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  1. Article ; Online: Psychosocial work environment stressors for school staff during the COVID-19 pandemic: Barriers and facilitators for supporting wellbeing.

    Rolf, Liz R / Vestal, Liz / Moore, Ashley C / Lobb Dougherty, Nikole / Mueller, Nancy / Newland, Jason G

    Frontiers in public health

    2023  Volume 11, Page(s) 1096240

    Abstract: Introduction: After periods of remote and/or hybrid learning as a result of the COVID-19 global pandemic, the return to in-person learning has been beneficial for both students and teachers, but it has not been without challenges. This study was ... ...

    Abstract Introduction: After periods of remote and/or hybrid learning as a result of the COVID-19 global pandemic, the return to in-person learning has been beneficial for both students and teachers, but it has not been without challenges. This study was designed to assess the impact of the return to in-person learning on the school experience, and efforts made to ease the transition in furthering a positive in-person learning environment.
    Materials and methods: We conducted a series of listening sessions with 4 stakeholder groups: students (
    Results: Three main themes emerged around school staff experiences: (1) increased levels of stress and anxiety manifested in key ways, including students' challenges with personal behavior management contributing to increased aggression and staff shortages; (2) school staff described key contributors to stress and anxiety, including feeling excluded from decision making and challenges with clear and consistent communication; and (3) school staff described key facilitators that supported their management of anxiety and stress, including adaptability, heightened attention and resources to wellbeing, and leveraging interpersonal relationships.
    Discussion: School staff and students faced significant stress and anxiety during the 2021-2022 school year. Further exploration and identification of approaches to mitigate key contributors to increased stress and anxiety for school staff, along with increased opportunities for implementing key facilitators that were identified as important in managing and navigating the increased stress and anxiety offer valuable opportunities for helping to create a supportive work environment for school staff in the future.
    MeSH term(s) Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; Working Conditions ; Schools ; Students/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-03-13
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 2711781-9
    ISSN 2296-2565 ; 2296-2565
    ISSN (online) 2296-2565
    ISSN 2296-2565
    DOI 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1096240
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  2. Article ; Online: COVID-19 Related Facilitators and Barriers to In-Person Learning for Children With Intellectual and Development Disabilities: A Follow-Up.

    Vestal, Liz E / Schmidt, Ann M / Dougherty, Nikole L / Rolf, Liz / Newland, Jason G / Mueller, Nancy B

    The Journal of school health

    2023  Volume 94, Issue 2, Page(s) 105–116

    Abstract: Background: Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and the staff who support them were largely in-person during the 2021-2022 school year, despite their continued vulnerability to infection with SARS-CoV-2. This qualitative ... ...

    Abstract Background: Students with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD) and the staff who support them were largely in-person during the 2021-2022 school year, despite their continued vulnerability to infection with SARS-CoV-2. This qualitative study aimed to understand continued perceptions of weekly SARS-CoV-2 screening testing of students and staff amidst increased availability of vaccinations.
    Methods: Twenty-three focus groups were held with school staff and parents of children with IDD to examine the perceptions of COVID-19 during the 2021-2022 school year. Responses were analyzed using a directed thematic content analysis approach.
    Results: Four principal themes were identified: strengths and opportunities of school- and district-level mitigation policies; experience at school with the return to in-person learning; facilitators and barriers to participation in SARS-CoV-2 screening testing; and perceptions of SARS-CoV-2 testing in light of vaccine availability.
    Implications for school health policy, practice, and equity: Despite the increased availability of vaccines, school staff and families agreed that saliva-based SARS-CoV-2 screening testing helped increase comfort with in-person learning as long as the virus was present in the community.
    Conclusion: To keep children with IDD in school during the pandemic, families found SARS-CoV-2 screening testing important. Clearly communicating school policies and mitigation strategies facilitated peace of mind and confidence in the school district.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; COVID-19 Testing ; Follow-Up Studies ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Health Policy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2023-10-18
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 952835-0
    ISSN 1746-1561 ; 0022-4391
    ISSN (online) 1746-1561
    ISSN 0022-4391
    DOI 10.1111/josh.13404
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  3. Article ; Online: Delayed SARS-COV-2 leukoencephalopathy without Severe Hypoxia.

    Kumar, Arooshi / Olivera, Anlys / Mueller, Nancy / Howard, Jonathan / Lewis, Ariane

    Journal of the neurological sciences

    2020  Volume 418, Page(s) 117146

    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Blood Pressure/physiology ; Brain/pathology ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; Delayed Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Hypoxia/epidemiology ; Leukoencephalopathies/diagnostic imaging ; Leukoencephalopathies/epidemiology ; Leukoencephalopathies/pathology ; Leukoencephalopathies/physiopathology ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neuroimaging ; New York City/epidemiology ; Pandemics ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Time Factors ; White Matter/pathology
    Keywords covid19
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-09-18
    Publishing country Netherlands
    Document type Case Reports ; Letter
    ZDB-ID 80160-4
    ISSN 1878-5883 ; 0022-510X ; 0374-8642
    ISSN (online) 1878-5883
    ISSN 0022-510X ; 0374-8642
    DOI 10.1016/j.jns.2020.117146
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  4. Article ; Online: COVID-19-Related Facilitators and Barriers to In-Person Learning for Children With Intellectual and Development Disabilities.

    Vestal, Liz E / Schmidt, Ann M / Dougherty, Nikole L / Sherby, Michael R / Newland, Jason G / Mueller, Nancy B

    The Journal of school health

    2022  Volume 93, Issue 3, Page(s) 176–185

    Abstract: Background: Schools provide essential functions for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), but their vulnerability to infection with SARS-CoV-2 are a barrier to in-person learning. This qualitative study aimed to understand how ...

    Abstract Background: Schools provide essential functions for children with intellectual and developmental disabilities (IDD), but their vulnerability to infection with SARS-CoV-2 are a barrier to in-person learning. This qualitative study aimed to understand how weekly SARS-CoV-2 screening testing of students and staff could best facilitate in-school learning during the pandemic.
    Methods: Thirty-one focus groups were held with school staff and parents of children with IDD to examine the perceptions of COVID-19 during the 2020-2021 school year. Responses were analyzed using a directed thematic content analysis approach.
    Results: Five principal themes were identified: risks of returning to in-person learning; facilitators and barriers to participation in SARS-CoV-2 screening testing; messaging strategies; and preferred messengers.
    Implications for school health policy, practice, and equity: Staff and families agreed that saliva-based SARS-CoV-2 screening testing helps increase comfort with in-person learning. Screening testing increased family and school staff comfort with in-person learning particularly because many students with special needs cannot adhere to public health guidelines.
    Conclusion: To keep children with IDD in school during the pandemic, families found SARS-CoV-2 screening testing important, particularly for students that cannot adhere to mitigation guidelines.
    MeSH term(s) Child ; Humans ; COVID-19/epidemiology ; SARS-CoV-2 ; Learning ; Schools ; Health Policy
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-11-20
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
    ZDB-ID 952835-0
    ISSN 1746-1561 ; 0022-4391
    ISSN (online) 1746-1561
    ISSN 0022-4391
    DOI 10.1111/josh.13262
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  5. Article ; Online: Policy activity and policy adoption in rural, suburban, and urban local health departments.

    Harris, Jenine K / Mueller, Nancy L

    Journal of public health management and practice : JPHMP

    2013  Volume 19, Issue 2, Page(s) E1–8

    Abstract: Public health policy is among the most effective and cost-effective interventions in some areas of public health and is emerging as effective in others. Policy may be especially important for rural communities, where residents face serious health and ... ...

    Abstract Public health policy is among the most effective and cost-effective interventions in some areas of public health and is emerging as effective in others. Policy may be especially important for rural communities, where residents face serious health and economic disparities and local health departments (LHDs) lack resources to provide necessary services. Data from the 2008 National Association of County and City Health Officials National Profile of Local Health Departments were used to examine policy activity (eg, policy development; communication with policymakers) and policy adoption in a sample of 454 LHDs. Results indicate policy activity was low in some policy areas for all LHDs and lowest in all policy areas for rural departments. Policy activities had significant positive relationships with policy adoption for land use (φ = 0.31; P < .05); tobacco prevention and control (φ = 0.37; P < .05); indoor air quality (φ = 0.28; P < .05); and nutrition and physical activity (φ = 0.21; P < .05). These relationships differed for rural, suburban, and urban LHDs. Significant positive correlations were also identified between overall levels of policy activity and any policy adoption (r = 0.16-0.27; P < .05). Local health departments should increase participation in policy activity to facilitate public health policy adoption nationwide.
    MeSH term(s) Guideline Adherence ; Health Policy ; Local Government ; Public Health Administration ; Rural Population ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; United States ; Urban Population
    Language English
    Publishing date 2013-03
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2027860-3
    ISSN 1550-5022 ; 1078-4659
    ISSN (online) 1550-5022
    ISSN 1078-4659
    DOI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e318252ee8c
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  6. Article ; Online: A Phylogenetic Survey on the Structure of the HIV-1 Leader RNA Domain That Encodes the Splice Donor Signal.

    Mueller, Nancy / Das, Atze T / Berkhout, Ben

    Viruses

    2016  Volume 8, Issue 7

    Abstract: RNA splicing is a critical step in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication cycle because it controls the expression of the complex viral proteome. The major 5' splice site (5'ss) that is positioned in the untranslated leader of the ... ...

    Abstract RNA splicing is a critical step in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) replication cycle because it controls the expression of the complex viral proteome. The major 5' splice site (5'ss) that is positioned in the untranslated leader of the HIV-1 RNA transcript is of particular interest because it is used for the production of the more than 40 differentially spliced subgenomic mRNAs. HIV-1 splicing needs to be balanced tightly to ensure the proper levels of all viral proteins, including the Gag-Pol proteins that are translated from the unspliced RNA. We previously presented evidence that the major 5'ss is regulated by a repressive local RNA structure, the splice donor (SD) hairpin, that masks the 11 nucleotides (nts) of the 5'ss signal for recognition by U1 small nuclear RNA (snRNA) of the spliceosome machinery. A strikingly different multiple-hairpin RNA conformation was recently proposed for this part of the HIV-1 leader RNA. We therefore inspected the sequence of natural HIV-1 isolates in search for support, in the form of base pair (bp) co-variations, for the different RNA conformations.
    MeSH term(s) HIV Infections/virology ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-1/isolation & purification ; Humans ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA, Spliced Leader/chemistry ; RNA, Spliced Leader/genetics ; RNA, Viral/genetics
    Chemical Substances RNA, Spliced Leader ; RNA, Viral
    Language English
    Publishing date 2016-07-21
    Publishing country Switzerland
    Document type Journal Article
    ZDB-ID 2516098-9
    ISSN 1999-4915 ; 1999-4915
    ISSN (online) 1999-4915
    ISSN 1999-4915
    DOI 10.3390/v8070200
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  7. Article ; Online: The impact of responsible fatherhood programs on parenting, psychological well-being, and financial outcomes: A randomized controlled trial.

    Kohl, Patricia L / Krauss, Melissa J / King, Courtney / Cheng, Shih-Ying / Fowler, Patrick / Goodwin, Destini N / Tillis, Cheri D / Sullivan, Halbert / Sorg, Amy / Mueller, Nancy B

    Family process

    2022  Volume 61, Issue 3, Page(s) 1097–1115

    Abstract: The objective of this study was to examine differences in parenting, psychological well-being, and economic outcomes between fathers receiving two different programs offered by Fathers & Families Support Center for economically disadvantaged fathers: (a) ...

    Abstract The objective of this study was to examine differences in parenting, psychological well-being, and economic outcomes between fathers receiving two different programs offered by Fathers & Families Support Center for economically disadvantaged fathers: (a) Family Formation (FF), a 6-week/240-h program focused on economic stability/mobility, responsible fatherhood, and healthy relationships, with case management and legal services; (b) Economic Stability (ES), a 4-week/80-h program focused only on economic stability with limited case management and legal services. A randomized controlled trial (RCT) was used to compare fathers in FF (n = 350) vs. ES (n = 342). Surveys were administered at enrollment and 3- and 12-months postintervention. Linear and generalized linear mixed models were used to assess changes in program outcomes over time and across study groups. Four hundred and eighty-two fathers responded to either follow-up survey (251 FF, 231 ES). Nearly all (98%) were non-white (93% Black, 5% other/mixed race) and were on average 34 years old. Approximately 46% attended ≥75% of program sessions (FF 48% vs. ES 44%). Both FF and ES groups experienced improvements in parenting, psychological well-being, and financial outcomes after the programs, but changes in outcomes over time did not differ significantly by program. The lack of difference in outcomes between fathers in FF and ES groups could be due to a similar core focus on employment-related curriculum for both groups. Gaining financial stability could have contributed to positive improvements in other fatherhood domains. Implications for future research and practice are discussed herein.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Fathers/psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Parenting/psychology
    Language English
    Publishing date 2022-01-05
    Publishing country United States
    Document type Journal Article ; Randomized Controlled Trial ; Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
    ZDB-ID 212740-4
    ISSN 1545-5300 ; 0014-7370
    ISSN (online) 1545-5300
    ISSN 0014-7370
    DOI 10.1111/famp.12752
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  8. Article ; Online: HIV-1 splicing is controlled by local RNA structure and binding of splicing regulatory proteins at the major 5' splice site.

    Mueller, Nancy / Berkhout, Ben / Das, Atze T

    The Journal of general virology

    2015  Volume 96, Issue Pt 7, Page(s) 1906–1917

    Abstract: The 5' leader region of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) RNA genome contains the major 5' splice site (ss) that is used in the production of the many spliced viral RNAs. This splice-donor (SD) region can fold into a stable stem-loop structure ... ...

    Abstract The 5' leader region of the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) RNA genome contains the major 5' splice site (ss) that is used in the production of the many spliced viral RNAs. This splice-donor (SD) region can fold into a stable stem-loop structure and the thermodynamic stability of this RNA hairpin influences splicing efficiency. In addition, splicing may be modulated by binding of splicing regulatory (SR) proteins, in particular SF2/ASF (SRSF1), SC35 (SRSF2), SRp40 (SRSF5) and SRp55 (SRSF6), to sequence elements in the SD region. The role of RNA structure and SR protein binding in splicing control was previously studied by functional analysis of mutant SD sequences. The interpretation of these studies was complicated by the fact that most mutations simultaneously affect both structure and sequence elements. We therefore tried to disentangle the contribution of these two variables by designing more precise SD region mutants with a single effect on either the sequence or the structure. The current analysis indicates that HIV-1 splicing at the major 5'ss is modulated by both the stability of the local RNA structure and the binding of splicing regulatory proteins.
    MeSH term(s) Cell Line ; Genes, Reporter ; HIV-1/genetics ; HIV-1/physiology ; Humans ; Luciferases/analysis ; Luciferases/genetics ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; RNA Splice Sites ; RNA Splicing ; RNA, Viral/chemistry ; RNA, Viral/metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/metabolism
    Chemical Substances RNA Splice Sites ; RNA, Viral ; RNA-Binding Proteins ; Luciferases (EC 1.13.12.-)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2015-07
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 219316-4
    ISSN 1465-2099 ; 0022-1317
    ISSN (online) 1465-2099
    ISSN 0022-1317
    DOI 10.1099/vir.0.000122
    Database MEDical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System OnLINE

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  9. Article ; Online: Durvalumab activity in previously treated patients who stopped durvalumab without disease progression.

    Sheth, Siddharth / Gao, Chen / Mueller, Nancy / Angra, Natasha / Gupta, Ashok / Germa, Caroline / Martinez, Pablo / Soria, Jean-Charles

    Journal for immunotherapy of cancer

    2020  Volume 8, Issue 2

    Abstract: Background: Limited data exist on potential clinical benefit with anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) retreatment in patients who stop initial therapy for reasons other than disease progression or toxicity and develop disease progression while ... ...

    Abstract Background: Limited data exist on potential clinical benefit with anti-programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) retreatment in patients who stop initial therapy for reasons other than disease progression or toxicity and develop disease progression while off treatment.
    Patients and methods: NCT01693562 was a phase I/II study evaluating durvalumab monotherapy in advanced solid tumors. Patients benefiting from treatment were taken off durvalumab at 1 year per protocol and prospectively followed. At disease progression, they were eligible for durvalumab retreatment. Outcomes evaluated during retreatment included best overall response (BOR2), duration of response (DoR2), disease control rate (DCR2), and progression-free survival (PFS2).
    Results: Of 980 patients enrolled and treated with durvalumab 10 mg/kg every 2 weeks (Q2W) in the dose-expansion cohorts, 168 completed 1 year of initial durvalumab treatment with confirmed BOR1 of complete response in 20 (11.9%), partial response (PR) in 84 (50%), stable disease (SD) in 52 (31%), and disease progression in 12 (7.1%). All 168 patients stopped treatment and were eligible for retreatment at progression; 70 patients (41.7%) representing 14 primary tumor types were retreated and response evaluable. Confirmed BOR2 was PR in 8 patients (11.4%), SD in 42 (60.0%), disease progression in 16 (22.9%), and unevaluable in 4 (5.7%). Median DoR2 was 16.5 months. DCR2 ≥24 weeks (DCR2 24) was 47.1%. PFS2 rate at 12 months was 34.2%, and median PFS2 was 5.9 months. Median overall survival (OS2) was 23.8 months. Response rates, DCR2 24, and median DoR2 were generally greater in patients with high PD-L1 expression than those with low/negative expression. No new safety signals were observed during retreatment.
    Conclusion: Retreatment restored antitumor activity, resulting in high rates of durable disease control with an acceptable safety profile. This evidence supports retreatment of patients who stop anti-PD-L1 therapy for reasons other than progression or toxicity, and supports further investigation.
    MeSH term(s) Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology ; Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use ; Disease Progression ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged
    Chemical Substances Antibodies, Monoclonal ; durvalumab (28X28X9OKV)
    Language English
    Publishing date 2020-08-26
    Publishing country England
    Document type Journal Article ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
    ZDB-ID 2719863-7
    ISSN 2051-1426 ; 2051-1426
    ISSN (online) 2051-1426
    ISSN 2051-1426
    DOI 10.1136/jitc-2020-000650
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