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  1. Article: Resident gut microbiota community determines the efficacy of soluble fiber in reducing adiposity.

    Shallangwa, Swang M / Ross, Alexander W / Walker, Alan W / Morgan, Peter J

    Frontiers in microbiology

    2024  Volume 15, Page(s) 1392016

    Abstract: Consumption of dietary fiber has been linked to several health benefits. Among these, dietary fiber breakdown through the process of anaerobic fermentation by the colonic microbiota leads to the production of beneficial metabolites, mainly short-chain ... ...

    Abstract Consumption of dietary fiber has been linked to several health benefits. Among these, dietary fiber breakdown through the process of anaerobic fermentation by the colonic microbiota leads to the production of beneficial metabolites, mainly short-chain fatty acids (acetate, propionate, and butyrate), which have been implicated in reduced calorie intake. Nevertheless, the link between gut microbiota and obesity remains unclear. We investigated the effects of dietary fibers on food intake and body weight gain in two independent but similarly designed studies in rats. In the first study, the inclusion of 10% w/w pectin, fructooligosaccharides or beta-glucan (
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-04-30
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2587354-4
    ISSN 1664-302X
    ISSN 1664-302X
    DOI 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1392016
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Book ; Article ; Online: Benchmarking adoption of e-commerce across the G20 members

    Goyal, Tanu M. / Morgan, Peter J.

    2023  

    Abstract: The COVID-19 situation has accelerated the adoption of e-commerce across the world. While, globally, there has been an increase in the share of e-commerce in total retail sales, there are variations in e-commerce adoption across countries and the ... ...

    Abstract The COVID-19 situation has accelerated the adoption of e-commerce across the world. While, globally, there has been an increase in the share of e-commerce in total retail sales, there are variations in e-commerce adoption across countries and the difference is obtrusive when one compares developed countries and emerging market economies. This paper undertakes a comparative assessment of e-commerce adoption by the G20 countries and, in doing so, it benchmarks the G20 members across different indicators that determine e-commerce adoption. Based on secondary data, the paper presents some stylized facts, discusses the regulatory scenario with respect to e-commerce in G20 countries and identifies key constraints to e-commerce adoption in the comparatively poor performers. It is found that, overall, most emerging market economies are not very well prepared to support e-commerce adoption. Rather, compared to the developed countries, emerging market economies perform poorly on indicators related to access and use of digital technology, financial inclusion, postal reliability, and electronic security. The paper found that the emerging market economies are severely affected by inadequate infrastructure, digital illiteracy, and low use of digital payments by enterprises. Whereas there is no dearth of regulations on e-commerce business, nevertheless a uniform approach for regulating e-commerce operations is missing in the case of some countries. Moreover, different countries have different positions with respect to data privacy and protection. The paper recommends that G20 members should work together to bridge the adoption gap, enhance micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) participation in e-commerce through enhanced financial assistance, build cooperation for adopting common standards, and encourage countries to adopt national policies with the vision to promote e-commerce.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; F02 ; F42 ; F53 ; G53 ; L81 ; MSME ; G20 ; digital ; e-commerce
    Subject code 300 ; 338
    Language English
    Publisher Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  3. Article ; Online: Financial literacy, behavioral traits, and ePayment adoption and usage in Japan.

    Long, Trinh Quang / Morgan, Peter J / Yoshino, Naoyuki

    Financial innovation

    2023  Volume 9, Issue 1, Page(s) 101

    Abstract: This study investigates how financial literacy and behavioral traits affect the adoption of electronic payment (ePayment) services in Japan. We construct a financial literacy index using a representative sample of 25,000 individuals from the Bank of ... ...

    Abstract This study investigates how financial literacy and behavioral traits affect the adoption of electronic payment (ePayment) services in Japan. We construct a financial literacy index using a representative sample of 25,000 individuals from the Bank of Japan's 2019 Financial Literacy Survey. We then analyze the relationship between this index and the extensive and intensive usage of two types of payment services: electronic money (e-money) and mobile payment apps. Using an instrumental variable approach, we find that higher financial literacy is positively associated with a higher likelihood of adopting ePayment services. The empirical results suggest that individuals with higher financial literacy use payment services more frequently. We also find that risk-averse people are less likely to adopt and use ePayment services, whereas people with herd behavior tend to adopt and use ePayment services more. Our empirical results also suggest that the effects of financial literacy on the adoption and use of ePayment differ among people with different behavioral traits.
    Supplementary information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40854-023-00504-3.
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-11
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2824759-0
    ISSN 2199-4730 ; 2199-4730
    ISSN (online) 2199-4730
    ISSN 2199-4730
    DOI 10.1186/s40854-023-00504-3
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Book: Financial inclusion, regulation, and education

    Morgan, Peter J / Yoshino, Naoyuki

    Asian perspectives

    2017  

    Author's details edited by Naoyuki Yoshino and Peter J. Morgan
    Keywords Niedrigeinkommen ; Wirtschaftliche Integration ; Volkswirtschaft ; Klein- und Mittelbetrieb ; Finanzsektor ; Wirtschaftspolitik ; KMU ; Finanzielle Inklusion ; Finanzwissen ; Asien ; Deutschland ; Großbritannien
    Language English
    Size xv, 332 Seiten, Illustrationen, 23 cm
    Document type Book
    Note Enthält 9 Beiträge
    ISBN 9784899740636 ; 9784899740643 ; 4899740638 ; 4899740646
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  5. Book: Central and local government relations in Asia

    Morgan, Peter J / Yoshino, Naoyuki

    achieving fiscal sustainability

    (ADBI series on Asian economic integration and cooperation)

    2017  

    Institution Asian Development Bank Institute
    Author's details edited by Naoyuki Yoshino, Peter J. Morgan
    Series title ADBI series on Asian economic integration and cooperation
    Keywords Öffentlicher Sektor ; Finanzpolitik ; Nachhaltige Entwicklung ; Kommunalverwaltung ; Finanzbeziehungen ; Regulierung ; China ; Asien
    Language English
    Size xiv, 427 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Document type Book
    Note Enthält 12 Beiträge
    ISBN 9781786436863 ; 9781786436870 ; 1786436868 ; 1786436876
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  6. Book ; Article ; Online: Impacts of Covid-19 on households in ASEAN countries and their implications for human capital development

    Morgan, Peter J. / Long Quang Trinh / Kim, Kunhyui

    Medium-run impacts and the role of government support

    2022  

    Abstract: The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus and the resulting falls in demand due both to uncertainty and policy interventions such as lockdowns, "social distancing," and travel restrictions are having a severe impact on Asian economies and hence on Asian ... ...

    Abstract The outbreak of the COVID-19 virus and the resulting falls in demand due both to uncertainty and policy interventions such as lockdowns, "social distancing," and travel restrictions are having a severe impact on Asian economies and hence on Asian households. These negative impacts come through a variety of channels, including loss of employment or reduced working hours, loss of sales and income of a household business, inability to travel to work, an increased need to stay at home to look after children or sick household members, higher prices and/or lack of availability of staple items, reduced access to schooling, etc. At the same time, governments implemented aid programs to support households and businesses. In order to better understand these impacts, we carried out computer-assisted telephone interviews of households in seven ADB developing member countries: Cambodia, the Lao People's Democratic Republic, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam. Two waves of the survey were conducted: the first from the end of May to the end of July 2020 and the second from the end of January to February 2021. The following factors contributed to declines in income and expenditure and the experience of financial difficulty: being in a lower-income group, lower education of household head, female household head, having at least one person who lost their job, and being located in a lockdown area. The receipt of government aid did not vary much by income class, but the amount relative to pre-pandemic income was much higher for lower-income groups. Nonetheless, we could not find positive effects of the receipt of government aid on household income or expenditure. One of the most striking findings is that 60% of households experienced financial difficulties during the first-wave period, and this ratio actually increased to 78% in the second-wave period. This suggests that the prolonged nature of the pandemic has put increasing strains on household finances, even though incomes have stabilized somewhat. Only ...
    Keywords ddc:330 ; D14 ; G51 ; H12 ; H84 ; I10 ; I24 ; J6 ; COVID-19 ; ASEAN ; household income ; employment ; consumption ; household finance ; government aid
    Subject code 338
    Language English
    Publisher Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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  7. Book: Special issue: China's growth potential in the medium and long run

    Morgan, Peter J / Wan, Guanghua

    (China & world economy ; volume 24, number 5, September-October 2016)

    2016  

    Author's details Guest editors: Guanghua Wan; Peter J. Morgan
    Series title China & world economy ; volume 24, number 5, September-October 2016
    Language English
    Dates of publication 2016-9999
    Size 146 Seiten, Illustrationen
    Publisher Wiley-Blackwell
    Publishing place Oxford
    Document type Book
    Note Enthält 6 Beiträge
    Database ECONomics Information System

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  8. Article ; Online: Control by the brain of vitamin A homeostasis.

    Imoesi, Peter I / Olarte-Sánchez, Cristian M / Croce, Lorenzo / Blaner, William S / Morgan, Peter J / Heisler, Lora / McCaffery, Peter

    iScience

    2023  Volume 26, Issue 8, Page(s) 107373

    Abstract: Vitamin A is a micronutrient essential for vertebrate animals maintained in homeostatic balance in the body; however, little is known about the control of this balance. This study investigated whether the hypothalamus, a key integrative brain region, ... ...

    Abstract Vitamin A is a micronutrient essential for vertebrate animals maintained in homeostatic balance in the body; however, little is known about the control of this balance. This study investigated whether the hypothalamus, a key integrative brain region, regulates vitamin A levels in the liver and circulation. Vitamin A in the form of retinol or retinoic acid was stereotactically injected into the 3
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-13
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ISSN 2589-0042
    ISSN (online) 2589-0042
    DOI 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107373
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Back to the future: the changing frontiers of nutrition research and its relationship to policy.

    Morgan, Peter J

    The Proceedings of the Nutrition Society

    2012  Volume 71, Issue 1, Page(s) 190–197

    Abstract: Seventy years have elapsed since the Nutrition Society was founded and John Boyd Orr became its first Chairman. Over the intervening period, nutrition research has embraced and responded to a wide variety of challenges as the requirements of research ... ...

    Abstract Seventy years have elapsed since the Nutrition Society was founded and John Boyd Orr became its first Chairman. Over the intervening period, nutrition research has embraced and responded to a wide variety of challenges as the requirements of research have evolved and changed. This paper reflects on some of the major challenges that have influenced nutrition research over the past 70 years and considers where nutrition stands today along with the challenges for the future. In the past, these challenges have included food security and improvements in animal nutrition to enhance production through problems of overnutrition, such as CVD and obesity, as well as the recognition of the importance of early-life nutrition. The challenges for the future include how to translate the increasingly comprehensive and complex understanding of the relationship between nutrition and health, being gained as a result of the genomic revolution, into simple and accessible policy advice. It also includes how we learn more about the ways in which diet can help in the prevention of obesity as well as the ways in which we prevent the rise in complex diseases in emerging nations as they undergo nutritional transition. From this, it is clear that nutrition research has moved a long way from its initial focus on nutritional deficiencies to a subject, which is at the heart of public health consideration. This evolution of nutrition research means that today diet and health are high on the political agenda and that nutrition remains a priority area for research. It has been 70 years since 1941 when the Nutrition Society was established, under its first Chairman, John Boyd Orr. At that time there were many who believed that nutrition research had reached its peak and there was little left to discover. This view stemmed from the fact that most vitamins and minerals had been discovered and that the syndromes associated with nutritional deficiencies in these were largely known. Despite this gloomy prognosis, the intervening 70 years have witnessed a remarkable evolution in nutrition research, which has underpinned key Government policies, ranging from food security right through to public health. This review considers some major developments that have helped to shape nutrition research over the past 70 years and in so doing have changed its frontiers.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Biomedical Research/history ; Diet/history ; History, 20th Century ; History, 21st Century ; Humans ; Nutrition Policy/history ; Nutritional Sciences/history ; Nutritional Sciences/trends ; Obesity/prevention & control
    Language English
    Publishing date 2012-02
    Publishing country England
    Document type Historical Article ; Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't ; Review
    ZDB-ID 391142-1
    ISSN 1475-2719 ; 0029-6651
    ISSN (online) 1475-2719
    ISSN 0029-6651
    DOI 10.1017/S0029665111003314
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    In stock of ZB MED Cologne/Königswinter

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    bis Jg. 2021: Bestellungen von Artikeln über das Online-Bestellformular
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  10. Book ; Article ; Online: Productivity and employment in APAC economies

    Di Mauro, Filippo / Hoang, Minh Duy / Morgan, Peter J.

    A comparison with the EU using firm-level information

    2021  

    Abstract: This paper provides an overview of productivity development and other related indicators in Asian-Pacific (APAC) countries, with comparisons with the Europe region. We use the seventh vintage firm-level data from the Productivity Research Network in the ... ...

    Abstract This paper provides an overview of productivity development and other related indicators in Asian-Pacific (APAC) countries, with comparisons with the Europe region. We use the seventh vintage firm-level data from the Productivity Research Network in the APAC region and CompNet in Europe for our study. The overall results show that the productivity growth in developed APAC countries (Australia, New Zealand, and the Republic of Korea) is significantly ahead of the growth in developing APAC countries (India and the People's Republic of China) and on par with the EU's growth. There is an ongoing process of bottom firms catching up with top firms in the Republic of Korea and the richest EU countries. Regarding employment and labor skills, employment growth has generally been quite stagnant in all regions. Labor skills, for which we use the wage premium as a proxy, are quite similar across most regions, with the richest EU countries showing a higher premium than the rest. Our test of the productivity−employment link indicates that the size of employment tends to have a greater impact on productivity in APAC countries, while labor skills have greater emphasis in the EU.
    Keywords ddc:330 ; D24 ; E24 ; J21 ; J24 ; P52 ; productivity ; firm-level ; employment ; labor costs ; labor skills ; wage premium ; TFP dispersion ; firm concentration ; financial constraint
    Subject code 331
    Language English
    Publisher Tokyo: Asian Development Bank Institute (ADBI)
    Publishing country de
    Document type Book ; Article ; Online
    Database BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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