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Article ; Online: Mitochondrial COI based molecular identification of harvester termite, Anacanthotermes ochraceus (Burmeister, 1839) in Riyadh Region, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

Mureed Husain / Khawaja G. Rasool / Mostafa R. Sharaf / Muhammad Tufail / Koko D. Sutanto / Waleed S. Al-Waneen / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood

Journal of King Saud University: Science, Vol 35, Iss 6, Pp 102782- (2023)

2023

Abstract: Objective: Termites are well known for being the most destructive pests of household commodities as well as agricultural crops around the globe. The termite fauna (Isoptera) has about 2650 described species worldwide. Several species are the pests of ... ...

Abstract	Objective: Termites are well known for being the most destructive pests of household commodities as well as agricultural crops around the globe. The termite fauna (Isoptera) has about 2650 described species worldwide. Several species are the pests of crops and cause damage to wood structures. Methods: In the present study, 29 specimens of termites collected from different localities of the Riyadh region were identified using mitochondrial gene cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequence. COI gene was PCR amplified using universal primers (LCO 1490 and HCO 2198). MEGA7 software was used for phylogenetic tree construction which showed that all 29 specimens grouped together in a single clade indicated close relatedness of all specimens. Results: All the obtained sequences were submitted into Genbank database and accession numbers were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis showed that all specimens of present research grouped together into a single monophyletic clade, were confirmed to be highly closely related to one another, and proved to be members of the same species. Pairwise nucleotide sequence divergence analysis showed that there was less divergence among all specimens ranging from 0% to 7.8%. Sequence analysis revealed the confirmed precise identification of 29 samples of Anacanthotermes ochraceus with COI barcode analysis. Conclusions: Molecular data analysis has confirmed morphological identification of all 29 studied samples of A. ochraceus. However, this technology offers strong support for identification of cryptic species which are difficult to identify on the basis of morphological features. Further studies of complete mitogenome can be helpful for accurate identification of termites at species level.
Keywords	Isoptera ; Blattodea ; DNA barcoding ; Anacanthotermes ochraceus ; Riyadh ; Science (General) ; Q1-390
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2023-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Review of the ant genus Meranoplus Smith, 1853 (Hymenoptera

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood

PeerJ, Vol 7, p e

Formicidae) in the Arabian Peninsula with description of a new species M. mosalahi sp. n. from Oman

2019 Volume 6287

Abstract: The species of Meranoplus Smith, 1853 of the Arabian Peninsula are reviewed based on the worker caste. Two species are recognized, keyed, and illustrated by Scanning Electron Microscope images (SEM), Meranoplus mosalahi and M. pulcher, Sharaf, 2014. ... ...

Abstract	The species of Meranoplus Smith, 1853 of the Arabian Peninsula are reviewed based on the worker caste. Two species are recognized, keyed, and illustrated by Scanning Electron Microscope images (SEM), Meranoplus mosalahi and M. pulcher, Sharaf, 2014. Meranoplus mosalahi sp. n. is described from the Dhofar Governorate, Oman based on the worker caste. The new species belongs to the M. magrettii-group and closely resembles M. pulcher Sharaf, 2014 from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), from which it can be distinguished by the bicolored body, the shallowly concave anterior clypeal margin, the absence of well-developed anterior clypeal teeth, the fewer irregular longitudinal cephalic rugae, and the feeble longitudinal rugae on posterior face of petiolar node.
Keywords	Middle East ; Aberrant worker ; Zoogeography ; Endemic ; Key ; Review ; Medicine ; R ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-01-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	PeerJ Inc.
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Taxonomy and distribution of termite fauna (Isoptera) in Riyadh Province, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, with an updated list of termite species on the Arabian Peninsula

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Mureed Husain / Khawaja Ghulam Rasool / Muhammad Tufail / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood

Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences, Vol 28, Iss 12, Pp 6795-

2021 Volume 6802

Abstract: The present study shows an updated synoptic list of the 30 known Isoptera of the Arabian Peninsula which are classified under four families and nine genera. Twenty-seven species are hitherto known from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The present ... ...

Abstract	The present study shows an updated synoptic list of the 30 known Isoptera of the Arabian Peninsula which are classified under four families and nine genera. Twenty-seven species are hitherto known from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). The present inventory of the termites of Riyadh Province (KSA) indicated three species, Anacanthotermes ochraceous (Burmeister 1839), Psammotermes hypostoma Desneux, 1902 and a rare species, Coptotermes heimi (Wasmann 1902). We present an illustrated key to species based on the soldier caste. Anacanthotermes ochraceous, and P. hypostoma are widely distributed Palearctic species whereas C. heimi seems rare and is a new record for KSA. Distribution maps for the three species are provided based on recently collected material and literature records and remarks on species habitat preference are given.
Keywords	Anacanthotermes ochraceous ; Arabian Peninsula ; Blattodea ; Key ; New record ; Psammotermes hypostoma ; Biology (General) ; QH301-705.5
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2021-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Elsevier
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Review of the Arabian Crematogaster Lund (Hymenoptera, Formicidae), synoptic list, distribution, and description of two new species from Oman and Saudi Arabia

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood / Francisco Hita Garcia

ZooKeys, Vol 898, Iss , Pp 27-

2019 Volume 81

Abstract: The genus Crematogaster is one of the most species-rich and widespread groups of ants. Despite their often-high local abundance and important ecological interactions, the taxonomy of the genus is fragmentary and in great need of modern revisionary ... ...

Abstract	The genus Crematogaster is one of the most species-rich and widespread groups of ants. Despite their often-high local abundance and important ecological interactions, the taxonomy of the genus is fragmentary and in great need of modern revisionary studies. As a first step towards a revision for the Arabian fauna of Crematogaster, a review of all known species with synoptic species accounts is provided. Seventeen species are recognized and illustrated from the Arabian Peninsula, of which two new species are described: C. jacindae Sharaf & Hita Garcia, sp. nov. from the Dhofar Governorate, Oman, and C. gryllsi Sharaf & Hita Garcia, sp. nov. from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) based on the worker caste. Crematogaster jacindae sp. nov. is easily separated from the remainder of the Arabian Crematogaster fauna due to its complete lack of propodeal spines, slit-shaped propodeal spiracles, and its distinct bicoloration, whereas C. gryllsi sp. nov. is readily distinguished by its unlobed postpetiolar dorsum. Furthermore, new country records are presented: C. acaciae Forel for the KSA and Yemen, and C. delagoensis Forel and C. jehovae Forel for the KSA C. antaris for Qatar, whereas C. luctans Forel is excluded from the Arabian fauna. In addition, on the basis of morphological examination of original type material, C. affabilis Forel is proposed as junior synonym of C. chiarinii Mayr, and C. striaticeps is elevated to species rank stat. nov. Furthermore, a new identification key for the Arabian species is provided, as well as distribution maps for all species.
Keywords	Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-12-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: The genus Lepisiota Santschi, 1926 of the Arabian Peninsula with the description of a new species, Lepisiota elbazi sp. nov. from Oman, an updated species identification key, and assessment of zoogeographic affinities

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood / Amr A. Mohamed / Francisco Hita Garcia

Journal of Hymenoptera Research, Vol 76, Iss , Pp 127-

2020 Volume 152

Abstract: This study updates and summarizes information on the taxonomy and status of the Arabian Lepisiota fauna. We describe and illustrate the new species Lepisiota elbazi sp. nov. from the Dhofar Governorate, Oman based on the worker caste. The new species is ... ...

Abstract	This study updates and summarizes information on the taxonomy and status of the Arabian Lepisiota fauna. We describe and illustrate the new species Lepisiota elbazi sp. nov. from the Dhofar Governorate, Oman based on the worker caste. The new species is closest to the Arabian species, L. arabica Collingwood, 1985 from the southwestern mountains of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and can be separated by having fewer body hairs (two pairs on the posterior margin of the head, two or three pairs on the promesonotum and, one or two pairs on the first gastral tergite), the longer head, scapes, and propodeal spines, and the shorter mesosoma. We present the first illustrated key to the worker caste of the Arabian species of Lepisiota using stacked digital color images to facilitate species determination. The new species is probably endemic to the Dhofar Governorate and seems rare. An up-to-date synoptic checklist of 21 species representing the Arabian Lepisiota Santschi, 1926 is emended based upon the most recent literature in ant systematics. Five species are excluded from the Arabian Lepisiota fauna, L. arenaria (Arnold, 1920), L. erythraea (Forel, 1910), L. incisa (Forel, 1913), L. sericea (Forel, 1892a), and L. simplex (Forel, 1892) for issues related to previous species misidentification. Lepisiota carbonaria (Emery, 1892) is proposed as a senior synonym of L. depilis (Emery, 1897) syn. nov. The faunal composition of Lepisiota species recorded from the Arabian Peninsula can be divided/delineated into two main groups according to their zoogeographical relationships; (1) Afrotropical (11 species-~52.38%); (2) Palearctic (10 species-~47.62%) elements whereas eight species (~38%) are Arabian endemics.
Keywords	Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-04-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Review of the ant genus Technomyrmex Mayr, 1872 in the Arabian Peninsula (Hymenoptera, Formicidae)

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Hathal M. Al Dhafer / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood

ZooKeys, Vol 780, Iss , Pp 35-

2018 Volume 59

Abstract: The taxonomy of the dolichoderine ants of the genus Technomyrmex Mayr, 1872 is revised for the Arabian Peninsula. Six species are treated, T. albipes (F. Smith, 1861), T. difficilis Forel, 1892, T. briani Sharaf, 2009, T. vexatus (Santschi, 1919), T. ... ...

Abstract	The taxonomy of the dolichoderine ants of the genus Technomyrmex Mayr, 1872 is revised for the Arabian Peninsula. Six species are treated, T. albipes (F. Smith, 1861), T. difficilis Forel, 1892, T. briani Sharaf, 2009, T. vexatus (Santschi, 1919), T. montaseri Sharaf, Collingwood & Aldawood, 2011, and T. setosus Collingwood, 1985. The successful tramp species T. difficilis Forel, 1892 is recorded for the first time from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) and Yemen, representing new records for the Palearctic Region. Technomyrmex vexatus (Santschi, 1919) is a new species record for Yemen. The queen caste of the rare endemic species, T. briani Sharaf, 2009 is described for the first time. A neotype for KSA endemic T. setosus Collingwood 1985 is designated based on a specimen collected from the type locality, the Asir Mountains, KSA, including new information on habitats and distribution. A male cast of Technomyrmex, possibly of T. setosus, is also described. An illustrated key based on the worker caste of the Arabian species of Technomyrmex is given. New geographical records and a distribution map for the treated species are presented.
Keywords	Zoology ; QL1-991
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2018-08-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article: Worldwide Distribution of Syllophopsis sechellensis (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Wetterer, James K / Mostafa R. Sharaf

Florida entomologist. 2017 June, v. 100, no. 2

2017

Abstract: Syllophopsis sechellensis (Emery) (formerly Monomorium sechellense) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a small, inconspicuous ant species, native to the Old World tropics, but has spread by human commerce to other parts of the world. The extent of its original ...

Abstract	Syllophopsis sechellensis (Emery) (formerly Monomorium sechellense) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) is a small, inconspicuous ant species, native to the Old World tropics, but has spread by human commerce to other parts of the world. The extent of its original native range is unclear. Here, we examined the worldwide distribution of S. sechellensis, particularly its spread to the New World. We compiled published and unpublished S. sechellensis specimen records from >160 sites. We documented the earliest known S. sechellensis records for 43 geographic areas (countries, island groups, and West Indian islands), including many islands for which we found no previously published records, in Southeast Asia (Singapore), the Indian Ocean (Comoro Islands, Îles Éparses, Mascarene Islands), Pacific Ocean (Palau), Atlantic Ocean (Cape Verde Islands), and the Caribbean (Guadeloupe, Grenada, Martinique, Mona, Puerto Rico, St. Croix, St. Lucia, St. Martin, St. Thomas, St. Vincent, and Trinidad). The geographic ranges of S. sechellensis and other Syllophopsis species suggest that S. sechellensis may be native to Madagascar and neighboring islands in the western Indian Ocean or to Southeast Asia or both. The earliest known record of S. sechellensis in the New World was collected in Barbados in 2003. We recorded this species on 11 additional West Indian islands. This finding might indicate that S. sechellensis is rapidly spreading through the West Indies. Alternatively, it may be that this inconspicuous ant has simply been overlooked or misidentified in this region.
Keywords	humans ; islands ; Monomorium ; trade ; tropics ; Atlantic Ocean ; Barbados ; Cape Verde ; Caribbean ; Comoros ; Grenada ; Guadeloupe ; Indian Ocean ; Madagascar ; Martinique ; Pacific Ocean ; Palau ; Puerto Rico ; Saint Lucia ; Singapore ; Trinidad and Tobago
Language	English
Dates of publication	2017-06
Size	p. 281-285.
Publishing place	Florida Entomological Society
Document type	Article
ISSN	1938-5102
DOI	10.1653/024.100.0224
Database	NAL-Catalogue (AGRICOLA)

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Article ; Online: Molecular phylogenetic analysis and morphological reassessments of thief ants identify a new potential case of biological invasions

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Dietrich Gotzek / Benoit Guénard / Brian L. Fisher / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood / Hathal M. Al Dhafer / Amr A. Mohamed

Scientific Reports, Vol 10, Iss 1, Pp 1-

2020 Volume 11

Abstract: Abstract Species delimitation offered by DNA-based approaches can provide important insights into the natural history and diversity of species, but the cogency of such processes is limited without multigene phylogenies. Recent attempts to barcode various ...

Abstract	Abstract Species delimitation offered by DNA-based approaches can provide important insights into the natural history and diversity of species, but the cogency of such processes is limited without multigene phylogenies. Recent attempts to barcode various Solenopsidini ant taxa (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Myrmicinae), including the thief ant Solenopsis saudiensis Sharaf & Aldawood, 2011 described from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), were precipitated by the unexpected existence of a closely related species, the Nearctic S. abdita Thompson, 1989 within the S. molesta species complex native to Florida. This finding left the species status of the former uncertain. Here, we investigated the taxonomy and phylogeny of these two species to determine whether or not S. abdita represents a new global tramp species. We inferred a phylogeny of the two species using DNA sequence data from four nuclear genes (Abd-A, EF1α-F1, EF1α-F2, and Wingless) and one mitochondrial gene (COI) sampled from populations in Florida, Guatemala, Hawaii, and Saudi Arabia. Both species clustered into one distinct and robust clade. The taxonomy of S. saudiensis was re‐examined using morphometrics. A reassessment of the morphological characters used to diagnose the worker and queen castes were consistent with molecular evidence. Based on combined morphological and molecular evidences S. saudiensis is declared as a junior synonym of S. abdita (syn. nov.). In addition, our findings indicate that S. abdita is a novel global tramp species which has a far wider distribution than previously thought and has established itself in many new habitats and different geographic realms.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2020-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
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Article ; Online: Review of the ant genus Nesomyrmex Wheeler, 1910 (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae) from the Arabian Peninsula

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Shahid Ali Akbar / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood / Francisco Hita Garcia

African Invertebrates, Vol 58, Iss 2, Pp 21-

2017 Volume 37

Abstract: In this study, we review the Arabian species of the ant genus Nesomyrmex Wheeler. We provide species reviews for the two previously known species, N. angulatus (Mayr, 1862) and N. humerosus (Emery, 1896) and describe a new species N. zaheri sp. n. from ... ...

Abstract	In this study, we review the Arabian species of the ant genus Nesomyrmex Wheeler. We provide species reviews for the two previously known species, N. angulatus (Mayr, 1862) and N. humerosus (Emery, 1896) and describe a new species N. zaheri sp. n. from Yemen based on the worker caste. An illustrated key to the Arabian species of the genus and montage photos of all three species are provided.
Keywords	Science ; Q ; Ecology ; QH540-549.5 ; General. Including nature conservation ; geographical distribution ; QH1-199.5
Language	English
Publishing date	2017-06-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Pensoft Publishers
Document type	Article ; Online
Database	BASE - Bielefeld Academic Search Engine (life sciences selection)

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Article ; Online: Taxonomy of Arabian Temnothorax Mayr (Formicidae

Mostafa R. Sharaf / Abdulrahman S. Aldawood / Evan P. Economo / Aijaz Ahmad Wachkoo / Francisco Hita Garcia

Scientific Reports, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-

Myrmicinae) with description of a new species enhanced by x-ray microtomography

2019 Volume 7

Abstract: Abstract Temnothorax elmenshawyi sp. n., a new ant species from the Asir Mountains of the southwestern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is described based on the worker caste. The new species is a member of the T. exilis species group and is ... ...

Abstract	Abstract Temnothorax elmenshawyi sp. n., a new ant species from the Asir Mountains of the southwestern region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, is described based on the worker caste. The new species is a member of the T. exilis species group and is distinguished from the other species included in this group by the impressed metanotal groove, the short, acute and broadly-based propodeal spines, the finely punctate posterior half of cephalic surface, and absence of a median clypeal carina. Despite extensive collecting by the authors at the type locality, only two specimens are available for description, suggesting that this species may be rare and likely endemic to the Asir Mountains. The species description is complemented by still images of volume renderings of a 3D model and a 3D rotation video of the holotype based on x-ray microtomography (micro-CT), allowing remote in-depth examination of the specimen. The virtual micro-CT data is provided as cybertype dataset and freely available online https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.4gg39k6, as well as 3D surface model (Sketchfab.com, https://skfb.ly/6HYRz). An updated identification key to the Arabian species is presented.
Keywords	Medicine ; R ; Science ; Q
Subject code	590
Language	English
Publishing date	2019-07-01T00:00:00Z
Publisher	Nature Publishing Group
Document type	Article ; Online
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