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  1. Article ; Online: Eukaryotic Initiation Factor 2α Kinases Regulate Virulence Functions, Stage Conversion, and the Stress Response in Entamoeba invadens.

    Walters, Heather A / Welter, Brenda H / Moss, Harrison C / Villano, Martha A / Orobio-Hurtado, Ronny / Sullivan, William J / Temesvari, Lesly A

    mSphere

    2022  Volume 7, Issue 3, Page(s) e0013122

    Abstract: Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes amoebic dysentery and liver abscess. This pathogen possesses a two-stage life cycle consisting of an environmentally stable cyst and a pathogenic amoeboid trophozoite. Since infection is acquired ... ...

    Abstract Entamoeba histolytica is a protozoan parasite that causes amoebic dysentery and liver abscess. This pathogen possesses a two-stage life cycle consisting of an environmentally stable cyst and a pathogenic amoeboid trophozoite. Since infection is acquired by ingestion of cysts from contaminated food and water, this parasite is prevalent in underdeveloped countries. A reptilian pathogen, Entamoeba invadens, which can encyst in culture, has long served as a surrogate to study stage conversion. In the host,
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Cysts ; Entamoeba/genetics ; Entamoeba histolytica/genetics ; Humans ; Life Cycle Stages ; Mammals ; Virulence ; Water ; eIF-2 Kinase
    Chemical Substances Water (059QF0KO0R) ; eIF-2 Kinase (EC 2.7.11.1)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-05-31
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ISSN 2379-5042
    ISSN (online) 2379-5042
    DOI 10.1128/msphere.00131-22
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: Polystyrene microplastics induce an immunometabolic active state in macrophages.

    Merkley, Seth D / Moss, Harrison C / Goodfellow, Samuel M / Ling, Christina L / Meyer-Hagen, Jewel L / Weaver, John / Campen, Matthew J / Castillo, Eliseo F

    Cell biology and toxicology

    2021  Volume 38, Issue 1, Page(s) 31–41

    Abstract: Anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses in macrophages are influenced by cellular metabolism. Macrophages are the primary phagocyte in mucosal environments (i.e., intestinal tract and lungs) acting as first-line defense against microorganisms and ...

    Abstract Anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory responses in macrophages are influenced by cellular metabolism. Macrophages are the primary phagocyte in mucosal environments (i.e., intestinal tract and lungs) acting as first-line defense against microorganisms and environmental pollutants. Given the extensive contamination of our food and water sources with microplastics, we aimed to examine the metabolic response in macrophages to microplastic particles (MPs). Utilizing murine macrophages, we assessed the metabolic response of macrophages after polystyrene MP phagocytosis. The phagocytosis of MP by macrophages induced a metabolic shift toward glycolysis and a reduction in mitochondrial respiration that was associated with an increase of cell surface markers CD80 and CD86 and cytokine gene expression associated with glycolysis. The gastrointestinal consequences of this metabolic switch in the context of an immune response remain uncertain, but the global rise of plastic pollution and MP ingestion potentially poses an unappreciated health risk. Macrophage phagocytosis of microplastics alters cellular metabolism. - Macrophages cannot degrade PS MP. - MP phagocytosis increases glycolysis in murine macrophages. - MP phagocytosis reduces mitochondrial respiration in murine macrophages.
    MeSH term(s) Animals ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Macrophages/chemistry ; Mice ; Microplastics/toxicity ; Plastics ; Polystyrenes/toxicity ; Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysis
    Chemical Substances Microplastics ; Plastics ; Polystyrenes ; Water Pollutants, Chemical
    Language English
    Publishing date 2021-05-22
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 48824-0
    ISSN 1573-6822 ; 0742-2091
    ISSN (online) 1573-6822
    ISSN 0742-2091
    DOI 10.1007/s10565-021-09616-x
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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