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Article: Association Between Dietary Habits and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Thai Adults: A Case-Control Study.

Kalandarova, Makhbuba / Ahmad, Ishtiaq / Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Moolphate, Saiyud / Shirayama, Yoshihisa / Okamoto, Miyoko / Aung, Myo Nyein / Yuasa, Motoyuki

Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy

2024 Volume 17, Page(s) 1143–1155

Abstract: Background: The prevalence of T2DM is escalating in Thailand affecting over 10% of adults aged 20-79 years old. It is imperative to identify modifiable risk factors that can potentially help mitigate the risk of developing diabetes.: Objective: This ... ...

Abstract	Background: The prevalence of T2DM is escalating in Thailand affecting over 10% of adults aged 20-79 years old. It is imperative to identify modifiable risk factors that can potentially help mitigate the risk of developing diabetes. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the relationship between dietary habits and type 2 diabetes in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Methods: This case-control study involved 300 individuals aged 25-74 years residing in Chiang Mai, Thailand including 150 newly diagnosed T2DM patients (cases) and 150 community residents without diabetes (controls). Dietary habits were assessed based on Food Frequency Questionnaire (FFQ). Socio-demographic characteristics and anthropometric information of the participants were collected. Data analysis was performed using the STATA-17. Results: The case group participants were older and had a higher proportion of males compared to the control group. The case group exhibited a significantly higher consumption of meat, beans, nuts, soft drinks, and topping seasonings (p<0.001), conversely, a lower intake of vegetables (p<0.001), fruits (p=0.006), fish, rice (p<0.001), eggs (p=0.032), milk products, coffee, and tea (p<0.001) compared to the control group. Furthermore, the case group demonstrated a higher level of certain dietary practices such as a greater frequency of having meals with family, not removing visible fat from food (p<0.001), and eating snacks between meals compared to controls. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that after adjusting for potential confounding factors not removing visible fat from food (aOR 5.61, 95% CI: 2.29-13.7, p<0.001) and using topping seasonings (aOR 3.52 95% CI: 1.69-7.32 p=0.001) were significantly associated with the risk of T2DM, whereas daily vegetable intake (aOR 0.32 95% CI: 0.15-0.68 p=0.003) was inversely associated with T2DM. Conclusion: The study findings caution against the consumption of food rich in fat and using salty seasonings, while advocating for an increased intake of vegetables to prevent the prevalence of T2DM.
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-03-06
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494854-8
ISSN	1178-7007
ISSN	1178-7007
DOI	10.2147/DMSO.S445015
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Article ; Online: Prevalence and social determinants of depression: A cross-sectional survey of Myanmar migrant workers in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.

Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Shirayama, Yoshihisa / Moolphate, Saiyud / Lorga, Thaworn / Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri / Yuasa, Motoyuki / Aung, Myo Nyein

Global public health

2024 Volume 19, Issue 1, Page(s) 2334316

Abstract: Background: Depression is a common mental disorder and the sixth leading cause of disability in Thailand. Chiang Mai has historically been a city of attraction for labour migration for Shan migrants from the adjacent Southern Shan State of Myanmar. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Depression is a common mental disorder and the sixth leading cause of disability in Thailand. Chiang Mai has historically been a city of attraction for labour migration for Shan migrants from the adjacent Southern Shan State of Myanmar. Currently, only infectious diseases are screened during the pre-employment period. Prevention and early detection of noncommunicable diseases can improve a healthy workforce and reduce the healthcare burden on the host country. Therefore, we aimed to determine the prevalence of depression and associated factors. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was done among Myanmar migrant adults legally working in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Results: The final analysis included 360 participants and the prevalence of depression was 14.4%. Being female, duration of stay in Thailand of more than 10 years, co-residence with co-workers, and marginalisation pattern of acculturation were significant associated factors affecting depression in a multivariate regression analysis model. Conclusion: Although the culture and dialect were not different between the host and country of origin, Myanmar migrant workers of Shan ethnicity suffered from depression. Our findings highlighted the importance of social determinants beyond common predictors of depression among migrants and the need for public health measures to promote migrants' integration into the host culture.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; Humans ; Female ; Male ; Transients and Migrants ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/epidemiology ; Thailand/epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Myanmar/epidemiology ; Social Determinants of Health
Language	English
Publishing date	2024-04-07
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2234129-8
ISSN	1744-1706 ; 1744-1706
ISSN (online)	1744-1706
ISSN	1744-1706
DOI	10.1080/17441692.2024.2334316
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Article ; Online: Infrastructure collapsed, health care access disrupted, Myanmar people with chronic diseases are in danger.

Chen, Wei-Ti / Shiu, Chengshi / Lee, Franco R / Moolphate, Saiyud / Aung, Myo Nyein

Journal of global health

2023 Volume 13, Page(s) 3002

MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Myanmar ; Health Services Accessibility ; Chronic Disease
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-01-11
Publishing country	Scotland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
ZDB-ID	2741629-X
ISSN	2047-2986 ; 2047-2986
ISSN (online)	2047-2986
ISSN	2047-2986
DOI	10.7189/jogh.13.03002
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Article: Towards Cultural Adequacy of Experience-Based Design: A Qualitative Evaluation of Community-Integrated Intermediary Care to Enhance the Family-Based Long-Term Care for Thai Older Adults.

Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Lorga, Thaworn / Moolphate, Saiyud / Koyanagi, Yuka / Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri / Supakankunti, Siripen / Yuasa, Motoyuki / Aung, Myo Nyein

Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)

2023 Volume 11, Issue 15

Abstract: In this qualitative study, we provided an in-depth understanding of how Community-Integrated Intermediary Care (CIIC), a new service model for family-based long-term care (LTC), was perceived by its users. The CIIC, established in Chiang Mai, Northern ... ...

Abstract	In this qualitative study, we provided an in-depth understanding of how Community-Integrated Intermediary Care (CIIC), a new service model for family-based long-term care (LTC), was perceived by its users. The CIIC, established in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand, consisted of three main interventions: (1) A temporary respite care center; (2) A family-centered care capacity building; (3) Functional training delivered as community group exercise and home exercise to improve healthy ageing for independent older adults. Ten pairs of dependent Thai older adults, their primary family caregivers, and ten village health volunteers were recruited using the purposive sampling method. Data were collected via semistructured in-depth interviews. A thematic descriptive qualitative analysis was used for data analysis. The findings revealed that CIIC helped reduce the burden of family caregivers by providing respite, relief, and care coordination. The experiences of the CIIC users indicated possibilities for service redesign, development, and delivery strategies to better meet the LTC needs of older adults and family caregivers. Following the local stakeholders' commitment and local community health volunteers' network, a well-integrated formal and informal care CIIC model can be implied as an effective and sustainable ageing care service model in Thailand and other Asian countries in the future.
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-07
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2721009-1
ISSN	2227-9032
ISSN	2227-9032
DOI	10.3390/healthcare11152217
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Article ; Online: Caregiver Burden and Associated Factors for the Respite Care Needs among the Family Caregivers of Community Dwelling Senior Citizens in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.

Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Aung, Myo Nyein / Moolphate, Saiyud / Koyanagi, Yuka / Supakankunti, Siripen / Yuasa, Motoyuki

International journal of environmental research and public health

2021 Volume 18, Issue 11

Abstract: Background: Families are the backbone of caregiving for older adults living in communities. This is a tradition common to Thailand and many low- and middle-income countries where formal long-term care services are not so available or accessible. ... ...

Abstract	Background: Families are the backbone of caregiving for older adults living in communities. This is a tradition common to Thailand and many low- and middle-income countries where formal long-term care services are not so available or accessible. Therefore, population aging demands more and more young people engaging as family caregivers. Informal caregiving can become an unexpected duty for anyone anytime. However, studies measuring the burden of informal caregivers are limited. We aimed to determine the caregiver burden, both from the perspective of the caregivers as well as that of their care recipients. Method: We used the baseline survey data from a cluster randomized controlled trial providing a community integrated intermediary care (CIIC) service for seniors in Chiang Mai, Thailand, TCTR20190412004. Study participants were 867 pairs of older adults and their primary family caregivers. Descriptive analysis explored the characteristics of the caregivers and binary logistic regression identified factors influencing the caregivers' burden. Results: The mean age of family caregivers was 55.27 ± 13.7 years and 5.5% indicated the need for respite care with Caregiver Burden Inventory (CBI) scores ≥24. The highest burden was noted in the time-dependence burden domain (25.7%). The significant associated factors affecting CBI ≥24 were as follows: caregivers older than 60 years, being female, current smokers, having diabetes, and caring for seniors with probable depression and moderate to severe dependency. Conclusions: A quarter of caregivers can have their careers disturbed because of the time consumed with caregiving. Policies to assist families and interventions, such as respite service, care capacity building, official leave for caregiving, etc., may reduce the burden of families struggling with informal care chores. Furthermore, caregiver burden measurements can be applied as a screening tool to assess long-term care needs, complementing the dependency assessment. Finally, implementation research is required to determine the effectiveness of respite care services for older people in Thailand.
MeSH term(s)	Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Caregiver Burden ; Caregivers ; Female ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Middle Aged ; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic ; Respite Care ; Thailand
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-05-30
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph18115873
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Article: Determinants of Health-Related Quality of Life Among Community-Dwelling Thai Older Adults in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.

Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Moolphate, Saiyud / Koyanagi, Yuka / Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri / Supakankunti, Siripen / Yuasa, Motoyuki / Aung, Myo Nyein

Risk management and healthcare policy

2022 Volume 15, Page(s) 1761–1774

Abstract: Background: Population aging has been growing worldwide and Thailand has become an aged society with 20% of its population aged 60 and over. Age-related decline in physical and mental health impacts the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of older ... ...

Abstract	Background: Population aging has been growing worldwide and Thailand has become an aged society with 20% of its population aged 60 and over. Age-related decline in physical and mental health impacts the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of older adults. Purpose: We aimed to describe the HRQOL of Thai older adults, residing in the community. Methods: This cross-sectional survey was part of a Community-Integrated Intermediary Care project (CIIC), TCTR20190412004. A total of 1509 participants from an intervention arm of a cluster randomized controlled trial were included. A Thai version of the Euro-Qol questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L) was used to determine the HRQOL and associated sociodemographic background, health behaviors and underlying diseases of a representative sample from Maehia, Chiang Mai, Thailand. SPSS version 24 was used to analyze data via descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression. Results: The mean age of the participants was 69.31±7.10 years, and nearly a quarter (23.8%) was older than 75 years. The mean EQ index score was 0.81±0.23 and older age, lower educational attainment, unemployment, lack of exercise habits, current smokers, having history of a fall in the last 6 months, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, dependency assessed using Barthel's Activity of Daily Living (ADL) Index, and depression using the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) were more likely to represent HRQOL-related problems. Conclusion: Our findings have highlighted the factors affecting the HRQOL of community-dwelling older adults which could be of importance in preparing for active and healthy aging communities. The routine dependency assessment using the ADL index will be useful in estimating the HRQOL of the aging population. Fall prevention programs are also recommended to reduce dependency. Moreover, the association of having diabetes and hyperlipidemia with problems in HRQOL dimensions highlight the need for public health intervention not only to prevent the increasing burden of non-communicable diseases but also to improve the HRQOL of older adults.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-09-20
Publishing country	England
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2495128-6
ISSN	1179-1594
ISSN	1179-1594
DOI	10.2147/RMHP.S370353
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Article ; Online: Effectiveness of a community-integrated intermediary care (CIIC) service model to enhance family-based long-term care for Thai older adults in Chiang Mai, Thailand: a cluster-randomized controlled trial TCTR20190412004.

Aung, Myo Nyein / Moolphate, Saiyud / Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Koyanagi, Yuka / Kurusattra, Akrapon / Chantaraksa, Sutatip / Supakankunti, Siripen / Yuasa, Motoyuki

Health research policy and systems

2022 Volume 20, Issue Suppl 1, Page(s) 110

Abstract: Background: Populations around the world are ageing faster, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries where health and social care are yet to be universal and inclusive for the ageing population. This community-integrated intermediary ...

Abstract	Background: Populations around the world are ageing faster, with the majority living in low- and middle-income countries where health and social care are yet to be universal and inclusive for the ageing population. This community-integrated intermediary care (CIIC) model is a novel prevention-based, long-term care model enhancing the family-based care system traditionally practised in Thailand and neighbouring Asian countries, and many low-and middle-income countries globally. This study assessed the effectiveness of the CIIC model in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Methods: The two-arm parallel intervention study was designed as a cluster-randomized controlled trial. The study population at randomization and analysis was 2788 participants: 1509 in six intervention clusters and 1279 in six control clusters. The research protocol was approved by the WHO Research Ethics Review Committee (WHO/ERC ID; ERC.0003064). The CIIC service intervention model is a combination of formal care and informal care in a subdistrict setting consisting of three components: (1) care prevention delivered as community group exercise and home exercise; (2) care capacity-building of the family caregiver; and (3) community respite service. The primary outcome was family caregivers' burden at 6-month follow-up, and secondary outcome was activities of daily living. Analysis applied the intention-to-treat approach using cluster-level analysis via STATA 16 SE. Results: Baseline characteristics did not differ between the two arms. Loss of follow up was 3.7%. Mean age of the participants was 69.53 years. Women constituted 60%. The COVID-19 pandemic caused delayed implementation. The proportion of families with reduced caregiver burden at 6-month follow-up was higher among the intervention clusters (mean 39.4%) than control clusters (mean 28.62%). The intervention clusters experienced less functional decline and fewer people with depression. Conclusions: When communities are integrated for preventing care, and families are empowered for giving care, it is possible to secure universal access to health and social care for the older persons, with basic resources mobilized from communities. This study had shown the CIIC model as an effective and potential step to the realization of universal health and long-term care coverage being inclusive of ageing populations in Thailand and globally. Trial registration: This trial was registered at the Thailand Clinical Trial Registry-Trial registration number TCTR20190412004, https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/.
MeSH term(s)	Humans ; Female ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Long-Term Care ; Thailand ; Activities of Daily Living ; Pandemics ; COVID-19
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-29
Publishing country	England
Document type	Randomized Controlled Trial ; Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2101196-5
ISSN	1478-4505 ; 1478-4505
ISSN (online)	1478-4505
ISSN	1478-4505
DOI	10.1186/s12961-022-00911-5
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Article: Association Between Physical Activity and Type 2 Diabetes Using the International Physical Activity Questionnaires: A Case-Control Study at a Health Promoting Hospital in Chiang Mai, Northern Thailand.

Sodeno, Miho / Aung, Myo Nyein / Yuasa, Motoyuki / Moolphate, Saiyud / Klinbuayaem, Virat / Srikhamsao, Aranya / Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Sato, Setsuko / Tanigawa, Takeshi

Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy

2022 Volume 15, Page(s) 3655–3667

Abstract: Background: Health education and promotion is active in Thailand where diabetes is prevalent at 11.6% of the general adult population in 2021.: Purpose: This study aimed to describe and compare the levels of physical activity between patients with ... ...

Abstract	Background: Health education and promotion is active in Thailand where diabetes is prevalent at 11.6% of the general adult population in 2021. Purpose: This study aimed to describe and compare the levels of physical activity between patients with newly diagnosed diabetes and non-diabetic controls in northern Thailand. Methods: This observational case-control study included participants aged between 25 and 74 years in Chiang Mai. We recruited 150 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) at Sanpatong District Hospital and 150 control participants (non-T2DM) in the community. Interviews were conducted using the International Physical Activity Questionnaires-Short Form. Anthropometric measurements and social demographic information were collected from both patients and controls in 2019. Results: The mean age of the participants was 58.8 ± 8.4 years in the T2DM group and 56.5 ± 9.9 years in the non-T2DM group. Compared to controls, patients with T2DM had received significantly more physical activity education (P < 0.001, Fisher's test). Most cases (93.3%) had received such education at a hospital or health center. The median total metabolic equivalents (METs) minutes per week (min/week) for participants in the T2DM group were higher than those in the non-T2DM group (2726 vs 1140 METs min/week) (P < 0.001, Mann-Whitney test). Comparing the case and control groups in the category of PA level, we found that the case group had a higher proportion of high-level physical activity (P < 0.001, chi-square test). Conclusion: Diabetes patients attending a community hospital exhibited high levels of physical activity. The majority of them received education related physical activity from a primary health care service.
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-11-23
Publishing country	New Zealand
Document type	Journal Article
ZDB-ID	2494854-8
ISSN	1178-7007
ISSN	1178-7007
DOI	10.2147/DMSO.S382528
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Article ; Online: Prevalence and Risk Factors for Hypertension among Myanmar Migrant Workers in Thailand.

Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Shirayama, Yoshihisa / Moolphate, Saiyud / Lorga, Thaworn / Jamnongprasatporn, Warunyou / Yuasa, Motoyuki / Aung, Myo Nyein

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 6

Abstract: Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are showing an increasing trend worldwide, and the COVID-19 pandemic may interrupt or delay NCD care, the leading cause of mortality in Thailand, which is hosting 2-3 million migrant workers. The transition ... ...

Abstract	Background: Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are showing an increasing trend worldwide, and the COVID-19 pandemic may interrupt or delay NCD care, the leading cause of mortality in Thailand, which is hosting 2-3 million migrant workers. The transition of epidemiological risk factors, limited access to health-promoting activities, and pandemic containment measures may adversely impact NCD risks. Therefore, hypertension and associated risk factors were determined among registered Myanmar migrant workers in Thailand. Methods: A cross-sectional survey with structured questionnaires was conducted in Thailand in 2017. Having hypertension was analyzed as a dependent variable, and the associated risk factors were explored by binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 414 participants with a mean age of 29.45 ± 9.03 years were included, and 27.8 percent of the study participants were hypertensive, which was a rate higher than that in their host country (24.7%) and country of origin (26.4%). An older age, being male, current alcohol drinking, and being overweight and obese with reference to the body mass index (BMI) were significantly associated with hypertension. Conclusions: Our findings reaffirmed the idea that NCDs are important public health concerns, and a simple BMI measurement would be a valuable tool with which to determine hypertension risks. Targeted surveillance and an appropriate health policy are necessary for such a vulnerable population in Thailand.
MeSH term(s)	Adult ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Humans ; Hypertension/epidemiology ; Male ; Myanmar/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Thailand/epidemiology ; Transients and Migrants ; Young Adult
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-03-16
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph19063511
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Article ; Online: Depression and Associated Factors among Community-Dwelling Thai Older Adults in Northern Thailand: The Relationship between History of Fall and Geriatric Depression.

Aung, Thin Nyein Nyein / Moolphate, Saiyud / Koyanagi, Yuka / Angkurawaranon, Chaisiri / Supakankunti, Siripen / Yuasa, Motoyuki / Aung, Myo Nyein

International journal of environmental research and public health

2022 Volume 19, Issue 17

Abstract: Background: Globally, population aging is happening more quickly than in the past, and Thailand ranks the world's number three among the rapidly aging countries. Age-related decline in physical and mental health would impact depression among older ... ...

Abstract	Background: Globally, population aging is happening more quickly than in the past, and Thailand ranks the world's number three among the rapidly aging countries. Age-related decline in physical and mental health would impact depression among older adults. We aimed to determine the depression among the community-dwelling Thai older adults in Chiang Mai, Thailand. Methods: The baseline data, collected by door-to-door household visits of an intervention arm from a cluster randomized controlled trial (Community-Integrated Intermediary Care (CIIC): TCTR20190412004), were included in this cross-sectional study. Descriptive analysis and binary logistic regression were applied. Results: The mean age was 69.31 ± 7.10 years and 23.8% of study participants were older than 75 years. The Thai geriatric depression scale showed 6.5% had depression. Adjusted risk factors for depression were older age, being single, drinking alcohol daily, having diabetes, having experience of a fall last year, self-rated health as neutral, poor/very poor, and moderate/severe dependency by ADL scoring. Conclusion: Our findings highlighted the potentially modifiable risk factors in addition to the common predictors affecting depression among community-dwelling older adults. Fall prevention programs and public health interventions to prevent diabetes are recommended. Furthermore, self-rated health and Barthel's ADL scoring would be simple tools to predict risk factors for geriatric depression.
MeSH term(s)	Aged ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Depression/epidemiology ; Depression/psychology ; Geriatric Assessment ; Humans ; Independent Living ; Middle Aged ; Thailand/epidemiology
Language	English
Publishing date	2022-08-25
Publishing country	Switzerland
Document type	Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial
ZDB-ID	2175195-X
ISSN	1660-4601 ; 1661-7827
ISSN (online)	1660-4601
ISSN	1661-7827
DOI	10.3390/ijerph191710574
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