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  1. AU="Morawe, Christian"
  2. AU=Mussap Michele
  3. AU="Nagarjun, Bolem"
  4. AU="Hagelüken, C."
  5. AU="Kupferman, Tania"
  6. AU="Fumis, R. R. L."
  7. AU="Monge, Ana"
  8. AU="José Miguel Rodríguez González-Moro"
  9. AU="Lopez-Galmiche, Gisela"
  10. AU="Pitsillides, A A"
  11. AU="Huang, Yumeng"
  12. AU="Frankos, V"
  13. AU="Maus, Anthony D." AU="Maus, Anthony D."
  14. AU="Lane, Robin R"
  15. AU="Amankwah, Georgina"
  16. AU=Wang Hai-Yang
  17. AU="M. Hunter Land"
  18. AU="Ferid Murad"
  19. AU="Mulligan, Lisa P"
  20. AU="El Hakim, Joelle"
  21. AU="DeWeerd, Kim A"
  22. AU="Lu, Weigang"
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  24. AU="Samarakoon, Upeka"
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  29. AU="Bhatankar, Swaroop"
  30. AU="van Guldener, Coen"
  31. AU=Zhang Yafei
  32. AU="Wright, J. L."
  33. AU="Sharma, Taruna"
  34. AU="Vigl, Julia"
  35. AU="Jiaqi LIU"
  36. AU=Lauterio Andrea
  37. AU=Simon Nathan
  38. AU="Heyba, Mohammed"
  39. AU="Geno, Connie S"
  40. AU=Hussein Ahmed A.
  41. AU="Ringsten, Martin"

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  1. Book ; Conference proceedings: Advances in x-ray/EUV optics and components IX

    Morawe, Christian

    18 - 20 August 2014, San Diego, California, United States ; [papers presented at the Conference on "Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components IX" ; part of the SPIE 2014 International Symposium on Optics + Photonics]

    (Proceedings of SPIE ; 9207)

    2014  

    Event/congress Conference on Advances in X-Ray/EUV Optics and Components (2014.08.18-20, SanDiegoCalif.) ; SPIE International Symposium on Optics + Photonics (2014.08.17-21, SanDiegoCalif.)
    Author's details sponsored und publ. by SPIE. Christian Morawe ..., ed
    Series title Proceedings of SPIE ; 9207
    Keywords X-ray optics
    Language English
    Size Getr. Zählung, [ca. 300] S., Ill., graph. Darst.
    Publisher SPIE
    Publishing place Bellingham, Wash
    Document type Book ; Conference proceedings
    Note Literaturangaben
    ISBN 9781628412345 ; 1628412348
    Database Library catalogue of the German National Library of Science and Technology (TIB), Hannover

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  2. Article ; Online: X-ray mirrors with sub-nanometre figure errors obtained by differential deposition of thin WSi

    Bras, Patrice / Morawe, Christian / Labouré, Sylvain / Perrin, François / Vivo, Amparo / Barrett, Raymond

    Journal of synchrotron radiation

    2023  Volume 30, Issue Pt 4, Page(s) 708–716

    Abstract: Differential deposition by DC magnetron sputtering was applied to correct for figure errors of X-ray mirrors to be deployed on low-emittance synchrotron beamlines. During the deposition process, the mirrors were moved in front of a beam-defining aperture ...

    Abstract Differential deposition by DC magnetron sputtering was applied to correct for figure errors of X-ray mirrors to be deployed on low-emittance synchrotron beamlines. During the deposition process, the mirrors were moved in front of a beam-defining aperture and the required velocity profile was calculated using a deconvolution algorithm. The surface figure was characterized using conventional off-line visible-light metrology instrumentation (long trace profiler and Fizeau interferometer) before and after the deposition. WSi
    MeSH term(s) X-Rays ; Radiography ; Algorithms ; Synchrotrons
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-05-30
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2021413-3
    ISSN 1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
    ISSN (online) 1600-5775
    ISSN 0909-0495
    DOI 10.1107/S1600577523003697
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Design simulations of a horizontally deflecting high-heat-load monochromator.

    Brumund, Philipp / Reyes-Herrera, Juan / Detlefs, Carsten / Morawe, Christian / Sanchez Del Rio, Manuel / Chumakov, Aleksandr I

    Journal of synchrotron radiation

    2021  Volume 28, Issue Pt 1, Page(s) 91–103

    Abstract: The performance of a liquid-nitrogen-cooled high-heat-load monochromator with a horizontal scattering plane has been analysed, aiming to preserve the high quality of the X-ray beam in the vertical plane for downstream optics. Using finite-element ... ...

    Abstract The performance of a liquid-nitrogen-cooled high-heat-load monochromator with a horizontal scattering plane has been analysed, aiming to preserve the high quality of the X-ray beam in the vertical plane for downstream optics. Using finite-element analysis, height profiles of the crystal surface for various heat loads and the corresponding slope errors in the meridional and sagittal planes were calculated. Then the angular distortions of the reflected beam in both meridional and sagittal planes were calculated analytically and also modelled by ray tracing, revealing a good agreement of the two approaches. The results show that with increasing heat load in the crystal the slope errors of the crystal surface reach their smallest values first in the sagittal and then in the meridional plane. For the considered case of interest at a photon energy of 14.412 keV and the Si(111) reflection with a Bragg angle of 7.88°, the angular distortions of the reflected beam in the sagittal plane are an order of magnitude smaller than in the meridional one. Furthermore, they are smaller than the typical angular size of the beam source at the monochromator position. For a high-heat-load monochromator operating in the horizontal scattering plane, the sagittal angular distortions of the reflected beam appear in the vertical plane. Thus, such an instrument perfectly preserves the high quality of the X-ray beam in the vertical plane for downstream optics. Compared with vertical scattering, the throughput of the monochromatic beam with the horizontal scattering plane is reduced by only 3.3% for the new EBS source, instead of 34.3% for the old ESRF-1 machine. This identifies the horizontal-scattering high-heat-load monochromator as a device essentially free of the heat-load effects in the vertical plane and without significant loss in terms of throughput.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2021413-3
    ISSN 1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
    ISSN (online) 1600-5775
    ISSN 0909-0495
    DOI 10.1107/S1600577520014009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: Thermal optimization of a high-heat-load double-multilayer monochromator.

    Brumund, Philipp / Reyes-Herrera, Juan / Morawe, Christian / Dufrane, Thomas / Isern, Helena / Brochard, Thierry / Sánchez Del Río, Manuel / Detlefs, Carsten

    Journal of synchrotron radiation

    2021  Volume 28, Issue Pt 5, Page(s) 1423–1436

    Abstract: Finite-element analysis is used to study the thermal deformation of a multilayer mirror due to the heat load from the undulator beam at a low-emittance synchrotron source, specifically the ESRF-EBS upgrade beamline EBSL-2. The energy bandwidth of the ... ...

    Abstract Finite-element analysis is used to study the thermal deformation of a multilayer mirror due to the heat load from the undulator beam at a low-emittance synchrotron source, specifically the ESRF-EBS upgrade beamline EBSL-2. The energy bandwidth of the double-multilayer monochromator is larger than that of the relevant undulator harmonic, such that a considerable portion of the heat load is reflected. Consequently, the absorbed power is non-uniformly distributed on the surface. The geometry of the multilayer substrate is optimized to minimize thermally induced slope errors. We distinguish between thermal bending with constant curvature that leads to astigmatic focusing or defocusing and residual slope errors. For the EBSL-2 system with grazing angles θ between 0.2 and 0.4°, meridional and sagittal focal lengths down to 100 m and 2000 m, respectively, are found. Whereas the thermal bending can be tuned by varying the depth of the `smart cut', it is found that the geometry has little effect on the residual slope errors. In both planes they are 0.1-0.25 µrad. In the sagittal direction, however, the effect on the beam is drastically reduced by the `foregiveness factor', sin(θ). Optimization without considering the reflected heat load yields an incorrect depth of the `smart cut'. The resulting meridional curvature in turn leads to parasitic focal lengths of the order of 100 m.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-08-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2021413-3
    ISSN 1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
    ISSN (online) 1600-5775
    ISSN 0909-0495
    DOI 10.1107/S160057752100758X
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: X-ray mirror figure correction by differential deposition and off-line metrology.

    Morawe, Christian / Labouré, Sylvain / Peffen, Jean Christophe / Perrin, François / Vivo, Amparo / Barrett, Raymond

    Journal of synchrotron radiation

    2019  Volume 26, Issue Pt 6, Page(s) 1872–1878

    Abstract: The surface figure error of a hard X-ray mirror was improved by combining differential deposition and off-line metrology tools. Thin Cr layers were deposited on flat substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The substrates were moved in front of a beam- ... ...

    Abstract The surface figure error of a hard X-ray mirror was improved by combining differential deposition and off-line metrology tools. Thin Cr layers were deposited on flat substrates by DC magnetron sputtering. The substrates were moved in front of a beam-defining aperture. The required velocity profile was calculated using a deconvolution algorithm. The Cr thickness profiles were measured directly using hard X-ray reflectivity data. The surface figure was characterized using conventional visible-light metrology instrumentation (long trace profiler) before and after the deposition. The method converges quickly, and after two iterations the mirror surface figure had improved by a factor of 7. The surface roughness evolves with increasing Cr thickness and deteriorates the quality of subsequent multilayer coatings. The mirror curvature can change upon coating, which complicates the interpretation of the surface metrology data. In this context, the role of layer stress is discussed. Potential improvements of the process are also proposed.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2019-10-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2021413-3
    ISSN 1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
    ISSN (online) 1600-5775
    ISSN 0909-0495
    DOI 10.1107/S1600577519012256
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Studying the onset of galvanic steel corrosion

    Garai, Debi / Solokha, Vladyslav / Wilson, Axel / Carlomagno, Ilaria / Gupta, Ajay / Gupta, Mukul / Reddy, V Raghavendra / Meneghini, Carlo / Carla, Francesco / Morawe, Christian / Zegenhagen, Jörg

    Journal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal

    2021  Volume 33, Issue 12

    Abstract: This work reports about a novel approach for investigating surface processes during the early stages of galvanic corrosion of stainless ... ...

    Abstract This work reports about a novel approach for investigating surface processes during the early stages of galvanic corrosion of stainless steel
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-01-08
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1472968-4
    ISSN 1361-648X ; 0953-8984
    ISSN (online) 1361-648X
    ISSN 0953-8984
    DOI 10.1088/1361-648X/abd523
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: Thermal stress prediction in mirror and multilayer coatings.

    Cheng, Xianchao / Zhang, Lin / Morawe, Christian / Sanchez Del Rio, Manuel

    Journal of synchrotron radiation

    2015  Volume 22, Issue 2, Page(s) 317–327

    Abstract: Multilayer optics for X-rays typically consist of hundreds of periods of two types of alternating sub-layers which are coated on a silicon substrate. The thickness of the coating is well below 1 µm (tens or hundreds of nanometers). The high aspect ratio ( ...

    Abstract Multilayer optics for X-rays typically consist of hundreds of periods of two types of alternating sub-layers which are coated on a silicon substrate. The thickness of the coating is well below 1 µm (tens or hundreds of nanometers). The high aspect ratio (∼10(7)) between the size of the optics and the thickness of the multilayer can lead to a huge number of elements (∼10(16)) for the numerical simulation (by finite-element analysis using ANSYS code). In this work, the finite-element model for thermal-structural analysis of multilayer optics has been implemented using the ANSYS layer-functioned elements. The number of meshed elements is considerably reduced and the number of sub-layers feasible for the present computers is increased significantly. Based on this technique, single-layer coated mirrors and multilayer monochromators cooled by water or liquid nitrogen are studied with typical parameters of heat-load, cooling and geometry. The effects of cooling-down of the optics and heating of the X-ray beam are described. It is shown that the influences from the coating on temperature and deformation are negligible. However, large stresses are induced in the layers due to the different thermal expansion coefficients between the layer and the substrate materials, which is the critical issue for the survival of the optics. This is particularly true for the liquid-nitrogen cooling condition. The material properties of thin multilayer films are applied in the simulation to predict the layer thermal stresses with more precision.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2021413-3
    ISSN 1600-5775 ; 0909-0495
    ISSN (online) 1600-5775
    ISSN 0909-0495
    DOI 10.1107/S1600577514026009
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Optimized x-ray multilayer mirrors for single nanometer focusing.

    Osterhoff, Markus / Morawe, Christian / Ferrero, Claudio / Guigay, Jean-Pierre

    Optics letters

    2013  Volume 38, Issue 23, Page(s) 5126–5129

    Abstract: We present numerical simulations optimizing the layer shapes of curved focusing x-ray multilayer mirrors deployed at synchrotron radiation facilities using a wave-optical model. The confocal elliptical shapes of the inner layers are corrected for ... ...

    Abstract We present numerical simulations optimizing the layer shapes of curved focusing x-ray multilayer mirrors deployed at synchrotron radiation facilities using a wave-optical model. The confocal elliptical shapes of the inner layers are corrected for refraction based on the modified Bragg law. Simulated wave amplitudes are further propagated to the focal region, promising nanometer focusing.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-12-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1539-4794
    ISSN (online) 1539-4794
    DOI 10.1364/OL.38.005126
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Wave-optical theory of nanofocusing x-ray multilayer mirrors.

    Osterhoff, Markus / Morawe, Christian / Ferrero, Claudio / Guigay, Jean-Pierre

    Optics letters

    2012  Volume 37, Issue 17, Page(s) 3705–3707

    Abstract: We have derived a wave-optical model of curved nanofocusing x-ray multilayer mirrors used at synchrotron radiation sources, using a Takagi-Taupin-like approach. In a first approximation, the individual layers are assumed to be confocal elliptical. This ... ...

    Abstract We have derived a wave-optical model of curved nanofocusing x-ray multilayer mirrors used at synchrotron radiation sources, using a Takagi-Taupin-like approach. In a first approximation, the individual layers are assumed to be confocal elliptical. This assumption leads to a convenient spatial description in elliptical coordinates. As a first optimization, we study a rotation-like modification and compare numerical simulations to established results for planar multilayers.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-09-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 1539-4794
    ISSN (online) 1539-4794
    DOI 10.1364/OL.37.003705
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Book ; Thesis: Metall/Al2O3-Multilagen als Hochtemperatur-Röntgenspiegel

    Morawe, Christian

    1996  

    Author's details vorgelegt von Christian Morawe
    Language German
    Size 92 S, graph. Darst
    Document type Book ; Thesis
    Thesis / German Habilitation thesis Univ., Diss.--Bochum, 1995
    Database Former special subject collection: coastal and deep sea fishing

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