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  1. Article: Brain and/or Spinal Cord Tumors Accompanied with Other Diseases or Syndromes.

    Capitanio, Jody Filippo / Mortini, Pietro

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2023  Volume 1405, Page(s) 645–672

    Abstract: Several medical conditions that interest both the brain and the spinal cord have been described throughout the history of medicine. Formerly grouped under the term Phacomatosis because lesions of the eye were frequently encountered or genodermatosis when ...

    Abstract Several medical conditions that interest both the brain and the spinal cord have been described throughout the history of medicine. Formerly grouped under the term Phacomatosis because lesions of the eye were frequently encountered or genodermatosis when typical skin lesions were present, these terms have been progressively discarded. Although originally reported centuries ago, they still represent a challenge for their complexity of cure. Nowadays, with the introduction of advanced genetics and the consequent opportunity of whole-genome sequencing, new single cancer susceptibility genes have been identified or better characterized; although there is evidence that the predisposition to a few specific tumor syndromes should be accounted to a group of mutations in different genes while certain syndromes appeared to be manifestations of different mutations in the same gene adding supplementary problems in their characterization and establishing the diagnosis. Noteworthy, many syndromes have been genetically determined and well-characterized, accordingly in the near future, we expect that new targeted therapies will be available for the definitive cure of these syndromes and other gliomas (Pour-Rashidi et al. in World Neurosurgery, 2021). The most common CNS syndromes that will be discussed in this chapter include neurofibromatosis (NF) types 1 and 2, von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease, and tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), as well as syndromes having mostly extra-neural manifestations such as Cowden, Li-Fraumeni, Turcot, and Gorlin syndromes.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; von Hippel-Lindau Disease ; Brain Neoplasms/pathology ; Tuberous Sclerosis ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Brain/pathology ; Spinal Cord Neoplasms/genetics
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410187-X
    ISSN 0065-2598
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-23705-8_25
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: The Dark Side of Chiari Malformation.

    Spina, Alfio / Mortini, Pietro

    World neurosurgery

    2023  Volume 172, Page(s) 43–45

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation/diagnostic imaging ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-04
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2534351-8
    ISSN 1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
    ISSN (online) 1878-8769
    ISSN 1878-8750
    DOI 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.01.112
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding "The Dark Side of Chiari Malformation".

    Spina, Alfio / Mortini, Pietro

    World neurosurgery

    2023  Volume 178, Page(s) 281

    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Arnold-Chiari Malformation/surgery ; Decompression, Surgical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-08-11
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2534351-8
    ISSN 1878-8769 ; 1878-8750
    ISSN (online) 1878-8769
    ISSN 1878-8750
    DOI 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.08.022
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article: Other Less Prevalent Tumors of the Central Nervous System.

    Capitanio, Jody Filippo / Mortini, Pietro

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2022  Volume 1405, Page(s) 607–643

    Abstract: The presented tumors in this chapter are somewhat very rare, and their management is still debated due to the scarcity of information about their cell of origin, behavior, and biology. Treatment options are still limited, but we are confident that in the ...

    Abstract The presented tumors in this chapter are somewhat very rare, and their management is still debated due to the scarcity of information about their cell of origin, behavior, and biology. Treatment options are still limited, but we are confident that in the near future by discovering the genetic and biological mechanisms that drive tumor growth we will be able to offer new target therapies that should be flanked by surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapeutic agents actually in use. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the most important known characteristics of these tumors offering the chance to recognize the disease and then offer the best opportunity for treatment to patients. The 5th WHO Classification Central Nervous System features substantial changes by moving further to advance the role of molecular diagnostics in CNS tumor classification, but remaining rooted in other established approaches to tumor characterization, including histology and immunohistochemistry, and probably, the category of many tumors will change. Here, the most important characteristics of each neoplasm are summarized focusing on genetic mechanisms and molecular pathways, their histopathologic footprints, signs and symptoms, radiologic features, therapeutic approaches, and prognosis as well as follow-up protocols. Schematic classifications are also presented to offer a better understanding of the pathology.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/diagnosis ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/genetics ; Central Nervous System Neoplasms/therapy ; Central Nervous System
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410187-X
    ISSN 0065-2598
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-23705-8_24
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Craniopharyngiomas: a life-changing tumor.

    Mortini, Pietro

    Endocrine

    2016  Volume 57, Issue 2, Page(s) 191–192

    MeSH term(s) Behavior ; Craniopharyngioma/complications ; Craniopharyngioma/psychology ; Craniopharyngioma/surgery ; Humans ; Hypothalamic Diseases/etiology ; Hypothalamic Neoplasms/complications ; Hypothalamic Neoplasms/psychology ; Hypothalamic Neoplasms/surgery ; Pituitary Hormones, Anterior/deficiency ; Pituitary Neoplasms/complications ; Pituitary Neoplasms/psychology ; Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery
    Chemical Substances Pituitary Hormones, Anterior
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-12-16
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Editorial
    ZDB-ID 1194484-5
    ISSN 1559-0100 ; 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
    ISSN (online) 1559-0100
    ISSN 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
    DOI 10.1007/s12020-016-1192-2
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: Gamma Knife radiosurgery for central neurocytoma: a quantitative systematic review and metanalysis.

    Spina, Alfio / Garbin, Enrico / Albano, Luigi / Bisoglio, Andrea / Boari, Nicola / Mortini, Pietro

    Neurosurgical review

    2024  Volume 47, Issue 1, Page(s) 64

    Abstract: Central neurocytomas (CN) are rare tumors within the central nervous system. Originating from the septum pellucidum and subependymal cells, they are typically found in the third and lateral ventricles. For this reason, they may lead to hydrocephalus and ... ...

    Abstract Central neurocytomas (CN) are rare tumors within the central nervous system. Originating from the septum pellucidum and subependymal cells, they are typically found in the third and lateral ventricles. For this reason, they may lead to hydrocephalus and increased intracranial pressure. CNs are generally benign lesions that exhibit locally aggressive behavior and a high recurrence rate. Complete surgical resection is the preferred treatment; however, due to their anatomical location, this is often not feasible. Based on these findings, Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) has been introduced for managing both residual and recurrent tumors and as an initial therapy in selected cases. This study aimed to systematically review the available knowledge regarding GKRS for CN. A systematic investigation of the scientific literature was undertaken through an exhaustive search across prominent databases, including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar, by employing precise MeSH terms such as "Central neurocytoma," "Radiosurgery," "Gamma Knife," and "Stereotactic Radiosurgery." A comprehensive quantitative systematic review and meta-analysis were meticulously conducted, focusing on cases of CN treated with GKRS for a thorough evaluation of outcomes and efficacy. Seventeen articles, including 289 patients, met the inclusion criteria. Random effects meta-analysis estimates for disease control and local tumor control were 90% (95% CI 87-93%; I2 = 0%, p < 0.74) and 94% (95% CI 92-97%; I2 = 0%, p < 0.98), respectively. When considering only studies with at least 5 years of follow-up, progression-free survival was 89% (95% CI 85-94%; I2 = 0.03%, p < 0.74). The mean clinical control rate was 96%. This systematic review and meta-analysis confirmed the safety and efficacy of GKRS in managing CN.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Radiosurgery ; Neurocytoma ; Central Nervous System ; Databases, Factual ; Hydrocephalus
    Language English
    Publishing date 2024-01-24
    Publishing country Germany
    Document type Meta-Analysis ; Systematic Review ; Journal Article ; Review
    ZDB-ID 6907-3
    ISSN 1437-2320 ; 0344-5607
    ISSN (online) 1437-2320
    ISSN 0344-5607
    DOI 10.1007/s10143-024-02301-7
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The coming of age of liquid biopsy in neuro-oncology.

    Berzero, Giulia / Pieri, Valentina / Mortini, Pietro / Filippi, Massimo / Finocchiaro, Gaetano

    Brain : a journal of neurology

    2023  Volume 146, Issue 10, Page(s) 4015–4024

    Abstract: The clinical role of liquid biopsy in oncology is growing significantly. In gliomas and other brain tumours, targeted sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from CSF may help differential diagnosis when surgery is not recommended and be more representative ... ...

    Abstract The clinical role of liquid biopsy in oncology is growing significantly. In gliomas and other brain tumours, targeted sequencing of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) from CSF may help differential diagnosis when surgery is not recommended and be more representative of tumour heterogeneity than surgical specimens, unveiling targetable genetic alterations. Given the invasive nature of lumbar puncture to obtain CSF, the quantitative analysis of cfDNA in plasma is a lively option for patient follow-up. Confounding factors may be represented by cfDNA variations due to concomitant pathologies (inflammatory diseases, seizures) or clonal haematopoiesis. Pilot studies suggest that methylome analysis of cfDNA from plasma and temporary opening of the blood-brain barrier by ultrasound have the potential to overcome some of these limitations. Together with this, an increased understanding of mechanisms modulating the shedding of cfDNA by the tumour may help to decrypt the meaning of cfDNA kinetics in blood or CSF.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Liquid Biopsy ; Cell-Free Nucleic Acids/genetics ; Mutation/genetics ; Brain Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Brain Neoplasms/genetics
    Chemical Substances Cell-Free Nucleic Acids
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-06-05
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 80072-7
    ISSN 1460-2156 ; 0006-8950
    ISSN (online) 1460-2156
    ISSN 0006-8950
    DOI 10.1093/brain/awad195
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: Letter to the Editor. Management of residual nonfunctioning pituitary adenoma: watchful waiting or adjuvant treatment?

    Albano, Luigi / Losa, Marco / Barzaghi, Lina Raffaella / Mortini, Pietro

    Journal of neurosurgery

    2023  , Page(s) 1–2

    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-02-10
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 3089-2
    ISSN 1933-0693 ; 0022-3085
    ISSN (online) 1933-0693
    ISSN 0022-3085
    DOI 10.3171/2023.1.JNS2312
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article: Benign and Malignant Tumors of the Pituitary Gland.

    Albano, Luigi / Losa, Marco / Barzaghi, Lina Raffaella / Mortini, Pietro

    Advances in experimental medicine and biology

    2023  Volume 1405, Page(s) 281–297

    Abstract: Pituitary gland tumors represent approximately 10-15% of all brain tumors and the most common neoplasms of the sellar region. Among them, pituitary adenomas are the widespread accounting for more than 80%. Recently, the fourth edition of the World Health ...

    Abstract Pituitary gland tumors represent approximately 10-15% of all brain tumors and the most common neoplasms of the sellar region. Among them, pituitary adenomas are the widespread accounting for more than 80%. Recently, the fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) 2017 classified pituitary tumors focusing on histopathologic and molecular genetics features and introduced new entities like pituitary blastoma. Most of pituitary gland neoplasms occur sporadically, whereas 5% are related to familial syndromes. They present with several clinical manifestations including signs and symptoms related to excessive hormone secretion by the tumor, signs of hormone deficits by the normal pituitary gland and others commonly secondary to mass effects, and compression of nearby structures such as the optic chiasm; headache and visual disturbance are the most frequent mass effect symptoms. Some tumors, however, are detected as an incidental finding on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or computed tomography (CT) scans performed for some other reasons. A correct evaluation involves the assessment of hypothalamic-pituitary hormonal function and an ophthalmological examination once a pituitary lesion is encountered. Surgery, more specifically transsphenoidal approach, represents the primary treatment chosen for the majority of pituitary tumors (except for prolactinomas where medical treatment is indicated) allowing for pathologic analysis and complete or partial tumor removal. On the contrary, to date, craniotomy is rarely performed. Sometimes, due to the proximity of critical structures and to tumor's location and characteristics, a successful surgical procedure may often not be achievable due to the high risks related to the procedure itself. Therefore, the treatment of pituitary tumors commonly requires a multimodal approach, including surgery, radiosurgery, radiation therapy, and medical therapy. Aggressive pituitary tumors or carcinomas are associated with poor prognosis due to limited therapeutic options. Furthermore, they tend to recur quickly after initial surgical treatment or present metastasis, may be unresponsive to therapy, and are difficult to manage. In this chapter, we provide an overview of the most common pituitary gland tumors focusing on epidemiology, new pathological features, diagnosis, available treatment, and prognosis.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging ; Pituitary Neoplasms/genetics ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Pituitary Gland/pathology ; Adenoma/diagnosis ; Adenoma/pathology ; Adenoma/surgery ; Hormones ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
    Chemical Substances Hormones
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-07-15
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 410187-X
    ISSN 0065-2598
    ISSN 0065-2598
    DOI 10.1007/978-3-031-23705-8_10
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  10. Article ; Online: Cons: endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal pituitary surgery is not superior to microscopic transsphenoidal surgery for pituitary adenomas.

    Mortini, Pietro

    Endocrine

    2014  Volume 47, Issue 2, Page(s) 415–420

    Abstract: The introduction of the endoscope to transsphenoidal pituitary surgery is not new and it has been abandoned in the past. Now, after some technological advances has been proposed again as an advancement in this field. However, there is still a debate on ... ...

    Abstract The introduction of the endoscope to transsphenoidal pituitary surgery is not new and it has been abandoned in the past. Now, after some technological advances has been proposed again as an advancement in this field. However, there is still a debate on this topic and some authors consider endoscopic surgery a form of developing surgery in an evolution step. The use of the endoscope to visualize the sella has been suggested to offer a better visualization as well as an improved range of motion compared to the operating microscope. However, the real advantage in terms of efficacy and safety is still matter of debate. The conversion to microsurgery has been reported in a significant number of cases, particularly in recurrences, where the difficulties of reoperation require more skill. There is evidence in recent studies that the endonasal and bleeding complications are significantly higher in endoscopic approaches than in microscopic ones. In particular, patient discomfort, smell, and taste impairment are higher with the endoscopic method compared with microscopic approaches. At present pure endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery is not a cost effective technology. In fact, the operative time is longer than in microscopic approaches and the number of surgeons required for the procedure is usually double compared to microscopic approaches. This paper will outline on the basis of the data available in literature the reasons why, at present, the pure endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal surgery should not be yet considered the standard technique for transsphenoidal surgery in patients with pituitary adenomas.
    MeSH term(s) Adenoma/surgery ; Humans ; Microsurgery/methods ; Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery/methods ; Neurosurgical Procedures/methods ; Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery ; Sphenoid Sinus/surgery ; Treatment Outcome
    Language English
    Publishing date 2014-08-01
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 1194484-5
    ISSN 1559-0100 ; 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
    ISSN (online) 1559-0100
    ISSN 1355-008X ; 0969-711X
    DOI 10.1007/s12020-014-0365-0
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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