urgent intubation. The secondary outcomes were relevant changes in PaCO 2 associated with clinical modifications and patient’s feelings. Design We prospectively assessed 21 patients admitted in our mixed Intensive Care Unit of the Cliniques Universitaires Saint Luc. Main results While FiO2 was unchanged, we demonstrate a significant increase of PaO 2 (from 59 (± 6), to 79 mmHg (± 16), p < 0.001), PaO 2 /FiO 2 from 83 (± 22), to 111 (± 38), p < 0.001) and SaO 2 (from 91% (± 1.5), to 94% (± 1.6), p < 0.001), while the patients were under the surgical mask. The SpO 2 returned to pre-treatment values when the surgical mask was removed confirming the effect of the device rather than a spontaneous positive evolution. Conclusion A surgical mask placed on patient’s face already treated by a High-flow nasal cannula device improves COVID-19 patient’s oxygenation admitted in Intensive Care Unit for severe hypoxemic respiratory failure without any clinically relevant side.
    Keywords Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine ; covid19
    Language English
    Publisher Springer Science and Business Media LLC
    Publishing country us
    Document type Article ; Online
    ZDB-ID 2617094-2
    ISSN 2110-5820
    ISSN 2110-5820
    DOI 10.1186/s13613-020-00744-x
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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